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This is an example of how you should set up your Padlet posts:
To for the first week only, type your name in this box. I will then be able to name the appropriate column with your name (e.g. replace 'student 1/2/3 etc.' with the correct names.
After your name, you will need to provide the name of the week you are posting about (e.g. Week 1) and then a link to the news report
with your commentary (e.g. what are the 'main points' and what did you learn?).
Be sure to write in your own words and provide a thoughtful, personal,
reflection of what you learned. Each post should be at least 100 words.
Important: you will always
post to the same column each week (identified by your name)

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This article is about Langara Students collaborating with students at a university in Argentina, via a virtual exchange experience known as 'COIL-VE'. I learned that it is possible for Langara students to work with other students on the other side of the Americas,  and participate on assignments together via the internet. It shows how technology is changing the way we connect with others, but it also reminds us that we are becoming increasingly dependent on/ forced to use technology (what do we do about people/ cultures that prefer not to communicate via technology?). Overall, I think COIL-VE will be great for increasing awareness of other cultures, and allow students to meet/work with others without the cost barriers of international travel. I'd like to introduce this into my own courses!

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Vancouver, BC - Social distancing and COVID-19 haven't prevented students at Langara College from collaborating with their peers at Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento (UNGS) in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Langara is introducing cutting-edge pedagogy by supporting faculty to introduce Collaborative Online Intercultural Learning - Virtual Exchange (COIL-VE) to the classroom.

Under the tutelage of Langara's Latin American Studies instructor Jessie Smith and Antonella Romiti (UNGS), students in Latin American Cultural Perspectives created photo galleries that reflect on interculturalism and art for social change from a gender perspective.

The student projects are:

Femicides in the Americas: how media coverage of femicide shields the aggressors

Abortion in Canada and Argentina: a photo-gallery comparison about abortion rights in Argentina and Canada

LGTBIQ Rights in Canada and Argentina

Indigenous Women Under Attack in the Americas

Me Too/Ni Una Menos: how the Me Too movement has involved in each country

Musicians for Change: Women Rising

"This was an exciting opportunity for Langara's students to interact with and exchange mutual ideas with their peers from Argentina," said Smith. "Their final projects exhibited insight and creativity that far exceeded our expectations. It was a joy to collaborate on this creative project with Antonella, my counter-part in Argentina."

COIL-VE intentionally fosters the development of the intercultural competencies that are needed for success in today's world and work force. Student groups from two or more institutions work together virtually to complete a project.

"This experience has been absolutely mesmerizing and new to me," said Sole Castenada, a Langara student taking Latin America Studies. "I feel so privileged to be able to be a part of such an innovative learning process where multiple cultures have the opportunity to mesh into one virtual dimension of academic nurturing and creative collaboration."

Langara's Centre for Intercultural Engagement (CIE) has developed a COIL-VE Community of Practice to support Langara Fellows engaged in virtual exchange. CIE additionally offers COIL-VE workshop training sessions to Faculty partners from external institutions to support development of joint virtual student learning projects. Following these workshops participants become part of the Langara COIL-VE Community of Practice, gaining access to discussions, peers, and resources.

"Virtual learning is a relatively new program at Langara which started in 2019 with the objective of helping students gain intercultural and global competencies. We're encouraged by the results we've seen from the first couple of projects," said Natasha Mrkic-Subotic, Intercultural Engagement Consultant, Langara College. "Given the challenges with in-classroom learning we're facing, this delivery method is an ideal way to engage our students and build relationships nationally and around the world."
More about COIL-VE
Collaborative Online Intercultural Learning, also called Virtual Exchange, is a method for connecting faculty and their students with peers in other countries via the internet. The model involves in-depth cooperation between paired faculty co-designing parts of courses (to entire courses) and students collaborating in small groups to complete shared projects. COIL-VE produces meaningful, authentic intercultural experiences for faculty and students without the cost and extensive time away from home. For students, COIL-VE increases interest in study abroad. For faculty, COIL-VE increases international faculty collaboration and future short-term exchanges.

About snəw̓eyəɬ leləm̓ Langara College
Located in beautiful Vancouver, B.C., Canada, snəw̓eyəɬ leləm̓ Langara College provides University, Career, and Continuing Studies education to more than 23,000 students annually. With more than 1,700 courses and 130 programs, Langara's expansive academic breadth and depth allows students of all ages, backgrounds, and life stages to choose their own educational path. Langara is also known as snəw̓eyəɬ leləm̓, a name given to it by the Musqueam people on whose unceded traditional territory the College is located. Langara is celebrating its 49th year on West 49th Avenue with Beyond 49, an integrated celebration, alumni engagement, and fundraising campaign to reconnect with alumni, and raise funds for student support and important College initiatives.

Mark Dawson
Manager, Public Affairs
604.323.5702
mdawson@langara.ca

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Langara students collaborate online with Argentinian peers to explore social change

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Vancouver, BC - Social distancing and COVID-19 haven't prevented students at Langara College from collaborating with their peers at Universidad Nacional de General Sarmiento (UNGS) in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Langara is introducing cutting-edge pedagogy by supporting faculty to introduce Collaborative Online Intercultural Learning - Virtual Exchange (COIL-VE) to the classroom.

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Week 1:Afghans return to games, parks, weddings despite virus fears

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Week 1:Afghans return to games, parks, weddings despite virus fears

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Recently I've started to wonder How developing and war corroded countries in the middle east are handling the global pandemic (one of the reasons why I chose to be in this group). My mind lingers towards Afghanistan, a country that has faced economical and political instability for decades. How are they adapting to such a situation? The article I found discussing that the “government eases the lockdown it imposed to fight the coronavirus”(Rahim 2020) gave me a new clarity on my question. For a country like Afghanistan, it is a very crucial time, Afghanistan’s economy is not in a shape where it can remain frozen for long periods of times. I am assuming many have lost their livelihoods, in this regard the easing would be beneficial as they will have a chance to work again despite this the easing could prove to be a double-edged sword however as the number of cases is “likely far higher, and the depth of the tragedy is far greater than people understand”(Rahim 2020) proving that the lack of infrastructure is making the impression that the impact of the virus far less with a "recorded over 38,200 cases"(Rahim 2020) which is a lot lower than most developed countries. I have learned that for a country like Afghanistan, even if the high number of cases are recorded, it is simply not feasible for the country to be in total lockdown for a long while due to its economical situation. Additionally, the lack of infrastructure, technology (testing) makes it near impossible to understand the magnitude of the situation in an underdeveloped nation.

Source:
https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/coronavirus/afghans-return-to-games-parks-weddings-despite-virus-fears-1.5090624

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Parmeet Kaur Week 1: 'Honor' Killing in Pakistan 

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Parmeet Kaur Week 1: 'Honor' Killing in Pakistan 

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In Pakistani culture they hold great value to reputation.  They will go to any extent to secure their honor over controversy. Similarly, news was published by BBC talking about a eighteen year old girl that married her neighbor by her own will, and was looked down upon by her family. This was because in their culture girls have no choice when it comes to choosing their future, rather it be their spouse or their career.  In this news her father, brother, and uncle shot her twice, then threw her into a lake; considering her dead.

My opinion on this news is that reputation should not be held higher than ones happiness and future but it describe the culture of Pakistan related to their view about marriage.

Source:

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An 18-year old Pakistani woman has survived being shot by her family after she married her neighbour, police say.

Saba Maqsood was allegedly shot by her father, brother and uncle before being thrown into a canal.

She was saved by passers-by in the town of Hafizabad in Punjab province.

It follows the killing of Farzana Parveen by her family in Lahore last week. Hundreds of women and girls are killed by family members in Pakistan each year in disputes over "honour".

"It is an honour-related incident", police official Ali Akbar told Reuters.

"They took her to Hafizabad, shot her twice and threw her in the canal after putting her in a sack, presuming that she was dead," he said.

Police said that she had survived with injuries to her cheek and hand but was unconscious when she was thrown into the water.

Authorities later raided her father's home in the nearby city of Gujranwala but all the suspects had disappeared.

She had married her neighbour five days ago against the wishes of her family, police said.

Farzana Parveen was killed by her relatives last week because she married against their wishes.

Arranged marriages are widespread in Pakistan and to marry against the wishes of the family is unthinkable in many deeply conservative communities.

'Honour' killings in Pakistan
*In 2013, 869 women murdered in so called "honour killings" *Campaigners say real number is likely to be much higher *Of these, 359 were so called "Karo Kari" cases, whereby family members consider themselves authorised to kill offending relatives to restore honour *Rights groups say conviction rate in cases of sexual and other violence against women is "critically low" Source: Human Rights Commission of Pakistan annual report 2013

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An 18-year old Pakistani woman has survived being shot by her family after she married her neighbour, police say. Saba Maqsood was allegedly shot by her father, brother and uncle before being thrown into a canal. She was saved by passers-by in the town of Hafizabad in Punjab province.

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Week 1:Turkey is ranked as number 17 in the list of population according to the world counting as it contributes 1.08% total population .The numbers of the women and males in the population is not equivalent as the males are higher in the number.The males in the turkey considered to be as the main power holder since the earlier time as they went out for the businesses.The men  usually involves themselves in the field of the farmers as from the 1990s they contributes 15% to the national gross  from it and also total  exports.on other hand, the women also less in the number than the men and also less power holder as they are mostly indulged in household  chores such as taking care of children.
In the concept of clothes the population of  the men and women in turkey who lives in the high class adopted western clothes even attracts themselves towards the western music,language and literature.From the earlier time upper class supports the European language for the education where the middle one society chooses the Turkish language for the learning in the  educational institutes.In the last, it can be said that Turkish population is moving from traditional to the western.According to my viewpoint,this is fully explained above lines must be covers information regarding cultural anthropology.

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Week 1:-discrimination against women's in workforce

As per report provide by global gender gap in  2015 Iran comes under the last  five countries among world in gender equality as well as the economic participation of women's is very low  as only  17% of women's participate in labor workforce whereas over 50% of women's are university graduates.

As per the survey done in 2016 the female unemployment rate was increase by more than 5%  from last  decade which is nearly  20% while the men unemployment rate is below 10% . As per thoughts of people in Iran women's are only confined in the four walls of the house and taking care of their kids.

As per me time and tides wait for none as in future the gap between men and women at workplace extinct.
source: https://www.hrw.org/report/2017/05/25/its-mens-club/discrimination-against-women-irans-job-market

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Week 1:- Lady arrested for giving illegal birth to an infant in UAE(united Arab emirates.A  news heard from the city of UAE named Sharjah where the woman is arrested who was 30 years old  belonged from Ethiopia and worked illegally in the country and became pregnant. She was taken immediately to a hospital in her labour stage where she gave a birth to a baby boy  but when there was a time to registered for a marriage, it shows that she was not married. The hospital authority contacted the police because the hospital is not accepting the  pregnant woman if they are not married. The police arrested the women and throw her in a Sharjah prison after two weeks of giving birth to a baby for breaking  the law of a country. Her baby was also with her in the prison nursery and she was only allowed to feed her baby and noting else. She was taken to prison after two weeks because of the reason that she was in labour at the time of pregnancy so it was mandatory to admitted her in a hospital. Thus, giving a birth in an unmarried stage is being considered illegal in UAE  and the women committing this mistake will be deported or imprisoned.
The other law of the UAE is that we cannot live with each other if we are not married. It is also considered illegal in the country.

Source:-https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/woman-arrested-giving-birth-illegitimate-baby-uae-a7493016.htmlhttps://youtu.be/_cyFvGJjsWs

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week 1: As war rages in Syria, efforts are made to save culture.
In 2013,was in Syria caused loss of lives of many people and also liad a mass damage or destruction to the culture of Syria.Although,cultural leaders issued red list to protect cultural hesitage of Syria.In the same vein,UN security council called on to save Syria's rich society mosaic.
The cultural hesitage was just under threatened during amity.but the severe destruction takes place due to conflictions.
It not only lead to loss but also affecting the communities associated to it in psychologically manner and caused violence latently. The conflict has lead to thousands of death,millions of native were displaced and demonished the country's(Syria) cultural hesitage .I learnt that  a person can't remain alive without culture.

