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1. “The Togetherness Principle, Kant’s Conceptualism, and Kant’s Non-Conceptualism.” Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Stanford University, plato.stanford.edu/entries/kant-judgment/supplement1.html.
2. “ON THE OPPOSITION BETWEEN MORALITY AND POLITICS WITH RESPECT TO PERPETUAL PEACE.” Immanuel Kant: Perpetual Peace: Appendix I, constitution.org/kant/append1.htm.
3. Enlightened Independence and the Origins of its American Radicalization www.americansc.org.uk/Online/Online_2013/Exceptionalism.html

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Kant's influence in the formation of America as a fledgling nation was evident mostly in the freedoms that were endowed upon the citizens and the people of the country. Kant stressed the value of personal freedom in many of his works, and there is no doubt that this weighed heavily on the ideas of the founding fathers. His imprint might be most notable in the first amendment, which begins “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof”. Kant made religion and his beliefs about it a focal point of his enlightenment thinking. In addition, the first amendment protects free speech and freedom of expression, which was another subject Kant was passionate about, saying in his 1781 work Critique of Pure Reason that “[it is imperative that people have] freedom to make public use of one’s reason in all matters”. Immanuel Kant is one of the most important philosophers of the enlightenment era, and his work resounded heavily in the minds of the founders of America.

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In his 1781 writing Critique of Pure Reason, Kant expresses his belief that our perception of the external world and the actual reality of the external world differ.  He distinguishes between analytic propositions and synthetic propositions. These differ in that analytic propositions are true because of the meaning of the proposition; synthetic propositions rely on external information not included to be true. Examples of analytic statements are "A circle is round" or "Children are young", and examples of synthetic statements are "A circle is blue" or "Children wear hats".

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Kant discussed his beliefs on anthropology for over twenty years of his life. In his 1789 work Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View, Kant analyzed the nature of the Hippocrates-Galen four temperaments, and the two dimensions of 'activation' and 'emotional orientation'. He famously approached anthropology in two categories: as a physiological subject and a pragmatic subject.

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Kant expressed his political ideas in his 1795 work Perpetual Peace: A Philosophical Sketch. They can be summarized as an affinity for republican government where the populous is represented by officials. Kant opposed direct democracy, pointing out that it overrides individual freedom and choice with this idea of 'all', which he criticized specifically.

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This internet meme combines the lyrics from MC Hammer's "Can't Touch This" with Kant's name.

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Kant discussed his views on aesthetic philosophy at many points in his life, and was one of the first philosophers to express opinions on the subject. In his 1764 Observations on the Feeling of the Beautiful and Sublime and later in his 1790 Critique of Judgement, Kant expresses his belief that beauty was subjective to the beholder, rather than an objective quality of a work. Finding something as beautiful is to express a conscious pleasure of it.

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In his 1785 work Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals, Kant argues his famous 'Categorical Imperative'. As this theory goes, the single moral obligation that people have is in the intention of their actions, not the consequences. If good works are done for impure intentions, that is wrong. If bad works are done for pure intentions, the perpetrator is not at fault. According to Kant, our one moral imperative is to act with a pure motive.

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Located in Kaliningrad, Russia

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Portrait by Johann Gottlieb Becker, 1768