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| 1. Possible to obtain coffee-related sales market data within F&B industry?
| 1. Possible to obtain labour contribution/employment from F&B industry?
| 2. Research on inflation?

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| 1. Good analysis on overall GDP and F&B industry and impact of Covid
| 2. Good anlaysis on overall labour market and F&B industry.
| 3. Good mention of some Government measures to support F&B industry

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Extended Wage Support and Loan Schemes, Help to Defray Costs Among SBF's Recommendations for Budget 2022

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Extended wage support and loan schemes, help to defray costs among SBF's recommendations for Budget 2022

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The recommendations were among 16 put forward by a Singapore Business Federation committee. . Read more at straitstimes.com.

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Resident's Employment Grew in Q3, Trimming Fall in Total Employment

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Singapore’s resident employment grew in Q3, trimming fall in total employment

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The recovery in the labour market remains uneven across sectors.

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Singapore Economy Beats Expectation to Grow 5.9% and 7.2% in 2021

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Singapore economy beats expectations to grow 5.9% in Q4 and 7.2% in 2021

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Manufacturing was best-performing sector in final quarter of 2021, with output swelling by 14 per cent year on year. . Read more at straitstimes.com.

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Labour Market Report Third Quarter 2021

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1215 Labour Market Report Third Quarter 2021

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Overview1. Singapore’s labour market performed better in 3Q 2021 compared to the previous quarter. Resident employment grew at a faster pace, although total employment declined due to a continued fall in non-resident employment. There was an...

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[1] Government recommending companies to go digital to improve workers' skills
https://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/parenting-education/digitalising-retraining-workers-hybrid-work-how-spore-firms-can

[2] Additional data for Consumer Index Price
https://www.mti.gov.sg/-/media/MTI/Newsroom/Press-Releases/2021/10/Consumer-Price-Developments-in-September-2021.pdf

[3] High Core Inflation rates
https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/singapore-nov-core-inflation-rises-by-16-stays-near-three-year-high-2021-12-23/

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Singapore Economy Third Quarter 2021 Growth Forecast

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SINGAPORE: Singapore's economy grew by 7.1 per cent year-on-year in the third quarter of 2021, beating expectations, but still slower than the 15.2 per cent growth recorded in the previous quarter.

Analysts had expected a 6.5 per cent increase for Q3, according to a Reuters poll.

In data released on Wednesday (Nov 24), the Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI) also narrowed the GDP growth forecast for 2021 to about 7 per cent, from the previous 6 to 7 per cent.

This is based on the performance of the Singapore economy in the first three quarters of the year, as well as the latest external and domestic economic developments, said the ministry.

GDP growth in the first three quarters of 2021 came in at 7.7 per cent.

The Q2 figure of 15.2 per cent was "largely due to the low base" in the same quarter of 2020 when GDP fell by 13.3 per cent due to the Circuit Breaker measures put in place from Apr 7 to Jun 1, as well as the sharp fall in external demand during the COVID-19 pandemic.

"These factors would also explain the strong year-on-year growth seen in the second quarter of 2021 for sectors such as construction, retail trade and food & beverage (F&B) services," said MTI.

All clusters within the manufacturing sector, with the exception of the biomedical manufacturing cluster, expanded during the third quarter.

The manufacturing sector grew by 7.2 per cent year-on-year, moderating from the 17.9 per cent growth in the previous quarter.

The electronics and precision engineering clusters, in particular, continued to post "healthy growth" amid "robust" global demand for semiconductors and semiconductor equipment respectively.

The construction sector rose by 66.3 per cent year-on-year, slowing from the 117.5 per cent growth in the previous quarter, as both public and private sector construction output rose.

"The strong growth during the quarter was mainly because of low base effects given the slow resumption of construction activities after the Circuit Breaker period last year," said MTI.

The wholesale trade sector grew by 5.9 per cent year-on-year, led by the machinery, equipment and supplies segment. This was in turn bolstered by the strong wholesale sales of electronic components, telecommunications equipment and computers.

The retail trade sector grew by 0.7 per cent, supported by an increase in non-motor vehicle sales volumes, even as motor vehicle sales fell due to a reduction in Certificate of Entitlement (COE) quotas.

Growth in the transportation and storage sector slowed to 8.2 per cent year-on-year. Within the sector, the air transport segment recorded strong growth, mainly due to an increase in air passengers handled from a low base in the same quarter in 2020.

However, the water transport segment "grew marginally", due to slower growth in the volume of sea cargo handled at Singapore's ports, said MTI.

The accommodation sector fell 4.1 per cent year, a reversal from the 15.8 per cent growth in the previous quarter.