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Cultural Leaders Issue Red List to Save Syria's Cultural Heritage

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Yemen has been going through one of the worst humanitarian crises the world has ever seen since the civil war broke out in the country around 2014.  as much as 80% of the population have had very little access to basic necessities such as food and water. with that already being a reason for their struggle, the Pandemic hasn't made anything any easier for them.

Looking at this information, I find it rather surprising how these people are going through so much without much coverage being on the news. for a nation to be enduring a pandemic and a famine at the same time says a lot about the kind of resilience they have embedded in their culture.

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Yemen was facing the worst humanitarian crisis in the world prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Now the United Nations is calling for financial support to protect the Yemeni people from this multifaceted emergency. You can join us in taking action on related issues here.
The threat posed by the coronavirus isn't enough to keep people in Yemen from social distancing at all times. That's because every day is a struggle to get food and water.

More than 20 million people in the country, roughly 80% of its population, have a hard time getting enough food and water to survive, while 40% of the population could face an acute food crisis by the end of the year, exposing them to the dire complications of malnutrition, according to the humanitarian nonprofit CARE.

The years-long war engulfing Yemen had already created the worst humanitarian crisis in the world before the COVID-19 pandemic arrived. Now, Yemen has a higher death rate from COVID-19 than the rest of the world because of a lack of health care facilities, workers, and supplies. This vicious cycle of the pandemic exacerbating existing humanitarian problems could intensify in the months ahead.

"We're talking about a population that has had to endure six years of constant war, fighting and air strikes, and displacement," Aaron Brent, CARE's country director for Yemen, told Global Citizen. "The resulting food insecurity situation is reaching famine-like conditions. Added onto that, there's a completely destroyed economy and disease outbreaks. COVID is coming on top of all these things. It's another threat that the Yemeni people face."

Yemen is an arid, mountainous country that has always been a net-importer of food, Brent said. Once the civil war began escalating in 2014, food production within the country further plunged and importing food became harder.

As a result, hunger rates immediately skyrocketed.

The situation has deteriorated every year since as bombs from a coalition led by Saudi Arabia destroy more roads, bridges, ports, hospitals, schools, water wells, and more.

Getting food to desperate communities is extremely challenging, Brent said. Under the guidance of the United Nations, organizations like CARE deliver emergency food aid and cash assistance to families. But transportation delays, disputes over territory, and a general lack of humanitarian funding has made it hard to meet the demand.

"Compared to last year, food imports are 20% down, and domestic food production has not increased," Brent said. "The reason they're down is because we think there is basically less foreign currency reserves to bring that food in, which is related to the collapsing Yemeni rial and the collapse of the Yemeni economy."

By the end of the year, more than 2.4 million children could experience malnutrition, according to UNICEF. Malnutrition is when the body experiences a chronic lack of nutrients necessary for survival. In children, it can lead to wasting and irreversibly stunted physical and cognitive development.

"At a minimum, we can expect many more people to starve to death and to succumb to COVID-19 and to die of cholera and to watch their children die because they are not immunized for killer diseases," Mark Lowcock, the UN's humanitarian chief, said in a statement.

It's not just food that has become a scarce resource. Water has also become increasingly hard to come by.

"I've seen villages where you have to walk one to two hours to get water, and of course this is often done by women and children," Brent said. "I've been in some of these places, they're in the mountains, you basically have to walk around a precipice, skirting certain death, just to get buckets of water to bring back to your household to use.

"With COVID, one of the things you need to do is wash your hands, and if you don't have access to clean water, that's a huge problem," he said.

Brent added that every time there's significant rain, the country faces the risk of a renewed cholera outbreak because of the lack of adequate water and sanitation infrastructure.

Because of the war, Yemenis are unable to get fuel for their everyday needs. The fuel shortage is disrupting electricity supplies, making it hard for hospitals to operate, and undermining the delivery of goods such as food.

"When I go around Sanaa in the north of Yemen, you see lines at each fuel station that are basically kilometers long," Brent said. "Someone who wants to get fuel has to get in that line and wait for a whole day to get a few liters or gallons of fuel that they can use for themselves and their families.

"The price of most commodities is linked to the price of fuel," he added. "The higher the price of fuel, the higher the price of commodities, because traders use fuel to transport those commodities, so we think we're going to start to see some pretty serious increases in food prices."

As in all conflicts, women and children bear the brunt of the socioeconomic repercussions, a dynamic that has worsened amid the pandemic.

Women are at a heightened risk of contracting the virus as they assume the bulk of caregiving responsibilities, Brent said, while children have been newly displaced from their schools. Domestic violence, meanwhile, has sharply risen since the start of the war.

People are now leaving their homes in large numbers to avoid infection hotspots.

The crisis in Yemen is multifaceted and complex, but Brent said that no progress can be made on any front until the war is ended.

"The only solution to this long-term problem is an end to the conflict," he said. "We need an end to the conflict, a durable solution, an inclusive solution that results from the negotiations, solutions that include the voices of women, youth, and all the parties in Yemen. This is what the international community needs to be calling for, asking governments to help negotiate this."

Ceasefire negotiations are currently ongoing between the government of Yemen and the Houthis, the sectarian group that controls a large swath of the country.

In the meantime, humanitarian groups like CARE need urgent funding to prevent the situation in Yemen from getting worse.

CARE, in particular, focuses on numerous forms of aid in Yemen. The organization provides families with food aid, cash transfers, and small business and livelihood support; rehabilitates roads and schools; builds latrines, toilets, and water systems; trains and supports teachers; and champions women.

"I know that for the rest of the world it is a very difficult time - for most, unprecedented - and many will suffer an economic crisis as a result of this," Brent recently wrote. "But for Yemen when the conflict really began to escalate five years ago, it was also unprecedented. My plea is that, no matter how bad it gets in your country, it is much worse in Yemen. So please spare a thought for the people of Yemen at this time, too."

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Yemen Was Already Reaching Famine-Like Conditions. Then Came COVID-19.

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Yemen was facing the worst humanitarian crisis in the world prior to the COVID-19 pandemic. Now the United Nations is calling for financial support to protect the Yemeni people from this multifaceted emergency. You can join us in taking action on related issues here.

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https://turkeytravelplanner.com/details/WomenTravelers/WomenInTkSociety.html#:~:text=Men's%20and%20women's%20roles%20were,sovereign%20within%20its%20appropriate%20realm.&text=Men%20went%20out%20of%20the,the%20animals%20and%20the%20household

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: https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/turkey-population/
https://www.everyculture.com/To-Z/Turkey.html
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/o

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Afghan govt to allow mother's name to be printed on  national ids
In 21st century there are still too many countries which do not give priority to the women. As women are not allowed to write their names on national Ids of their kids. Out of that, one country is Afghanistan as government of afghan do not allow mother’s names to be printed on national IDs like, on birth certificate of child there is only the name of father printed. Not only this writing the name of bride on their own wedding card is offence in afghan.

From this news I learned that mothers play a very great role in nourishing the child so, we will give them more priority at every place regardless of making such a stupid law which make them unhappy. One of the biggest news is that on September 04 afghan government accept the proposal to put mothers’ names on children’s birth certificates.

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The Afghan government has accepted a proposal to put mothers' names on their children's birth certificates, in a rare win for women's rights activists in the deeply conservative country.

Campaigners have for years pushed for women to be named on official documents including children's birth certificates, which like Afghan identity documents carry only the name of a person's father, under the hashtag #Whereismyname.

But they have faced opposition in the conservative and patriarchal Muslim country, where some see even using a woman's name as offensive.

A woman's name often does not appear on the invitation to her wedding - only those of her father and husband-to-be - or even on her grave.

This week the cabinet's legal affairs committee, headed by Vice President Mohammad Sarwar Danish, agreed to a proposal to change the law and allow the names of both parents.

"The decision to include the mother's name in the ID card is a big step towards gender equality and the realization of women's rights," Danish's office said in a statement.

The legal amendment still needs approval from the country's male-dominated parliament and must then be signed off by the president.

It was drafted by Naheed Farid, an independent politician who chairs the parliamentary commission on women's affairs, and other MPs to be presented to the house after its summer break ends on September 21.

The move came as the Afghan government prepared for talks with the Taliban following a US peace deal with the armed group signed in February.

Many Afghan women worry that the deal does not safeguard their rights, and fear that a US troop withdrawal and the re-emergence of the Taliban in Afghan politics could destroy their hard-won gains, from education to freedom of movement.

Strict Islamic law

The Taliban enforced a strict interpretation of Islamic law that included public lashings, flogging and stonings.

Under their rule from 1996 to 2001, Afghan women were obliged to cover their faces and could not study, work or leave the house without a male relative.

The group has said it would allow women to be educated and employed, but within the limits of Islamic law and Afghan culture.

On Thursday, Mawlawi Qalamuddin, the former head of the moral police during the Taliban era, called the proposed change a "Western plan".

"This plan has come from America and Europe. Nobody can force this plan on the people of Afghanistan," he told a news conference in Kabul.

Marian Sama, a women's rights activist and member of the lower house of parliament, told the Thomson Reuters Foundation that while the cabinet approval was "just the beginning", she was hopeful it would soon become law.

"We realise it is considered a taboo in our traditional society and there will certainly be obstacles in getting the draft law approved, but I believe that a tireless struggle can lead us to this change and beyond," she said.

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Afghan gov't to allow mother's name to be printed on national IDs

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The Afghan government has accepted a proposal to put mothers' names on their children's birth certificates, in a rare win for women's rights activists in the deeply conservative country. Campaigners have for years pushed for women to be named on official documents including children's birth certificates, which like Afghan identity documents carry only the name of a person's father, under the hashtag #Whereismyname.

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Week 2:On the Front Line of the Saudi War in Yemen: Child Soldiers From Darfur

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Week 2:On the Front Line of the Saudi War in Yemen: Child Soldiers From Darfur

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In some parts of the world, most of us take for granted being born in a country where we don’t have to worry about war and tensions. An article posted in 2018 by the New York Times discusses Sudanese youth fighters’ prevalence in the ongoing Yemen Civil War, which is “as many as 14,000 Sudanese militiamen”(David D. Kirkpatrick 2018). After fighting in the Darfur Civil war at the age of 14 years old, and having “Raiders [steal] his family’s cattle”(David D. Kirkpatrick 2018), now 16 years old, Hager was “offered a lifeline: The kingdom [Saudi Arabia] would pay as much as $10,000 if Hager joined its forces fighting 1,200 miles away in Yemen”(David D. Kirkpatrick 2018), his family’s economic situation forced Hager to join this war to provide for his impoverished family. He joined a war that didn’t even relate to him, yet, this opportunity opened a hazardous but rewarding opportunity that meant he could support his family. The situation becomes more perplexing when in order “ to keep a safe distance from the battle lines, their Saudi or Emirati overseers commanded the Sudanese fighters almost exclusively by remote control,” alluding to the idea that their lives don’t even matter/valued. I must admit that I was quite aloof to this situation partly because I didn’t understand the reasoning for the prevalence of youth fighters in wars. However, after having read this article, I have a whole new perspective about the struggles going on elsewhere around the world, poverty is a significant factor in the reason why these youth fighters are partaking in them. It is unfortunate, but the reality is quite harsh, maybe someday this can change.

Word Count: 283

Source:
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/12/28/world/africa/saudi-sudan-yemen-child-fighters.html

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Source:-https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-52420307https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-30847692
Raif Badawi was a 36 year-old blogger and activist. In 2013 he convicted on several charges such as “insulting Islam through electronic channels” and was punished with 7 years in prison and 600 lashes. Then in 2014 his sentence was increased to 10 years in prison, 1,000 lashes, and fine.

In my opinion, Beliefs of religion and culture shouldn’t be taken so far that humanity is forgotten. When one believes and follows one religion with such respect, those same beliefs should not be enforced on someone outside of that religion and culture, especially if they are not knowledgeable and did not mean to do intentionally. And if a mistake is done such harsh punishments are absurd to be given to one.

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Week 2:- Iran's culture treasures have been threatened by  trump.

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Week 2:- Iran's culture treasures have been threatened by  trump.

