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known for its "Tao ang Una" policy

located at the the corner where Tondo and Malabon meet

the name of the city means "nasa sulok"

from the Tagalog word "look" which means bay or "sulok" which means corner

originally called Aromahan or Libis Espina

formerly located in a lowland ("libis")

started out as a little bario in the town of Tondo

In 1815, Caloocan became an independent municipality.

In 1901. Caloocan became a town of the Province of Rizal.

In 1962, Caloocan officially became a City.

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The City of Caloocan is located in the northern area of the National Capital Region and is actually divided into two, South Caloocan and North Caloocan.

Area:
North Caloocan: 3,970.90 hectares
South Caloocan: 1,362.50 hectares
TOTAL LAND AREA: 5,333.40 hectares

Boundaries:

1. North Caloocan

north - northwest: Bulacan

south - southeast: Quezon City

southwest: Valenzuela

2. South Caloocan

north - northwest: Valenzuela, Malabon, Navotas

south: Manila

east: Quezon City

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Type:
Highly Urbanized City

Coordinates:
14° 39' North, 120° 59' East (14.6571, 120.9841)

Area:
55.80 km^2 or 21.54 sq. mi. as of the year 2013

Density:
29,777 / km^2 or 77,139 / sq. mi. as of the year 2020

Population:
1,661,584 as of the 2020 census

12.32% of the total population of the National Capital Region

Household Population:
According to the 2015 Census, there were 367,878 households with an average of 4.30 members per household.

Age Group with the highest population:
aged 20 to 24

162,285 individuals (as of 2015 census)

Age Group with the lowest population:
aged 80 and above

7,356 individuals (as of 2015 census)

Median Age
25.32

Total Dependency Ratio = 48.58

Youth Dependency Ratio = 43.18

Old Age Dependency Ratio = 5.3

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According to a news article in Manila Bulletin (2020), Caloocan has welcomed a surge of investors which has caused rapid economic growth in the city. In fact, according to the ranking of the Commission on Audit in 2018, the city of Caloocan has ranked 7th richest city nationally.

This can be reflected in the data collected from various city offices. An example of this would be the data that reflects that the local government's income has gone from 3 billion pesos in 2013 to 5 billion pesos in 2019. Business capitalization has also doubled from 3.9 billion pesos in 2017 to 6 billion pesos in 2018.

Further proof of this economic development would be the naming of Caloocan city as one of the most business-friendly cities in the country by the Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industry back in 2019.

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Despite Caloocan City being a landlocked area, flooding has been a major and consistent problem. A study was conducted by the Greater Metro Manila Area Risk Assessment Project which has stated that 18 barangays in North Caloocan and 15 barangays in South Caloocan are prone to high and very high flooding. This amounts to a total of 167.8 hectares of land which is at risk with this specific natural disaster. According to Caloocan City Government's comprehensive development plan dated 2017-2019, the main causes of this are drainage problems and climate change. Therefore, I believe that the following UNSDGs should be used to address this issue.

1. UNSDG # 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities
According to the said development plan, they have reiterated that there is an inadequate channel capacity which has caused drainage problems. The development of urban settlements has rapidly progressed as well which means that previously forested and vegetated areas which help in the control of flood have been rendered useless as they have been turned into pavement. The said development has also affected the natural waterways negatively as they were reduced or blocked, ultimately resulting in a rise in the risk of flooding. I recommend this specific SDG because it discusses how to keep a city sustainable by designing the city to prevent the damage caused by the natural disasters, such as having a exemplary drainage system in place.

2. UNSDG # 13: Climate Action
Caloocan City is one of the many cities in the Philippines that is prone to flooding when the rainy season has come. This city may not be surrounded by large bodies of water such as the ocean or the sea but there are rivers and unreliable drainage systems. Due to climate change, there have been longer and more intense flooding which causes much damage to a city and its inhabitants. This UNSDG focuses also on natural disasters and a city's ability to withstand and bounce back from it.

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About Us. GOVPH. (n.d.). Retrieved November 17, 2021, from https://caloocancity.gov.ph/departments-offices1/26-about-us#:~:text=%C2%A7%20The%20city%20is%20divided,by%20the%20City%20of%20Manila.

Caloocan City rides on the wave of progress. Manila Bulletin. (2020, July 28). Retrieved November 17, 2021, from https://mb.com.ph/2020/02/15/caloocan-city-rides-on-the-wave-of-progress/.

Caloocan. PhilAtlas. (n.d.). Retrieved November 17, 2021, from https://www.philatlas.com/luzon/ncr/caloocan.html.

Comprehensive development plan. GOVPH. (n.d.). Retrieved November 17, 2021, from https://caloocancity.gov.ph/images/pdfs/CC-CDPlan-2017_2019.pdf.

United Nations. (n.d.). Goal 13 | Department of Economic and Social Affairs. United Nations. Retrieved November 17, 2021, from https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal13.