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http://www.easybib.com/

"5 Things to Know about Measles - CNN.com." CNN. Cable News Network, n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2015.

"Measles Cases and Outbreaks." Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 09 Feb. 2015. Web. 11 Feb. 2015

"Measles." Definition. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2015.

"Measles." Healthline. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2015.

"Measles." Measles. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.

"Measles Symptoms, Causes, Treatment - What Are Measles Symptoms and Signs? - MedicineNet." MedicineNet. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Feb. 2015.

"Measles - Treatment ." Measles. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2015.

"Measles." WHO. N.p., n.d. Web. 11 Feb. 2015.

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-92% of people who were contaminated in 2013 did not get the vaccine.

- Measles can only survive in humans not in animals.

-The cells of measles usually grow at the back of the throat and around the lungs.

-In 2005 311,000 people died from measles.

-6-20% of people who get measles will get an ear infection, diarrhea, or even pneumonia.

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What body systems are affected by measles?

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What body systems are affected by measles?

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Measles is a very serious disease. One system that the disease affects is your respiratory system. Your respiratory system consists of the pathway for your mouth, nose, throat and lungs, which makes it very serious to your health. In that case Measles is a viral disease that is located in the respiratory system and it clogs up these pathways in your body. Your respiratory system would be affected because it would be the first system it comes into contact with.

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How does my immune system fight off measles?

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How does my immune system fight off measles?

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Your immune system fights off measles by creating and sending white-blood cells at the disease. It is able to do this because of your lymph nodes. You can only get measles once, because your immune system has become immune to the disease because of the vaccine or a previous contamination.

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White-blood cells are affected by measles. They are only 1% of the blood in your body, but they serve an important purpose. They fight off diseases. The virus kills the cells by fusing the cell membrane of neighboring cells. If the cells cannot fight off the measles, the cell count could lower or raise. It could lower if the virus kills or infects the cells. It could raise because the cells may not be able to fight off the measles and the immune system is forced to keep making more white-blood cells. This could cause seroius problems.

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Doctors and public health officials are girding for the possible arrival of measles in Massachusetts, as an outbreak that originated in California's Disneyland moves swiftly across the country and sparks renewed alarm over a nearly conquered illness.

State and city public health authorities have circulated alerts urging health workers, many of whom have never treated a case of measles, to be vigilant for its symptoms (fever, cough, runny nose, red eyes, and rash) and to isolate any patient who may have the virus.

"I think we're all worried," said Dr. Lawrence Madoff, director of the epidemiology and immunization division at the state Department of Public Health. "It would not surprise me to see a case in Massachusetts."

The Disneyland outbreak has sickened 102 people, including one in New York, which borders Massachusetts, and seven in Arizona, where the Super Bowl was held last weekend.

The outbreak has raised widespread concerns because people from all over the country and the world visit the Southern California amusement park, extending the virus's potential spread at a time when an increasing number of people are shunning the measles vaccine.

While immunization rates remain high in Massachusetts, cases of the disease occur almost every year in the state. The virus typically arrives from abroad, carried by a traveler from a nation where the disease is endemic. Usually, just a few people are affected.

Most people who get measles recover fully and can't get infected again. But the virus can lead to serious complications and even death: One person out of every 500 infected suffers long-lasting harm such as deafness, seizures, and brain damage. And one out of every 500 dies.

Because Massachusetts reports one of the nation's highest rates of immunization against measles, any potential outbreak will be limited, Madoff said. The measles vaccine is one of the most effective there is, protecting all but 3 percent of those vaccinated. But in certain Massachusetts communities, clusters of people are resisting vaccinating their children, creating pockets of vulnerability where the virus could get a foothold.

And adults who received an earlier version of the measles vaccine, between 1963 and 1968, may not be fully protected, said Dr. Anita Barry, director of the infectious disease bureau at the Boston Public Health Commission. Those adults should get revaccinated.

Dr. Cody Meissner, chief of pediatric infectious diseases at Tufts Medical Center's Floating Hospital for Children, noted that certain people cannot be immunized against measles, including infants, transplant recipients, people infected with HIV, and those undergoing chemotherapy. If exposed to measles, they are more likely to die, Meissner said.