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After the killing of top Iranian commander last week, Donald trump has increased his actions to threaten  the rich culture and heritage of Iran country.The people of Iran has vowed  to take the revenge for their  commander killed in united states war but trump repeatedly give the warning to ruin everything of Iranian culture. Such warnings to Iran country by trump can lead to war crime between both countries. UNESCO  chief said that both countries has made a legal agreement except their attack on cultural locations.
The thing I learned from this news is that culture is the original identity of any country.Thus,never try to ruin the culture  because it can lead to break the peace  and beauty of  that country women should try to preserve  and organize them in a beautiful way for tourist attraction and make them feel proud.No one have right to destroy the historical monuments of any country.

Source:-

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iran's cultural treasures have been threatened by trump. here are some of its most important sites - cnn

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Iran's cultural treasures have been threatened by Trump. Here are some of its most important sites

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President Donald Trump has doubled down on his threat to target Iran's rich array of cultural and heritage sites in his standoff with Tehran after the killing of a top Iranian commander last week.

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Week 3 "The Fight For Women's Rights in Israel.

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Week 3 "The Fight For Women's Rights in Israel.

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Source: https://www.bbc.com/news/av/stories-54248953
In Israel women's are not allowed to pray loudly as men's in front of their holiest wall "western wall of Jerusalem" where Jewish people pray. In 1988 the Judaism Feminists raise their voice to get  the right to pray openly as men's do. As women's as many restriction like they can not pray from torah (their holy book) and did not allow to wear their praying shawls or their praying accessories. Ant Hoffman who is leader of all this circumstance's is also known as "women of the wall" come forward and made able after a long fight of 14 years. In 2013 high court announced that women's also did pray as men's do.
In my opinion, parrying is a right of everyone , no-one needs to be restricted in the way of remembering their god specially on the bases of gender. Ever human is equal in the eyes of god so our society needs to be aware in all such things.

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The fight for women's prayer rights in Israel - BBC News

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Week 2 - The March was held by women in Pakistan for getting their basic rights

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Week 2 - The March was held by women in Pakistan for getting their basic rights

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Pakistani women stays in the four walls of the house or room and they are scared from the acid attacks and violentation  so Pakistani women's was started the march from the year of 2018. They are raising their voices through different marches for the injustice that they are facing in their lives from the past years. They are even fighting for their major rights which may provide them freedom from many prisons from dirty inequalties or injustices that they commonly face in their part of life.The  march basically started at the day of international women's day when they ask about their
life and about their rights.They raise their voice  against the violentation and against legal petitions. In this march the women took ahead step from their doors as they are consisdered to be lived with the four walls of the house and the ladies are only meant to be stay at home and to do household chores. So the women's gathered at the park and jointly marched for their rights.The common problem faced by the women's that they don't even feel safe and comfortable when they went out to public places ,people usually harrass them. The fearing statements are also speak out for the women's when they came outside and fighting for their rights. Some people consisdered this march movement  also against to the islam as the muslim culture is very conservative type of culture who do not gave that much freedom to  the ladies.some how this march widens and lots of people even transgenders speak up for their rights and stands with the women to fight with the injustice.In this movement the one main slogam was written by the women is "MERA JISM MERI MARZI" which their body and their choice to wear. According to my opinion, restrictions should be removed from women as they can live with liberty.

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Conservative groups in Pakistan are often heard to invoke a famous saying: the proper place of a woman is in her "chadar aur char diwari" - meaning veiled and within the four walls of her home.
But this weekend, in the face of violent threats and legal petitions, women across Pakistan are preparing to demand their rights in direct defiance of that belief.

Since 2018, Aurat March - Urdu for Women's March - has been held in many cities across Pakistan to coincide with International Women's Day on 8 March. It is no small feat in a conservative Muslim country where many women often don't feel safe in public places because of the harassment they often endure.

Those who took part last year faced intense backlash, especially online. Some said they had received death and rape threats afterwards.

And this year, voices on both sides of the debate have grown louder in the lead-up.

While religious and right-wing groups have said the march goes against Islam, even moderate factions have taken issue with what the marchers themselves acknowledge is a provocative approach.

"There's a deep conflict in the society that we live in, about the right of women to ask for their rights; to be mobile, to be out in the streets," says a 38-year-old organiser in Karachi, who did not want to be identified.

Viewpoint: The celebrity killed for making lives 'difficult'

The transgender woman who almost broke free

The idea for Aurat March began when a few women decided to mobilise their networks and gather in a park in the port city of Karachi on International Women's Day to ask for an end to violence and harassment.

It has since evolved into a wider movement, including transgender people, demanding better laws to protect women and enforcement of existing laws, as well as raising awareness and changing attitudes.

The march took inspiration from similar events in the US, but has been further fuelled by incidents at home. The "honour killing" of social media star Qandeel Baloch by her own brother and other incidents have shone a light on violence against women in recent years.

"The need for younger feminists to have a voice was already there," says the organiser, who was part of that original group of women.

"We are challenging the status quo. We're challenging the regressive elements in our society."

'Snatch your rights'

This year the key demand is economic justice for women, as highlighted in the manifesto.

But it was the slogans and signs held up in 2019 which drew wider attention to the movement. Participants faced criticism and abuse in the mainstream media, alongside intense trolling online.

It was the rallying cry "mera jism, meri marzi", which translates to my body, my choice, in particular which touched a nerve last year and continues to cause controversy ahead of this year's march.

Aurat March proponents have argued it is about a woman's control over her own body, but the phrase was seen by critics as obscene, having a sexual connotation and going against the highly prized expectation of modesty in a woman.

It's also contributed to the voices saying the movement is too Western in its ideals.
The story behind "mera jism meri marzi" (my body, my choice)
Noor (not her real name) created a poster with these words for last year's march. She came up with the slogan because she wanted to highlight the right of women to have agency, to choose what she wants to wear and do with her own body, without fear of harassment or rape.

She says the negative reaction has scared her so much that she now finds it difficult to speak with her real name.
Noor was speaking to BBC Urdu.
Those involved acknowledge the slogans and signs are provocative, but they argue that's what is needed when you are trying to change social norms.

"One way [to address issues] is to continue slowly working, and hope to achieve a result maybe a few decades later. The other approach is to just snatch your rights because it has been too long, it has been too hard and it has been too traumatic," says a 28-year-old volunteer, who identifies as gender fluid.

There have been attempts by the group to explain the ideas behind the movement through their social media channels and community outreach .

But that doesn't seem to have prevented the deep divisions and tense exchanges ahead of this year's event. If anything they've grown more vitriolic.

Posters and murals put up by organisers have been vandalised. Social media posts asking for volunteers have unleashed a barrage of misogynistic abuse.

"We are probably going faster than the society can digest... but we are helping them unlearn the toxicity that was taught to them by the society, culture and religion and we are trying to make them learn a new de-gendered system," the volunteer acknowledges.

The controversy has even reached the court in Lahore, where a petition was filed last month to stop the march from going ahead, arguing that its aim was to "spread anarchy, vulgarity, blasphemy and hatred" of Islam.

The court ruled it should proceed - but said organisers needed to ensure people participating adhere to "decency and moral values".

And as the march gets closer, the battle appears to be intensifying. The debate reached a fever pitch this week when a playwright known for his misogynistic views, verbally abused a female rights activist during a panel on Aurat March on live television.

While there was condemnation of his outburst, the same people cautioned organisers on their messaging.

Mahira Khan, one of Pakistan's most famous actresses, said on Twitter that she supported the march but warned against using provocative placards.

Image Copyright @TheMahiraKhan @TheMahiraKhan Report

Image Copyright @TheMahiraKhan @TheMahiraKhanReport

But international human rights groups have come out to support the march, with Amnesty International condemning "the horrific threats of violence, intimidation and harassment of the marchers".

"The fact that women are unable to demand their human rights without being put in very real danger underscores just how important the Aurat March is."

The volunteer says they are fearful of acid attacks, bomb threats, stalkers and even doxxing - the publication of someone's personal details online.

"We are scared. But if we are not scared, if we don't have fear, how do we expect the change to come?"

Come Sunday, even the fear won't keep them confined to the veil and four walls anymore.

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Pakistan on knife edge over women's march

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Conservative groups in Pakistan are often heard to invoke a famous saying: the proper place of a woman is in her "chadar aur char diwari" - meaning veiled and within the four walls of her home. But this weekend, in the face of violent threats and legal petitions, women across Pakistan are preparing to demand their rights in direct defiance of that belief.

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Child  Marriage  in  Kurdistan  region
—Iraq

Child Marriage is a togetherness of two persons in formal or an informal way under the age of 18 years.It is also called as forced marriage as the teenagers have lack of maturity.The issue of child marriage in the Kurdistan region of Iraq is currently under research.The data of year 2011 shows out that 5% of girls were get married before 15 years and about 23% of girls got married under the age of 18.Although,Women of age 20 to 24 have high percentage of child marriage before their 18th birthday.Poverty and
poor economic conditions are the main reasons for the early child marriage.The child marriage in the Kurdistan region lead to the result of a number of interrelated religions,social and economic factors,child marriages in the kurdistan region generally held outside of the court without any registration which lead to  unaccural statistics of child marriage records.

Source:https://iraq.unfpa.org/sites/default/files/pub-pdf/Child%20Marriage%20Broucher%20English%20Final%20covers%206.pdf

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Week 3:- The sharing economy helps women find new economic opportunities in Jordan.

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Week 3:- The sharing economy helps women find new economic opportunities in Jordan.

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Across the world, as we know women nowadays face many threats to their reputations along with web stalking and they also monitored while doing online activities. In Jordan country only 15% women is doing formal economy. There are numerous reasons that women are not allowed to work outside from home which includes  concerns about safety on public transit, expenses and time of transportation to job sites, cultural norms, childcare time and the length of time covered to reach at the job point because of these problems women need flexible hours at their home to work and start their own business. Shared economy platforms have been organized few years ago for women to work from home which includes simple jobs like babysitting, at home salon services, home maintenance and tutoring. Work from home helps to improve their safety and privacy as well because when their family members monitor them working online, they will not worry about their daughters and sisters because they know where they are going and for how long they will work as baby sitting takes about 3-4 hours and tutoring takes 1 hour to perform.Moreover,no one will threat to their reputation through doing so because family concerns was only about the safety and work location but now they will feel comfortable. Such a long time experiences help them to grow their company brand  reputations. Finally, sharing economy  platforms in Jordan  create non technological solutions to support women to work on their platforms. Home maintenance provide transportation to women to reach their job easily.
These solutions are effective because they are built on an understanding of the local culture and the importance of relationships and reputation in Jordan. The thing I learned from this news is that women alike a men have an equal opportunity to earn money and  fulfill their own dreams. They have the opportunity to set up their own family business. This helps a country to improve their cultural reputation and  economy growth as well.

Source:-https://theconversation.com/the-sharing-economy-helps-women-find-new-economic-opportunities-in-jordan-131427

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UAE  imposes massive fines against discrimination.
As per recent news, the federal public prosecution of United Arab States warned the people against any kind of discrimination. Their will be a hefty amount of fine and minimum of 5 years of jail to a person, who commit any act of discrimination. The minimum amount of fine will be not less than 500,000 AED. This law was made when an Emirati media personality was arrested last month. he viral the racist video online which is against the community of UAE and contradict country’s efforts to reduce tolerance.

From this news I learned that every individual has its own place in the society. Anybody who hurt the feelings of certain section of community should be punished badly and every country should make such rules which helps to reduce discrimination.

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UAE warns against discrimination, imposes massive fines, jail term

The new warning comes after an Emirati media personality was arrested last month for a racist video circulated online

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hajj،عرب نيوز

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UAE warns against discrimination, imposes massive fines, jail term

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DUBAI: The UAE Federal Public Prosecution has warned the public against acts of discrimination, adding violators will face a hefty fine of up to $272,000 or serve a minimum of five years in jail. The prosecutor's office published a video on Twitter, explaining a federal law that prohibits any form of discrimination, including insulting religion.

