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Kachina dolls or Spirit Beings - "They're represented as masked dancers in ceremonial dress. Kachina dolls are made in human-like shape and are made from wood. They are dressed in elaborate costumes and they are used for healing rites." (google)

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Kachina dolls or Spirit Beings - "They're represented as masked dancers in ceremonial dress. Kachina dolls are made in human-like shape and are made from wood. They are dressed in elaborate costumes and they are used for healing rites." (google)

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"The Native American church emerged in the mid-19th century when an ancient ritual of central Mexico moved into the United States and blended with Christian influences."

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"The Native American church emerged in the mid-19th century when an ancient ritual of central Mexico moved into the United States and blended with Christian influences."

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Kiva- "The most sacred place in these villages. It represented the hole in the earth through which they came, the hole extended to the underworld." (google)

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Kiva- "The most sacred place in these villages. It represented the hole in the earth through which they came, the hole extended to the underworld." (google)

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https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/news-wires-white-papers-and-books/southwest-native-american-religion

https://www.warpaths2peacepipes.com/native-american-indians/southwest-native-americans.htm

https://www.sites.google.com/site/205206aimuseum/exhibits/southwest-beliefs-and-traditions

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Southwest-Indian

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Mojave men, photograph by Timothy O'Sullivan, c. 1871.

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The Pueblo were free from foreign rule until the late 1600's from when the military came back

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The Pueblo were free from foreign rule until the late 1600's from when the military came back

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By 1696 the Spanish ruled again over the Southwest

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By 1696 the Spanish ruled again over the Southwest

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The Pueblo were free from foreign rule until 1692, and by 1696 the Spanish ruled the Southwest again. The Pueblo, in fear of being punished, took on some aspects of Spanish culture, however, their religious and cultural traditions, and continued to practice them in secret.

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The Pueblo were free from foreign rule until 1692, and by 1696 the Spanish ruled the Southwest again. The Pueblo, in fear of being punished, took on some aspects of Spanish culture, however, their religious and cultural traditions, and continued to practice them in secret.

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When European missionaries tried to spread Roman Catholicism, they tried to stamp out traditional religions by punishing religious leaders and destroying religious activities. 

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When European missionaries tried to spread Roman Catholicism, they tried to stamp out traditional religions by punishing religious leaders and destroying religious activities. 

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By the early 21st century the tribes of the Southwest created many new business by taking advantage of the resources that they had.

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By the early 21st century the tribes of the Southwest created many new business by taking advantage of the resources that they had.

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The Cliff Palace, which has 150 rooms, 23 kivas, and several towers, at Mesa Verde National Park in Colorado.

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The tribes in the Southwest began trading goods with Europeans explorers. The desire to get European goods changed ancient trading patterns, and American natives soon became dependent on European goods.

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The tribes in the Southwest began trading goods with Europeans explorers. The desire to get European goods changed ancient trading patterns, and American natives soon became dependent on European goods.

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 Many started tourism which made both profit and jobs for the Natives. It also helped boost the sale of native arts like jewelry, pottery, and more.

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 Many started tourism which made both profit and jobs for the Natives. It also helped boost the sale of native arts like jewelry, pottery, and more.

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 Some tribes took advantage of the development of coal and uranium on their land.

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 Some tribes took advantage of the development of coal and uranium on their land.

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The Apache-  "conceived of the universe as inhabited by a great variety of powerful entities, including animals, plants, witches (evil shamans), superhuman beings, rocks, and mountains." (google)

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The Apache-  "conceived of the universe as inhabited by a great variety of powerful entities, including animals, plants, witches (evil shamans), superhuman beings, rocks, and mountains." (google)

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Kachinas (Katsinas)- "Humans affected the world through their actions, emotions, and attitudes, among other things, and communities that fostered metaphysical harmony were visited by spirit-beings each year." (google)

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Kachinas (Katsinas)- "Humans affected the world through their actions, emotions, and attitudes, among other things, and communities that fostered metaphysical harmony were visited by spirit-beings each year." (google)

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"The two classes: Earth Surface People (human beings, ghosts, and witches) and Holy People (supernaturals who could aid or harm Earth Surface People by sending sickness)." (google)

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"The two classes: Earth Surface People (human beings, ghosts, and witches) and Holy People (supernaturals who could aid or harm Earth Surface People by sending sickness)." (google)

