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Nagehan Baykan Afşar-Izmir Bornova Vocational Training Center

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Nagehan Baykan Afşar-Izmir Bornova Vocational Training Center

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If an air mass gets warmer than its current state, it rises above the atmosphere and with the rise of this air mass, the same volume of cold air mass settles into the empty space. The displacement of these air masses is called wind. Wind energy, on the other hand, is the motion energy of the air flow that forms the wind. The source of wind energy is the sun. 1-2% of solar energy turns into wind energy.

Bir hava kütlesi mevcut durumundan daha fazla ısınırsa atmosferin yukarısına doğru yükselir ve bu hava kütlesinin yükselmesiyle boşalan yere, aynı hacimdeki soğuk hava kütlesi yerleşir. Bu hava kütlelerinin yer değiştirmesine rüzgar adı verilmektedir. Rüzgâr enerjisi ise rüzgârı oluşturan hava akımının sahip olduğu hareket enerjisidir. Rüzgar enerjisinin kaynağı güneştir. Güneş enerjisinin %1-2’lik kısmı rüzgar enerjisine dönüşür.

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Asiye / Şehit Üsteğmen Murat Yıldız Multi-Program Anatolian High School , İZMİR

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Asiye / Şehit Üsteğmen Murat Yıldız Multi-Program Anatolian High School , İZMİR

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Solar energy
Solar energy, the cleanest renewable energy source on the earth, is actually heat energy. Most of this energy consists of hydrogen. For this reason, it is known as the cleanest renewable energy source in the world.
Solar energy usage areas
It is used in agriculture, animal husbandry, service sector, energy and heat sources of shopping centers, hospitals, fuel stations and storage areas. In addition, by installing solar panels in areas where electrical energy cannot reach, the energy needs of these poles are met.

Güneş enerjisi
Yeryüzünün en temiz yenilenebilir enerji kaynagi olan güneş enerjisi, aslında ısıma enerjisidir. Bu enerjinin büyük bir kısmı hidrojenden oluşmaktadır. Bu sebeple yeryüzünün en temiz yenilenebilir enerji kaynağı olarak bilinmektedir.

Güneş enerjisi kullanım alanları
Tarım, hayvancılık, hizmet sektörü, alışveriş merkezlerinin enerji ve ısı
kaynakları, hastaneler, akaryakıt istasyonları ve
depolama alanlarında kullanılmaktadır. Ayrıca,
elektrik enerjisinin ulaşamadığı bölgelere güneş enerjisi paneli kurularak bu
bölgelerin enerji ihtiyaçları giderilmektedir.

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Asiye / Şehit Üsteğmen Murat Yıldız Multi-Program Anatolian High School , İZMİR

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Asiye / Şehit Üsteğmen Murat Yıldız Multi-Program Anatolian High School , İZMİR

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Wind energy
Kinetic energy arising from the movement of wind is called wind energy. Wind energy has been used by converting it into mechanical and eventually electrical energy and continues to be used more widely today. The basic parameters are the mass and velocity of the moving air. As the speed of the mass with high weight increases, the energy also increases
Wind energy is one of the renewable energy sources. It does not emit any harmful waste to the environment, it is a clean energy.
Wind energy usage areas
Wind energy usage areas cover every area where electricity is available. To put it briefly; Lighting systems, water storage areas, water pumping systems, cooling mechanisms, charging systems, grain grinding mechanisms and transportation sector are the first to come to mind.

Rüzgar enerjisi
Rüzgarın hareketiyle ortaya çıkan kinetik enerjiye rüzgar enerjisi denir. Rüzgar enerjisi, mekanik ve sonunda da elektrik enerjisine çevrilerek kullanılmıştır ve günümüzde daha yaygın olarak kullanılmaya devam etmektedir. Temel parametreler, hareket eden havanın kütlesi ve hızıdır. Ağırlığı yüksek olan kütlenin hızı arttıkça enerji de artış gösterir
Rüzgar enerjisi, yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarından biridir. Çevreye herhangi bir zararlı atık yaymaz, temiz bir enerjidir.

Rüzgar enerjisi kullanım alanları
Rüzgar enerjisi kullanım alanları elektriğin olduğu her alanı kapsar. Kısaca saymak gerekirse; aydınlatma sistemleri, su depolama alanları, su pompalama sistemleri, soğutma mekanizmaları, şarj sistemleri, tahıl öğütme mekanizmaları ve taşımacılık sektörü akla gelenlerdir.

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Asiye / Şehit Üsteğmen Murat Yıldız Multi-Program Anatolian High School , İZMİR

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Asiye / Şehit Üsteğmen Murat Yıldız Multi-Program Anatolian High School , İZMİR

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The Bees
The importance of bees for nature is not limited to bees and honey alone. Pollination is one of the most important jobs they do. Today, approximately 80% of the flowering plants in the world, from the fruits that decorate our tables to the huge forest ecosystems, are pollinated with bees.
It is impossible to imagine a nature and human life without bees. However, unfortunately things are not getting better for bees. Bee existence around the world has been under serious threats for years. Their numbers are decreasing rapidly. Against all these problems, we need to take all possible precautions in order to protect the bees' enchanting roles in nature and to protect their health.