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Week 3- In Iraq, the covid-19 alters the customs of physical touch

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Week 3- In Iraq, the covid-19 alters the customs of physical touch

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Corona virus has the deep impact everywhere similar in the Iraq the people starting practicing the social distancing from the loved ones. Corona virus leads the changes in the traditions of Iraq's community. Due to the fear of the virus the men in the Iraq refused to kiss on each other cheeks and also the women stop the tradition of hug while meeting one another.In the starting of this virus this fosters people to stop having gatherings . There is one more tradition in the central, southern provinces specially that the deceased families use to arrange tents for the person who come to condolence and everyone use to drink from the same cup without washing but now they starting using disposable plastic cup for everyone distinctly and put a ban on this tradition temporary as consideration to health measures of safety. And also people were not allowed to arrange deceased love one tents in the streets, they were asked to prepare the arrangement in the four walls of the house.

Source-

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The spread of the coronavirus in Iraq has modified Iraqi customs and traditions that show personal affection through physical touch. This is in addition to the banning of social gatherings of Iraqis in celebration of joyful events or even for condolences.

Greetings between Iraqis involve three kisses on each cheek as an expression of affection or longing, but this practice is no longer acceptable with the pandemic.

Many Iraqis are now practicing social distancing even with their dearest ones, fearing transmission of the coronavirus. Men no longer kiss each other's cheeks and women no longer hug each other, essentially ending timeless traditions, even if only temporarily.

Iraqi authorities enforced strict measures on March 13 because of the growing number of coronavirus cases. They also banned religious gatherings and visits, funeral services and wedding parties. But some Iraqis are not sticking to these measures.

Jasseb Latif, director of the Ministry of Health's department in the Karkh district in Baghdad, reported that a person infected with the coronavirus had organized a banquet for about 80 people to celebrate his return from Iran.

Latif doubts authorities can track the 80 people who attended the banquet and were in close contact with the infected person. He urged people to isolate themselves when returning from travel.

Until the end of February, Iraqi authorities permitted funeral and wedding celebrations. Some tribes, however, decided to prevent kisses and handshakes and ordered those attending the celebrations to keep a safe distance between each other.

In Iraqi culture, especially in the central and southern provinces, the families of a deceased person would set up tents to receive people paying their condolences. Arab coffee and two meals are usually served during these funeral celebrations. Dozens of those attending the funeral procession would drink from the same cup without washing it.

But the tribes, who enjoy wide social influence, banned this tradition. Disposable plastic cups were used, and some tribes even refrained from serving coffee.

Meanwhile, some Iraqis find it shameful not to hold a funeral celebration for their deceased loved ones. "This is degrading to the deceased and his or her family," said Hamza Yahya, whose grandfather died in Baghdad at the end of March.

Security authorities in Shula in Baghdad's Karkh district did not allow Yahya's family to set up condolence tents on the corner of the street. The family received mourners inside their house, where they placed spaced chairs and cleaned and sterilized the doors. Mourners were only served bottled water.

Yahya told Al-Monitor, "It was sad. My grandfather was a very well-known man, but not many people attended his funeral because of the curfew. Only the neighbors showed up. But people's health is more important. We do not want the funeral of my grandfather to turn into an epicenter for the pandemic. We only served the mourners water and tried to sterilize everything."

The burial of the dead is an honorable ritual in Iraq. Several Iraqi proverbs stress the sanctity of burying the dead. Iraqis often repeat an Arab proverb affirming that no deceased person should be left unburied. But the spread of the coronavirus seems to be putting an end to this well-entrenched ritual.

The families of persons who died of the coronavirus are baffled and do not know what to do with the bodies of their loved ones. Cemetery workers refuse to receive the bodies, fearing they will transmit the virus to them. Add to this, residents of the homes adjacent to the cemeteries also refuse the burial of any person who died of the virus.

The Health Ministry and Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani of Iraq had to intervene to allow the families of the deceased to find places and ways to bury their dead.

Just like funerals, weddings in Iraq are attended by a large number of well-wishers, and parties are mainly held on the streets or in wedding halls. Iraqis often have bands playing loud, rhythmic folk music at these parties, but since the end of February, this music has rarely been heard.

Ammar al-Kaabi, who lives in Talbiyah, east of Baghdad, chose the date of April 10 to celebrate his wedding. But he told all his friends and acquaintances he had invited earlier that the wedding was canceled until further notice.

"I wished the circumstances were better to be able to hold my wedding celebration, but the danger of the coronavirus has become serious. I do not want to hold a celebration in an atmosphere of fear," Kaabi said.

Since March 22, security forces have tightened the curfew imposed on residents and imposed sanctions on those breaking it, sometimes confiscating vehicles or motorbikes.

But in one case, these same forces helped a couple from Diwaniyah province who wanted to marry despite the prevailing circumstances. They allowed them to drive their decorated car through the streets, all the way to the hotel where they spent their wedding night.

Kaabi refused to hold his wedding under these circumstances. "I want everyone to be present," he said, adding, "My wedding celebration after the coronavirus will be a big party because I will be celebrating my wedding and salvation from the coronavirus at the same time. I will be kissing everyone."

In southern Iraq, many tribal elders and leaders suspended their council meetings. Others who held their council meetings set forth measures aimed at preventing the spread of the coronavirus, including obligating visitors to wear masks and preventing handshaking and kissing. They also banned anyone who feels sick from attending meetings or making contact with other tribe members.

While the pandemic has modified many Iraqi traditions and rituals, everyone still appears ready to immediately resume these traditions once the coronavirus is defeated. On April 13, Iraq registered 76 deaths and 1,352 confirmed cases of COVID-19.

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Coronavirus changes Iraq's traditions of physical touch

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The spread of the coronavirus in Iraq has modified Iraqi customs and traditions that show personal affection through physical touch. This is in addition to the banning of social gatherings of Iraqis in celebration of joyful events or even for condolences.

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Week 3: Saudi Arabia’s first female ambulance driver says job is ‘healing balm for the soul’

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Week 3: Saudi Arabia’s first female ambulance driver says job is ‘healing balm for the soul’

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This article discusses Saudi Arabia’s first female becoming an ambulance driver, a field that has been male-dominated in the past. News like this isn’t news here in a “more” developed nation like Canada, but this is pretty good news for a country like Saudi Arabia. Becoming an Ambulance driver “in a country where women have only recently started driving is a different prospect altogether”(TAREQ AL-THAQAFI, 2020); This is a very remarkable achievement for a country that has openly expressed inequality between different genders, edging them slightly closer to giving everyone the chance to have an open playing field. Still, her achievements were not easy to get as she received “astonishment, and even disapproval, from Saudi society as she pursued her calling,” but that didn’t stop her from pursuing her dreams and achieving something that may have been unheard of or impossible in the past. Small but significant changes/achievements from actions previously deemed unacceptable starts to change a culture to think differently about that said topic. Like we saw here, it was only a few months ago where driving for women in Saudi Arabia became legal, and already we are seeing more boundaries being pushed and challenged.

Word Count: 198

Source: https://www.arabnews.com/node/1740941/saudi-arabia

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Week -3: Why are so many women fleeing Saudi Arab.                   A woman named  Rahaf Mohammed has made aware lot of women in Saudi Arab who are under the cruel corner of the male guardianship system. In this system a man has the right to control the women whether he is a father, husband, brother or son. In Saudi Arab women above treated abusively. Although, women were tortured .For women there is no freedom as they can't apply for a passport and travel outside the country. Even though they don't put out with a single step from the outside of their home without the permission of the guardian. They don't have the right to choose their marriage partner and child marriages oftenly occur . Moreover ,the male Guardian system give rise to domestic violence by giving the right  to male representative  to put control over women's livelihood. Women were also discriminated on the basis of employment also more restrictions are imposed on  women than man in the case of divorce ,child custody ,inheritance etc. Due to all these cruel treatments with women, lot of women flee away from Saudi Arab. In  my point of view human beings should be treated equally on the basis . As  everyone has the right to live the life as others .They should not be discriminated.  Everyone has the right to raise their voice to deminished the abusive rules of the government.    

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Week -3: Why are so many women fleeing Saudi Arab.                   A woman named  Rahaf Mohammed has made aware lot of women in Saudi Arab who are under the cruel corner of the male guardianship system. In this system a man has the right to control the women whether he is a father, husband, brother or son. In Saudi Arab women above treated abusively. Although, women were tortured .For women there is no freedom as they can't apply for a passport and travel outside the country. Even though they don't put out with a single step from the outside of their home without the permission of the guardian. They don't have the right to choose their marriage partner and child marriages oftenly occur . Moreover ,the male Guardian system give rise to domestic violence by giving the right  to male representative  to put control over women's livelihood. Women were also discriminated on the basis of employment also more restrictions are imposed on  women than man in the case of divorce ,child custody ,inheritance etc. Due to all these cruel treatments with women, lot of women flee away from Saudi Arab. In  my point of view human beings should be treated equally on the basis . As  everyone has the right to live the life as others .They should not be discriminated.  Everyone has the right to raise their voice to deminished the abusive rules of the government.    

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https://youtu.be/CszYRrdyhS0

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Women in Iraq have continuously had to deal with discrimination and abuse in its many forms be it physical, mental, or emotional. This however in Iraq is far from the most disturbing case as many reports of women being killed in so called acts of "honor killings" has sparked outrage among many communities in Iraq. They are also restricted in the most basic of activities such as going to work or going out at all without being accompanied with a male family member.  These are but a few different things that they have to go through on a daily basis. These things that women go through in Iraq is nothing new as this system of discrimination has been in place through the culture that is in Iraq that looks down on women. I learnt that this culture of systemic discrimination that's in place in Iraq not only has been in place for some time now, but also needs to be reformed and restructured so that equal rights can be enforced. I believe that although these laws are in place, even the law can have moral imbalances and regardless of what culture says, Injustice should never be approved.

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On July 25, police in northern Iraq found the body of a young woman, 25, who was murdered, burned and dumped on a rural road between the villages of Hizob and Grtik. It is reported that she was newly married and that her husband allegedly shot her after another man had passed by twice while they were having a picnic near Sulaymaniyah.

This is not the only news that shook our world in Iraq. Apparently, more is yet to come. According to local police, "each day a woman is ... murdered," but families often avoid reporting it as they are afraid of ruining their reputation or being dragged into family feuds.

To be frank, after a while things start to sound normal to locals. Today you hear one story, tomorrow another brutal one, and then eventually everyone just stops reacting as such stories become the norm.

Violence against women is not just about murdering them. These crimes go as far as physical and emotional abuse that takes place over time.

Even if police arrest the perpetrator, it will not change much. Many murder cases are claimed as "honor killings" and then shut for good. In the end, the crime is added to the murderer's profile as a source of pride and honor, not something to feel guilty or ashamed of.

WOMEN'S RIGHTS IN IRAQ

Iraq has been torn apart by decades of war. Religious, political and economic conflicts have destroyed everything. People no longer feel safe. Stories of Iraqis being kidnapped and murdered have become everyday events.

Women are the biggest victims of such conflicts and crimes. In some places in Iraq, they are not even allowed to work or go outside their home without wearing a niqab or being accompanied by a male family member. Some are deprived of their basic rights, including the right to vote, study or love. Many have become dependent on men. Those who lost their husbands in the war against Daesh (Islamic State) are forced to look after the family. They will not have mastered any skills or received an education because they were not - and will not be - allowed to.

Early marriage is another issue that women often face, as well as domestic violence with all forms of physical and mental abuse. Few women manage to report it or live in a shelter that is provided by humanitarian organizations or the United Nations. If these women do report the abuse, they would be shunned due to social stigmatization and their families would never accept them back.

There are many local nongovernmental organizations (NGO) that serve women and work on gender-based violence. These NGOs cooperate with the courts and local law enforcement to follow the few cases that make it through. But while many organizations have started to work on these issues, there is a lot left to do. Women's rights activists must work specifically on the cases of murdered women. Different social classes should be targeted as the mentality of society and their vision about women's rights should be subjected to a radical shift.

Shokhan Ahmad, the director of Women Legal Assistance Organization, stated: "Every day a woman is killed in [the] Kurdistan region of Iraq, [and] sometimes the number [doubles] and the authorities are not really interested in handling the murderer. The court system and honor killing-supporting laws should be amended and renewed."

THE "HONOR OF THE FAMILY"

It is really hard to be a woman in Iraq. You are said to be the honor of the family, but instead you are treated like a big, dangerous nothing. There is always emptiness in every corner of your life, and you feel like a doll that your father, brother or husband has to direct.