"The performance of the sector was weighed down by continued weak visitor arrivals due to travel restrictions, even though demand from the government for hotel rooms to serve as quarantine facilities provided some support to the sector," said MTI.

The food and beverage sector (F&B) fell 4.2 per cent year on year, compared to the 36.9 per cent growth in the second quarter.

The sector's performance was "adversely" affected due to tighter dine-in and event restrictions during the quarter, including dine-in services not allowed during the Phase 2 (Heightened Alert) period.

"In particular, restaurants and food caterers saw a fall in sales volumes, even as the sales volumes of fast food outlets, and cafes, food courts and other eating places rose," said MTI.

The information and communication sector grew by 10.4 per cent year on year, with growth largely driven by the IT and information services segment, which benefitted from "strong" demand for enterprise IT solutions.

The finance and insurance sector recorded a growth of 9 per cent year-on-year, supported mainly by an expansion in the insurance segment.

The real estate sector grew 16.8 per cent year-on-year, primarily supported by the private residential property segment. However, the performance of the commercial property segment "continued to be sluggish", said MTI.

The professional services sector grew by 4.4 per cent year-on-year. Growth was mainly supported by the architectural and engineering, technical testing and analysis, as well as other professional, scientific and technical services segments.

The administrative and support services sector fell by 1.3 per cent year-on year. Within the sector, the rental and leasing segment shrank as travel restrictions affected the rental and leasing of air transport equipment.

The "other services industries" grew by 4.4 per cent year-on-year.

Within the sector, the education, health and social services, public administration and defence, as well as "others" segments grew.

The "others" segments in the other services industries include membership organisations, repair of computers, vehicles and personal and household goods, as well as other personal service activities such as personal care, weddings and funerals.

However, the arts, entertainment and recreation segment contracted. This was due to Phase 2 (Heightened Alert) measures re-introduced, the phased relaxation of restrictions thereafter, as well as the slow recovery in visitor arrivals.

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Singapore economy grows 7.1% in Q3, full-year GDP growth narrowed to about 7%: MTI

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SINGAPORE: Singapore's economy grew by 7.1 per cent year-on-year in the third quarter of 2021, beating expectations, but still slower than the 15.2 per cent growth recorded in the previous quarter. Analysts had expected a 6.5 per cent increase for Q3, according to a Reuters poll. In dat

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MACROECONOMIC PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS

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Macroeconomics Prelim Analysis [Based on 5 Key Info. Sources]

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Macroeconomics Prelim Analysis [Based on 5 Key Info. Sources]

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GDP [Qihui]
- Growth forecast for 2021 was narrowed down to 7% from the previous 6-7%. [CJ]
- Despite the worst recession recorded in 2020 due to the pandemic, the fastest growth of 7.2% was recorded in more than a decade.
- According to the MTI (Ministry of Trade and Industry), it is the fastest growth since 2010 and also higher than earlier estimates.
- MTI projects a 3-5% growth in the economy in 2022 [CJ]

- Although the F&B services sector is projected to recover, with current dining-in restrictions still in place, the value-added of the F&B services sector is unlikely to return to pre-COVID levels by the end of 2022, according to MTI.
- Despite a 36.9% growth in the second quarter, the F&B services sector fell 4.2% year on year.
- The drop in growth is said to be"adversely" affected due to tighter dine-in restrictions during the quarter, as well as the no dining-in restriction during the Phase 2(Heightened Alert) Period.

Current Labour Market situation [CJ]
- Total employment declined by a significantly smaller extent in Q3 2021, mainly because resident employment “increased strongly”, said the Ministry of Manpower (MOM) in its latest labor market report.
- Resident employment increased by 19,100;
- Non-resident employment fell by 21,500;
- In total, a net decrease by 2,400 was recorded which is way lower than the 16,300 decline in Q2.
- Resident unemployment rate now stands at 3.5%, while the citizen unemployment rate is 3.7%.

- Despite improving unemployment rates, the uneven recovery in the labor market is showing that F&B services, arts, entertainment & recreation, accommodation, and retail trade to be trailing behind. [Qihui]
- With border restrictions affecting the inflow of foreign labor, it has contributed to the substantial decrease in work permit holders in sectors namely F&B services, construction, manufacturing, and administrative & support services.
- Number of job vacancies and the ratio of job vacancies to unemployed persons are projected to continue to remain high until border restrictions are lifted.