The vulnerability of infants was highlighted Thursday, when Illinois health officials reported that five babies - too young for vaccination - were diagnosed with measles at a suburban Chicago day care center, and 10 others were possibly exposed. There is no known link to the Disneyland outbreak, however.

Measles remains a worry because of "its extraordinary ability to infect people," said Dr. Elizabeth D. Barnett, a pediatric infectious disease specialist at Boston Medical Center. "It's one of the most highly contagious viruses that we know about."

A person can catch measles by walking into a room in which an infected person sneezed two hours earlier. Just as concerning: People carrying the virus can spread it for four days before the tell-tale rash appears and four days after it ends, meaning people who seem well can make others sick.

Before the measles vaccine was licensed in 1963, about 3 million to 4 million people got infected each year in the United States, 400 to 500 died, and 48,000 were hospitalized. In 2000, the United States declared that measles was eliminated from this country, meaning that the disease is no longer constantly present.

But measles is common in other countries, and outbreaks occur when someone from abroad comes in contact with unvaccinated Americans. These outbreaks have been getting bigger and more frequent as vaccination rates have fallen in some communities, driven by unproven notions about vaccine side effects. As a result, 644 cases of measles were diagnosed in 27 states last year, the most in more than 20 years.

Eight of those cases were in Massachusetts. One was a man from Germany who came to Massachusetts General Hospital, recalled Dr. David C. Hooper, chief of the hospital's infection control unit. The staff recognized the illness and isolated the patient quickly to prevent the virus from escaping.

The hospital then had to make sure that everyone who came in contact with the man had documented immunity to measles. "These sorts of things can generate a lot of work, to make sure you don't miss anybody who might have been susceptible," Hooper said.

There was only one measles case in Massachusetts in 2013, none in 2012, and 24 in 2011.

The most severe Massachusetts outbreak of recent years occurred in 2006, when a computer programmer from India spread measles to coworkers at the John Hancock tower who then infected others. Eventually, 15 people fell ill in that single outbreak, and public health officials spent weeks locating everyone who had come in contact with the sick people, checking their immunization status, offering vaccines, and quarantining more than 1,000 people.

To achieve "herd immunity" against measles - the condition in which so many people are vaccinated that the whole community is protected - 95 percent of a population needs to be immune.

In 2013, Massachusetts had the fourth-highest percentage (95.8 percent) of children age 19 months to 35 months who had received the measles-mumps-rubella vaccine.

But there is variability within the state. Although state law requires vaccination before children can attend school, parents may obtain an exemption by providing a medical reason or merely stating they have a religious objection. The number who obtained exemptions increased from less than 1 percent in the 2000-2001 school year to 1.5 percent in 2013-14.

In certain parts of the state, exemption rates are much higher: 5.5 percent in Franklin County and 4.9 percent on Cape Cod, Nantucket, and Martha's Vinyard.

"Whenever vaccination starts to drop, we do have the risk of relatively large outbreaks," said William P. Hanage, associate professor of epidemiology at the Harvard School of Public Health. "Once you start getting to numbers of 500 or 1,000, we will start seeing deaths."

But there are still so many people in the country who are immune to measles that the disease is unlikely to make a full comeback, he said.

Related:

* Measles reported at Ill. day-care site

* Michael A. Cohen: Why vaccines matter

* Measles flare-up expands

Felice J. Freyer can be reached at felice.freyer@globe.com. Follow her on Twitter @felicejfreyer

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Mass. readies for measles, as Disneyland outbreak spreads - The Boston Globe

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Doctors and public health officials are girding for the possible arrival of measles in Massachusetts, as an outbreak that originated in California's Disneyland moves swiftly across the country and sparks renewed alarm over a nearly conquered illness.

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Measles Outbreak in Disneyland 2014-2015

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Measles Outbreak in Disneyland 2014-2015

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Jan. 7 - Officials warned the public that a Disneyland visitor may be linked to at least seven confirmed cases of the measles throughout California and two in Utah. Six of the seven California patients were not vaccinated for measles. Doctors suspected the first infected person visited the park sometime between Dec. 15 and Dec. 20, 2014.

Jan. 8 - A Utah Department of Health spokeswoman said both cases in their state were not vaccinated.

Jan. 9 - The Orange County Healthcare Agency reported five more people who visited Disneyland parks were diagnosed with measles. The number of cases in the state goes up to a dozen.

