# data[].attributes.body
Name: Charles H. Townes
Birthday: July 28, 1915
Nationality: American

Died At The Age: 90
Die On: January 27, 2015

Famous As: Physicist
Contributions: worked on the theory and application of the maser, for which he obtained the fundamental patent, and other work in quantum electronics associated with both maser and laser devices.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
University of California Television (UCTV)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Celebrating Nobel Prize Laser Inventor Charles Townes

# data[].attributes.body
Name: James Cronin

Birthday: September 29, 1931
Nationality: American

Died At The Age: 84
Die On: August 25, 2016

Famous As: Physicist
Contributions: major experimental contributions to particle physics including fundamental work on weak interactions culminating in the discovery of asymmetry under time reversal

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
James Cronin - Global Rules: America, Britain and a Disordered World

# data[].attributes.body
Name: John Archibald Wheeler
Birthday: July 9, 1911
Nationality: American

Died At The Age: 96
Die On: April 13, 2008

Famous As: Physicist
Contributions: known for using the term "black hole" for objects with gravitational collapse

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Web of Stories - Life Stories of Remarkable People

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
John Archibald Wheeler's crazy ideas for a crazy world

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Carl David Anderson
Birthday: September 3, 1905
Nationality: American

Died At The Age: 85
Die On: January 11, 1991

Famous As: Physicist
Contributions: known for his discovery of the positron

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Albert A. Michelson

Birthday: December 19, 1852
Nationality: American

Died At The Age: 78
Die On: May 9, 1931

Famous As: Physicist
Contributions: measuring the speed of light and especially for the Michelson–Morley experiment

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Nobel Prize Winner Albert Abraham Michelson

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Julian Schwinger
Birthday: February 12, 1918
Nationality: American

Died At The Age: 76
Die On: July 16, 1994

Famous As:  Physicist
Contributions: known for his work on quantum electrodynamics (QED)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Julian Schwinger about Special Relativity

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Murray Gell-Mann
Birthday: September 15, 1929
Nationality: American

Died At The Age: 89
Die On: May 24, 2019

Famous As: Physicist
Contributions: theory of elementary particles.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Interview with Murray Gell-Mann, Nobel Laureate in Physics 1969

# data[].attributes.body
Name: John Bardeen
Birthday: May 23, 1908
Nationality: American

Died At The Age: 82
Die On: January 30, 1991

Famous As: Physicist
Contributions: invention of the transistor

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Richard Feynman

Birthday: May 11, 1918

Nationality: American

Died At The Age: 69

Die On: February 17, 1988

Famous As: Theoretical Physicist

Contributions: theory of quantum electrodynamics

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Mike Pentz

Birthday: November 30, 1924

Nationality: South African

Died At The Age: 70 yrs.old

Die On: May 29, 1995

Famous As: Physicist

Contributions: An influential pioneer of teaching science to university students by distance education.

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Rob Martin Adam

Birthday: September 13, 1955
Nationality: South African

Died At The Age:

Die On:

Famous As: Nuclear Physicist

Contributions: Work on systems and institutions of science, technology and innovation. Director of the Square Kilometer Array (SKA) in South Africa. He used to be the chief-executive officer of the South African Nuclear Energy Corporation (NECSA), and Director General of the South African Department of Science and Technology.

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Louis Miles Muggleton

Birthday: July 8, 1922

Nationality: was a South African, born British

Died At The Age: 92 yrs.old
Die On: April 5, 2015

Famous As: Ionospheric Physicist and Electrical Engineer

Contributions: Ionospheric Physics, Standard model of the Heaviside layer (or E-layer) of the Ionosphere

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Adriana Marais

Birthday: 1983 (37 yrs.old)

Nationality: South African

Died At The Age:

Die On:

Famous As: Theoretical Physicist and Technologist.