- [With the above data, it is undeniably obvious that sectors like the F&B services will continue to be affected by unexpected situations like restrictions.] [Qihui]

Government Measures [Qihui]
- Wage support and loan schemes should be extended and measures implemented to defray costs to help local firms recover amid the new post-pandemic economy.
- In accordance with SBF (Singapore Business Federation), they recommend that the 25% wage support under the Job Support Scheme for sectors affected by Covid-19 curbs, such as F&B services be extended by three more months after the nation's stabilization phase. [CJ]
- Overall aim of the above suggestion is to assist companies to ride on local, regional, and global growth momentum.
- It is also said that those in certain consumer-oriented businesses will continue to face uncertainty, cost pressures, and business sustainability risks.
- [with the ongoing pandemic, it is still unknown as to when it will end or what is to come, the F&B services sector will then continue to face uncertainty or even further challenges.]

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Our Focus

Key characteristics:
- Highly differentiated products

Product differentiation is used in the industry so that many firms in the same industry can present their own unique product idea.
- Eg. Starbucks advertises its coffee to be made from only high-quality, premium coffee beans.

Market Structure of Coffee Industry
The coffee industry is a monopolistic competition market structure.
- sellers compete among themselves and can differentiate their goods in terms of quality and branding to look different.
- sellers consider the price charged by their competitors and ignore the impact of their own prices on their competition.
- This entails a market situation where there are a lot of large companies competing, but each company has some degree of market power, being able to determine its own price and ergo have an insignificantly small share of the market (low concentration).

1. Change in consumer's preference could lead to an increase in demand for more high-end quality coffee

- Certified coffee has been increasing in popularity in the past few years. Organic coffee has seen in increase in demand as it is considered safer.
- People are willing to pay more for a more unique coffee experience.

2. Changes in consumer's income could lead to an effect on the demand for coffee
- With rising consumer income and affluence, consumers will be able to buy more goods such as coffee which would increase demand for coffee.
-  Singapore’s GDP growth forecast for 2021 to “6.0 to 7.0 per cent”, from “4.0 to 6.0 per cent”

3. Change in taste and preference of consumers could decrease supply of other coffee beans
- With people being more shifted towards organic coffee beans over other substitutes, the supply of other types of coffee beans could decrease.

4. Climate change affecting the growth of coffee crops
- As the temperature rise, quality coffee beans will become more difficult to grow.
- And studies suggested that by 2050. About haft, the land used for high-quality coffee will be unproductive.
- Since, Singapore coffee beans supply is mostly imported it will only mean that the supply would be limited or see a drastic increase in price.

5. Mobility of Goods causes supply to change
- The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the transportation of goods around the world. As coffee beans are usually sourced from other countries, with the many country borders being closed down, it creates impediments for international trade. As coffee is considered an essential consumer good, with the decrease in supply, the demand is bound to increase

Based on our research, we think that the likely price elasticity of the coffee industry is inelastic.

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| 1  To deepen market structure analysis e.g. kopitiams vs specialty coffee
| 2. To discuss price elasticity of demand using the determinants
| 3. To include 1 or 2 local news articles, do not use unrecognised sources e.g. personal blog/essay

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| 1. Good application of DD and SS determinants (e.g. taste & preference, income, factor price?)
| 2. Good attempt to discuss market structure of coffee

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Coffee is the most popular drink in Singapore.
In a survey of Singaporean consumers in 2020, 43 percent consumed beverages breakfast. And coffee was the most popular beverage to drink during breakfast among Singaporean consumers.
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1112451/singapore-daily-beverage-consumption-habits/

Singapore: A Trade Hub For Coffee
Support from key source (3):
- Singapore is a huge transshipment coffee center for the whole Asia-Pacific region.
- With free trade agreements with 26 different countries and blocs.
- Because of that there are 50,000 international brands on the island.
- This means that Singapore is an ideal link between major coffee producing and coffee consuming markets.

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In a survey of Singaporean consumers in 2020, 43 percent of respondents stated that they consumed beverages (excluding water) during breakfast. The same survey found that coffee was the most popular beverage to drink during breakfast among Singaporean consumers.

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Singapore: daily beverage consumption habits 2020 | Statista

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In a survey of Singaporean consumers in 2020, 43 percent of respondents stated that they consumed beverages (excluding water) during breakfast. The same survey found that coffee was the most popular beverage to drink during breakfast among Singaporean consumers.

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I just want to say that I am really sorry for not contributing much to this part of the project. Thank you for updating and leading me on and I promise to contribute more in the later stages of the project.

The great thing about working as a group is that we come up with ideas quickly and we are able to get things done in a short amount of time. However, I feel that we do not assign work for each groupmate to do but rather get things done only when we meet for discussion sessions. Moving forward, I think we can start to assign work for everyone to do so that more can be done much quicker than now.

