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Alternative: Example – Hong Kong Green Monday movement

The Hong Kong social movement Green Monday “launched its social movement to encourage as many people as possible to eat healthier Meat-free foods on Mondays.”(EcoWarrior.net, 2020)

Redemptive
Example – Alcoholics Anonymous

The Alcoholics Anonymous movement seeks to help alcoholics transform their lives to give up their alcoholic addiction, members of the movement must be ready “to have God remove all defects of character”(12 steps to Alcoholics Anonymous).

Revolutionary
Example –  Khomeini’s Iranian Revolution

Iran changed from a Democratic Monarchy to a Religious State in 1979, “In 1979, a revolution brought massive change to Iran. The country became an Islamic republic.”(BBCNews, 2019)

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Change achieved
-          NBA & Democratic party alignment – The BlackLivesMatter movement was able to align itself with the Democratic Party through their common ActBlue funding organisation which gives it political power to influence laws made in America. The BlackLivesMatter movement was also able to allgin itself with the NBA, which now has BlackLivesMatter signs on the floors of every game, and all basketball players are required to wear BlackLivesMatter on their T-Shirts. The NBA also started the #MoreThanAVote and opened up basketball stadiums to support African Americans the opportunity to vote. This gives the Black Lives Matter movement significant political power as they can influence who African Americans will vote for in America.

-          The Police reform Bill - The Black Lives Matter movement was able to achieve reform that involved retraining of police that bans the “use of chokeholds and requires them to wear body cameras.”(BBCNews, 2020)

-          Breonna Law – Following the murder of Breonna Taylor by police, the Black Lives Matter movement and several NBA players began protesting for reform, “One thing for me is that Breonna Taylor’s killers are still allowed to roam around free.” – Paul George(BleacherReport, 2020). NBA player Paul George was campaigning for the BLM movements #JusticeforBreonna protest and were able to achieve Breonna’s Law in Louisville, which now prevents police the right to search houses without a warrant.

-          Successfully raised awareness - After police killed George FLoyd - "as many as 21 million adults had attended the Black Lives Matter protest"(CNN, 2020). These large protests were successful and they managed to achieve Social Change in the form of the Police Reform Bill introduced to parliament by the Democratic Party

Failures of the BLM Movement
- One of the goals of the Black Lives Matter movement was to achieve “Economic Change”(BlackLivesMatter.com, 2020). The movement failed to achieve this goal as seen in an article from TheGuardian, “whatever is projected for the national unemployment rate, we can expect to see something close to that for Black Americans.”(TheGuardian, 2020).
- Colin Kaepernick is still without an NFL team due to taking a stance for African American rights, “Colin Kaepernick forced exile has lasted over 500 days.”(TheIntercept, 2018). BLM was unable to support Kaepernick.

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Example – Power Use by the Black Lives Matter movement

Unsuccessful
1.       "Once again the system of oppression is what I have an issue with. There is more than one way to create change."(ESPN, 2016) *Colin Kaepernick supported the movement by taking a knee on TV that was shown all over the world to raise awareness and to achieve social change. This was unsuccessful as Kaepernick was fired from the NFL and no laws were changed as a result of his use of power

2.       "wave of protests after jury doesn't indict police officer in Eric Garner chokehold case". (NYTimes, 2014) *No Social Change was achieved despite thousands protesting for police reform after Eric Garner was killed by police."

Successful

1.       After police killed George FLoyd - "as many as 21 million adults had attended the Black Lives Matter protest"(CNN, 2020). These large protests were successful and they managed to achieve Social Change in the form of the Police Reform Bill introduced to parliament by the Democratic Party

2.      After police shot unarmed black man Jacob Blake "Some NBA arenas will become 2020 voting locations"(BusinessInsider, 2020). - This was to support African Americans to vote, and to support the Black Lives Matter movement. The NBA players were able to achieve Social Change to support the BLM movement to support more African Americans to vote

“One thing for me is that Breonna Taylor’s killers are still allowed to roam around free.” – Paul George(BleacherReport, 2020). NBA player Paul George was campaigning for the BLM movements #JusticeforBreonna protest and were able to achieve Breonna’s Law in Louisville, which now prevents police the right to search houses without a warrant.

Power Use by the Opposition

Successful
1.       “New York City police arrested 223 people in overnight protests.”(ABCNews, 2014). The Police were able to resist Social Change protests from the Black Lives Matter movement after the killing of Eric Garner by arresting over 200 protestors.