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https://www.ncpedia.org/history/early/contact

https://www.sites.google.com/site/205206aimuseum/exhibits/southwest-beliefs-and-traditions

https://kids.britannica.com/students/article/Southwest-Indians/480468

https://classroom.synonym.com/beliefs-apache-native-americans-6291.html

http://indians.org/articles/southwest-indians.html

https://www.britannica.com/topic/Native-American-religion/Historical-change#ref242868

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Apache ceremonies- "concerned mainly with the magical coercion of these powerful entities for the curing of disease and the acquisition of personal success in hunting and warfare." (google)

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Apache ceremonies- "concerned mainly with the magical coercion of these powerful entities for the curing of disease and the acquisition of personal success in hunting and warfare." (google)

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Apache men performing the dance of Gahan, the mountain spirit.

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The Southwest Native Americans had multiple interactions with Christianity. "In some instances conversion to Christianity was enforced, with dire penalties for refusal. In other cases it appears to have been accepted voluntarily, out of sincere devotion to the missionaries and their message. In yet other cases it was probably accepted for a more practical mix of reasons." (google)

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The Southwest Native Americans had multiple interactions with Christianity. "In some instances conversion to Christianity was enforced, with dire penalties for refusal. In other cases it appears to have been accepted voluntarily, out of sincere devotion to the missionaries and their message. In yet other cases it was probably accepted for a more practical mix of reasons." (google)

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MyTran Vo

Scarlett Sandoval

Kassandra Chavez

Judith Carrizales

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Some of the Southwest Indians beliefs were that souls and spirits did not solely exist in humans furthermore their beliefs were based on animism. Animism  is based on the spiritual belief that plants, animals, rocks  and other natural objects have spirits. They believed that rain, thunder storms and geographic features had souls/spirits.    

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Some of the Southwest Indians beliefs were that souls and spirits did not solely exist in humans furthermore their beliefs were based on animism. Animism  is based on the spiritual belief that plants, animals, rocks  and other natural objects have spirits. They believed that rain, thunder storms and geographic features had souls/spirits.    

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The Apache was one of the main five tribes within the Southwest American. The Apache native American believed that their ancestors were still alive and a part of nature. To connect with the spirits, dances were performed. Some dance purposes were healing, asking for rain and honoring the puberty of young girls. Bathing frequently was intended to wash away their evil spirits. They were family leaders and had a central role within the community. They believed they became more powerful when they hit puberty. They believed that they lived among supernatural powers that could be used to aid and comfort others or do something positive for the community. They believed in their creator, whom they would call for help and guidance. They taught their children good manners fortitude and obedience.

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The Apache was one of the main five tribes within the Southwest American. The Apache native American believed that their ancestors were still alive and a part of nature. To connect with the spirits, dances were performed. Some dance purposes were healing, asking for rain and honoring the puberty of young girls. Bathing frequently was intended to wash away their evil spirits. They were family leaders and had a central role within the community. They believed they became more powerful when they hit puberty. They believed that they lived among supernatural powers that could be used to aid and comfort others or do something positive for the community. They believed in their creator, whom they would call for help and guidance. They taught their children good manners fortitude and obedience.

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The Zuni Native American beliefs were centered on the 3 most powerful of their deities: The Earth mother, Sun Father and The Moonlight--Giving Mother.

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The Zuni Native American beliefs were centered on the 3 most powerful of their deities: The Earth mother, Sun Father and The Moonlight--Giving Mother.

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The Hopi Native Americans had value on family cohesion, stability, generosity, humility and respect, they valued and honored the needs of their community. 

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The Hopi Native Americans had value on family cohesion, stability, generosity, humility and respect, they valued and honored the needs of their community. 

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The pueblo Native American believed that people must live in harmony with nature and that if they conducted ceremonies correctly everything would work out. 

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The pueblo Native American believed that people must live in harmony with nature and that if they conducted ceremonies correctly everything would work out. 

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Both sexes had power in decision making within the tribe. Most of Native American tribes art contained symbols and signs of their beliefs, dreams and visions. Dolls were decorated with masks and costumes to represent their spirits.  

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Both sexes had power in decision making within the tribe. Most of Native American tribes art contained symbols and signs of their beliefs, dreams and visions. Dolls were decorated with masks and costumes to represent their spirits.  