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Why is it important to study population?

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Why is it important to study population?

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It is important to know how many women and men a country has ,how many children are born each year , how many people die and how? Whether they live in cities or villages , can they read or write and what work do they do ? This is why it is important to study population.

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• The population of the world is unevenly distributed.
• The term population distribution refers to the way people are spaced over the earth’s surface.
• Broadly, 90 per cent of the world population lives in about 10 percent of its land area.
• The 10 most populous countries of the world contribute about 60 per cent of the world’s population. Of these 10 countries, 6 are located in Asia.

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• The ratio between the numbers of people to the size of land is called the density of population. It is usually measured in persons per sq. km

• Density of Population = Population/Area

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• Availability of water: People prefer to live in areas where freshwater is easily available. Water is used for drinking, bathing and cooking – and also for cattle, crops, industries and navigation.

• Landforms: People prefer living on flat plains and gentle slopes because such areas are favourable for the production of crops and to build roads and industries.

• Climate: An extreme climate such as very hot or cold deserts are uncomfortable for human habitation. Areas with a comfortable climate, where there is not much seasonal variation attract more people.

• Soils: Fertile soils are important for agricultural and allied activities. Therefore, areas which have fertile loamy soils have more people living on them.

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• Minerals: Areas with mineral deposits attract industries. Mining and industrial activities generate employment therefore these areas are densely populated.

• Urbanisation: Cities offer better employment opportunities, educational and medical facilities, better means of transport and communication.

• Industrialisation: Industrial belts provide job opportunities and attract large numbers of people.

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• Some places attract more people because they have religious or cultural significance. People tend to move away from places where there is social and political unrest.

• Many a times governments offer incentives to people to live in sparsely populated areas or move away from overcrowded places.

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• The population growth or population change refers to the change in number of inhabitants of a territory during a specific period of time.

• Population change in an area is an important indicator of economic development, social upliftment and historical and cultural background of the region.