Contributions: Known for Projects encouraging STEM. Director of the Foundation for Space Development, South Africa, an organisation that aims to inspire children in developing countries via education and science. She is the founder of Proudly Human, an initiative of Off-World Antarctica, an off-world settlement simulation experiment to take place over the winter of 2021.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Watch this space | Adriana Marais | TEDxCapeTown

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Friedel Sellschop

Birthday: June 8, 1930

Nationality: South African

Died At The Age: 72 yrs.old

Die On: August 4, 2002

Famous As: A scientist and pioneer in the field of applied nuclear physics.

Contributions: Nuclear physics, Particle Physics, Diamond Physics

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Neil Turok

Birthday: November 16, 1958 (61 yrs.old)

Nationality: South African

Died At The Age:

Die On:

Famous As: Physicist

Contributions: The director of the Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics from 2008 to 2019. He specializes in mathematical physics and early-universe physics, including the cosmological constant and a cyclic model for the universe.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Neil Turok Public Lecture: The Astonishing Simplicity of Everything

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Amanda Weltman

Birthday: 1979 (41 yrs.old)

Nationality: South African

Died At The Age:

Die On:

Famous As: Theoretical Physicist

Contributions: She is known for co-authoring a paper proposing the “chameleon theory” to explain the existence of dark energy. She is currently a researcher at the University of Cape Town.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
NEF Fellows Spotlight Session: Amanda Weltman

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Frank Nabarro

Birthday: March 7,1916

Nationality: South African

Died At The Age: 90 yrs.old

Die On: July 20, 2006

Famous As: Physicist

Contributions: One of the pioneers of solid-state physics, which underpins much of 21st-century technology.

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Allan MacLeod Cormack

Birthday: February 23, 1924

Nationality: African

Died At The Age: 74

Die On: May 7 1998

Famous As: Physicist

Contributions: He was awarded the 1979 Nobel prize in physiology or medicine for his work on X-ray computed tomography

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Tikvah Alper

Birthday: January 22, 1909

Nationality: South African

Died At The Age: 86 yrs old

Die On: February 2, 1995

Famous As: trained as a physicist and became a distinguished radiobiologist

Contributions: the first to find evidence indicating that the infectious agent in Scrapie, made notable during the Mad cow disease outbreak in Britain in the 1990s

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Apolinario D. Nazarea

Birthday: October 11, 1940.

Nationality: Filipino

Died At The Age:

Die On:

Famous As: Physicist

Contributions: conceptual framework on the structure of RNA/DNA investigation

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Eduardo Padlan

Birthday: August 31, 1940

Nationality: Filipino

Died At The Age:

Die On:

Famous As: Biophysicist

Contributions: great contributions and undertakings in Biophysics

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Dr. Amado Muriel

Birthday: November 24, 1939

Nationality: Filipino

Died At The Age:

Die On:

Famous As: Physicist

Contributions: advancement of theoretical apparatus to clarify turbulence

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Henry J. Ramos

Birthday:July 15, 1950

Nationality: Filipino

Died At The Age:

Die On:

Famous As: Physicist

Contributions: founder of the Plasma Physics Laboratory

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Dr. Josefino C Comiso

Birthday: September 21, 1940

Nationality: Filipino

Died At The Age:

Die On:

Famous As: Physicists

Contributions: Senior research scientist at the Cryospheric Sciences Laboratory of the Goddard Space Flight Center.

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Paulo C. Campos

Birthday: July 7, 1921

Nationality: Filipino

Died At The Age: 85

Die On: June 2, 2007

Famous As: The Father of Nuclear Medicine in the Philippines

Contributions: initiated the construction of the first radionuclide and radioisotope laboratory in the Philippines

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Quirino O. Navarro

Birthday: 29 March 1936

Nationality: Filipino

Died At The Age:

Die On:

Famous As: nuclear physicist and chemist

Contributions: studied isotopes of californium, dysprosium, and einsteinium

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Diosdado Banatao

Birthday: May 26, 1946

Nationality: Filipino

Famous As: Physicist

Contributions: 10-Mbit Ethernet CMOS with silicon coupler data-link control and transceiver chip