We can protect the lives of all living things, including bees, by protecting green areas.

Arılar
Arıların doğa için önemi yalnızca bal arısı ve balla sınırlı değildir. Yaptıkları en önemli işlerin başında tozlaşma gelir. Bugün sofralarımızı süsleyen meyvelerden tutun kocaman orman ekosistemlerine dek dünya üzerinde bulunan çiçekli bitkilerin yaklaşık olarak% 80'i arilar ile tozlaşmaktadır.
Arılarin yazılan bir doğa ve insan yaşami hayal etmek mümkün değildir. Buna rağmen maalesef arılar için deriler iyiye gitmiyor. Dünya genelinde arı varlığı yıllardır çok ciddi tehditler altındadır. Sayılarında hizla azalmalar meydana gelmektedir. Tüm bu sorunlara karşı arıların doğadaki büyüleyici rollerine devam edebilmesi için gereken her türlü korumayi ve sağlıklarını koruyabilmek için her türlü olan önlemleri almamiz
Yeşil alanlara sahip çikarak arılar dahil tüm canlılarin yaşamlarinı koruyabiliriz.

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Asiye / Şehit Üsteğmen Murat Yıldız Multi-Program Anatolian High School , İZMİR

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Asiye / Şehit Üsteğmen Murat Yıldız Multi-Program Anatolian High School , İZMİR

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Invasive Species
Invasive species, also called alien invasive species, is a term used for species that naturally enter an ecosystem other than the ecosystem in which they live, where they overgrow and affect the entire ecosystem. they are later included in the natural species of that alanine, and they can be harmful or harmful in newly entered areas. Invasive species can compete and prevail with native species for resource use or habitat, thereby changing the structure of the community and leading the community towards extinction.

İstilacı Tür
Yabancı istilacı türler olarak da adlandırılan istilacı türler, doğal olarak yaşadıkları ekosistemden başka bir ekosisteme giren ve burada aşırı çoğalıp tüm ekosistemi etkisi altına alan türler için kullanılan bir terim.
o alanın doğal türleri arasına sonradan girer ve yeni girdikleri alanlarda zararlı olabilirler veya zararlıdırlar.
İstilacı türler kaynak kullanımı veya habitat (doğal ortam) için yerli türlerle rekabet edip onlara üstün gelebilirler, böylece komünitenin yapısını değiştirirler ve komüniteyi yok oluşa doğru götürebilirler.

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FERAH KÜTÜK/UZUN MEHMET VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL,KDZ.EREĞLİ

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FERAH KÜTÜK/UZUN MEHMET VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL,KDZ.EREĞLİ

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Sun rays cause different temperature, pressure and humidity to form on the earth. These cause uneven heating and cooling of the earth. The forces arising from the different heating and cooling of the earth create air movements.
If an air mass gets warmer than its current state, it rises above the atmosphere and with the rise of this air mass, the same volume of cold air mass settles in the empty space. The displacement of these air masses is called wind. Wind energy is the motion energy of the air flow that forms the wind. The source of wind energy is the sun. 1-2% of solar energy turns into wind energy.

Although the air currents (continuous winds) between the Poles and the Equator and from dynamic high pressure zones to dynamic low pressure zones play an important role in terms of energy generation, winds based on air currents between lands and seas and between mountains and valleys (cyclic and local winds) are also is important.

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SEDA/UZUN MEHMET VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL(FERAH KÜTÜK)

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SEDA/UZUN MEHMET VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL(FERAH KÜTÜK)

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Air movement or air mass directed from high pressure areas to low pressure areas has kinetic energy of varying potential. From this kinetic energy of the wind, by rotating the propellers of various sizes, direct mechanical power or transformed power, in other words electrical energy, is obtained. The main forces in the atmosphere that cause the wind to move on the earth's surface and affect the speed of the wind; pressure gradient force, Coriolis force, centrifugal force and friction force.

Related Content - What Are Renewable Energy Sources?
Pressure gradient force is the force acting to try to flow air from high pressure to low pressure. Coriolis force is known as the deflecting force of ground rotation.

Winds generally swirl around a center. As a result of this movement, they are under the influence of a force that wants to distance themselves from their circulation centers. This force is called the centrifugal force.

The force that is not effective in producing the wind and that tries to slow the wind speed is called the friction force. This force is greatest near the ground and is carried upwards by turbulences. This force, arising from the friction of the wind, slows the wind up to 450-600 m above ground.

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FERAH KÜTÜK/UZUN MEHMET VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL,KDZ.EREĞLİ

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FERAH KÜTÜK/UZUN MEHMET VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL,KDZ.EREĞLİ

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The sun is made up of about 90% hydrogen. "Solar Energy" emerges thanks to the combination of the hydrogens in the sun to helium and the emergence of energy in return for the loss of mass during this transformation. With a surface temperature of 5500 and a core temperature of 15.6 million, the Sun is like a fusion reaction reactor that converts hydrogen into helium by working uninterruptedly.