For some, you don't even have the right to be depressed, much less fall in love with a man of a different culture or religion.

Indeed, it's hard to be a woman in Iraq.
The views expressed in this article are the author's own and do not necessarily reflect Fair Observer's editorial policy. Photo Credit: Owen Holdaway / Shutterstock.com

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On July 25, police in northern Iraq found the body of a young woman, 25, who was murdered, burned and dumped on a rural road between the villages of Hizob and Grtik. It is reported that she was newly married and that her husband allegedly shot her after another man had passed by twice while they were having a picnic near Sulaymaniyah.

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 Week 4: Murder in Turkey  sparks outrage over rising violence against women.

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 Week 4: Murder in Turkey  sparks outrage over rising violence against women.

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People of turkey took steps to show their anger towards female violence. They appealed the government to make serious obligations towards criminals. The reason for this outrage by Turkish people is because of  27-year old female is murdered by her ex boyfriend. Media presented that  her ex partner illtreated her and  after choked her, consumed her body in a trash bin and  solid material applied on the bin to remove all the proofs of her death.  Her expartner gave a reason that she warned to tell my affairs to my wife and wanted a money from me and thus his angerness cause her to die.Women of turkey presented a march with purple flags and appealed for justice.
Women violence reported to be widespread issue in the turkey and Statistics showed that every year about half of woman between the age of 15-60 experienced inappropriate behavior by their spouse. This problem is getting worse day by day as the femicide is increasing at a fast pace in turkey.
Turkey government is trying to provide freedom/rights to females  by  making laws and obligations but the highest  number of women violence is accounted in this country which is because of the reason that prime ministers are making public statements that women are not equal to men and thus not giving priority to females which cause men's to increase their attitudes. This leads to divorce because women are not ready to accept these rules.
The thing that I learned from this news is that  there should be a gender equality in every country. If the government of any country is right and have strict policies and rules  for the people living over there, then no one can harm anyone and everyone will be treated equally in the country. Thus, one should always  sacrifice for justice if they are suffering from illegal deeds.

Source:-https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/jul/23/turkey-outrage-rising-violence-against-women

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Afghan angry over ‘Racist’ Iranian TV series:

As per recent news an Iranian television series depicts racist scenes of Afghan migrants living in Iran. Some people sad as this TV series racist and feeds stereotypes of Afghan migrants as poor, uneducated and low-class people. As per past reports nearly 1million of afghan people who lives in Iran faces discrimination and mistreatment by native people of Iran. Not only this, many of the Afghan people are blamed for crime and drug trafficking.
In one episode of series, titled Forbidden, the heroine is forced to marry a poor, middle-aged Afghan migrant as a punishment for her disobedience.

From this I learned that these kind of series were reveal the truth but somewhere this truth hurts the feelings of someone so as per me there should be harsh penalty for people who mistreat someone so that we can make earth a beautiful place to live without discrimination.

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An Iranian television series has prompted outrage for its allegedly racist depiction of Afghan migrants living in Iran.

In one episode of the TV series, titled Forbidden, the heroine is forced to marry a poor, middle-aged Afghan migrant as punishment for her disobedience.

The man -- a member of Afghanistan's Hazara minority -- is depicted as unattractive and submissive. The character, whose shaved head is broken up by large bald patches, is seen kissing the hand of the woman's father, who patronizingly pats him on the head.

Some Afghans have said that the episode is racist and feeds stereotypes of Afghan migrants as poor, uneducated, and inferior.

The estimated 1 million Afghan migrants and refugees who reside in the Islamic Republic of Iran have long complained of mistreatment and discrimination. Many Afghans work in menial jobs and are blamed for crime and drug trafficking.

"This TV series reflects the truth, which is that Afghan migrants in Iran are insulted and humiliated," Jan Khan Ali, a shopkeeper in the northern Afghan city of Mazar-e Sharif, said in a Facebook post on March 5.

"This is a sign of the rise of racism" against Afghan migrants in Iran, Ali Hosseini, an Afghan, wrote on Facebook on March 5.

"We must condemn the whole Iranian system, not just the director of the TV series for this," said Baqer Furogh, an Afghan, on Facebook on March 5.

Others criticized the Afghan government for not defending the rights of Afghans in Iran. "For years, Afghan refugees have been wronged, humiliated, and beaten in Iran. Has the Afghan government ever said anything?" Ghasim Rezaye, an Afghan from the central city of Bamiyan, said on Facebook on March 6.

There was also criticism of the TV series among Iranians.

"I'm upset and ashamed," wrote Iranian journalist Elham Zohrevand on Twitter on February 28. "The Culture and Islamic Guidance Ministry is better off eliminating racism than censoring women and social and political criticism. I apologize to dear Afghans."

"Imagine if this role was given to Kurds, Azeris, Lors, or Arabs," Iranian journalist Sattar Saeedi said on Twitter on February 26, suggesting there would be greater outrage if the Afghan in the series was a member of Iran's own ethnic minorities.

Amir Pourkian, the director of the series, said his depiction of the Afghan migrant was done purposely to expose the Iranian public's perception of Afghans, which he said was "wrong."

"I also sympathize with you [Afghans] for all the insults you have endured during this era," he said in an Instagram video on March 1.

Forbidden is not the first Iranian TV show to prompt anger over its portrayal of Afghan migrants.

In 2016, a show titled Outbreak angered critics who said it promoted hatred against Afghan refugees. The show featured a storyline about an Afghan man carrying a biologically engineered virus who is sent to Iran by the United States, Tehran's archenemy.

More recently, a viral video appearing to show an Iranian police officer slapping, insulting, and humiliating a group of Afghan migrants prompted a strong reaction in Kabul in December.

Iran's embassy in Kabul said at the time that "it strongly denounced this inappropriate behavior" and would investigate the incident.

Human Rights Watch has documented violations against Afghan refugees and migrants in Iran, including physical abuse, detention in unsanitary and inhumane conditions, forced payment for transportation and accommodation in deportation camps, forced labor, and forced separation of families.

The New York-based group has also said Iran's powerful Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps has recruited thousands of undocumented Afghans to fight for pro-Iranian militias in Syria since 2013.

The United Nations estimates the number of Afghan citizens in Iran at just under 1 million, many of whom claim to face violence and injustice. Tehran puts the figure of documented and undocumented Afghan refugees and migrants at closer to 3 million.

For decades, Afghans have turned to Iran to earn a living despite widespread reports of migrants facing violence and injustice there.

Tehran has expelled many Afghans, who are often blamed for insecurity and unemployment in Iran, and periodically threatens those who remain with mass expulsion.

Many of them moved to Iran following the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan and the civil war that followed the Soviet withdrawal. Others sought refuge in Iran after the Taliban took power in Afghanistan. After the U.S.-led invasion in 2001, some Afghans left for Iran in search of jobs, although hundreds of thousands of Afghans returned last year amid a crippling economic crisis in Iran.

Many have taken on menial work that is of little interest to Iranians.

In 2015, Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei issued a decree allowing all Afghan children to be allowed an education. But Afghans are still denied basic services, including access to health care, jobs, and even housing.

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Afghans Angry Over 'Racist' Iranian TV Series

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An Iranian television series has prompted outrage for its allegedly racist depiction of Afghan migrants living in Iran. In one episode of the TV series, titled Forbidden, the heroine is forced to marry a poor, middle-aged Afghan migrant as punishment for her disobedience.

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Week-4. Black Iraqis Claim Discrimination.

Black Iraqis living in the southern state of Iraq(Basra) claimed about the discrimination and said that they are not equally represented in the province. Most of the African will slaves brought to Iraq.African Iraqis lived in thr Iraq for about decades and now the population of Iraq's people more than million.Black Iraqis continually faced discrimination and exclusion.They were treated as slaves and their community faced discrimination on the basis of color,illeteracy and unemployment.Althought,their community named as Zanj which mewns black by the Iraqis.African slaves from Basra also did a revolt or prorest against baghdad which approximately last for about 15 years and it was successful.A person named salem shaaban is the member of Free Movement in Iraq who stood for African people.But now politics are same for everyone and everyone has free choice.
At the end,I would like to say that we all are people of God.All should be treated equally and there should be no discrimination on the basis of color,caste,religion etc.

Source: https://youtu.be/H8-JiZlfTyA

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Week 4: Iranian musician Mehdi Rajabian to stand trial for collaborating with female artists

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Week 4: Iranian musician Mehdi Rajabian to stand trial for collaborating with female artists

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This article from September 3rd 2020, discusses an Iranian Musician by the name of Mehdi Rajabian who is facing legal prosecution for working with a female dancer and artist named Helia Bandeh, who is originally from Iran, but resides in the Netherlands. This fact becomes important because she happens to be “beyond the reach of Iran’s justice system.”(Noack 2020), meaning that if she were in Iran she would have been prosecuted a long time ago. Inequality around the world not just in the middle east has been around for a long time so it’s really not that surprising to see this in 2020 unfortunately. There are many outdated laws around today, such as “Iran’s vaguely defined laws regulating public performances, dancing and singing — especially by women —” (Noack 2020) which can be considered illegal. Though our cultures may differ, where I’ve grown such things are unheard of, and I believe that this law specifically is very outdated, anyone no matter the gender should be able to pursue any career without facing legal repercussions. In addition, for the majority of the time, living in a developed nation like Canada, some might overlook or never see what is going around the world, which makes it sad that these things are going unnoticed.

Word Count: 212

Source:https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2020/09/03/iranian-musician-mehdi-rajabian-stand-trial-collaborating-with-female-artists/

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The females get restricted to drive cars on roads in Turkmenistan

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The females get restricted to drive cars on roads in Turkmenistan

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The news has been published by BBC that females are banned to drive cars on roads by cars . Moreover, at last weekend , there was an incident occured in capital Ashgabat , the matter was that group of four policemen started  to pull the women  cars and take them  off the road without any responsible fact. On hearing from witnesses at the incident place, the cops tend to search the mistakes committed by women four wheeler drivers; and there was many reasons to seize their vehicles such as lost essential items : extra wheel , tyre jack and medical kit etc. But they were not asked to stop driving at once . However, the vehicles of those women needed to be seized, if not willingly then by a tow truck as per the police department. according to my opinion, the discrimination on women should be  halted and i learnt from this news is that every time should stand in the  fever of women because they have to face many problems in their life as they are banned to drive cars in Turkmenistan.

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"A missing first-aid kit, fire extinguisher, spare wheel, tyre jack or warning triangle is enough to have the car impounded. If the woman owner refuses to have the car towed away herself, the police call a breakdown lorry to do the job," Chronicles says.

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"A missing first-aid kit, fire extinguisher, spare wheel, tyre jack or warning triangle is enough to have the car impounded. If the woman owner refuses to have the car towed away herself, the police call a breakdown lorry to do the job," Chronicles says.

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Week 4: Messi shirt boy 'forced' to leave Afghanistan.

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Week 4: Messi shirt boy 'forced' to leave Afghanistan.

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The young boy named Murtaza Ahmadi went viral when his picture of wearing homemade t-shirt made up of blue and white bag and had the name of his favorite player, Lionel Messi , who is the player of Argentine. After 11 months period of time , millions biased awareness about his love for the Messi and finally Murtaza got chance to met his idol in the Qatar. A year later, Afghan boy Murtaza forced to leave his home country by Taliaban because he wore plastic bag shirt named Lionel Messi. Murtaza has a death threat of Militant attack. According to news channels, Murtaza is now living with his family in a cramped room in Kabul. Murtaza's mother also told that Taliban trying to find his son by name. They will cut him into pieces' if able to find her son. Murtaza also said that he want to become a football player like Messi and wants to go to school but he is afraid to go outside.
At the end , I would like to say that that there should be no violation created on the lives of others as everyone is free to live their own life according to their own choice. Nobody, should have the right to diminishing his desires or goals for life.

Source-https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-35658337

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Week 5:- Qatar's foreign domestic workers  subjected to slave like conditions.

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Week 5:- Qatar's foreign domestic workers  subjected to slave like conditions.