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Gregorio Zara

Birthday: March 8, 1902

Nationality: Filipino

Died At The Age:

Die On: October 15, 1978

Famous As: Physicist

Contributions: inventor of the videophone, the first two-way electronic video communicator

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
TODAY IN HISTORY | MARCH 8, 1902 | GREGORIO ZARA

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Dr. Ma. Victoria C. Bernido

Birthday: November 17

Nationality: Filipino

Famous As: 2010 Ramon Magsaysay Awardee

Contributions:

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Excerpts from the Experts | Dr. Ma Victoria Carpio- Bernido

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Ibn al-Baytar
Birthday: 1197

Nationality: Andalusian

Died on: 1248

Famous as: Pharmacist, Botanist, Physician, and Scientist

Contributions: systematically record the additions made by Islamic physicians in the Middle Ages, which added between 300 and 400 types of medicine to the one thousand previously known since antiquity.

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Wang Ming Chen
Birthday: November 18, 1906

Nationality: Chinese

Died at age: 103
Died on: August 28, 2010
Nationality: Chinese

Famous as: Theoretical Physicist
Contributions: works on stochastic process and Brownian motion with George Uhlenbeck

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Li Min Hua
Birthday: November 2, 1917

Nationality: Chinese

Died at age: 95
Nationality: Chinese

Famous as: Aerospace engineer, Physicist
Contributions: Three-dimensional photoelasticity problems, Subharmonic resonance of system having non-linear spring with variable coefficient

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Li Ai Zhen
Birthday: May 1936

Nationality: Chinese

Famous as: Semiconductor Materials Scientist

Contributions: Special subjects of electronic materials and photonic materials in the field of 863 new materials, Lab of Molecular Beam Epitaxy Semiconductor Microstructure Materials and Devices of Shanghai Institute of Metallurgy

# data[].attributes.location_name
Tsinghua University, Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China

# data[].attributes.headline
Tsinghua University, Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China

# data[].attributes.subject
Tsinghua University, Shuangqing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Chen Xie
Birthday: ----

Nationality: Chinese

Famous as: Theoretical Physicist

Contributions: Topological states of matter and the relationships between them.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Xie Chen - CS+Physics - Alumni College 2016

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Li Lin
Birthday: October 31, 1923

Nationality: Chinese

Died At Age: 79

Died on: May 31, 2003

Famous as: Physicist
Contributions: China's metallurgy, nuclear power, and high-temperature superconductivity programs

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Fang Li Zhi
Birthday: February 12, 1936

Nationality: Chinese

Died at Age: 76
Died on: April 6, 2012

Famous as: Astrophysicist

Contributions: non-Gaussianity in the cosmic microwave background anisotropy, Lyman alpha forest, application of wavelet in cosmology, turbulence in intergalactic medium, and the 21cm radiation during the Reionization

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Fang Lizhi - Video Learning - WizScience.com

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Li Zheng Dao
Birthday: November 24, 1926

Nationality: Chinese

Famous as: Physicist

Contributions: Parity violation, the Lee Model, Relativistic Heavy Ion (RHIC) physics, Nontopological Solitons and Soliton Stars

# data[].attributes.location_name
Liuhe, Taicang, Taicang, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China

# data[].attributes.headline
Liuhe, Taicang, Taicang, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China

# data[].attributes.subject
Liuhe, Taicang, Taicang, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Wu Jian Xiong
Birthday: May 31, 1912

Nationality: Chinese

Famous as: Experimental Physicist, Chinese Madame Curie, Queen of Nuclear Research

Contributions: Separation of Uranium into Uranium-235 and Uranium-238 isotopes by gaseous diffusion, Wu experiment

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Hidden Science Superstars: Chien-Shiung Wu

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Chikashi Toyoshima
Birthday: July 17, 1954