Two hydrogen protons fuse into a neutron and a proton, producing a positron and an electron neutrino. The energy corresponding to the mass loss is calculated with Albert Einstein's formula "E = m x c2".

3.86 × 1026 Joules of energy is released by 1038 fusion reactions that occur in the sun in one second. (In other words, 259 × 109 reactions take place for 1 J solar energy.) This one-second gigantic energy is the energy of 4 million tons of hydrogen mass exposed during the conversion of 564 tons of hydrogen to 560 tons of helium.

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SEDA/UZUN MEHMET VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL(FERAH KÜTÜK)

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SEDA/UZUN MEHMET VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL(FERAH KÜTÜK)

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Solar energy, which is formed as a result of reactions, gives life to our Earth, and now, with the rapid advancement of technology, the Sun can now be used in electricity generation.

4 million tons of mass is transformed into energy per second from the sun. Since the sun will continue to shine for millions of years, it is an endless source of energy for our world. All energy resources (oil, coal, wind, water cycle…) in our world are made up of the sun.
Solar energy systems are used in many areas from hot water production to electrical energy generation. Some of those:

Hot water supply,
Heating buildings / something,
Cooling of buildings / things,
Obtaining steam,
Plant, fruit, vegetable, etc. drying,
Electricity generation
Hydrogen production,
Desalination of sea water, pure water and salt production etc.

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FERAH KÜTÜK/UZUN MEHMET VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL,KDZ.EREĞLİ

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FERAH KÜTÜK/UZUN MEHMET VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL,KDZ.EREĞLİ

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The importance of bees to life is much more than expected. When bee is mentioned, they think of producing honey. However, the benefits are not limited to producing honey. Although there are pollen, propolis, beeswax, royal jelly and bee venom, their productions and benefits are endless.

Although we are afraid of bees and run away from the possibility of being stung when we see them, these little creatures actually carry the weight of the world on their backs. If we say that there is no world without bees, we would not be exaggerating. We must know very well what the importance of bees to life is and we must take care of them more.Considering the importance of bees for life, we cannot pass without counting the first thing that comes to mind for all of you. Due to its natural and antibacterial properties, honey is included in the list of very healthy and beneficial foods. It contains; Antibacterial and antioxidant heal wounds. Naturally produced without the intervention of humans and chemicals, honey is used as a much healthier alternative to high fructose corn syrup used in processed food production.

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SEDA/UZUN MEHMET VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL(FERAH KÜTÜK)

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SEDA/UZUN MEHMET VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL(FERAH KÜTÜK)

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Bees are the keystone in the ecosystem. Because bees are needed for the continuation of life in the world. If they disappear, the life in the world will not continue for a long time. So why are these incredible creatures so important? What are small creatures doing and maintaining life? After all, we just eat the honey they make, or they appear next to us while eating mussels relaxed by the sea in the summer and drive us crazy.
The reason bees are so important in the ecosystem is that they help pollinate plants while feeding on the nectar of flowers. All plants pollinate in their life cycle and during this pollination they need creatures to carry their pollen to the eggs. At this point, bees emerge. The flowers attract bees with their colorful petals, fragrant scents and delicious nectar. While the bee eats the delicious nectars, it leaves the pollen in the flower on the hairy body of the bee. Thus, while the bee goes from one flower to another and feeds its stomach, it also pollinates. In other words, if there were no bees, if there were no plants, there would be no food for humans and other living things, we would probably starve.

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FERAH KÜTÜK/UZUN MEHMET VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL,KDZ.EREĞLİ

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FERAH KÜTÜK/UZUN MEHMET VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL,KDZ.EREĞLİ

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As a result of globalization, wildlife is also moving around on our planet. Some species that have moved from their natural habitats to different parts of the world are sometimes unable to adapt to these new environmental conditions. Others adapt to all conditions and proliferate rapidly. Plant and animal species that are transported to a different point of the world can sometimes turn into invasive creatures. When this happens, they threaten the natural balance, alter the functioning of the ecosystem and damage their new homes, proliferate, reduce the number of native species, and initiate real destruction.
Quagga ( Zebra) Midyesi
Water Hyacinth
Burmese Python
Japanese Ivy
Crazy Yellow Ants

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SEDA/UZUN MEHMET VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL(FERAH KÜTÜK)

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SEDA/UZUN MEHMET VOCATIONAL AND TECHNICAL ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL(FERAH KÜTÜK)

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Invasive species rank second only to habitat degradation, such as deforestation, as a threat to biodiversity. Almost half of the species at risk of extinction in the USA are endangered by impacts brought alone or impacts combined with other processes. In reality, the species discovered are seen as a greater threat to indigenous biodiversity than pollution, harvests and disease. Invasive species threaten (1) disease-causing, (2) disease-causing, (2) acting like predators or parasites, (3) acting as competitors, (4) altering their habitat, or (5) hybridizing with native species. .

