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Disruptive selection is usually seen in high-density populations (intraspecific competition)

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Seen in many populations of animals that have multiple male mating strategies, such as lobsters. Large, dominant alpha males obtain mates by brute force, while small males can sneak in with the females in an alpha male’s territory. In this case, both the alpha males and the “sneaking” males will be selected for, but medium-sized males, which cannot overtake the alpha males and are too big to sneak, are selected against.

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In a population of mice that live in the woods, natural selection will tend to favour individuals that best blend in with the forest floor so they survive predators. Those mice whose fur is most-closely matched will most probably survive and reproduce, passing on their genes for their brown coat. Mice that carry alleles that make them slightly lighter or slightly darker will stand out against the ground and will more probably die from predators. As a result of this stabilising selection, the population’s genetic variance will decrease.

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VIDEO on directional stabilising and disruptive selection

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stabilising selection: a type of natural selection in which genetic diversity decreases as the population stabilises on a particular trait value

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disruptive selection: (or diversifying selection) a mode of natural selection in which extreme values for a trait are favoured over intermediate values

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https://courses.lumenlearning.com/boundless-biology/chapter/adaptive-evolution/

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stabilising selection reduces genetic variation, and disruptive selection increases genetic variation within a population.

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https://socratic.org/questions/what-is-the-effect-of-directional-selection-on-genetic-variation-1