Also, I find it really cool is that there are actually a lot of coffee drinks than I thought there were. I didn't know much about coffee before and thought there was only kopi O, C, and espresso, but it turns out to be much interesting and DELICIOUS. (Caramel Macchiato with an extra shot is supreme)

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Firstly, thanks for letting me join this group.
I one good point is the efficiency of this group. Quick to come up with ideas and collect relevant information.
One improvement would the time management. We tend to leave things up until the last week.
One interesting fact I have learned is that there is actually an increasing demand for organic coffees.

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One compliment about working as a group is that it is much more efficient when it comes to collecting information regarding the current topic and we can always check with each other.

One area for improvement for working as a group is for us to be able to speak up more and interact with each other more during our team meetings instead of mostly doing our own part.

One interesting fact that I learned about coffee is that Singapore is a huge transshipment coffee center for the whole Asia-Pacific region

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I think one good area of us as a group is that we are able to cohesively join our ideas together to form the best project that we can. We have chemistry from working with each other in previous projects so we know what to expect from each other. One area of improvement that we can work on, though, is allowing others to be heard as sometimes, ideas get lost with the many things being said at once that sometimes someone's idea can get lost and thus not used or appreciated fully. One interesting fact of the coffee industry that I learnt was just how much money goes into the industry to look for good quality coffee beans.

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One compliment about working as a group is that we're willing to take in different ideas and collaborate into an idea which we all agree in. One reason is that we've worked together on previous projects, which has allowed us to learn about each other's strengths and shortcomings.

One area for improvement of working as a group is that we should clarify with each other at times and let each other speak out more to let their ideas be heard. One issue is that once we get started on our individual tasks, we tend to lose track of who's point we're following as a group.

One interesting fact of the coffee industry that I discovered or learned during the analysis is that despite the different flavors and varieties, there are only two types of coffee, robusta and arabica.

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MICROECONOMIC PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS

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Singapore GDP Growth Forecast

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Starbucks' Value Creating Strategy

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How the company continued its rapid growth while maintaining its competitive advantage

Business Model
Founded in Seattle, Washington in 1971, Starbucks has grown to become the largest coffeehouse company in the world, with the mission to "inspire and nurture the human spirit - one person, one cup and one neighborhood at a time." The company has grown to offer a variety of products, ranging from fresh foods and baked goods to brand merchandise and coffee equipment. It currently operates in 67 countries with a total of 22,519 stores. Revenue in 2014 reached $16.45B, with net income of $2.07B.

Starbucks has managed to differentiate itself from competitors by creating the unique value proposition of becoming the "third place" for customers, after home and the workplace. Purchasing a cup of coffee became an "affordable luxury" and an experience in itself. Customers were able to order customized drinks and enjoy the beverage in a relaxed, upscale environment.
Operating Model
Starbucks primarily follows the standard retail business model, where it owns and operates most of its stores. Nonetheless, with emerging markets becoming an attractive landscape for investors, Starbucks has incorporated parts of the franchise business model into its strategy in order to capitalize on the expansion, yet maintain control of its business through its core strategy. In addition, the company doesn't do any traditional advertising. Instead, Starbucks focuses on strengthening its value proposition by providing high-quality products and service. Since the average customer typically makes six visits per month (with the heaviest 20% of users visiting over 15 times per month), the company chooses to focus on delivering a consistent experience for its loyal customers, and by doing so, retain new visitors.

Starbucks serves 50 million customers per week worldwide. The company runs a complex operating model that begins all the way from procuring coffee beans and other products, to serving around 50 million customers per week.

However, in 2008 the company's operational costs were growing even with steady sales, likely due to its high expansion rate. As a result, Starbucks chose to revamp its operating model to ensure efficiency, while remaining true to the organization's mission and business strategy.

As part of the reassessment, management uncovered the underlying issue to be late deliveries due to excessive outsourcing agreements for transportation, which accounted for 65-70% of operating expenses.

To address these high costs, jobs were reorganized to fall into either of the following functions:

Plan - such as production planning or launching a new product

Source - divided into either coffee or non-coffee procurement

Make - includes all manufacturing processes

Deliver - includes all transportation, logistics and customer service activities

Each function performed a thorough analysis of its own processes to identify cost-savings and further efficiencies, with manufacturing and logistics having to address the company's biggest operational challenge: supplying its 22,000 stores with over 70,000 deliveries per week. This led to the creation of one global logistics system, that allowed it to monitor its operations end-to-end. It begins with shipping ethically sourced coffee beans from Africa, Asia, and South America to coffee plants in the United States and Europe. The beans are roasted and packaged, then sent to regional distribution centers, located throughout the US, Europe and Asia, and finally to smaller distribution centers that also carry other materials such as baked goods, and paper items, who then combine them with the coffee beans to supply local stores. Most of these distribution centers are company owned; however, a number of them are run by third-party logistics companies. As a way to control the expenses associated with outsourcing, Starbucks implemented scorecards to measure third-party companies and to identify low performers.

