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Militarism: The competitive build up of ones military, the policy of a glorifying military power and keeping an army prepared for war.
WW1: The rise of a dangerous European arms race.The nations of Europe believed they needed to have a powerful military. By 1914, all great powers except Britain had large standing armies.
WW2: Japan contributed to the growing power of its military and chaos within its ranks leading up to the Second World War.

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Alliances:  A relationship forged between two or more individuals or groups that works as a positive for both parties involved.
WW1: The alliance system had been designed to keep peace in Europe, but instead helped push the continent into war.
WW2: . "The Allies and the Soviets" or "the Allies" decided to make offensive after that of the Soviets" even though technically the USSR was allied with say Britain and the USA. Instances where the Soviets are grouped into "Allies" are rare especially after the fall of the USSR. (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics)

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Imperialism: A policy in which
a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, socially, and economically through diplomacy or military force.
WW1: The nations of Europe competed fiercely for colonies in
Africa and Asia. As European countries continued to compete for overseas empires, their sense of rivalry and mistrust of one another deepened.
WW2: In Germany Hitler and his Nazi Party rose to power and their
main idea of Nazism became the basis of German imperialism.It was Hitler's desire to expand his country and establish a extensive empire in Eastern Europe. Germany & Japan were slowly gaining power as imperialist colonies.Both countries were eager for even greater control.

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During WW2 the creation of the United nations arose including the Soviet Union, the United sates and 48 other countries that joined each other to prevent aggression. An organization that consisted of about 11 leaders and the rest being members was created and named the security council.

The Nuremberg Trials, which took place in Germany, put criminals on trial. About 22 Nazi leaders were charged with crimes such waging a war of aggression and only 7 of them were sentenced to death.

After Japan suffered major destruction with the loss of about two  million people they surrendered to General Douglas MacArthur. MacArthur took hold of Japan and made changes in army and turned it into a democratization nation in which farmers gained independence and higher wages.

The Marshall plan arose in 1948 in which The U.S provided aid for European countries for benefit of strengthening and recovering their regions. During this time The U.S had yet another conflict with the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union held on to Berlin and limited many of there privileges causing hunger.

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights set basic rights for all nations to commit to. The fourth conference in Beijing stated that Women would be protected from any aggression and provided them with the same rights as men as well as education rights.

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Axis powers: Japan
Minor Axis power: Thailand (Siam)
Allied Powers: USA, and China
Minor Allied Power: Australia

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Axis powers: Germany and Italy
Minor Axis Powers: Romania and Bulgaria.

Allied Powers: France, Soviet Union, Great Britain, and Poland

Finland: They sided with the Axis in the beginning to Win back territory from the Soviet Union in the Winter War but they later switched sides to fight the Axis at the end of WW2.

(continued on map of Pacific)

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The Treaty of Versailles was a treaty between Germany and the allies powers, Britain and France. a goal was to maintain peace within nations called League of Nations. Te Treaty caused Germany to lose a substantial amount of territory and parts of Africa that they governed. The outcome of this treaty left many to feel bitterness and unfair judgement. The Ottoman Turks were forced to give up their land to allied powers. The U.S rejected the Treaty of Versailles in order to maintain their peace without conflict.

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Central powers: Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire, Germany, Bulgaria
Allied powers: Britain, France, Russia, Italy, and the USA

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WW1: The assassination of Archduke Ferdinand lead to Austria  declaring war against Serbia due to the fact that the person who killed him was from the Black Band. The Black Band was a secret society committed to ridding Bosnia of Austrian rule. An ally of Serbia, with its largely Slavic population, Russia ordered the mobilization of troops toward the Austrian border. The British foreign minister, Italian government, and Kaiser Wilhelm urged Austria and Russia to negotiate, but to no avail.

WW2: Despite signing nonaggression pact, Adolf Hitler still decided to conquer Poland. This attack occurred on September 1, 1939 with German tanks and troop trucks rumbling across the Polish border. Along with the invasion in Poland, Germany also bombed Poland's capital, showing no mercy. In the end, France and Great Britain declared war on Germany on September 3rd.

WW2: The Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor. As a result, 19 ships were sunk or damaged, more than 2,300 Americans were killed, and 1,100 were wounded. Furthermore, this action of Japan resulted in congress accepting president Roosevelt's request for a declaration of war on Japan and its allies. In addition, Japan launched raids on the British colony of Hong Kong and American-controlled Guam and Wake Island, along with the invasion force in Thailand. The Japanese had come as conquerors and often treated the people of their new colonies with extreme cruelty.