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The news from the Qatar  reveals that maids and the women's performing the cleaning  work suffered from sexual harassment and other kinds of ill treated behavior by their employers at work. They made complaint to the ministry to  Qatar that they worked for long hours and not able to get their pay from last few months which leads to suffer from starvation.
Condition is so bad that they are not able to move back to their country because they have no passports. The Qatar labor minister made them believe that any person who will not pay the workers for their work will be considered law breaker and sentenced by the legislation but this kind of issues with domestic workers has become common in the country. Females suffered from sexual violence is considered as illegal relations with  their employers. Women's raped by their employers get pregnant  and then sent to prison with their babies as considered as unmarried in society.
Other workers are not able to get day off even they are sick and their phones and personal information are kept by employers but no one look at their condition as they are domestic workers.
The thing I learned from this news is that there should be gender equality. There should be proper rules and regulations for everyone living in country  because everyone is working hard to  get money for their family, food and shelter. Always pay others for their hard work even we are also working for manage expenses. Therefore, feel the pain of a person who works day and night but  get nothing in their hand. One more thing I learned from this news is that one should  always try to improve their culture and  habits because if violence exist in our country, one would like to travel in our culture  because ours misdeeds leads to ruin our country  culture and no foreigners travel to our country  loss productivity.

Source:-https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2014/feb/26/qatar-foreign-workers-slave-conditions

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Week5: Saudi Arabia's enduring male guardianship system

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Week5: Saudi Arabia's enduring male guardianship system

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In country of Saudi Arabia women even have to take a permission from a male relative's to apply for a passport, studying abroad, travel outside the country, get married, leave prison or even exit a shelter for abuse victim and many more such example which represent that women's have no right to live their life according to their desires in country like Saudi Arabia. There are many such cases related to women's discrimination in Saudi Arabia like In early January Rahaf Mohammed al-Qunun, 18, she was barricaded herself in a hotel room in Bangkok as she was fearing that her family kill her if she went home with them because she renounced Islam.
So, this new gives me a goosebumps as in this democratic era there are many places where freedom is just a name. In my opinion, no man have a right to rule over a women no matters who they are.
Source:https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-46777848

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Week 5: 'There is no hope': the slow disintegration of Lebanon

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Week 5: 'There is no hope': the slow disintegration of Lebanon

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This article discusses the series of events that led Lebanon to its dismantlement. From the Lebanese Civil War to the crumbling economy, recent disasters, and poor leadership, Lebanon’s future has never looked so bleak. Around “70% of its people are approaching the poverty line,” which is a massive blow to an already deteriorating economy. As explained in the article, some are “simply finding the quickest way to leave” the country. Before the recent explosions in Lebanon, I was under the assumption that Lebanon was on its slow but uphill battle to stability. There was a robust growing pull factor (one of which was tourism) to the country. Unfortunately, as seen by recent events and issues stated in the article, that pull factor is gone. Not many tourists are traveling to Lebanon, especially during the global pandemic. Many are instead being pushed out of the country, the poor economic and political imbalance is causing many Lebanese people to leave the country.

Word Count: 156

Source: https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/oct/11/there-is-no-hope-the-slow-disintegration-of-lebanon

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Qatar concerns linger over abuse of domestic workers.
As per new policy in Qatar workers must inform their employers before leaving the work or country. People are concerned about the new policy as there are total to 300,000 citizens in a state which is host by 175,000 domestic workers and out of this most are females. In one of the tweet Qatari ministries of interior says that domestic workers who disobey the new role of informing the employer before 72hours of leaving is going to be punished and deprived from their rights.
As an overview I learned that all people have right to take their decisions by their own but informing before 72 hours of leaving work sometime may be failed like in emergency situations where people do not have enough time to inform so their must be some relief for such situations.

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Domestic workers in Qatar must give their employers advance notice before leaving the country, in a new policy that campaigners say raises concerns for those trapped in abusive situations.

As pressure mounts on Qatar to tackle labour exploitation ahead of the 2022 World Cup, it announced last week that it was abolishing restrictions on leaving the country for nearly all migrant workers, who previously had to obtain their employer's permission.

But the new decision stipulates that the workers are instead required to inform their employer of their intention to leave 72 hours in advance of their departure.

Campaigners are concerned about the implications of the new requirement in a state with 300,000 citizens which hosts 175,000 domestic workers - over half of whom are women, mostly from Asia and Africa.

Rothna Begum, a senior researcher at Human Rights Watch (HRW), said the new requirement is "quite problematic", and amounts to "an appeasement to the employers".

"In doing so, they haven't really thought through what it means, because it could still be an exit permit through the back door - which means that effectively domestic workers could still be trapped in the country," she told the Guardian.

The Qatari ministry of interior tweeted last week that domestic workers who fail to notify their employer will be deprived of "their rights such as financial obligations, travel tickets and return to work again before the lapse of four years from the date of departure."

The Twitter message has since been deleted, and Qatari officials have denied that domestic workers could face financial penalties over any failures to inform their employers.

"In order to protect the rights of both employers and domestic workers, domestic workers must notify employers at least 72 hours prior to their departure in order to protect their rights and ensure that they receive their financial benefits. However, any reports suggesting financial penalties for workers failing to notify their employer are patently false and misinformed," a government spokesperson told HRW.

Begum said workers are left feeling confused, and that the requirement suggests to employers that they could say no, or that they may have some control over the workers' movements.

"Even more problematic", Begum said, is a worker who wishes "to leave an abusive situation feeling that they have to inform their employer, or workers who are worried about retaliation, who then may face being confined in the home, [because] the employer now knows they want to leave who may then go and take steps to prevent them from leaving."

Those steps "could include confining them in the household or taking other steps such as, for instance, filing trumped-up charges against them, so they're really then trapped in the country, because if you have [a] criminal case against you, you're not allowed to leave the country."

Nicholas McGeehan, director of Fair/Square, a human rights research and advocacy organisation with expertise in migrant workers' rights, said the new requirement amounts to seeking permission from the employer.

"It's a serious problem because this has been really well documented how appalling the abuses of domestic workers are ... we're talking about in some cases serious physical, psychological, sexual abuses in Qatar," he said.

"And you're talking about relationships of extreme control and domination. The idea that a domestic worker is going to be happy to simply inform their employer that they're leaving completely neglects the relationships there and the seriousness of the abuses."

A 2013 Guardian investigation found abuse and exploitation of migrant workers preparing the emirate for the 2022 games. Research by Amnesty in 2014 alleged that domestic workers in Qatar had in some cases faced physical and sexual abuse, and in others, treatment that amounted to "forced labour and human trafficking".

Despite the reforms, Qatar's controversial kafala visa sponsorship system, which ties migrant workers to their employers, remains intact, according to HRW. It said kafala, under which workers cannot change employers without a certificate, "facilitates the abuse and exploitation of migrant workers".

Qatar has expressed intentions to reform the system later this year.

Under kafala, Begum said, "if you flee your employer you can be charged with absconding, [and you are] liable to arrest and risk of deportation."

"Now in the case of a domestic worker, absconding is literally leaving the house of the employer, so you're living in your employer's house and the act of escaping your employer can then lead to criminal charges against you," she said. "That essentially means that a lot of domestic workers may be trapped in their employer's household because leaving without permission is not allowed."

Houtan Homayounpour, head of the International Labour Organization project office in Qatar, however, sounded optimistic about the new reforms.

"This is a huge milestone for Qatar," he said. "With these reforms all workers, with the exception of military personnel and a very small number of staff in key posts, are free to leave Qatar without having to obtain the permission of their employer. Domestic workers now simply have to inform their employer that they will be leaving and do not have to ask for their approval."

He added: "The removal of exit permits and the introduction of free labour market mobility [in the coming weeks] will practically mark the end of the kafala system in the State of Qatar."

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Qatar eases exit rules but concerns linger over abuse of domestic workers

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Domestic workers in Qatar must give their employers advance notice before leaving the country, in a new policy that campaigners say raises concerns for those trapped in abusive situations. As pressure mounts on Qatar to tackle labour exploitation ahead of the 2022 World Cup, it announced last week that it was abolishing restrictions on leaving the country for nearly all migrant workers, who previously had to obtain their employer's permission.

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Week 5-Social Media has been flooded with the victims of rape and sexual assaults coming in front;responding to regimes being hopeless in the scenario.

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Week 5-Social Media has been flooded with the victims of rape and sexual assaults coming in front;responding to regimes being hopeless in the scenario.

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Women in Iran have conquered their fear on sexual assaults. As per the report,a girl remained silent for 14 years( Tehran 2006) and came forward after being inspired by other rape victims on social media.
Similar was the case with Omatali who confirmed her case by uploading her story on Instagram in mid-August which broke other's silence too. As a result, last week of August,the cops arrested the criminal while giving full support to women to speak for their rights.In this wave of protests along with # Me Too movement, women of Iran began to rise their voices against sexual abuse while having full support from the Iranian government in the form of laws. However, the women together also held responsible the education system as sex education was not being taught at all so as to provide awareness to people, especially to sexual assault victims for whom to approach to. There were other reasons too for the failure of reporting the crime such as more than one eye witnesses etc. Yet at the end, women began to talk about it without any hesitation.

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Dozens of Iranian women have taken to social media to share their stories of sexual harassment and rape, breaking years of silence and shedding light on a legal system that is weighted against the victims.

For 14 years, Sara Omatali kept her personal trauma under wraps, unable to speak out about the ordeal she suffered in Tehran in the summer of 2006. The former journalist, who now lives in the United States, was sexually assaulted while interviewing a prominent artist in the Iranian capital. A week ago, she finally decided to break her silence on Twitter.

Omatali is among dozens of Iranian women who have recently taken to social media to denounce the sexual harassment and abuse they suffered. Some have used the #MeToo hashtag, coined in the wake of the Harvey Weinstein scandal.

نوشتن این چند سطر از سخت‌ترین کارهایی است که کرده‌ام. قرار است ماجرایی را بخوانید که ممکن است آدمی را که نزد خیلی‌هایتان فردی خردمند و فرهیخته و داناست و از روشنفکرهای محبوب، به کل زیر سؤال ببرد. این روایت را سال‌ها حمل کرده‌ام و دیگر دلیلی برای حمل مصلحت‌اندیشانه‌شان نمی‌بینم/
- Sara Omatali (@SOmatali) August 22, 2020

Omatali was encouraged to speak out after reading the account of another young woman who said she was raped three years ago by a Tehran socialite. In her account posted on Instagram in mid-August, the woman said she woke up naked after her assailant had drugged and raped her. Her post soon went viral and more than a dozen women have since come forward to claim they were attacked by the same man.

Faced with the backlash, Tehran police arrested the suspect on August 25. In a rare twist, Iranian authorities have encouraged women to come forward and press charges.

"We assure the anonymity of all complaints," said Hossein Rahimi, Tehran's police chief, in remarks carried by the IRNA state news agency.

In recent weeks, other Iranian women have taken to Instagram and Twitter to name their alleged assailants. The accused include a university professor as well as prominent artists, actors and writers.

Several of the victims said they were minors at the time of the abuse. Some, mostly journalists, have dared to speak out without using a pseudonym.

Their accounts have elicited a wave of support on social media. In some cases, lawyers have offered legal advice, mindful that the accusations could turn against the plaintiffs. Some have offered to counsel victims pro bono.

"If you have been raped, you should tell the police you were a virgin before the assault," read one comment on a victims' post, according to French daily Le Monde.

Under Iranian law, sexual intercourse before marriage is punishable by 99 lashes and alcohol consumption is also banned.
A biased legal system
The flurry of accounts on social media has helped to crack a long-standing taboo and raise awareness of rampant sexual abuse, Omatali said in an interview with Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty.

"In the absence of systematic education about sexual issues in Iran, this group movement improves the atmosphere for a public discussion and creates a precious opportunity for education," she said.

"All these years I remained silent, as I was afraid of those who would tell me I had no evidence to prove my claim ... but now, I feel that it is below my dignity to stay silent out of fear," the Washington-based educator added on Twitter.

It is not only the personal trauma and the fear of social stigma that force victims into silence. The laws of the Islamic Republic also act as a deterrent for many victims, according to lawyer Mohammad Oliaeifard.

In remarks carried by Persian-language website IranWire, Oliaeifard stressed the difficulty of proving rape in an Iranian court. To be recognised as such, a rape must be confirmed by multiple eyewitnesses and involve penile penetration.

