# data[].attributes.body
In the tragedy, Macbeth by Shakespeare, Lady Macbeth commits suicide, which leads to a torn and overwhelmed Macbeth. Macbeth hears about Lady Macbeth’s death through Seyton’s cold words, “It is the cry of women, my good lord. / The queen, my lord, is dead.” (5.5.9, 16) Seyton told Macbeth the predestined truth about his wife’s death. Seyton consoled Macbeth as he listened to Seyton’s earth-shattering news. Macbeth is taken aback at the announcement of his wife’s death and gives the audience a soliloquy. He says that “she should have died hereafter; / There would have been a time for such a word. / Out, out brief candle” (5.5.17-18, 22) Macbeth wishes he had time to mourn the queen’s death. Since there is a battle happening, he must stand his guard and fight, otherwise he, and everyone else, will go down and die. Macbeth does not want to grieve for his wife in this moment because it will make him weak, and him not having the time to grieve, hurts him deeply. In the comment about the candle, he’s talking about Lady Macbeth’s life. Her life went out like a candle, it was done quickly, and with no warning. He greatly cared for Lady Macbeth and does not understand how she could not only kill herself but do it at a time like this; he needed her now more than ever.

# data[].attributes.body
The end of Macbeth is different to the beginning because of the uplifting monologue Malcom delivers. Malcom promises, “We shall not spend a large expense of time/ Before we reckon with your several loves/ And makes us even with you…What’s more to do/ Which would be planted newly the with the time” (5.9. 27-32). Malcom is saying that they shouldn’t waste time to figure out how to make each other even. He also states that peace will come with time. In the beginning of Macbeth, the mood is dark and ominous, describing the weather as thundering. That could symbolize all the unrest that is to come for Scotland’s future.

# data[].attributes.body
Fearing Banquo’s fate of fathering future kings, Macbeth becomes more paranoid and ruthless when he summons murderers to plot the assassination of Banquo. Macbeth’s paranoia begins to emerge as he realizes, “For them, the gracious Duncan have I murdered / To make them kings, the seeds of Banquo kings” (3.1.67,71). Macbeth realizes that Banquo is destined to have children who will have the throne, and all evils that he and his wife have committed awarded them nothing significant enough to make up for their sins. His guilt torments him to the point of eventual madness and he finds himself terrified of losing his crown. As Macbeth struggles to identify a solution to his fears, he summons the murderers and manipulates them into believing that Banquo is the source of their shortcomings in life. Drawing out their rage further, Macbeth asks them, “Are you so gospelled, to / pray for this good man and for his issue, whose heavy hand / hath bowed you to the grave and beggared yours forever?” (3.1.87-89). As he sends the murderers to Banquo, Macbeth ironically challenges their courage, similarly to Lady Macbeth’s challenging of his courage and masculinity. From this, the murderers go on to kill Banquo, showing Macbeth’s changing role from the lackey to the strategist and mastermind of the cause. Beginning as easily influenceable and changing into a paranoid, anxious, and manipulative strategist, Macbeth illustrates the effect of high-pressure situations on a person’s thought process.

# data[].attributes.body
In Macbeth’s soliloquy, he admits to his fear of Banquo as a threat because Banquo poses certain qualities and future heirs that could make him a potential threat to Macbeth’s throne. As Macbeth waits for the Murders to arrive, he continues, “Our fears in Banquo/Stick deep, and in his royalty of nature/Reigns that which would be feared. 'Tis much he dares, /And to that dauntless temper of his mind/ He hath a wisdom that doth guide his valor” (3.1.50-54). Macbeth’s characterization of Banquo allows the audience to not only depict what type of person Banquo was but also see how Macbeth secretly envied him and his future. Macbeths jealously ultimately cuts Banquo’s life short, but it would not go overlooked for long. As Macbeth goes on, he states, “For Banquo’s issue have I filed my mind;/For them the gracious Duncan have I murdered, /Put rancours in the vessel of my peace/Only for them; and mine eternal jewel/Given to the common enemy of man, /To make them kings, the seed of Banquo kings!” (3.1.66-71). Macbeth’s role in the situation plays a huge involvement in Banquo growing closer as the king. Through Macbeth’s description the audience can see Macbeth’s frustration and willingness to stop anyone in the way of the throne. Overall, Macbeth express his overall fear of Banquo’s qualities and future.