As the company continues to expand and diversify its product offerings, it must keep in mind the potential tradeoff and performance implications between trying to control the majority of its operations internally and supplying its growing number of stores efficiently. At the moment, its operational model has proven effective in managing quality and compliments the competitive advantage of creating value by offering a consistent experience for its customers, regardless which Starbucks location they have chosen.
http://marketrealist.com/2014/01/understanding-starbucks-cost-structure-operating-expenses/ http://www.starbucks.com/about-us/company-information/starbucks-company-profile http://www.supplychainquarterly.com/topics/Procurement/scq201004starbucks/ http://www.evancarmichael.com/Other/612/Starbucks-Commercials.html
Sources:

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The Value Creating Strategy of Starbucks - Technology and Operations Management

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How the company continued its rapid growth while maintaining its competitive advantage Business Model Founded in Seattle, Washington in 1971, Starbucks has grown to become the largest coffeehouse company in the world, with the mission to "inspire and nurture the human spirit - one person, one cup and one neighborhood at a time."

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Impact of COVID-19 on Roast Coffee Market

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Singapore: Roast Coffee Market and the Impact of COVID-19 on It in the Medium Term

The roast coffee market in Singapore was equal to 190.90 million USD (calculated in retail prices) in 2015. Until 2025, the coffee market in Singapore is forecast to reach 365.34 million USD (in retail prices), thus increasing at a CAGR of 4.92% per annum for the period 2020-2025. This is a decrease, compared to the growth of about 8.96% per year, registered in 2015-2019.

The average consumption per capita in value terms reached 35.04 USD per capita (in retail prices) in 2015. In the next five years, it grew at a CAGR of 7.31% per annum. In the medium term (by 2025), the indicator is forecast to slow down its growth and increase at a CAGR of 3.99% per annum.

In accordance with the advancement of consumers' environmental and ethical consciousness, certified coffee is gaining popularity over the last few years. Particularly on the European market, both production and sales of sustainably-produced coffee have surged more than the segment of conventional coffee. Furthermore, desire for organic coffee is also growing, since it is free from chemicals and pesticides and is considered safer. When it comes to coffee pods in the US, despite being one of the fastest-growing categories, since 2016, they have been experiencing a slower growth, compared to previous years. In general, roasted coffee generated the most revenue within the coffee segment in 2019.

Today, coffee is mostly perceived as an artisanal product, rather than just an energy drink. Therefore, most of the coffee drinkers prefer locally owned coffee shops and high-quality and specialized coffee products such as flavored coffee. They are also willing to pay more for a unique coffee experience that impact all senses. As a result, coffee roasters and baristas incorporate new techniques by exploring the properties of coffee, such as cold coffee brewing with nitrogen.

When it comes to corporate restructurings, mergers and acquisition deals have been especially popular in the coffee market in recent years. One of the most recent and biggest mergers is the deal between the two companies Keurig Green Mountain, Inc. and Dr Pepper Snapple Group, Inc. In 2019, both companies merged to create Keurig Dr Pepper, a new global player in the beverage industry. The company's portfolio focuses on coffee, soft drinks, tea, water, juice and mixers.

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Short Description
This report presents a strategic analysis of the Singaporean roast coffee market and a forecast for its development in the medium term, taking into account the impact of COVID-19 on it. It provides a comprehensive overview of the market volume and value, dynamics, segmentation, characteristics, main players, prices, international trade, trends and insights, growth and demand drivers, challenges, etc. This is one of the most comprehensive reports about the Singaporean roast coffee market, offering unmatched value, accuracy and expert insights.

Report Purpose
The purpose of the report is to describe the state of the Singaporean roast coffee market and to present real and expert-verified information about the volumes, values, dynamics, segmentation and characteristics of consumption, prices, imports, and exports. The report also presents a forecast for the market development in the short and medium term and the impact COVID-19 has and will have on it. In addition, the report presents an elaborate analysis of the main market participants, industry trends and insights, growth and demand drivers and challenges and all other factors, influencing the market development.