The severity of punishments meted out can also dissuade victims from pressing charges, with convicted rapists in Iran likely to be sentenced to capital punishment.

Le Monde spoke to one accuser of the alleged serial rapist who was arrested in late August and recounted her qualms about the possible consequences of a lawsuit.

"It troubles me that he might end up being executed," she told the French daily. "I'm against the death penalty, even in cases of rape."

Iran's vice-president for women and family affairs, Masoumeh Ebtekar, praised women on Friday for speaking out on sexual assault and called on the judiciary to "forcefully confront" rapists.

"The fact that our girls talk seriously and with intensity about the issue is very valuable, even if it is painful," Ebtekar was quoted as saying by Borna news agency. The government is currently working on new legislation against sexual violence to present to parliament, she added.
The article was translated from the original in French.

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Iranian women go online to break silence over sexual abuse

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Dozens of Iranian women have taken to social media to share their stories of sexual harassment and rape, breaking years of silence and shedding light on a legal system that is weighted against the victims. For 14 years, Sara Omatali kept her personal trauma under wraps, unable to speak out about the ordeal she suffered in Tehran in the summer of 2006.

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 Week 7:- Majority of men in Middle East survey believes a women's place is in the home.

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 Week 7:- Majority of men in Middle East survey believes a women's place is in the home.

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The news represented a survey mainly conduct across the middle east and north Africa. The survey reveals that most men have the sexiest and narrower view of the women in their nations either they are at workplace or home.
Most people believe that girls should be less educated than boys and not work outside their homes. Countries like Egypt where women agreed to take jobs as their partners if they are married but less than half of the men were agree with this condition. People mainly get these kinds of views from their childhood  when they see that there mother is doing household works and their father is going outside to earn money which creates inequality and there views get changed if they see opposite condition as if they have their parents educated, and both of them are going outside for work.
Single men cannot meet the day to day household needs with their sole income, which causes anxiety and mental disorders, in order to so there should be equality between genders to maintain equilibrium.
I learn from this news that both men and women equal and society should them equally so that they both can achieve their goals and can live freely in the society.

Source:-https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2017/may/02/majority-of-men-in-middle-east-north-africa-survey-believe-a-womans-place-is-in-the-home

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Be sure to read the updated assignment instructions and good luck with your final 3 posts!

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Be sure to read the updated assignment instructions and good luck with your final 3 posts!

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Be sure to read the updated assignment instructions and good luck with your final 3 posts!

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Be sure to read the updated assignment instructions and good luck with your final 3 posts!

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Be sure to read the updated assignment instructions and good luck with your final 3 posts!

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Be sure to read the updated assignment instructions and good luck with your final 3 posts!

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Be sure to read the updated assignment instructions and good luck with your final 3 posts!

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Be sure to read the updated assignment instructions and good luck with your final 3 posts!

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Be sure to read the updated assignment instructions and good luck with your final 3 posts!

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Be sure to read the updated assignment instructions and good luck with your final 3 posts!

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Be sure to read the updated assignment instructions and good luck with your final 3 posts!

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Be sure to read the updated assignment instructions and good luck with your final 3 posts!

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Be sure to read the updated assignment instructions and good luck with your final 3 posts!

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Be sure to read the updated assignment instructions and good luck with your final 3 posts!

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Week 7: Ottoman Influence on present day Turkish culture.

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Week 7: Ottoman Influence on present day Turkish culture.

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Throughout history, Turkish lands have been home to many different peoples and settlements, but the one that has had the biggest impact in terms of culture would have to be the Ottoman empire. The clearest testimony to this claim would be the infrastructure and the exquisite architecture of the country, which has deep roots from Ottoman civilization. People walking in the streets of Istanbul can imagine and experience the type of lifestyle that was lived through looking at the buildings and the type of artistry that comes along with it. Another thing that was continued from the Ottoman empire is the faith that was taught and passed on, being the Islamic faith. Islam is a core part of Turkish faith because of the fact that it was implemented for so long throughout their history. I learnt that even if a civilization or an empire looses its continuity or is reformed, Its legacy lives on and the cultural practices that are left behind can be timeless and practiced regardless.

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Although the lands of Turkey have been home to a series of major civilizations throughout thousands of years, without doubt, the last civilization, Ottoman Empire has left the largest legacy. In fact, far beyond a mere legacy, the Turkish Republic is widely regarded as a continuation of the Ottoman Empire and thus cultural and political controversies surrounding this subject are still topical in today's Turkey. The debate between the more conservative view that Turkey should follow the cultural legacies of the Ottoman Empire, for example in the foreign policy, and the more modernist view that Turkey should break with the Ottoman past leaves a strong mark on the cultural world of the country. Thus, Ottoman legacy is not a subject forgotten on the dusty pages of the history books, rather one of the most current subjects in the cultural and political life of Turkey.

The most vivid legacies of the Ottoman history, without doubt, can be seen in the cultural sphere, especially in architecture. In particular, the grandeur Ottoman buildings in the capital of the Ottoman Empire, in İstanbul, still provide an identity and a source of inspiration for the country. İstanbul, in fact, is an open-air museum of the living Ottoman history, and it is possible to breath the atmosphere of the Empire in the daily life while walking on the streets of the historical peninsula.

It won't be an exaggeration to say that Ottoman legacies still have strong imprints on the traditional music, handicrafts and literature. At the same time, one of the ongoing debates in the country is the nature of the relationship of the Ottoman culture with the Islamic culture. Some views largely equate the Ottoman culture with the Islamıc culture, while others emphasize the multicultural, multi-religion nature of the Ottoman world. Western cultural currents, which had gained momentum in the early years of the Republic, declined in 1980s and cultural motives akin to the Ottoman culture have gained weight again.

The imprints of the Ottoman legacies on the historical and political developments of the Republican era can also be easily seen. Westernization efforts of the Ottoman Empire in the 19 th century have gained momentum in the Republican era. It is a widespread view that Turkey's application to enter the European Union and, in general, Turkey's policies of establishing alliances with the Western states have been continuation of the Ottoman policies. On the other side of the coin, Turkish Republic has inherited a series of problems from the Ottoman Empire. The Cyprus problem, tensions with Greece and the Kurdish problem are among the subjects that show how deep the impact of the Ottoman history lays on the contemporary Turkish Republic.

The reforms carried out in the Ottoman Empire throughout the 19 th century resulted in the modernization of especially the administrative structure of the Empire. This administrative modernization paved the way for the establishment of the new institutions, in which the founding fathers of the Republic received their education. For this reason, some historians emphasize the deep imprints of the Ottoman Empire on the administrative structures of the modern Turkey. Consequently, it is fair to say that there is both a break and continuity between the Ottoman history and the Republic.

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Although the lands of Turkey have been home to a series of major civilizations throughout thousands of years, without doubt, the last civilization, Ottoman Empire has left the largest legacy. In fact, far beyond a mere legacy, the Turkish Republic is widely regarded as a continuation of the Ottoman Empire and thus cultural and political controversies surrounding this subject are still topical in today's Turkey.

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Week 6: ‘God help us’ if Trump wins re-election, Palestinian PM says

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Week 6: ‘God help us’ if Trump wins re-election, Palestinian PM says

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Whether we like it or not, American Politics has an impact on many countries around the world. One of these countries being Palestine, which has a long-lasting dispute over land with Israel. In an article written on the 13th of October, the president’s discontent for Trump’s Administration becomes apparent. In a statement, he says, “God help us, Gold help you and God help the world” he mentions how unfairly the country has been treated in terms of deal-making with bordering Israel. This dissatisfaction comes from four years of the Trump Administration after they repeatedly removed policy favoring Israel over the west bank dispute. Such actions undeniably show us the dominance that the US has over other countries. While they may not be dominant over Canada, the US’s politics, in a way, does affect our politics as well. The trade of goods between Canada and the US has been going for decades. If that were to come to a halt for whatever reason, it would significantly impact our country’s politics as the US is our leading trading partner.

Word Count: 177

Source: https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/10/13/god-help-us-if-trump-wins-re-election-palestinian-pm-says

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Week 7: The women fighting to protect Yemen.               Women in Yemen took part in the war along with men to protect their country’s culture and natives. Yemen has been shelled by terrorism, civil war and caused danger to human lives. After the war, there has been sudden rise in reported issues of gender-based violence. Conditions for Yemeni women and girls are worsening as the fight in Yemen keep going. The situation of the country has really diminished. A lot of problems that Yemeni women faced started after the war. Women were being tortured by their husband. They lost their guardians, husbands and family in the war. Women became the breadwinner for their families as their men were killed in the war. This news shows a lot of regression about change in the lives of women in terms of safety and financial problems. The situation denied by women through strikes. Women did protests and raise voice for their rights. Women said that they are willing to die even. Women didn’t care even though they were arrested or attacked. They want their men or sons to be out of prison. The attack of wars and bomb has shelled living or housing areas in Yemen and lot of people lost their lives. This war also put impact on cultural and economic strategies of the country. After watching this news, I learned that women should be treated equally as men. They have the right to freedom, to raise voice and should be treated equally. Women should not lose hope as they can also do anything they want to do for their rights. Women should have strong desire to do something as everything is possible in this world nothing impossible. Source: https://youtu.be/dbU37lo5fV4

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Week 7: The women fighting to protect Yemen.               Women in Yemen took part in the war along with men to protect their country’s culture and natives. Yemen has been shelled by terrorism, civil war and caused danger to human lives. After the war, there has been sudden rise in reported issues of gender-based violence. Conditions for Yemeni women and girls are worsening as the fight in Yemen keep going. The situation of the country has really diminished. A lot of problems that Yemeni women faced started after the war. Women were being tortured by their husband. They lost their guardians, husbands and family in the war. Women became the breadwinner for their families as their men were killed in the war. This news shows a lot of regression about change in the lives of women in terms of safety and financial problems. The situation denied by women through strikes. Women did protests and raise voice for their rights. Women said that they are willing to die even. Women didn’t care even though they were arrested or attacked. They want their men or sons to be out of prison. The attack of wars and bomb has shelled living or housing areas in Yemen and lot of people lost their lives. This war also put impact on cultural and economic strategies of the country. After watching this news, I learned that women should be treated equally as men. They have the right to freedom, to raise voice and should be treated equally. Women should not lose hope as they can also do anything they want to do for their rights. Women should have strong desire to do something as everything is possible in this world nothing impossible. Source: https://youtu.be/dbU37lo5fV4

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week7:- Play explores oppression of Afghan women and questions their traditional roles.

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week7:- Play explores oppression of Afghan women and questions their traditional roles.

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This news is related to a play ‘The Good Women’ in which the afghan women Maryam Zahid show what kind of problems she and a woman of afghan faces throughout their life. As in her childhood stage she was living in Kabul which is ruled by Taliban’s where women’s were not is not considering as a part of society she also face so much difficulties like cover her whole body with cloth called burqas and all the rights that a humans should have was taken from all women’s. As after the age of 20 years she escaped from her home country to Australia and stared a play called The Good Women where she shows all the things happened in her home country.

As an overview I learned that afghan is not only country where women’s are treated like this there are many more countries where women didn’t get freedom to live their life by her own way which is very bad for that country so government of those countries should make strict rules against the people who creates home violence and stopped women to live their life freely.

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As a young woman in Afghanistan, Maryam Zahid was eager to grow up.

Refugee Maryam Zahid has written a play about Afghan women's experiences in Australia

The play, The Good Woman, explores whether Afghan women have the right to defy their traditional roles

Ms Zahid had great difficulty finding Afghan women to act in her play

"From a young age I was waiting to finish school, to go to uni, and eventually get married and have my own life and freedom," Ms Zahid said.

But her dream was far from the reality.

Ms Zahid grew up in Kabul under Taliban rule where women were essentially invisible from public life, their faces literally shadowed by full-length burqas.

"My basic human rights were taken from me," she said.

"Not being able to go to school, not being able to express yourself as a woman ... it still hurts that 20 years of my life was wasted."

In 1999 Ms Zahid escaped her wartorn country and came to Australia as a refugee.

"As soon as I stepped on the land [in Australia], it felt that I'm in a safe country and I'm free to be me," she said.

