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1 - all living things are made of one or more cells
2 - the cell is the basic unit of life
3 - new cells arise from pre-existing cell

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The cell is made up of centrioles, lysosomes, mitochondrion, endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, cell membrane, nucleolus, cytoplasm, and Golgi bodies. These all work together to drive various processes in the cell. Cellular respiration takes place in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. Biosynthesis also takes place in the cell. LOM cannot enter the cell, but SOM can.

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The respiratory system consists of breathing in and out, and your lungs. When breathing in, O2 enters the body and goes to the cells for cellular respiration. CO2 and H2O come back from the cells and are exhaled out. The lung maintains this O2 and CO2 travel when the blood passes through it.

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The circulatory system consists of the blood stream. During digestion, the SOM needs to travel to the cells for cellular respiration and biosynthesis. They do this through the blood. O2 also travels through the blood. CO2 and H2O return through the blood in order to be exhaled out.

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Needs to have certain things which are useful to buyers: serving sizes, servings per box, calories, total fat, saturated fat, trans fat, cholesterol, sodium, total carbohydrates, fiber, sugars, protein, vitamins, and minerals. Because saturated fat, trans fat, fibers, and sugars are subcategories AND vitamins, minerals, cholesterol, and sodium are very little quantity-wise, you can find the water content with just the total fats, total carbs, and protein. Just add the gram amounts, and subtract that from the total serving size.

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What changes happened to matter?
Did molecules get rearranged?
What were the reactants and products?

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Where did matter move?
Where did it move in or out of the system?
From where did it come from?

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What forms of energy did the system start with?
What forms of energy did the system end with?
How did you sense the presence of the energy?

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The process that happens during a fire. It is when an organic molecule and O2 are reactants and CO2 and H2O are products of the chemical change. One time when this occurs is during our ethanol burning experiment.

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The digestive system as a whole helps to convert LOM into SOM that can be used for growth and energy. There are numerous parts, and each play their own role. Overall, they utilize enzymes to break down food.

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Food we eat travel through here. One enzyme is produced in our mouth which is saliva. This breaks down simple sugars. All the food is broken down into a "mushy" type thing.

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When swallowing, you push the mushy type thing from chewing and eating into your esophagus. The esophagus is basically a "pipe" that takes food from the mouth to the stomach.

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The stomach further digests the food through mechanical and chemical digestion. Mechanical digestion occurs in the "churning" motion of the stomach where the LOM are broken into small LOM when being moved around. Chemical digestion occurs when more enzymes digest the food and turns it into SOM.

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The small intestine's purpose is to take out the usable materials(SOM and water) and leave only the indigestible stuff(fibers and other molecules). It also breaks down any additional LOM. There are 3 parts - duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. The walls of the small intestine allow SOM to pass through and into the bloodstream. It removes most of the water but not all.

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This small part attached to the start of the large intestine is used for immune system reboot. If our body's cells get taken over(such as sickness), the appendix releases good bacteria that can help start our body's system again. Until recently, it was believed to be useless.

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The large intestine removes all the water for use.

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This excretes waste from our body

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Secretes insulin which breaks down glucose

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Creates bile and stores glycogen

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Digestion is the process where an animal body breaks down LOM into SOM. During digestion, water and food(LOM) are reactants and SOM are the products. Digestion helps to break down food enough so that it can enter our cells and be used.

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Health News: Latest Health Tips, Today's Mens & Womens Health Care Tips

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Health News: Find all the latest health news , including, latest health care tips, articles on mens health, womens health, today's medical news at indianexpress.com

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Stores bile produced by liver

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Anything that has mass and takes up space.

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- No mass
- Heat, Light, Motion, Kinetic, Chemical, etc.
- Does not take up space
- Can be felt with senses
- In organic molecules, it is stored as chemical energy in the high-energy bonds (C-C and C-H)

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Cellular Respiration is the process where a body or plant harnesses the energy stored in food and breaks it down. There are 2 types: Aerobic and Anaerobic Respiration.
Aerobic: has 3 processes - Glycolysis, Kreb Cycle, and Electron Transport chain. These work together to break down Glucose and O2 into CO2 and H2O while producing anywhere from 32-38 ATP(Adenosine Triphosphite)
Anaerobic Respiration: the first step is also glycolysis. From there it divides into 2 processes: Alcoholic Respiration and Lactic Acid Respiration. Alcoholic results in Alcohol and CO2 as products, and Lactic Acid results in Lactic Acid(Muscle Burning feeling) and CO2. This ONLY results in 2 ATP but can happen VERY quickly

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Biosynthesis is the process where our body rebuilds SOM into LOM within the cells for growth and energy storage. In biosynthesis, SOM are the reactants and LOM and water are the products. It undergoes dehydration synthesis where the SOM become LOM. One of the LOM, fat, is stored in our body for later use as fat can hold a lot of energy. Some of the excess glucose in our body goes to the liver where we convert it into glycogen which stores the glucose for later use. Proteins, some fats, and some carbs are used for building in the cell. They can help to duplicate the cell which results in growth.

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We burnt food (Frito's[high in fat] and Marsh mellows[high in sugar{carbs}]) in order to measure the amount of energy stored in them. Once we burned the food, we measured the temperature of the water and were able to calculate the amount of calories in the food. This energy is stored in the C-C and C-H bonds in the food, and fat has a lot of these. Frito's were composed of a lot of fat so it contained more energy and increased the temperature of the water more.

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We burnt Ethanol in an enclosed system (sealed plastic box) and watched as the flame went out and the BTB(Bromothymol Blue) turned yellow. As the CO2 concentrantion increased, the BTB reacted and changed the color. We previously found out that flames need O2 because it is a reactant. Once the O2 in the container ran out, the flame went out. As the CO2 concentration increased, the BTB started to change color. This means that a change in matter happened where CO2 was a product of a reaction. Additionally, we saw that water built up on the roof of the box, right above the flame, and saw that matter moved out of the flame and to the top of our closed system. We could feel heat energy on the surface of the box and saw the light energy that was emitted by the flame.

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During this lab, we waited 24 hours to see mealworm growth. We put mealworms and potato into an enclosed system with O2 and BTB, and waited. After 24 hours, we measured, and the potato lost mass while the mealworms gained mass. This means that matter moved from the potato and to the mealworms for cellular respiration and biosynthesis. Additionally, the BTB turned into a yellow-orange color meaning that additional CO2 was present. This mean that a change in matter had happened in order to increase the concentration of CO2 in the system. We also observed motion energy where the mealworms moved around our system and the potato.

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Dehydration synthesis is the process where 2 molecules combine and create 1 water molecule. This occurs during biosynthesis where 2 SOM combine into 1 LOM. The opposite is hydrolysis. Hydrolysis is when a big molecule breaks down with water as a reactant. This is used during digestion where a LOM and water become 2 SOM.

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Organic molecules are any molecules with C-C and C-H bonds. These are unstable high-energy bonds because they can be broken easily and store chemical energy in their bonds. There are 4 types of Large Organic Molecules(LOM) - Carbohydrates, Lipids, Proteins, and DNA(Deoxyribonucleic Acid). These can be broken down into smaller subunits that can enter the cell, and are used in both cellular respiration and biosynthesis. These Small Organic Molecules(SOM) are - Glycerol, Fatty Acids, Amino Acids, and Monosaccharides.

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Molecules such as minerals, vitamins, and water. These are necessities to your body but they still matter. Anything that does not have C-C and C-H bonds are inorganic molecules.