Questions This Report Answers
The report on the Singaporean roast coffee market covers:
* Market volume, value and dynamics for the last five years;
* Analysis of the factors, influencing the market development (market trends and insights, drivers and challenges) and the impact COVID-19 has and will have on the market in both the short and the medium term;
* Value chain analysis and structure of price formation;
* Analysis of retail price levels and their dynamics for the last five years;
* Analysis of the major international trade flows;
* Volume, value, dynamics, and analysis of imports for the last five years;
* Volume, value, dynamics, and analysis of exports for the last five years;
* Volume and dynamics of the average import and export prices for the last five years;
* Volume, value, dynamics, and analysis of per capita consumption for the last five years;
* Forecast for market development in the medium term;
* Characteristics of the main players on the market;
* Analysis of the competitive landscape;
* Importance of the HoReCa channel (on-trade vs. off-trade consumption);
* Market shares of the main market players;
* Distribution channels for retail sales;
* Five Forces analysis;
* Analysis and forecast for the global economy and demographics.

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* Strategically assess growth potential, opportunities, demand drivers and challenges on the market;
* Strategically assess the importance of the HoReCa channel on the market;
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* Build and execute upon a strong strategy based on verified market data and expert insights;
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* Market entry;
* Market growth;
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* New product development;
* Distribution;
* Sourcing and supply chain management;
* Company evaluation;
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Who Is This Report for?
This report is for people who already are actively working on this market, representatives of producers, distributors, importers, exporters, wholesalers, retailers, suppliers:
* Industry C Level executives;
* Directors;
* Industry strategists;
* Marketing professionals;
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Short Methodology
This research report has been prepared using the proven WMStrategy's methodology, including a blend of qualitative and quantitative data. The information comes from official sources and insights from market experts (representatives of the main market participants), gathered by semi-structured interviews. For this particular report, more than 10 market expert interviews have been conducted with experts from the leading market companies (producers, distributors, retailers, suppliers, etc.). The full list of interviewed experts and a detailed methodology are available upon request.

Product Coverage
This report covers the following product groups:
* Roast coffee (including coffee pads and pods (single-serve coffee), ground coffee beans and whole coffee beans; excluding instant coffee and ready-to-drink coffee (RTD coffee)).

Recap
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1. Introduction

2. Research Methodology

3. Executive Summary

4. Product Description

5. State of the Global Demographics and Economy

5.1. Characteristics of the Global Demographics in 2015-2019

5.2. Characteristics of the Global Economy in 2015-2019

5.3. Forecast for the Development of the Global Economy in the Short Term

6. Overview, Segmentation and Analysis of the Singaporean Roast Coffee Market

6.1. Volume, Value and Dynamics of the Singaporean Roast Coffee Market in 2015-2019

6.2. Trends and Insights of the Singaporean Roast Coffee Market

6.3. Profiles of the Main Players on the Singaporean Roast Coffee Market

6.4. Five Forces Analysis

6.5. Competitive Landscape on the Singaporean Roast Coffee Market

6.6. Drivers and Challenges That Will Affect the Future Development of the Singaporean Roast Coffee Market

7. Characteristics and Analysis of the Singaporean Prices of Roast Coffee in 2015-2019

7.1. Value Chain Analysis

7.2. Structure of Price Formation

7.3. Value and Dynamics of the Average Singaporean Retail Prices of Roast Coffee in 2015-2019

8. Singaporean Foreign Trade Operations of Roast Coffee

8.1. Singaporean Foreign Trade Operations of Roast Coffee in 2015-2019

9. Overview, Segmentation and Analysis of the Imports of Roast Coffee to Singapore

9.1. Volume, Value and Dynamics of the Imports of Roast Coffee to Singapore in 2015-2019

9.2. Major Trade Inflows - Segmentation of the Imports of Roast Coffee to Singapore by Exporting Countries in 2015-2019

9.3. Average Import Prices of the Roast Coffee, Imported to Singapore in 2015-2019

10. Overview, Segmentation and Analysis of the Singaporean Exports of Roast Coffee

10.1. Volume, Value and Dynamics of the Singaporean Exports of Roast Coffee in 2015-2019

10.2. Major Trade Outflows - Segmentation of the Singaporean Exports of Roast Coffee by Importing Countries in 2015-2019

10.3. Average Export Prices of the Roast Coffee, Exported from Singapore in 2015-2019

11. Characteristics of the Singaporean Consumption of Roast Coffee per Capita

11.1. Volume, Value and Dynamics of the Singaporean Roast Coffee Consumption per Capita in 2015-2019

12. Forecast for Development of the Singaporean Roast Coffee Market in 2020-2025

12.1. Forecast for Development of the Singaporean Roast Coffee Market in 2020-2025 in Three Possible Scenarios

About us

List of Tables

* Global population, broken down by main regions in 2015-2019, in millions of people and in %

* Global population growth rate, population density, urban population and life expectancy, broken down by regions in 2015-2019, in %, people per sq.km. and years