"That was the first impression - that I don't have to hide anymore."

Maryam Zahid believes the first 20 years of her life were "wasted", referring to the oppression she has faced.(ABC Radio Sydney: Harriet Tatham)

While Ms Zahid has left her country behind, she said the restrictions and oppressions imposed on women like her remained and exist within Australia, with some Afghan women living under the strict control of men.

"We do have those cultural obstacles and barriers in Afghan society here in Australia," she said.

"A lot of people think, 'Well, if she lives in Australia, she must be so happy,' but because I also work with victims of domestic violence, I know that what you see - maybe it's not [the same behind] closed doors.

"Culturally, I feel like I'm stuck between Venus and Mars."

Afghan woman on the move

Two decades on from her arrival, Ms Zahid works as a domestic violence officer based in Blacktown, western Sydney.

She also runs Afghan Women on the Move - a community group providing a safe meeting place where women from Afghanistan can talk, share food, play music, and dance without fear.

The characters portrayed by Maryam Zahid and Odile Le Clezio question what it means to be a "good" woman.(Supplied: Josh Morris)

The group, which physically meets at Blacktown Arts Centre, also has 1,500 followers online - proof of the need for a space where women can meet and talk without politics or religion being involved.

Now, after two years of conversing with the group, Ms Zahid is preparing to take to the stage, premiering a play she wrote based on her life experience and those of other Afghan women in Australia.

"The Good Woman is based on my true story and is more about the hidden trauma that I didn't want to talk about," Ms Zahid said.

Directed by Robert Colman, and performed by Ms Zahid and Odile Le Clezio, the play investigates the battle Afghan women face with their community, faith, and whether they have the right to defy traditional women's roles.

The actors debate issues like whether it is appropriate for women to post photos on Facebook and whether in fact, this would make them "bad women".

"That is my struggle to tell them: 'what is a bad woman?'," she said.

"Any woman that gets up and says something, and asks for their rights and wants to do something that challenged those patriarchies, she becomes a bad woman.

"I would say that I have a voice but I'm a good woman."

Questioning the status quo

Ms Zahid is aware that the response to her play will question the status quo, especially within the Afghan community.

Even finding an Afghan actor for her role in the play proved impossible, something Ms Zahid believes is proof of the obstacles at play.

The play, directed by Robert Colman, was inspired by the women's group Ms Zahid started, Afghan Women on the Move.(ABC Radio Sydney: Harriet Tatham)

"I was looking for an Afghan actress to play the scenes and my story, but I couldn't find any," she said.

"Even if somebody said, 'I want to help you out with acting', there are other layers or obstacles in her family; maybe her father, or uncle, or husband, or brother, or the community even can stop her.

"They're all of these uncertainties that stop us."

Despite this, Ms Zahid hopes her work will cause a reaction.

"I felt that I needed to do something new, and this is something very new in my community - to bring a live play to address the issues of women who live in a contemporary society," she said.

"When you're in a place where you feel that now you are actually safe, that you're not going to get killed, or beaten, or humiliated just because you're a woman. I thought you've got to try your luck - and this is my luck."

The Good Woman will premiere at Blacktown's Magnify Festival at 7pm on August 31.

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The 'hidden trauma' and oppression of Afghan women in Australia

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As a young woman in Afghanistan, Maryam Zahid was eager to grow up. Refugee Maryam Zahid has written a play about Afghan women's experiences in Australia The play, The Good Woman, explores whether Afghan women have the right to defy their traditional roles Ms Zahid had great difficulty finding Afghan women to act in her play "From a young age I was waiting to finish school, to go to uni, and eventually get married and have my own life and freedom," Ms Zahid said.

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week7: The female singer faces a death threat in Afghanistan.

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week7: The female singer faces a death threat in Afghanistan.

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This new is related to a popular female singer of Afghanistan Aryana Sayeed. As she gets a death threats from their own people from the people of their own country and even she was attack once by bomb which killed 7 people and injure 24. Just because she is female singer and people of Afghanistan thinks that is stream is not for women's . The girl, female who sings is definitely belongs to bad background and lacks character. They do not believe that female from a normal family can purse this career.

Aryana Sayeed is an inspiration for many girls of their country who hide their passion of singing just because of their country .From this news I learnt that it does not matter from which things are you going through if you are happy with the position or status you achieve in you life as Aryana Sayeed. She said that I want to became a role model for all the girls of my country which I get through from your love and support .
Source:https://www.bbc.com/news/topics/c8nq32jw5r5t/afghanistan

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For Future Prosperity, Afghanistan Must Look North

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For Future Prosperity, Afghanistan Must Look North

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Afghanistan has been a war corroded country for quite some time, but it wasn’t always in such a state. In an article written on October 30th, the writer discusses Afghanistan’s locational significance in Asia. For Afghanistan to go back to what it used to be in the past, It needs to distance itself from the “broader” middle east, as after all, Afghanistan is in Central Asia. The main point is that Afghanistan was not always this disconnected from its neighboring countries in Central Asia. It had an integral role in the Central Asian trade route called The Silk Road for centuries, where provinces like Herat, Kabul, Balkh, Badakshan, and Bamiyan were main stops for most traders on this route. The author of this article states that since Afghanistan is in the Central Asian region of Asia, it should reignite the old link that once prospered. After reading this article, I am starting to understand what the author is attempting to get across. If Afghanistan can start trading goods that it generates with neighboring countries and strengthens relationships with those in trading, better economic prosperity will come out.

Source:

https://www.eurasiareview.com/31102020-for-future-prosperity-afghanistan-must-look-north-oped/

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Week8: Salary abuses facing by migrants workers in Qatar

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Week8: Salary abuses facing by migrants workers in Qatar

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Qatar is rich in cultural heritage with the population of 2.7 million . The native language of Qatar is Arabic and religion is Islam. The system of sponsorship in Qatar leaves workers to depend on the their employee  for their legal residency and status in the country, placing them in a position of vulnerability that employers can, and often take advantage of it. All the power and the life of migrants are in the hands of employers as they have a right to renewing, securing and cancelling residency permit for immigrant workers which restrict the worker to work for them even they do not wants to. Not only just jobs the food and the living facilities all are in the hands of employers.
where passport confiscations, high recruitment fees, and deceptive recruitment practices are ongoing and largely go unpunished, this system continues to drive abuse, exploitation, and forced labor practices.
By this new i learnt that if we have a right to order any person life we have to use it wisely. Like , in this news the employers should give the workers a proper salary and all the other facilities.

Source: https://www.hrw.org/report/2020/08/24/how-can-we-work-without-wages/salary-abuses-facing-migrant-workers-ahead-qatars

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Week-8 Exhibition of Saudi culture proves popular with visitors in Philippines: -

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Week-8 Exhibition of Saudi culture proves popular with visitors in Philippines: -

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the exhibition which takes place on 19 February in Manila attracts large numbers of visitors as it was a 5-day event which shows what kind of things was happened in the Saudi Arabia kingdoms. the main aim of this event was to depict Saudi culture and how it changes nowadays. To understand in better way the founder of this event publishes booklets in different language. This event includes many kinds of activities which includes folkloric and musical performances which presented by the arts and heritage department which make event more enjoyable.

Overall, I learned that organizing this kind of events is very helpful to understand others culture along with this our future generation can easily get more information about their own culture with this entertaining activity. So, I recommended that all countries should organized these kinds of events once in a year so that people can attached with their own culture.

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Exhibition of Saudi culture proves popular with visitors in Philippines

The exhibition aims to shed light on Saudi culture, the history of the Kingdom and how it is adapting and flourishing in the modern era

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hajj،عرب نيوز

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Exhibition of Saudi culture proves popular with visitors in Philippines

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MANILA: The Exhibition of the History of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is proving to be a popular attraction at the Philippines Cultural Center in Manila. The five-day event, organized by the King Abdul Aziz Foundation in collaboration with the Ministry of Media and the Saudi Embassy, has attracted hundreds of visitors each day since it opened on Feb.

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Week 8:- Turkmenistan's president just banned women from driving.

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Week 8:- Turkmenistan's president just banned women from driving.

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Turkmenistan's president makes the most significant announcement that women driving is prohibited in the country because women are responsible for the highest number of car accidents on the roads. The president said that the license and the car would be seized from the women who will seem to be driving on the road.
The country's crazy president also banned black cars because he loves white car, which he considers a symbol of good luck and success. Anyone having a black car needs to paint it in another color that observes to be expensive for society's citizens.
I learned from this news that everyone has their likes and dislikes. A prime minister or president only needs to be focus on the current issues which are important but not on their personal ideology. If women are responsible for road accidents, then there should be proper guidance given to them rather than banning the driving.

Source:-https://driving.ca/auto-news/news/turkmenistans-president-just-banned-women-from-driving

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Week 8:  Bahrain Revolution Museum shut down

The leader of Bahrain's opposite party named Ali Sal man has been charged and arrested of insulting the authorities of the Museum . Bahraini forces stormed the "revolution museum"  to be shut down after watching the exhibition on the wall of museum. the Hall Of  Museum showed the paintings or photos of the people tortured in prisons, protestors that were killed in clashes and run away from tear  gas. The ministry of Bahraini said  that this kind of exhibition can cause violence . The theme of the Museum is too guilty as a authorities get frustrated by watching these kinds of exhibitions on the walls of Museum.  In  2011 , Bahrain  was full of mass protests for reforms in politics and for constitutional monarchy . It  was forced to shut down because the exhibition on the wall of the Museum is dedicated to the revolution against the Al Khalifa family and crackdown of Manama's violence. Many of the protesters were killed and some were arrested . the shut down  for Revolution Museum cause the cultural violence in the country.

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To be honest, if not for these Media Assignments, I wouldn’t be as aware as I am now about current events happening in the Middle East. I have learned a significant amount about the middle east by reading numerous articles per week and writing reports. My favorite piece that I read and wrote about was regarding Afghanistan’s road to prosperity. Better days are ahead if and when Afghanistan reignites its trade with its Central Asian neighboring countries. I thought that was quite interesting and different from many other takes that other articles about Afghanistan’s future outlook discussed about.  Although this is the final News and Media Curation assignment, I won’t stop finding these articles and reading them once in a while. It was enjoyable to do so every week and kept me informed.

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I have learnt a great information about the culture , religion, believes, tradition and any other policies of different countries of Middle east .I get the knowledge related to discrimination that was help in many countries specially towards women's on many different issues like marriage, driving, etc.
From all the above news I like my  third padlet post the most because in that news women's fight for there right to pray loud in front of there religious place. I have learnt that if you really wants to do something no matter how hard and how long the process  will take just do not loose your hope and stay brave.

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I learned so many things about anthropology and how its work through different tasks post the news is one of good way to grab more knowledge. As in this news and curation I learned about different religion and about their beliefs along with this one of shocking news which I read was the mother name was not allowed on a national id of a child which depicts the discrimination among women in that nation. along with this one of news of middle east that was discrimination among women in workplace is seen everywhere which is totaly against humanity beacuse everyone have equal chance in this modern era. So to an some extent these rules help to organize society in a better way and giving a great future to a new generation.

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Posting news from different countries is a helpful way to learn the other countries' culture because it provides critical knowledge of the specific region/place's customs or habits like what kind of rules people are following, discrimination from which people are suffering and their various lifestyles. I enjoyed this part a lot of the course as every week; we have to look for other news of different cultures and then post in the padlet, which helps better understand the civilization . I enjoyed post 1, giving birth to a baby by a lady who was not married. I never heard about this rule in my life that it is considered illegal in some countries. I observed from all news that the discrimination is a basic issue is many countries and it should be improved by the country's government to boost the heritage and economy of the country.

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I want to said that I came to learn more deeply about anthropology with the help of this News and Media Curation posts because these posts helped me to know about culture widely instead of a book warm. Due to this, I am not just dependent on the book world to know about anthropology. I found this idea of instructor more innovative and creative to give the students deep knowledge about cultural anthropology. The post that I liked the most is the post of week-1 because this post shed a clear light on the culture and its prevention by the people of the nation. Also, I achieved best grades in this post. Besides it, I came to learn about the culture, tradition and customs, religions about the countries of the middle east. I learnt from the news posts that culture plays prominent role in everyones life.