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Download free from https://www.tes.com/teaching-resource/climate-change-and-the-greenhouse-effect-worksheet-6323513

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Source http://www.epa.ie/ghg/currentsituation/

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Match graphs with statements

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Evidence

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Climate Change: Vital Signs of the Planet

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The rate of change since the mid-20th century is unprecedented over millennia.

Earth's climate has changed throughout history. Just in the last 800,000 years, there have been eight cycles of ice ages and warmer periods, with the end of the last ice age about 11,700 years ago marking the beginning of the modern climate era - and of human civilization. Most of these climate changes are attributed to very small variations in Earth's orbit that change the amount of solar energy our planet receives.

This graph, based on the comparison of atmospheric samples contained in ice cores and more recent direct measurements, provides evidence that atmospheric CO2 has increased since the Industrial Revolution. (Credit: Luthi, D., et al.. 2008; Etheridge, D.M., et al. 2010; Vostok ice core data/J.R. Petit et al.; NOAA Mauna Loa CO2 record.) Find out more about ice cores (external site).

The current warming trend is different because it is clearly the result of human activities since the mid-1800s, and is proceeding at a rate not seen over many recent millennia. It is undeniable that human activities have produced the atmospheric gases that have trapped more of the Sun's energy in the Earth system. This extra energy has warmed the atmosphere, ocean, and land, and widespread and rapid changes in the atmosphere, ocean, cryosphere, and biosphere have occurred.

Do scientists agree on climate change?

Yes, the vast majority of actively publishing climate scientists - 97 percent - agree that humans are causing global warming and climate change.

detailed answer

Earth-orbiting satellites and new technologies have helped scientists see the big picture, collecting many different types of information about our planet and its climate all over the world. These data, collected over many years, reveal the signs and patterns of a changing climate.

Scientists demonstrated the heat-trapping nature of carbon dioxide and other gases in the mid-19th century. Many of the science instruments NASA uses to study our climate focus on how these gases affect the movement of infrared radiation through the atmosphere. From the measured impacts of increases in these gases, there is no question that increased greenhouse gas levels warm Earth in response.

"Scientific evidence for warming of the climate system is unequivocal."

- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Ice cores drawn from Greenland, Antarctica, and tropical mountain glaciers show that Earth's climate responds to changes in greenhouse gas levels. Ancient evidence can also be found in tree rings, ocean sediments, coral reefs, and layers of sedimentary rocks. This ancient, or paleoclimate, evidence reveals that current warming is occurring roughly 10 times faster than the average rate of warming after an ice age. Carbon dioxide from human activities is increasing about 250 times faster than it did from natural sources after the last Ice Age.

References

References
Header image shows clouds imitating mountains as the sun sets after midnight as seen from Denali's backcountry Unit 13 on June 14, 2019. Credit: NPS/Emily Mesner

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Climate Change Evidence: How Do We Know?

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Vital Signs of the Planet: Global Climate Change and Global Warming. How do we know it's happening? Here's the evidence.

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There is mounting evidence that Earth's climate is changing. Still, there are so many different ideas and opinions on the issue that we don't always know how to talk about it.

We do know that patterns of extreme weather, pollution, and the availability of natural resources are linked to climate change. But how? What role do we have in that? Better understanding of the science behind the rise in global temperatures can help us talk about our changing climate and take action. With a sound understanding, we can begin to think critically about the historical causes and-most importantly-make informed decisions about solutions for the future.

Here are 12 videos to help introduce the complex science of climate change to your students.

What is climate change?

Climate Change 101, with Bill Nye, explains the rise in global temperatures since the industrial revolution. Bill Nye describes the science behind greenhouse gases and the implications of a changing climate on both our natural world and built environment. He also provides a few suggestions for how we can all be a part of the solution. (Length: 4:09)

To better understand climate change, imagine a game of Tetris. Climate Change: Earth's Giant Game of Tetris is a video that does just that. Using this analogy, you'll learn about the carbon cycle, the greenhouse effect, and the environmental impacts of burning fossil fuels. (Length: 2:48)

What is the carbon cycle and why does it matter?

What's the Deal with Carbon explains the carbon cycle. Developed by the University of Minnesota Bell Museum of Natural History and the Center for Sustainable Building Research, this animated video describes what carbon is, how it interacts in nature, and where it is stored. Viewers will also learn about the role of human activity in the carbon cycle and the links between the production of carbon emissions and climate change. (Length: 3:03)

Exploring the Carbon Cycle dives deeper into the science behind the unique element that is carbon, which is essential to all living things and is often called the building block of life. This video defines important terms such as carbon pool and carbon flux, while also detailing carbon's movement through photosynthesis and respiration. The video is highlighted in Activity 7 -Carbon on the Move in PLT's Southeastern Forest and Climate Change curriculum designed to help high school students learn about the impacts of climate change on forests and carbon sequestration. (Length: 3:10)

Want more resources for a lesson on the carbon cycle? Download a free Carbon in Action worksheet.

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What is climate science?

Brought to you by PBS's "It's Okay to Be Smart" with Joe Hanson, Climate Science: What You Need to Know provides 24 quick facts on how and why global temperatures are rising, where we see some of the most extreme changes, and how species are being impacted. (Length: 6:19)

Developed by Planet Nutshell, Climate Science in a Nutshell: #4 Too Much Carbon Dioxide explains the relationship between carbon dioxide and the increase in global temperatures. This video describes the ways in which carbon dioxide and global temperatures are connected and explains how excess amounts of carbon prevent heat from escaping the atmosphere, causing a greenhouse effect. (Length: 2:44)

Does 2°C really make a difference?

Learn more about what the 2°C increase in global temperature really means with What Happens if Earth Gets 2°C Warmer? from Popular Science. The video describes the Paris Agreement within the United Nations, a strategy designed to keep the average global temperature from rising 2°C above pre-industrial levels. It explores the history and significance of this 2°C benchmark, as well as the data surrounding patterns of extreme weather due to increases in global temperatures. (Length: 4:59)

What are some effects of a changing climate and how will we adapt?

Modeling Climate and Tree Growth presents a model for measuring the impact of climate change on tree growth. Learn how scientists make predictions of tree growth in the future and suggest how forest landowners might adapt to changes in climate. (Length: 2:14)

Developed by the Consortium for Research on Renewable Industrial Materials, Cut Trees to Save the Environment-Who Knew? describes how trees capture and store carbon. It explains how forestry plays an important role in reducing carbon emissions for the long term. Viewers learn about why wood is a sustainable, renewable resource. (Length: 3:05)

What can teachers and students do to help?

The Nature Conservancy explains some of the natural solutions that can help slow climate changes, with Natural Climate Solutions. This video details some of the lesser appreciated natural climate solutions, such as the ability of wetlands and grasslands to absorb and store large amounts of carbon. (Length: 4:05)

Solutions to climate change require innovation and these kids have some ideas for that! In this video, Kids Describe S olutions to Global Warming, students describe various visions for a sustainable future: cars with solar panels, factories run by renewable energy, and inventions for disaster relief. (Length: 7:24)

Did you know that just one kid has the power to make a difference and help stop climate change? Get inspired with I'm only a kid, I can't do anything about climate change.... right? from Global Weirding with Katharine Hayhoe. Dr. Hayhoe shares stories of kids across the country making an impact on climate change and encourages students with suggestions on how to use their strengths to make a difference. (Length: 6:58)

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12 Videos to Introduce Climate Change to Middle School Students

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Climate change is having a profound effect on the environment. Videos are a great way to introduce some of the complex topics associated with climate change.