* Age structure of the global population, broken down by main regions, in %

* Sex structure of the global population, broken down by main regions, in %

* Global GDP, broken down by main regions, in millions of USD

* Global GNI per capita (Atlas method), broken down by main regions, in USD

* Global GDP per capita and GDP annual growth, broken down by main regions, in USD per capita and in %

* Global unemployment rate, labor force participation rate and GDP per person employed, broken down by regions in 2015-2019, in % and in constant 2011 PPP USD

* Global school enrollment (tertiary education), broken down by main regions, in % of gross education

* Global inflation rate - consumer prices, GDP deflator, bank capital to assets ratio, and bank nonperforming loans to total gross loans, broken down by main regions, in %

* Global imports and exports of goods and services, BoP, broken down by main regions, in millions of USD and in %

* Forecasted global GDP, broken down by main regions, in billions of USD

* Forecasted global GDP growth, broken down by main regions, in %

* Forecasted global GDP per capita, current prices, broken down by main regions, in %

* Volume and dynamics of the Singaporean roast coffee market in 2015-2019, in thousands of tons and in %

* Value (in RSP) and dynamics of the Singaporean roast coffee market in 2015-2019, in million USD and in %

* Importance of the HoReCa channel (on-trade vs. off-trade of roast coffee) in 2015-2019 and forecast for 2020-2025

* Segmentation of roast coffee retail distribution in Singapore by distribution channels

* Market shares of the main market players

* Key financial indicators of Company A for the FY 2015 - FY 2019, in millions of USD and in %

* Key financial indicators of Company B for the FY 2015 - FY 2019, in millions of USD and in %

* Key financial indicators of Company C for the FY 2015 - FY 2019, in millions of USD and in %

* Key financial indicators of Company D for the FY 2015 - FY 2019, in millions of USD and in %

* Key financial indicators of Company E for the FY 2015 - FY 2019, in millions of USD and in %

* Key financial indicators of Company F for the FY 2015 - FY 2019, in millions of USD and in %

* Key financial indicators of Company G for the FY 2015 - FY 2019, in millions of USD and in %

* Key financial indicators of Company H for the FY 2015 - FY 2019, in millions of USD and in %

* Key financial indicators of Company I for the FY 2015 - FY 2019, in millions of USD and in %

* Key financial indicators of Company J for the FY 2015 - FY 2019, in millions of USD and in %

* Volume and dynamics of the average annual retail prices of roast coffee in Singapore in 2015-2019, in USD per kilogram and in %

* Trade balance of the roast coffee foreign trade in Singapore in 2015-2019, in thousands of tons and in %

* Trade balance of the roast coffee foreign trade in Singapore in 2015-2019, in million USD and in %

* Volume and dynamics of the Singaporean imports of roast coffee in 2015-2019, in thousands of tons and in %

* Value and dynamics of the Singaporean imports of roast coffee in 2015-2019, in million USD and in %

* Segmentation of the Singaporean imports of roast coffee by exporting countries in 2015-2019, in million USD and in %

* Value and dynamics of the average import prices of the roast coffee, imported to Singapore in 2015-2019, in USD per kilogram and in %

* Volume and dynamics of the Singaporean exports of roast coffee in 2015-2019, in thousands of tons and in %

* Value and dynamics of the Singaporean exports of roast coffee in 2015-2019, in million USD and in %

* Segmentation of the Singaporean exports of roast coffee by importing countries in 2015-2019, in million USD and in %

* Value and dynamics of the average export prices of the roast coffee, exported from Singapore in 2015-2019, in USD per kilogram and in %

* Volume and dynamics of the average annual consumption of roast coffee per capita in Singapore in 2015-2019, in kilograms per capita and in %

* Value and dynamics of the average annual consumption of roast coffee per capita in Singapore in 2015-2019, in USD per capita and in %

* Volume, value (in RSP) and dynamics of the Singaporean roast coffee market in 2015-2019 and forecast for its development in 2020-2025 (within the framework of the base scenario), in thousands of tons, in million USD and in %

* Volume, value (in RSP) and dynamics of the Singaporean roast coffee market in 2015-2019 and forecast for its development in 2020-2025 (within the framework of the pessimistic scenario), in thousands of tons, in million USD and in %

* Volume, value (in RSP) and dynamics of the Singaporean roast coffee market in 2015-2019 and forecast for its development in 2020-2025 (within the framework of the optimistic scenario), in thousands of tons, in million USD and in %

List of Figures

* Volume and dynamics of the Singaporean roast coffee market in 2015-2019, in thousands of tons and in %

* Value (in RSP) and dynamics of the Singaporean roast coffee market in 2015-2019, in million USD and in %

* Importance of the HoReCa channel (on-trade vs. off-trade of roast coffee) in 2015-2019 and forecast for 2020-2025