Nationality: Japanese

Famous as: Biophysicist

Contributions: Ca2+-ATPase of muscle sarcosplasmic reticulum, and the Na+, K+-ATPase expressed in all animal cells

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Conversations With History - Chikashi Toyoshima

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Seishi Kikuchi
Birthday: August 25, 1902

Nationality: Japanese

Died At Age: 72

Died on: November 12, 1974

Famous as: Physicist
Contributions: Kikuchi Lines

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Makoto Kobayashi
Birthday: April 7, 1944

Nationality: Japanese

Famous as: Physicist
Contributions: CP-violation (Discover of the origin of the broken symmetry which predicts the existence of at least three families of quarks in nature)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Japanese scientists win Physics Nobel 2008

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Fujita Mitsutaka
Birthday: August 16, 1959

Nationality: Japanese

Died At Age: 38

Died on: March 18, 1998

Famous as: Physicist
Contributions: Graphene Nanoribbon Theory

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Yasuhiko Arakawa
Birthday: November 6, 1952

Nationality: Japanese

Famous as: Physicist, Engineer
Contributions: Semiconductor Physics, Growth of Nanostructures, and Optoelectronic applications, 3D Photonic Crystal Nanocavity Lasers with Quantum Dot Gain

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Meet our Authors from Japan – Communications Physics

# data[].attributes.body
Name: James Clerk Maxwell
Birthday: June 13, 1831

Nationality: Scottish

Died At Age: 48

Died on: November 5, 1879

Famous as: Mathematician, Physicist
Contributions: Classical Theory of Electromagnetic Radiation, Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Great Minds: James Clerk Maxwell, Electromagnetic Hero

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Max Planck
Birthday: April 23, 1858

Nationality: German

Died At Age: 89

Died on: October 4, 1947

Famous as: Physicist
Contributions: Quantum Physics

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Oxford Academic (Oxford University Press)

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Marie Curie
Birthday: November 7, 1867

Nationality: Polish

Died At Age: 66

Died on: July 4, 1934

Famous as: First Woman to Win A Nobel Prize
Contributions: Polonium, Radium

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Marie Curie and Spooky Rays: Crash Course History of Science #31

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Ernest Rutherford
Birthday: August 30, 1871
Nationality: British, New Zealander

Died At Age: 66

Died on: October 19, 1937

Famous as: Physicist, Chemist, Father of Nuclear Physics
Contributions: Alpha-, Beta-, and Gamma rays

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Werner Heisenburg
Birthday: December 5, 1901

Nationality: German

Died At Age: 74

Died on: February 1, 1976

Famous as: Physicist
Contributions: Uncertainty Principle, Neutron-Proton Model

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Scientist vs. Scientist #4 - Werner Heisenberg and Ernest Rutherford

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Erwin Schrodinger
Birthday: August 12, 1887

Nationality: Austrian

Died At Age: 73

Died on: July 4, 1961

Famous as: Physicist
Contributions: Foundation of Wave Mechanics, Schrodinger Equation

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Christian Hygens
Birthday: April 14, 1629

Nationality: Dutch

Died At Age: 66

Died on: July 8, 1695

Famous as: Mathematician
Contributions: Pendulum Clock

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.authors[].name
Tut2Learn - GK, Exam Tips, Job Tips, Biography

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Famous Scientist Christiaan Huygens Interesting facts

# data[].attributes.body
Name: James Joule
Birthday: December 24, 1818

Nationality: British

Died At Age: 70

Died on: October 11, 1889

Famous as: Physicist
Contributions: A1st Law of Thermodynamics, Joule's 1st Law, Joule-Thompson Effect

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Discovery Of Energy ~ James Prescott Joule & William Thomson

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Henry Cavendish
Birthday: October 10, 1731
Nationality: British

Died At Age: 78

Died on: February 21, 1810

Famous as: Chemist
Contributions: discovery of hydrogen, Cavendish experiment, CO2 physical and chemical properties