# data[].attributes.body
In act four scene two, Macbeth threatens Macduff and his entire family causing the audience to feel that Macbeth has no remorse and will do anything for power. Macbeth’s threat approaches and Lady Macbeth and she is warned ahead of time, so that she may retain safety. “To fright you thus, methinks I am too savage; / To do worse you were fell cruelty, / Which is too nigh your person. Heaven preserve you, / I dare abide no longer” (4.2.67-70). This shows that Macbeth is serious about killing anything in his way. Which means he is willing to kill Macduff’s wife and child in order to gain the power he wishes to have. Macbeth’s strong desire for power drives him to kill anything that comes in his way, even the child of Macduff. “He has killed me, mother, / Run away, I pray you!” (4.2.82-82). This scene signifies that Macbeth is worse than evil and contains no remorse. The audience is then immediately filled with a feeling of shock and sadness. Overall, act four scene two is meant to show that Macbeth is evil and a horrible person. He will do anything in his power to get what he wants. This causes the audience to gain anger and disappointment in Macbeth’s selfish actions.

# data[].attributes.body
After seeing the four apparitions, Macbeth resolves to kill Macduff’s wife and children. The witches tell Macbeth to “beware Macduff. Beware the Thane of Fife” (4.1.75) but that nobody born from a woman will ever harm Macbeth. (4.1.82-83). After hearing this news from the witches Macbeth realizes Macduff will not be able to cause him harm. He will let Macduff live, but harm the ones he loves the most. “The castle of Macduff I will surprise, /Seize upon Fife, give to th' edge o' th' sword/ His wife, his babes, and all unfortunate souls.” (4.1.156-158). Since the apparitions informed Macbeth to beware Macduff, he clings to violence as the only answer and solution. Macbeth decides to raid Macduff’s castle, kill Lady Macduff, and her children. Overall this moment portrays Macbeth as a power hungry tyrant who turns to the darkest forms of violence to achieve his selfish goals.

# data[].attributes.body
In Banquo’s soliloquy, he expresses his suspicions of Macbeth after every prophecy of his has come true; Banquo also expresses his hopes for his prophecy to come true as well. After seeing how everything is going well for Macbeth, Banquo hisses, “Thou has it now, King, Cawdor, Glamis, all, / as the weïrd women promised” (3.1 1-2). Banquo is suspicious of how all the prophecies the witches gave Macbeth are coming true quickly. Banquo believes that his prophecies might come true as he cries out, “But myself should be the root and father / of many Kings. If there come truth from them / As upon thee’’ (3.1 5-6). Banquo now believes that since all of Macbeth’s prophecies are coming true, his prophecies will come true as well. Overall, Banquo is very suspicious of Macbeth, and has hope for his prophecies to come true as well.

# data[].attributes.body
Hecate is the head or “queen” of the witches, and she is angry because she was not invited to talk to Macbeth with the other witches and has plans to ruin Macbeth’s life. Hecate decides she will meet Macbeth in the morning as she informs the other witches that she will show Macbeth “artificial sprites / As by the strength of their illusion / Shall draw him onto his confusion” (3.5.27-29). This quote illustrates part of Hecate’s plan to ruin Macbeth’s life. She is explaining to the other witches that she will confuse him with false spirits. Hecate then goes on to explain that in this meeting she will make Macbeth “spurn fate, scorn death, and bear / His hopes ‘bove wisdom, grace, and fear. / And you all know, security / Is mortals’ chiefest enemy” (3.5.30-33). Hecate is describing the other part of her plan, blinding Macbeth with confidence. She states that she will make Macbeth think he has everything, which causes him to become overly prideful and sabotage himself. In the beginning of Act 3 Scene 5, Hecate’s anger is apparent through her aggressive tone and plan to ruin Macbeth’s life with confusion and false hope.

