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Proposing a topic is the general idea of what a researcher will be exploring via the research they develop.

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2. Devise a research question/ hypothesis 

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2. Devise a research question/ hypothesis 

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Research questions are a topic which you are trying to answer, i.e. "is there a difference in physical health in ethnic minority groups?". Research hypothesis are predictions which will either prove or disprove research. For example "Ethnic minority groups have bad physical health compared to white British".

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This is when you research previous sources on your chosen subject. For example, looking at recent documents to develop your own research on childhood smoking.

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This is when you identify what approach you are going to use in your research topic, i.e. inductive or deductive research. Once this is decided, you will design your project alongside this decision.

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This is when you select a method which ensures reliability and validity. Selecting appropriate methodology makes sure you choose the right option for your research and clearly identifies ways you will reduce bias, obtain informed consent and be ethical.

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This is when you choose what tool you will be using to develop your research. This may be interviews, questionnaires, group talks or focus talk about a chosen topic. Research tools must be appropriate for your theme. For example, a questionnaire on if you have smoked before will be useful compared to a group talk where individuals may give the wrong answer.

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Devising an instrument is when you create your tool. For example, writing a questionnaire or developing a script for a group discussion.

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This is when you actually carry our your research. This may be giving your peers the questionnaires you want they to fill out. When you carry out research, you must decide when you are going to gather back your evidence, such as giving your peers a deadline for when the questionnaire is due.

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Collecting the data is when you gather all of your evidence. Researchers must decide how they are going to get their research back once they send it out.

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Analysing the data is when you look at the data you have developed and dive deeper into exploring and understanding it. Analysing data means you are managing it.

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Reporting research is presenting the data in a more simple way. This helps us to understand and access it better. For example, researchers may develop bar graphs or pie charts to report their findings.

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This is when we discuss what results we found in our research. through pie charts and bar graphs. We discuss our research so that we can gather a better understanding of what we have found.

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A conclusion is what we finish on. This is when we summarise what we have found through our research and decide whether it agrees or disagrees with the hypothesis we developed at the start of our project.

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Making recommendations is when we decide what more can be done within our research project. For example, we make suggestions for the government or future research based on the data we have found ourselves.