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The Chinese Civil War was fought between the Kuomintang-led government and the Communist Party of China. The CPC had support from the Soviet Union while the Kuomintang had US and British support. The communists eventually emerged victorious.

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World War II Ends and the Cold War Begins (1945)

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World War II Ends and the Cold War Begins (1945)

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The Soviet Union and the United States had been allies in WWII. However, rising tensions towards the end of the war, particularly surrounding nuclear weapons, plunged both nations into a period of paranoia and apprehension. It was known as the Cold War because neither country ever officially declared war on the other.

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Winston Churchill Delivers the Iron Curtain Speech (1946)

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Winston Churchill Delivers the Iron Curtain Speech (1946)

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Winston Churchill was the British Prime Minister throughout part of WWII and into the Cold War. The speech condemned Soviet Union policies in Europe and Churchill dressed the "iron curtain...across the continent." His speech is considered one of the opening acts in the Cold War.

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Berlin had been split into multiple parts after WWII. The Soviet Union blockaded the other countries from their side. The allies worried that the people would starve, so they used planes to deliver supplies for months until the blockade ended.

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North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is formed (1949)

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North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is formed (1949)

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NATO was formed by the United States, Canada, and some Western European countries to stop Communist expansion led by the Soviet Union. The Allies agreed in the treaty that “an armed attack against one or more of them… shall be considered an attack against them all." NATO helped to provide security to nations under the looming threat of Communist takeover.

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After the long civil war, the Kuomintang nationalists were pushed out of mainland China. The Communists established the People's Republic of China on the mainland. The nationalists established Taiwan.

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Soviet Union and China Sign Friendship Treaty (1950)

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Soviet Union and China Sign Friendship Treaty (1950)

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China and the Soviet Union were the two largest communist nations in the world. They signed a mutual defense treaty promising to assist each other. The nations eventually split by the early 1960s.

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The Korean War took place between South Korea and North Korea. North Korea had Chinese and Soviet support. South Korea was supported by the United Nations. Though armed conflicts have ended, the two countries are still at war.

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The Warsaw Pact was a political alliance established between the Soviet Union and several Eastern European countries. These countries included Albania, Poland, Romania, Hungary, and others. It was a retaliation of sorts to the formation of NATO.

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The Vietnam War was between North Vietnam and South Vietnam. North Vietnam was Communist and the United States promised to stop the spread of Communism. The United States sent many soldiers to South Vietnam to fight.

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The United States attempted to invade Cuba and overthrow Communist leader Fidel Castro. The invasion at a shore known as the Bay of Pigs was an utter failure for the United States. This invasion began a period of hostility between the US and Cuba.

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The Berlin Wall was a concrete barrier built by the Soviet Union to separate East Berlin from West Berlin. Its primary objective was to keep people form defecting from Communist East Berlin to West Berlin. No one was allowed to cross and families were split apart.

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The Cuban Missile Crisis marks a nearly two week long period where the United States and the Soviet Union were in a stand-off round Cuba. The Soviet Union wanted to implement nuclear missiles in Cuba. This worried the United States, so they set up a blockade around the island country. The crisis was eventually averted when President Kennedy made a deal with Soviet leader Kruschev where the US promised to not invade Cuba if the Soviets did not give the country nuclear weapons.

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The Vietnam War was very controversial. Protests were held all across the US because many people did not think that the US should be involved and they did not agree with the drafting of US soldiers to fight in a war so far from home. The North Vietnamese (Communists) had begun gaining a lot of ground towards the end of the war, so the US and its allies pulled out.

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A spokesperson for the East Berlin Communist Party announced that people were now allowed to move freely through the wall. People were ecstatic and removed chunks of the wall as tokens. This event marked the beginning of the end of the Cold War in Eastern Europe.

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Germany had been split into East Germany and West Germany after World War II. The Soviet Union began losing its grip on its satellite states, including Germany. The leaders of both Germanys decided that it was time they reunify.

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The Soviet Union had gone through a period of internal strife towards the end of the Cold War. President Gorbavech resigned and handed over control of Russia to Boris Yeltsin. The flag of the Soviet Union was replaced by the Russian tricolor flag on the Kremlin, showing to dissolve of the USSR.