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KÜBRA.MYL ŞEHİT ÜSTEĞMEN MURAT YILDIZ ÇOK PROGRAMLI ANADOLU LİSESİ
İLGİ DİLMEN

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KÜBRA.MYL ŞEHİT ÜSTEĞMEN MURAT YILDIZ ÇOK PROGRAMLI ANADOLU LİSESİ
İLGİ DİLMEN

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KÜBRA.MYL ŞEHİT ÜSTEĞMEN MURAT YILDIZ ÇOK PROGRAMLI ANADOLU LİSESİ
İLGİ DİLMEN

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KÜBRA.MYL ŞEHİT ÜSTEĞMEN MURAT YILDIZ ÇOK PROGRAMLI ANADOLU LİSESİ
İLGİ DİLMEN

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Bruna - Santos Simões School (Guimarães, Portugal)

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Bruna - Santos Simões School (Guimarães, Portugal)

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Wind power or wind energy is the use of wind to provide mechanical power through wind turbines to turn electric generators for electrical power. Wind power is a popular sustainable, renewable source of power that has a much smaller impact on the environment compared to burning fossil fuels. Wind energy offers many advantages: it is sustainable because it is clean and renewable; can be installed in remote areas;  it is cost-effective and create jobs; wind power plants can be built on farms or ranches and farmers can continue to work the land.

The major disadvantages of this form of energy are: Intermittency, because the wind does not always blow when electricity is needed; noise pollution; considerable visual impact (aesthetic pollution); impact in local wildlife, specially birds.

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Büşra Ç. İzmir/Foça RMAL-(TÜLİN TAŞPINAR)

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Büşra Ç. İzmir/Foça RMAL-(TÜLİN TAŞPINAR)

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What is Wind Energy?
Wind energy is the name given to the kinetic energy that the wind has as a result of its movement. This energy is converted into mechanical and electrical energy and is widely used in the past and present. The mass and velocity of the amount of air carried by the wind are the main parameters of wind energy. The faster the high-weight air mass, the more wind energy it contains.Wind energy is a renewable energy source. It is a clean energy that does not emit any harmful waste to the environment. This energy was used mechanically in ancient times. Today, wind energy is mostly used in electricity generation. With fossil fuels harming nature seriously and increasing the effects of global warming and the depletion of the reserves of this resource, people started to generate electricity from renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, water and biogas. Wind energy is also in an important position among today's energy systems.

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Büşra Ç. İzmir/Foça RMAL-(Tülin TAŞPINAR)

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Büşra Ç. İzmir/Foça RMAL-(Tülin TAŞPINAR)

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WHAT İS THE SOLAR ENERGY?
Solar energy is heat and bright light, the source of which is the Sun. It is the radiative energy released by the fusion process in the core of the sun. The conversion of hydrogen gas in the sun to helium is due to the fusion process. The intensity of solar radiation on the surface of the Sun is approximately 6.33 x 107 W / m2. [1] The intensity of solar radiation outside of the Earth's atmosphere is roughly constant and is 1370 W / m2 (Watt / m2); however, it varies between 0-1100 W / m2 values ​​on the earth. Even a small part of this energy that comes to Earth is many times more than humanity's current energy consumption. Studies on benefiting from solar energy gained speed especially after the 1970s, solar energy systems showed a decrease in terms of technological progress and cost, and solar energy has established itself as an environmentally clean primary energy source.

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Büşra Ç. İzmir/Foça RMAL-(TÜLİN TAŞPINAR)

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Büşra Ç. İzmir/Foça RMAL-(TÜLİN TAŞPINAR)

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BEES
Represented by approximately 20 thousand species in the world and approximately 2 thousand species in Turkey, the bees continue their fascinating works for even more than 100 million years . In a date not too far from today, new findings have been reached with the studies conducted in 2014: It was found that the honey bee, a bee species, emerged from Asia 1 million years ago and spread to Europe and Africa . The scientific name of honey bee, a species found in thousands of species, is Apis mellifera. As in the rest of the world, the main honey production in Turkey is provided by honey bee. The ancient history of the honey bee is not only related to the period it lived. For thousands of years, people have also adopted the honey bee as their friend. The human being, who has settled down, has also started honey production due to bee breeding. This period is not earlier than 12,000 years. During this period, many societies, especially the Egyptians, Greeks and Romans, realized the importance of honey bees and honey, admired them and built bee houses for their shelter. The importance of bees for nature is not limited to honey bees and honey. Pollination is one of the most important jobs they do. Approximately 80% of the flowering plants in the world, from the fruits that decorate our tables to the huge forest ecosystems, are pollinated with bees.