* Segmentation of roast coffee retail distribution in Singapore by distribution channels

* Market shares of the main market players

* Value chain analysis, in %

* Structure of price formation, in %

* Deviation of the average annual retail prices of roast coffee in Singapore in 2015-2019, in USD per kilogram

* Volume and dynamics of the imports of roast coffee to Singapore in 2015-2019, in thousands of tons and in %

* Value and dynamics of the imports of roast coffee to Singapore in 2015-2019, in million USD and in %

* Segmentation of the imports of roast coffee to Singapore by exporting countries in value terms in 2019, in % to the total Singaporean imports

* Average import prices of the roast coffee, imported to Singapore in 2015-2019, in USD per kilogram

* Volume and dynamics of the Singaporean exports of roast coffee in 2015-2019, in thousands of tons and in %

* Value and dynamics of the Singaporean exports of roast coffee in 2015-2019, in million USD and in %

* Segmentation of the Singaporean exports of roast coffee by importing countries in value terms in 2019, in % to the total Singaporean exports

* Average export prices of the roast coffee, exported from Singapore in 2015-2019, in USD per kilogram

* Average annual consumption of roast coffee per capita in Singapore in 2015-2019 in volume terms, in kilograms per capita

* Average annual consumption of roast coffee per capita in Singapore in 2015-2019 in value terms, in USD per capita

* Volume and dynamics of the Singaporean roast coffee market in 2015-2019 and forecast for its development in 2020-2025 (within the framework of the base scenario), in thousands of tons and in %

* Volume and dynamics of the Singaporean roast coffee market in 2015-2019 and forecast for its development in 2020-2025 (within the framework of the pessimistic scenario), in thousands of tons and in %

* Volume and dynamics of the Singaporean roast coffee market in 2015-2019 and forecast for its development in 2020-2025 (within the framework of the optimistic scenario), in thousands of tons and in %

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Singapore: Roast Coffee Market and the Impact of COVID-19 on It in the Medium Term

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Singapore: Roast Coffee Market and the Impact of COVID-19 on It in the Medium Term The roast coffee market in Singapore was equal to 190.90 million USD (calculated in retail prices) in 2015. Until 2025, the coffee market in Singapore is forecast to reach 365.34 million USD (in retail prices), thus increasing at a CAGR of 4.92% per annum for the period 2020-2025.

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Understanding the Singaporean coffee market

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Understanding the Singaporean coffee market

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How do people in Singapore drink their coffee?

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Across Singapore, people have historically enjoyed drinking sweet, intense robusta blends from the comfort of a kopitiam. But that’s changing.

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Our Focus

Key characteristics:
- Highly differentiated products

Product differentiation is used in the industry so that many firms in the same industry can present their own unique production idea.
- Eg. Starbucks advertises its coffee to be made from only high-quality, premium coffee beans.

Market Structure of Coffee Industry
The coffee industry is a monopolistic competition market structure.
- sellers compete among themselves and can differentiate their goods in terms of quality and branding to look different.
- sellers consider the price charged by their competitors and ignore the impact of their own prices on their competition.
- This entails a market situation where there are a lot of large companies competing, but each company has some degree of market power, being able to determine its own price and ergo have an insignificantly small share of the market (low concentration).

1. Change in consumer's preference could lead to an increase in demand for more high-end quality coffee

- Certified coffee has been increasing in popularity in the past few years. Organic coffee has seen in increase in demand as it is considered safer.
- People are willing to pay more for a more unique coffee experience.

2. Changes in consumer's income could lead to an effect on the demand for coffee
- With rising consumer income and affluence, consumers will be able to buy more goods such as coffee which would increase demand for coffee.
-  Singapore’s GDP growth forecast for 2021 to “6.0 to 7.0 per cent”, from “4.0 to 6.0 per cent”

3. Change in taste and preference of consumers could decrease supply of other coffee beans
- With people being more shifted towards organic coffee beans over other substitutes, the supply of other types of coffee beans could decrease.

4. Climate change affecting the growth of coffee crops
- As the temperature rise, quality coffee beans will become more difficult to grow.
- And studies suggested that by 2050. About haft, the land used for high-quality coffee will be unproductive.
- Since, Singapore coffee beans supply is mostly imported it will only mean that the supply would be limited or see a drastic increase in price.

5. Mobility of Goods causes supply to change
- The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the transportation of goods around the world. As coffee beans are usually sourced from other countries, with the many country borders being closed down, it creates impediments for international trade. As coffee is considered an essential consumer good, with the decrease in supply, the demand is bound to increase

Based on our research, we think that the likely price elasticity of the coffee industry is inelastic.