# data[].attributes.body
During a banquet Macbeth hosts, he is visited by the ghost of Banquo, an old friend previously murdered due to Macbeth’s plans. As the ghost approaches, Macbeth cries out, “Here had we now our country’s honour roofed, / Were the graced person of our Banquo present, / Who may I rather challenge for unkindness / Than pity for mischance.” The ghost of Banquo symbolizes his guilt over the death of his friend. Macbeth is greatly disturbed by the uninvited guest and has a momentary fit. As Macbeth discusses the table’s guests with Lennox, he reveals his hallucinations. Macbeth claims the table is full, due to the ghost’s presence. He exclaims, “Thou canst not say I did it; never shake / Thy gory locks at me!” Macbeth’s sanity slowly wades as he speaks to Banquo’s ghost. His guilt over the previous events drives him to psychosis. Overall, this moment shows Macbeth’s guilt over the uninvited dinner guest as he hallucinates Banquo and loses touch with reality.

# data[].attributes.body
When Banquo is attacked by the murderers, he warns his son Fleance to escape. The murderers are not only after Banquo, but also after Fleance. Banquo cries out, “Fly, good Fleance, fly, fly, fly!” (3.3.20). This quote is showing the significance of Banquo looking out for his son, Fleance and saving him from getting murdered. Also, the murderers’ torch went out which was their only source of light. Without being able to see much, the murderers did not catch Fleance escaping. Once the murderers notice that Fleance is missing, they express, “There’s but one down; the son is fled. / We have lost best half of our affair” (3.3.23-24). Fleance is their main target because Macbeth does not want Banquo’s kids to have control at becoming King. The murderers are not successful at what Macbeth sends them to accomplish. Overall, this scene creates a problem for Macbeth since he had sent the murderers to kill Banquo and most importantly Fleance.

# data[].attributes.body
After receiving word about his son and his wife’s death, Macduff decides to kill Macbeth. Malcolm suggests to Macduff, that he take his emotions and use them in a more productive way. Malcolm explains this by saying, “Be this the whetstone of your sword, let grief / Convert to anger. Blunt not the heart, enrage it” (4. 3. 231 – 232). Malcolm is helpful to Macduff and explains to him how to use his anger and grief to fuel his revenge. Malcolm tells Macduff to let his anger and grief to turn into revenge. Macduff decides to listen to Malcolm and use his emotions to get revenge on Macbeth. Malcolm tries to help Macduff and gives him advice of what he should do. Malcolm explains, “Be comforted. Let’s make us med’cines of our great revenge / To cure this deadly grief.” (4. 3. 215 – 217.) Macduff decides to go after Macbeth, using his grief to power him. Macduff sharpens his anger and turns it into a way to get revenge for his family’s murder. By using the power of grief and anger, Macduff is able to kill Macbeth and get revenge for his family’s death.

# data[].attributes.body
Macduff wants to kill Macbeth out of revenge. Macbeth kills Macduff’s wife and children. Moments after murder, Macduff screams “My wife and children’s ghosts will haunt me still” (5.7.17). Macduff is left alone which makes him want revenge with Macbeth.  Macbeth’s passion to become king took over and ruined many people’s families which is why Macduff wants revenge. Killing Macduff’s loved ones to become king would not only ruin Macbeth’s life in the future but also Macbeth’s wife who committed suicide. Macduff wants to make Macbeth pay for all his crimes and violence he has caused. Revenge was Macduff’s way to get back at Macbeth for ruining his family. Macduff wants to take away the crown and kill Macbeth, which was the one thing he wanted, to become king. Macduff wants to get back at Macbeth for everything he has done to his family.

# data[].attributes.body
The first apparition that is presented to Macbeth shows an armed warrior. The first apparition says, “Macbeth, Macbeth, Macbeth: beware of Macduff / Beware the Thane of Fife. Dismiss me. Enough” (4.1.70-71). The armed warrior exemplifies the army that Macduff has requested to go after Macbeth. The apparition tells Macbeth to beware of Macduff because in the end, he will be the one to kill Macbeth. Macbeth responds to this apparition by impulsively saying, “The castle of Macduff I will surprise; / Seize upon Fife; give to th’edge o’th’sword / His wife, his babies, and all unfortunate souls” (4.1.149-151). After hearing that Macbeth should beware of Macduff, he decides he will kill his family. This shows that Macbeth is beginning to get comfortable in his murderous ways. Macbeth is speaking out of impulse because killing someone’s family is heartless. In conclusion, the first apparition was to warn Macbeth that Macduff is getting an army to kill Macbeth and in response Macbeth decides to go and kill Macduff’s wife and children.