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Büşra Ç. İzmir/Foça RMAL-(Tülin TAŞPINAR)

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Büşra Ç. İzmir/Foça RMAL-(Tülin TAŞPINAR)

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WHAT İS THE İNVASİVE SPECİES?
Invasive species, invasive alien species, invasive species or exotic invasive species is a term used in the categorization of flora and fauna in natural habitats. The different definitions are given below: This term is mostly used for exotic species that adversely affect the bioregion and habitat in which they were introduced in economic, environmental and ecological aspects. These invasive species can be plants or animals, and their territories, natural habitats, special habitats dominate due to the lack of regulators such as natural predators and herbivores, disrupting the natural balance. These include non-native, foreign plant species that grow among local plant communities and are called exotic weeds and invasive exotics. Official government agencies and wildlife conservation associations such as the World Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) use the term in this sense. The European Union defines "Invasive Alien Species" as species that are primarily outside their natural habitats and then threaten biodiversity.
The second definition of the term includes the first definition and is used for all species that form predominantly colonies in a given region as a result of the loss or lack of natural regulators, including native species as well as foreign species. The third definition is commonly used as non-native species. This definition is very broad and not every non-native species or alien species introduced into the region may show harmful effects.

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Baran Y. İzmir Vocational Trainning Center (Fatih SARI)

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Baran Y. İzmir Vocational Trainning Center (Fatih SARI)

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Baran Y. İzmir Vocational Trainning Center (Fatih SARI)

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Baran Y. İzmir Vocational Trainning Center (Fatih SARI)

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Baran Y. İzmir Vocational Trainning Center (Fatih SARI)

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Baran Y. İzmir Vocational Trainning Center (Fatih SARI)

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Baran Y. İzmir Vocational Trainning Center (Fatih SARI)

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Baran Y. İzmir Vocational Trainning Center (Fatih SARI)

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Arda K. İzmir Vocational Trainning Center (Fatih SARI)

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Arda K. İzmir Vocational Trainning Center (Fatih SARI)

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Wind energy offers many advantages, which explains why it's one of the fastest-growing energy sources in the world. Research efforts are aimed at addressing the challenges to greater use of wind energy. Read on to learn more about the benefits of wind power and some of the challenges it is working to overcome.

Wind power is cost-effective. Land-based utility-scale wind is one of the lowest-priced energy sources available today, costing 1–2 cents per kilowatt-hour after the production tax credit. Because the electricity from wind farms is sold at a fixed price over a long period of time (e.g. 20+ years) and its fuel is free, wind energy mitigates the price uncertainty that fuel costs add to traditional sources of energy.

Wind creates jobs. The U.S. wind sector employs more than 100,000 workers, and wind turbine technician is one of the fastest growing American jobs. According to the Wind Vision Report, wind has the potential to support more than 600,000 jobs in manufacturing, installation, maintenance, and supporting services by 2050.

Wind enables U.S. industry growth and U.S. competitiveness. New wind projects account for annual investments of over $10 billion in the U.S. economy. The United States has a vast domestic resources and a highly-skilled workforce, and can compete globally in the clean energy economy.

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Arda K. İzmir Vocational Trainning Center (Fatih SARI)

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Arda K. İzmir Vocational Trainning Center (Fatih SARI)

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Solar Power Is Good for the Environment

The most commonly known fact about solar energy is that it represents a clean, green source of energy. Solar power is a great way to reduce your carbon footprint. There’s nothing about solar power that pollutes mother nature. Solar power doesn’t release any greenhouse gasses, and except for needing a source of clean water to function, it uses absolutely no other resources. Hence, it’s safe and environmentally-friendly. Yet, people are still in doubt why solar energy is good.

Solar power is self-sufficient and installing solar panels on your roof is a safe and easy path to contribute to a sustainable future. Starting on your home is a great way to show you care about the environment.

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Arda K. İzmir Vocational Trainning Center (Fatih SARI)

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Arda K. İzmir Vocational Trainning Center (Fatih SARI)

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It takes more than soil, water, and sunshine to make the world green. At least 30% of the world’s crops and 90% of all plants require cross-pollination to spread and thrive, and here in Canada, bees are our most important pollinators.

Unfortunately, bee populations here and around the world are in decline.

Climate change causes some flowers to bloom earlier or later than usual, leaving bees with fewer food sources at the start of the season. Bees suffer habitat loss from development, abandoned farms, and the lack of bee-friendly flowers. Some colonies collapse due to plants and seeds treated with neonicotinoid pesticides, or harmful parasites like mites.

Even one of Ontario’s most common species of bumble bee recently became an endangered species.

The good news is there are ways gardeners can help bee populations bounce back. Planting a bee-friendly garden will not only lead to healthy and vibrant plants, it will ensure that bees continue to play their critical role in our ecosystem.

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Arda K. İzmir Vocational Trainning Center (Fatih SARI)

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Arda K. İzmir Vocational Trainning Center (Fatih SARI)

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What Makes a Species "Invasive"?

An invasive species can be any kind of living organism—an amphibian (like the cane toad), plant, insect, fish, fungus, bacteria, or even an organism’s seeds or eggs—that is not native to an ecosystem and causes harm. They can harm the environment, the economy, or even human health. Species that grow and reproduce quickly, and spread aggressively, with potential to cause harm, are given the label “invasive.”