Jan. 10 -Colorado health officials confirmed one patient was diagnosed with measles at a Colorado Springs hospital after visiting a California theme park.

Nineteen people from three states (16 in California, two in Utah, and one in Colorado) contracted measles, health officials said.

Jan. 12 - The Long Beach Health Department confirmed one measles case in the city.

The California Department of Public Health said 26 people in four states have been linked to the Disneyland outbreak.

Jan. 13 - The state health department warned residents of three new cases, two in San Bernardino County and one in Long Beach. At least 22 cases have been linked to the Disneyland visitor in December.

Jan. 23 -- The Ventura County Star, citing bank officials, reports that an employee at a Citibank branch in Camarillo contracted the virus, possibly infecting others who visited the bank.

Jan. 16 - Seven new cases in San Diego were linked to Disneyland outbreak. Two of six infected siblings had visited the park.

Jan. 17 -Health officials reported at least 51 measles cases have been diagnosed since the December outbreak. All but nine were connected to Disney theme parks. Forty-five of those cases have been in California.

Jan. 19 - Sharp Rees-Stealy Rancho Bernardo Urgent Care is closed as a result of a suspected case of measles.

Jan. 20 - After the Department of Health confirmed a student with measles was at Huntington Beach High School sometime between Jan. 6 and Jan 8., administrators told 23 unvaccinated students to stay home for 21 days, the incubation period for measles.

Jan. 21 - Orange County confirmed two new cases of measles, raising its total to 20.

Disney said it will consider refund requests on a "case-by-case" basis.

San Diego County has three new cases, a total of 13.

California health officials say California has now 59 cases of measles this year, 42 of which are related to an initial exposure at Disneyland.

Five Disneyland employees are diagnosed with measles. The Orange County Healthcare Agency said there is still "ongoing measles transmission at Disneyland."

Jan. 27 - The number of reported measles cases in California has grown to at least 73, with 50 of them linked to the Disney theme park outbreak, state health officials said.

Jan. 28 - California State University, Long Beach confirms that a student has been diagnosed with measles. The student, who lives in Orange County, may have exposed at least 20 other students to the virus during an off-campus field trip with the university. It was not immediately clear whether the Long Beach student's case was linked to Disneyland.

Feb. 3 -- Los Angeles County health officials confirm 21 cases of measles, 17 of which are linked to the outbreak triggered at Disneyland.

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Jan. 7 - Officials warned the public that a Disneyland visitor may be linked to at least seven confirmed cases of the measles throughout California and two in Utah. Six of the seven California patients were not vaccinated for measles. Doctors suspected the first infected person visited the park sometime between Dec.

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The is no known immediate cure for measles, but the symptoms usually go away in about 7-10 days. It is in the best interest of you and the people around you to keep isolated because measles is highly contagious. You should also see a doctor for confirmation of the illness. If the symptoms worsen, go to your doctor immediately.

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How can I prevent myself from getting measles?

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How can I prevent myself from getting measles?

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You can prevent yourself from measles by getting a vaccine called the MMR vaccine. You are recommended to get the vaccine at age 1 and again between the ages of 4 to 6. Despite rumors that the vaccine gives you autism, this rumor has been scientifically proven to be false. There was a 91% prevention rate when 1-4 year old children got vaccinated in 2012.

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Some signs and symptoms include:

High Fever

Runny Nose

Bloodshot Eyes

White Spots Inside Your Mouth

Sore Throat

Dry Cough

Full Body Rash

Measles itself cannot produce any

life-threatening symptoms, but it can

lead to complications such as pneumonia,

brain inflation, blindness, deafness, or even

death.

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Measles can be spread by people breathing in infected air that has small air droplets which, are contaminated with the measles virus. The droplets are also spread by the infected person sneezing and coughing. Lastly, if your body is not immune to measles and you touch an infected person, there is a 90% chance you will get infected. Measles air droplets can stay in the air for up to 2 hours after the contaminated person has left the area.

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Measles is a viral disease that is located in your respiratory system.  Measles is common in parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa, but it is rapidly growing in the USA. According to the Center of Disease Control and Prevention, in 2014, 644 cases of measles were reported. In 2013, only about 190 cases were reported. Children under the age of 5 and adults over 20 are subject to measles.