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.Gives freedom to blacks and bans slavery
.Ratification completed in December.

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.Freedmen's Bureau allows easy access to free rights
.Remains in operation until 1868

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.President Abraham Lincoln is shot by John Wilkes Booth
.As a result Andrew Johnson becomes president

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.Southern Democrat Andrew Johnson, becomes president.
.President Johnson announces his plan of Presidential Reconstruction. It calls for general amnesty and restoration of property -- except for slaves -- to all Southerners who will swear loyalty to the Union.

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Southern states enact laws restricting rights of African Americans.

Black Codes were further enforced by the K.K.K

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Confers citizenship on African Americans and guarantees equal rights.

Signed on April 6, 1866

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White civilians and police kill 46 African Americans and destroy 90 houses, schools, and four churches in Memphis, Tennessee.

During three days of racial violence in Memphis in May, 1866, white mobs destroyed hundreds of structures in the black community, including a freedman's school.

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.The KKK in formed in Pulaski, Tennessee
.The KKK is a secret organization to intimidate African Americans and restore white rule is founded in Pulaski, Tennessee.

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Congress divides the former Confederacy into five military districts and requires elections in which African American men can vote.

The military personnel helps blacks have better access to their rights.

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Guarantees due process and equal protection under the law to African Americans.

Ratified during the presidency of Andrew Johnson.

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14th Amendment: Simplified Summary, Text & Impact

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The 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, ratified in 1868, granted citizenship to all persons born or naturalized in the United States—including former slaves—and guaranteed all citizens “equal protection of the laws.”

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Black and white lawmakers begin to work side by side in the Southern states' constitutional conventions.
These were the first political meetings in American history to include substantial numbers of black men.

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The Second Constitution: Unraveling the 14th Amendment

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Known as the Shotgun Policy in South Carolina, the Mississippi Plan called for the bribery or intimidation of black voters.

Financial enticements were given to blacks who supported the Democrats, and violence was waged on others in order to convince them to join a Democratic club for protection.

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The Compromise of 1877 was an unwritten deal, informally arranged among U.S. Congressmen, that settled the intensely disputed 1876 presidential election.

It resulted in the United States federal government pulling the last troops out of the South, and formally ending the Reconstruction Era.