An invasive species does not have to come from another country. For example, lake trout are native to the Great Lakes, but are considered to be an invasive species in Yellowstone Lake in Wyoming because they compete with native cutthroat trout for habitat.

How Invasive Species SpreadInvasive species are primarily spread by human activities, often unintentionally. People, and the goods we use, travel around the world very quickly, and they often carry uninvited species with them. Ships can carry aquatic organisms in their

ballast water, while smaller boats may carry them on their propellers. Insects can get into wood, shipping palettes, and crates that are shipped around the world. Some ornamental plants can escape into the wild and become invasive. And some invasive species are intentionally or accidentally released pets. For example, Burmese pythons are becoming a big problem in the Everglades.

In addition, higher average temperatures and changes in rain and snow patterns caused by climate change will enable some invasive plant species—such as garlic mustard, kudzu, and purple loosestrife—to move into new areas. Insect pest infestations will be more severe as pests such as mountain pine beetle are able to take advantage of drought-weakened plants.

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Solar energy is a term that refers to energy from the sun's light and heat. It is used through different technologies in constant evolution, such as solar heating, solar photovoltaic energy, heliothermic energy, solar architecture and photosynthesis  artificial.  Solar technologies are widely characterized as active or passive, depending on how they capture, convert and distribute solar energy.  Among the active solar techniques are the use of photovoltaic panels, solar thermal concentrators from the heliothermic plants and solar heaters.  Among the passive solar techniques are the orientation of a building towards the Sun, a selection of materials with favorable thermal mass or translucent properties and designing spaces that make or circulate naturally.

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The best known representative is Apis mellifera, from the Old World, created on a large scale for the production of honey, propolis, royal jelly and poison.  The species of bees native to the Americas and Oceania have no sting and are less aggressive than African species, most of which belong to the Meliponini tribe.  Stinging bees commonly found in Brazil are hybrid species of European and African bees, created for greater productivity and resistance.  The stingless bees commonly found in Brazil are species of the genus Meliponini and the best known is the jataí Tetragonisca angustula.

There are more than 25,000 known bee species in seven recognized biological families.  They are found on all continents, except Antarctica, in all habitats on the planet where there are flower plants pollinated by insects.

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The biological invasion process can be divided into four distinct phases: the arrival (or introduction) of the species, its establishment (or fixation), its expansion and the balance of the species in the community.  In the vast majority of cases, this balance occurs with a great dominance of the invasive species in the community, leading to an ecologically inferior condition to the original, with loss of biodiversity at the level of species and ecological processes.

Although invasions can happen naturally, and in fact have happened countless times in Earth's history, human activities and movements have played, in historical times, the greatest role in the introduction, in practically all regions of the world, of species  exotic species that have become invasive, a process that has recently been accelerating so much that it has assumed the dimension of global crisis, generating extensive negative repercussions on ecological balance, on the economy, on society and on culture.

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Emrullah I/İzmir Vocational Education Center (N.Afşar)

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Emrullah I/İzmir Vocational Education Center (N.Afşar)

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Wind energy, on the other hand, is the motion energy of the air flow that forms the wind. The source of wind energy is the sun. 1-2% of solar energy turns into wind energy.

Although the air currents (continuous winds) between the Poles and the Equator and from dynamic high pressure zones to dynamic low pressure zones play an important role in terms of energy generation, winds based on air currents between lands and seas and between mountains and valleys (cyclic and local winds) are also is important.

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Emrullah I/İzmir Vocational Education Center (N.Afşar)

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Emrullah I/İzmir Vocational Education Center (N.Afşar)

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The sun is made up of about 90% hydrogen. "Solar Energy" emerges thanks to the combination of the hydrogens in the sun to helium and the emergence of energy in return for the loss of mass during this transformation. With a surface temperature of 5500 and a core temperature of 15.6 million, the Sun is like a fusion reaction reactor that converts hydrogen into helium by working uninterruptedly.4 million tons of mass is transformed into energy per second from the sun. Since the sun will continue to shine for millions of years, it is an endless source of energy for our world. All energy resources (oil, coal, wind, water cycle…) in our world are made up of the sun.

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Emrullah I/İzmir Vocational Education Center (N.Afşar)

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Emrullah I/İzmir Vocational Education Center (N.Afşar)

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Bees are flying insects that are closely related to wasps and ants known for producing honey, the western honey bee, the best known bee species known for their role in pollination. Bees are a monophyletic line within the Apoidea superfamily. They are currently recognized as a class called Anthophila.

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Emrullah I) İzmir Vocational Education Center (N.Afşar)

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Emrullah I) İzmir Vocational Education Center (N.Afşar)

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Mad Ant (Anoplolepis gracilipes) way because of his hectic movements
Crazy ants, native
from Hawaii by invading ecosystems
To Seychelles and Zanzibar
cause environmental damage in many regions
has opened. Located in the indian ocean
At least eight different on Christmas Island
multi-
The queen (with multiple queens) is super
creating colonies, rainforest top
including plant layers
began to plunder habitats. It
ants are also red black
crab (Gecarcoidea natalis) population
significantly reduces. Crazy
ants 3 in just 18 months
million crabs killed. Annual
crabs in the Christmas Island forest
an important role in the ecosystem
plays.