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Nationalism: Intense loyalty and pride to ones nation.
Nationalism in both wars caused intense competitions among nations with each seeking to overpower one another.
WW1: A rivalry had developed among Europe's Great Powers those nation were Germany, Austria-Hungary, Great Britain, Russia, Italy, and France.This increasing rivalry began because of competition for materials, markets, and territorial disputes.
WW2: Nationalism was taken very seriously by the Germans especially the Nazi party. When Hitler came into power while Germany was basically in a depression all they wanted was more land and power. This nationalism led to militarism which contributed to the war.

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Consequences                    Total War/Homefront (R.M.)

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Consequences                    Total War/Homefront (R.M.)

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What factors were necessary for the allies to win... both times?

Total War: When countries devote all of their resources in it's entirety toward war efforts.

WWI: One factor that contributed to the victory for the allies is the concept of "rationing" and using most resources towards war efforts.
- Propaganda, one-sided information that keep people dedicated to the war effort.
- Women working towards war efforts. Building tanks and munitions, plowed clothing, paved streets and ran hospitals.

WWII:
- Civilians joined the war effort, they were considered the "home front"
- Contributed to the resources and equipment given to war efforts
- More severe rationing
- Prejudice against Japanese Americans
- Created camps to hide away Japanese American families.

Interwar - What new rights/freedoms did women gain?
Women were allowed new parts to play in their lives, specifically during the Women's Suffrage Movement. One aspect of this freedom was in the right to vote. They earned this right as a reward for their war efforts.
Women also rebelled against old traditions in both restrictive clothing and ideas. Many women spoke publicly about the oppression they suffered, often risking arrest. By doing so, many earned new privileges such as new careers (medicine, education, journalism, etc.)

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Evaluate the similarities and differences in tactics and weapons in WW1 and WW2

WW1:
Tactics: They used trench warfare and barbed wire as defense.  People would be in trenches facing each other fighting with the constant threat of artillery shells landing.The trenches themselves had their own risks including the risk of catching disease and many rodents that lingered in the trenches. They also went into tunneled into enemy trenches to plant explosives.

Weapons: Some of the most deadly weapons were the Maxim machine gun, Mobile artillery like the Big Bertha, The Fokker Triplaine, Mark V tank, U-boats, and different types of gasses like mustard gas. They also used mortars, flamethrowers, barbed wire as defense, and rifles such as the Mosin Nagant and the Lee Enfield. Aerial machine guns like the Lewis Gun. There were also uses of grenades.

WW2:
Tactics: Blitzkrieg (lightening warfare). This was first executed by General Guderian of the German army. This consisted of heavy armored troops attacking quickly with air support. This was effective because it easily disorganized the opponent from the constant gunfire and air support. There was many Kamikaze bombings used by the Japanese which they would suicide bomb their plane into things such as bases and carriers.

Weapons: They used many Anti Aircraft guns like the flak 88, they used many tanks that were deadlier like the Tiger and Sherman. They also used carriers and many planes like Ki-84 and the Stuka. There were many navel battlers in the pacific with U-boats, Destroyers, and Carriers. They also used the Atom bomb twice which ended WW2. Some powerful guns would be the Mg-42 (Hitlers Buzzsaw), M1 Garand, STEN, Bren, Mp-40 and PPSH-41. They used grenades, bouncing betty's, At Mines, Anti-tank guns such as the Panzerschreck.

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WWII: The influenza epidemic was more destructive than the actual war had. The influenza epidemic killed about 20 million people world wide. it was even worse because no one knew what it once since it had been transferred here by the Spanish.

WWII:  The Europeans were affected by the war because they sent all there well able men to fight in the war. Therefore leaving behind only the women and children to tend for their crops. Leaving them to run the crops was wrong because they hadn't had to tend to them before so many died from famine because the crops weren't being grown properly.

WWII:  The United States was affected by the war by putting them in debt. They were in debt because of the war costs and the devastation. The war costed the united states 4 trillion dollars in today money. through the war the united states proved to other neighboring states that they were not a force to be wrecked with.

Compared to the Armenian Genocide of WWI the Jewish Genocide of WWII is the astonishing number of deaths. There is an astonishing gap between the number of deaths for the Armenian there were approximately 500,000 dead compared to the astonishing 6 million Jews that died during the holocaust. Though in two separate time periods they both genocides have some similarities such as how they both started because both of them were minorities and were thought to pose a threat to their government.