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Charles Darwin came up with the Decent with modification theory.

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Dahpne Major is the island the Finches were observed on.

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The drought cause the Finches main food source which was the Portucala plants population decrease to 0. This caused the finches to have no source of food.

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Because the Finches beaks had adapted to be long and thin to break the portucala plants they couldnt get into the tougher tribulus plant which was the only source of food for the Finches.

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Because the Finches couldnt break the Tribulus plant they adapted and natural selection allowed only the birds with larger beaks to get food and survive. Because of this only the Finches with large beaks could mate making the large beak trait more common.

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The drought caused the number of plants to decrease.

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Natural Selection causes the beak of the medium ground finch to increase in size on Daphne Major from’76 to ‘78.

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The small beaked finches died off because they couldn't eat the tribulus plants.

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The portucala p-lant was the Finches original food source that died out.

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Large beak traits were more common so the average size increased.

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The Tribulus plant is the plant the finches beaks had to adapt to so they could break it open for food.