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ECE G./IZMİR BORNOVA VOCATİONAL EDİCATİON CENTER (N.AFŞAR)

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ECE G./IZMİR BORNOVA VOCATİONAL EDİCATİON CENTER (N.AFŞAR)

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Wind energy is the name given to the kinetic energy that the wind has as a result of its movement. This energy is converted into mechanical and electrical energy and is widely used in the past and present. The mass and velocity of the amount of air carried by the wind are the main parameters of wind energy. The faster the high-weight air mass, the more wind energy it contains.

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ECE G./IZMİR BORNOVA VOCATİONAL EDUCATİON CENTER (N.AFŞAR)

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ECE G./IZMİR BORNOVA VOCATİONAL EDUCATİON CENTER (N.AFŞAR)

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Solar energy is a clean energy source that does not emit any harmful gases and is produced from direct sunlight.
The nuclei of hydrogen gas, which make up about 90 percent of the sun, form helium nuclei by fusion, and a huge amount of energy is released during this time. Some of this energy, which is formed as a result of the reactions occurring in the sun, is the radiation energy reaching the earth. The process of converting this radiation into electrical energy with panels defines the system.

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ECE G./IZMİR BORNOVA VOCATİONAL EDUCATİON CENTER (N.AFŞAR)

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ECE G./IZMİR BORNOVA VOCATİONAL EDUCATİON CENTER (N.AFŞAR)

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Bees are highly intelligent animals. In addition to being intelligent, they are hardworking and complex animals. They can make predictions, planning and evaluating about plants. To give brief information about honey bee;
Honey bees; They are found in 3 groups as queen bee, female (worker) bee and drone. The female bee is sterile. Only the queen can make eggs. The queen bee is in the hands of eggs within itself around her day 2000, as written on the season. If an unfertilized egg male bee is born, a fertilized egg female (worker) bee is born. It is a working worker bee. Even if the queen bee dies, other bees die within a few weeks. Bees do raise a queen bee among themselves. If it does not or cannot do the cultivation process, it will cause the hive to collapse in a short time.

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ECE G./IZMİR BORNOVA VOCATİONAL EDUCATİON CENTER (N.AFŞAR)

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ECE G./IZMİR BORNOVA VOCATİONAL EDUCATİON CENTER (N.AFŞAR)

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New species that are not included in the natural fauna of a particular ecosystem and come to a region in different ways are called invasive species. With the advancing transportation technology, new corridors between various geographic few, many creatures have been widened from one crop to another. As exotic species invaded communities' habitats (bioistyla), local species that could not cope with this spread began to disappear.
Invasive species that settle in new areas, be observed naturally in this work, then proliferate and cause a decrease in biodiversity, do not adversely affect human life. Invasive species; It can consist of microorganisms, plants, animals, pathogens, detritivores, parasites, herbivores and omnivores. These species cause damages in new ecosystems that they reach in different ways.

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Bruna - Santos Simões School (Guimarães, Portugal)

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Bruna - Santos Simões School (Guimarães, Portugal)

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An invasive species is an organism that is not indigenous, or native, to a particular area. When an animal, fish, insect or plant is taken out of its original ecosystem and introduced into a new one—whether by accident or on purpose—it's less likely to have any natural predators. Invasive species can cause great economic and environmental harm to the new area, which can lead to environmental havoc.
(Photograph: Louisian red crayfish, an invasive species in Portugal)

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Ece M / İzmir Bornova Vocational Center (N.AFŞAR)

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Ece M / İzmir Bornova Vocational Center (N.AFŞAR)

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The kinetic energy generated by the air flow that creates the wind is known as wind energy. The movement experienced in the wind firstly turns into mechanical energy and then into electrical energy. This is how wind energy is obtained through systems that are specially located at different points. As a clean and endless source of energy, especially with the protection of nature, wind constitutes a very important potential.

Rüzgarı oluşturan hava akımı ile meydana gelen kinetik enerji rüzgar enerjisi olarak bilinmektedir. Rüzgarda yaşanan hareketlilik öncelik olarak mekanik enerjiye ve daha sonra elektrik enerjisine dönüşmektedir. Özel olarak farklı noktalara konumlandırılan sistemler üzerinden rüzgar enerjisi bu şekilde elde edilir. Özellikle doğayı koruması ile beraber temiz ve sonsuz bir enerji kaynağı olarak, rüzgar oldukça önemli bir potansiyel teşkil etmektedir.

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Ece M / İzmir Bornova  Vocational Center (N.AFŞAR)

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Ece M / İzmir Bornova  Vocational Center (N.AFŞAR)

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Solar energy, which is the cleanest renewable energy source on earth, is actually heating energy. Most of this energy consists of hydrogen. For this reason, it is known as the cleanest renewable energy source in the world. The heat energies released during the conversion of hydrogen in the sun to helium are called solar energy. Outside of Earth, this energy is almost constant and has a power of 1370 W/m2. The maximum power of this power on earth is 1100 W/m2. These names are converted into electrical energy thanks to solar panels. Systems that do this are called “Solar Panel System” or “Solar Panel System”.