# data[].attributes.body
Name: William Thomson Kelvin
Birthday: May 26, 1824

Nationality: British

Died At Age: 83

Died on: December 17, 1907

Famous as: Mathematician, Physicist
Contributions: Mathematical analysis of electricity and magnetism, Foundations of 1st and 2nd Law of Thermodynamics, Absolute Thermometric Scale, Dynamic Theory of Heat

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Nicolaus Copernicus
Birthday: February 19, 1473

Nationality: Polish

Died At Age: 70

Died on: May 24, 1543

Famous as: Astronomer, Physicist
Contributions: Heliocentrism, De Revolutionibus

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Copernicus - Astronomer | Mini Bio | BIO

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Niels Bohr
Birthday: October 7, 1885

Nationality: Danish

Died At Age: 77

Died on: November 18, 1962

Famous as: Nobel Prize Winning Physicist
Contributions: Bohr's atomic model, Complementarity Principle

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Bohr’s Atomic Model | Atoms and Molecules | Infinity Learn NEET

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Archimedes
Birthday: 287 BC

Nationality: Greek

Died At Age: 75

Died on: 212 BC

Famous as: Astronomer, Mathematician, Physicist, Engineer
Contributions: Archimedes' Principle, Archimedes' Screw, Hydrostatics, Levers, Infinitesimals

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
What is the Archimedes’ Principle? | Gravitation | Physics | Infinity Learn

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Johannes Kepler
Birthday: December 27, 1571

Nationality: German

Died At Age: 58

Died on: November 15, 1630

Famous as: Astronomer, Mathematician, Astrologer
Contributions: Refracting Telescope, Law of Continuity, Astronomia Nova, Kepler's Laws of Planetary Motions

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Michael Faraday
Birthday: September 22, 1791

Nationality: British

Died At Age: 75

Died on: August 25, 1867

Diseases & Disabilities: Dyslexia

Famous as: Physicist, Chemist
Contributions: Electromagnetic Induction, Plane of Polarization, Benzene

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Michael Faraday and the Electric Spark | OpenMind

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Galileo Galilei
Birthday: February 15, 1564

Nationality: Italian

Died At Age: 77

Died on: January 8, 1642

Diseases & Disabilities: Dyslexia

Famous as: Astronomer, Mathematician, Philosopher, Rebel Scientist, Physicist
Contributions: Telescope, Ballistics Calculation Geometry, Military Compass, Discover of Jupiter's Four Largest Satelliteshe Three Laws of Motion, Reflecting telescope

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Galileo Galilei For Kids | Bedtime History

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Sir Isaac Newton
Birthday: January 4, 1643

Nationality: British

Died At Age: 84

Died on: March 31, 1727

Diseases & Disabilities: Depression, Stammering/ Stuttering

Famous as: Mathematician
Contributions: The Three Laws of Motion, Reflecting telescope

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Nikola Tesla
Birthday: July 10, 1856

Nationality: American, Austrian

Died At Age: 86

Died on: January 7, 1943

Diseases & Disabilities: Dyslexia

Famous as: Inventor, Father of Radio
Contributions:  modern alternating current (AC) supply system, Tesla coil, development of radio, radar technology, X-ray technology, rotating magnetic field

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Nikola Tesla and his incredible inventions

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Albert Einstein
Birthday: March 14, 1879

Nationality: American, German

Died At Age: 76

Died on: April 18, 1955
Diseases & Disabilities: Dyslexia

Famous as: Physicist
Contributions: Law of Photoelectric Electric Effect, Einstein Refrigerator, Theory of General Relativity

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Albert Einstein for Kids | Scientist & Inventor

# data[].attributes.body
Name: Stephen William Hawking
Birthday: January 8, 1942

Nationality: British

Died At Age: 76
Died on: March 14, 2018
Diseases & Disabilities: Quadriplegia

Famous as: Theoretical Physicist, Cosmologist

Contribution: Hawking radiation

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Hawking Radiation Explained: What Exactly Was Stephen Hawking Famous For?