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Bath and North East Somerset
Bedfordshire
Berkshire
Bristol
Buckinghamshire
Cambridgeshire
Cheshire
Cornwall
County Durham
Cumbria
Derbyshire
Devon
Dorset
East Riding of Yorkshire
East Sussex
Essex
Gloucestershire
Greater London
Greater Manchester
Hampshire
Herefordshire
Hertfordshire
Isle of Wight
Isles of Scilly
Kent
Lancashire
Leicestershire
Lincolnshire
Merseyside
Norfolk
North Somerset
North Yorkshire
Northamptonshire
Northumberland
Nottinghamshire
Oxfordshire
Rutland
Shropshire
Somerset
South Gloucestershire
South Yorkshire
Staffordshire
Suffolk
Surrey
Tyne & Wear
Warwickshire
West Midlands
West Sussex
West Yorkshire
Wiltshire
Worcestershire

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Most of the counties of England were established in the Middle Ages sometime between the 7th and 11th centuries. These early divisions continue to form most of the current counties, some with adapted boundaries.
The Historic or Real Counties of England as they are those most likely to be those referred to in historical and Genealogical documents. The Historic or Real Counties were essentially shaped by natural boundaries - hills, rivers, mountains and streams, and defined by history.
Counties such as Kent, Essex and Middlesex are over 1000 years old. By the time of the Norman Conquest in 1066 most English counties were in place, only 6 were created afterwards. Yorkshire, Lincolnshire and Sussex lost many or all of their administrative functions centuries ago.
Generally speaking if a county has the suffix shire it originates from an area around one central strategic or fortified town. Others originate from an ancient tribe or territory.
The counties of Cumberland, Herefordshire, Rutland, Westmorland and Worcestershire were disestablished .

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Scotland has the tallest mountains in the UK. Two of every three of the UK’s peaks over 600 metres (2,000 feet) in height are Scottish – they’re mostly found in a region of Scotland called, you guessed it, the Highlands!
Highest of all is Ben Nevis, which is nicknamed ‘the Ben’. Ben Nevis is so tall you’ll find snow on top all year round – it’s 1,344 metres (4,400 feet) tall. Wales is also famous for its impressive mountains. The highest peak is Snowdon and it’s 1085 metres (3,560 feet) high.

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England; Ireland; Northern Ireland; Scotland; Wales.

1.   England

England, predominant constituent unit of the United Kingdom, occupying more than half of the island of Great Britain.
England is bounded on the north by Scotland; on the west by the Irish Sea, Wales, and the Atlantic Ocean; on the south by the English Channel; and on the east by the North Sea.
2.   Ireland
Ireland, Irish Éire, country of western Europe occupying five-sixths of the westernmost major island of the British Isles.

Ireland’s capital is Dublin,
Cork is Ireland’s second largest city, and other principal centres include Waterford, Wexford, and Drogheda on the east coast, Sligo in the northwest, and Limerick and Galway in the west.

3.  Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom. The capital is Belfast, a modern city whose historic centre was badly damaged by aerial bombardment during World War II. More handsome still is the Northern Irish countryside—green, fertile, and laced with rivers and lakes, all of which have found lyrical expression in the nation’s folk and artistic traditions.

4. Scotland
Scotland, most northerly of the four parts of the United Kingdom, occupying about one-third of the island of Great Britain. Edinburgh, the capital of Scotland, is a handsome city of great historical significance and one of Europe’s chief cultural centres. Other significant principal cities include Glasgow, Dundee, Aberdeen, and Perth, all centres for industry, transportation, and commerce.

5. Wales
Wales, constituent unit of the United Kingdom that forms a westward extension of the island of Great Britain. The capital and main commercial and financial centre is Cardiff.