Yeryüzünün en temiz yenilenebilir enerji kaynagi olan günes enerjisi, aslinda isima enerjisidir. Bu enerjinin büyük bir kismi hidrojenden olusmaktadir. Bu sebeple yeryüzünün en temiz yenilenebilir enerji kaynagi olarak bilinmektedir. Günes içerisinde bulunan hidrojenlerin helyuma dönüsmesi sirasinda açiga çikan isima enerjilerine günes enerjisi denilmektedir. Dünya disinda bu enerji neredeyse sabittir ve 1370 W/m2 güce sahiptir. Bu gücün yeryüzündeki gücü maksimum 1100 W/m2’dir.  Bu isinimlar günes panelleri sayesinde elektrik enerjisine çevrilmektedir.  Bunu yapan sistemlere de “Günes Paneli Sistemi” veya “Solar Panel Sistemi” denilmekte.

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Ece M / İzmir Bornova Vocational Center ( N.AFŞAR)

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Ece M / İzmir Bornova Vocational Center ( N.AFŞAR)

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The bee is the name given to all insect species that make up the Apoidea family belonging to the membrane-winged order. A honey bee colony consumes 15–75 kg of pollen annually. They also consume 8 kg of honey to produce 1 kg of honey to maintain their daily lives. They may also need 200 grams of water daily.

Arı, zar kanatlılar takımına ait Apoidea familyasını oluşturan tüm böcek türlerine verilen isimdir. Bir bal arısı kolonisi yıllık 15–75 kg polen tüketir. Ayrıca günlük yaşamlarını sürdürmek adına 1 kg bal üretmek için 8 kg bal tüketirler. Ayrıca günlük 200 gram suya ihtiyaç duyabilirler.

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Ece M / İzmir Bornova Vocational Center (N.AFŞAR)

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Ece M / İzmir Bornova Vocational Center (N.AFŞAR)

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Adult brown skunk beetles are about 1.7 centimeters long and wide. Like other species in the Pentatomoidea superfamily, its length is equal to the length of its width. The upper part of the species is dark brown, the underside is creamy white-brown. However, some specimens may also be in shades of red, gray, fawn, copper or black. The most important feature that distinguishes the species from others is that it looks like it is covered with marble. Also, the light colored stripes on its antenna are one of its distinguishing features. The legs of the species, which may have pale white spots or stripes on their legs, are brown.

The larval skunk is black or very dark brown. Between the sclerites of the skunk there is a red bark. The larvae do not have white markings at first, but over time, white stripes appear on their black antennae. The legs of the larvae are black and over time, white stripes begin to form on the legs.[5] Larvae are pale white with red markings when molting. The female lays 28 green eggs at once on a leaf. The color of the eggs changes over time to white. The female can lay 3,000 eggs in a season. The brown skunk, which can dry the root of the hazelnut plant in 20 days, can fly 30 kilometers a day.

Like all foul-smelling insects, the glands are in the lower part of the chest, between the first and second pair of legs.

Yetişkin kahverengi kokarca böcekleri yaklaşık 1.7 santimetre uzunluğunda ve genişliğindedir. Pentatomoidea üstfamilyasındaki diğer türler gibi boyunun uzunluğu genişliğinin uzunluğuna eşittir. Üst tarafı koyu kahverengi olan türün alt tarafı kremsi beyaz-kahverengi renktedir. Bununla beraber bazı örnekler kırmızı, gri, açık kahverengi, bakır veya siyahın tonlarında da olabilir. Türü diğerlerinden ayıran en önemli özelliği ise mermerle kaplanmış gibi durmasıdır. Ayrıca antenindeki açık renkli çizgiler de ayırt edici özelliklerinden biridir. Bacaklarında soluk beyaz renkte benek veya çizgiler olabilen türün bacakları kahverengidir.

Larva aşamasındaki kokarca, siyah veya çok koyu kahverengidir. Kokarcanın skleritleri arasında kırmızı kabuk vardır. Larvalar ilk dönemlerinde beyaz işarete sahip değildir, ancak zamanla siyah antenlerinde beyaz çizgiler oluşur. Larvaların bacakları siyahtır ve zamanla bacaklarda da beyaz çizgiler oluşmaya başlar.[5] Larvalar deri değiştirirken kırmızı işaretli soluk beyaz renktedir. Dişi, bir yaprağın üzerine tek seferde 28 yeşil yumurta yumurtlar. Yumurtaların rengi zamanla beyaza dönüşür. Dişi bir sezonda 3.000 yumurta yumurtlayabilir. Fındık bitkisinin kökünü 20 günde kurutabilen kahverengi kokarca, günde 30 kilometre uçabilir.

Tüm kötü kokulu böcekler gibi, salgı bezleri göğsün alt kısmında, birinci ve ikinci bacak çifti arasındadır.