2.       “Colin Kaepernick forced exile has lasted over 500 days.”(TheIntercept, 2018). The NFL has successfully used power to resist Social Change advocated for by Colin Kaepernick by releasing him from the playing in the NFL

Unsuccessful

1.      “US Police arrested over 10,000 protestors”(TheGuardian, 2020). US police attempted to stop the George Floyd protests in America by arresting over 10,000 people overnight. However they were unsuccessful as the protestors were able to achieve the Police Reform Bill

2.      When the Mayor of New York City De-Blasio put forth an iniative to have BlackLivesMatter painted on 5th Avenue(a famous street in America), president Trump attempted to intervene on Twitter and request the police to stop this from happening but failed. “@NYCMayor is going to paint a big, expensive BlackLivesMatter sign on Fifth Avenue… Maybe our great police won’t let this symbol of hate be affixed to New York’s greatest street”.(@realDonaldTrump twitter account, 01/07/2020)

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Emergence:
1. Barack Obama
"If I had a son, he would look like Trayvon Martin".(GlobalNews, 2013)
2. BLM organisers(Patricia Cullors, Opal Tometi, Alicia Garza)
"To make sure we are creating a world where black lives actually do matter.”(TheGuardian, 2016)

Coalescence
2. Colin Kaepaernick - "Once again the system of oppression is what I have an issue with. There is more than one way to create change."(ESPN, 2016)
*He made the movement by taking a knee on TV that was shown all over the world.

1. Freedom ride
"a group of about 400 men, women and children marched down the street where Brown was killed."(Colorlines, 2014)
*This show the movement has grown to become popular with hundred joining the protest

3. killing of Eric Garner
"wave of protests after jury doesn't indict police officer in Eric Garner chokehold case". (NYTimes, 2014)
*Waves of protests shows that the movement has caught on and become popular

Bureaucratisation
1. Offices all over the world. The Black Lives matter movement has offices all over the world, including the Toronto Chapter with its own office and website "info@blacklivesmatter.ca"(BlackLivesMatter.com, 2020)

2. BLM becomes an organisation with large funding.
"Black Lives Matter Global Foundation, a US non-for-profit organisation is active in the UK, Canada and the US."(BlackLivesMatter.com, 2020). They also received more than $6.5million in funding at their headquarter in California(BlackLivesmatter.com, 2020) to distribute to their different chapters around the world.

3. Black Lives Matter movement becomes aligned with the Democratic party.
Both the Black Lives Matter Movement, and the American Democratic party accept donations through "ActBlue"(WokeHub.com, 2020). This is an organisation that accepts donations and gives it to both the BLM movemnt and the Democratic party.
The BLM was also able to influence the democratic party to pass "legislation to reform police"(BBCnews, 2020).

4. The Black Lives Matter movement becomes alligned with the NBA.
Lebron James started the #MoreThanAVote movement to support the Black Lives Matter movement and the Democratic party. "More Than a Vote is not only about getting people in our community to vote, it's about giving them the power to know that they can create change." (USAToday, 2020)

Decline -likelihood(not yet entered decline)
1. Democratic party aligned itself with the BLM
"US Democrats introduce sweeping legislation to reform police".(BBCNews, 2020). - This was done due to pressure from the BLM on their Democratic allies.

2. The popularity of the BLM
After police killed George FLoyd - "as many as 21 million adults had attended the Black Lives Matter protest"(CNN, 2020). Have alot of money -$6.5million(BlackLivesMatter.com, 2020)

3. Support from the NBA
After police shot unarmed black man Jacob Blake "Some NBA arenas will become 2020 voting locations"(BusinessInsider, 2020). - This is to support African Americans to vote, and to support the Black Lives MAtter movement.

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Relative Deprivation:
"Median White Households wealth in 2020 $171,000, Median Black Households wealth in 2020 $17,600"(Netflix, 2020)
*This shows that African Americans have been experiencing economic injustice and one of the goals of the BLM movement is: to end "Economic Injustice"(BlackLivesMatter.com)

"The issue dealing with racial inequality is connected to the issue of wealth" - Patrick Mason(CNN, 2020).

The Black Lives Matter movement made a proposal to improve economic conditions for African Americans, "federal money to be reinvested in education, employment and other services in black communities."(CNN, 2020)

New Social Movement
"What we need now is a human rights movement that challenges systemic racism in every single context"(Opal Tometi - Ted Talk, 2016)

"The system of oppression is what I have an issue with." - Colin Kaepernick(ESPN, 2016)

*The goal is much broader than economic deprivation, 'racism in every context' has a much broader view, including changing norms and values in society, more rights and less discrimination.

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Reformative - Black Lives Matter
"What we need now is a human rights movement that challenges systemic racism in every single context"(Opal Tometi - Ted Talk, 2016). -

**This quote shows it Reformative as they want only specific laws to change, not all of society to transform.

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Relative Deprivation theory

New Social Movement theory

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Emergence:
1. Barack Obama
"If I had a son, he would look like Trayvon Martin".(GlobalNews, 2013)
2. BLM organisers(Patricia Cullors, Opal Tometi, Alicia Garza)
"To make sure we are creating a world where black lives actually do matter.”(TheGuardian, 2016)

Coalescence
1. Colin Kaepaernick - "Once again the system of oppression is what I have an issue with. There is more than one way to create change."(ESPN, 2016)

Bureaucratisation
1.

Decline
1.

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Group of people & Collective Action.
"21 million adults have attended a Black Lives Matter or Police Brutality protest."(CNN, 2020)

Social Change
"What we need now is a human rights movement that challenges systemic racism in every single context"(Opal Tometi - Ted Talk, 2016)

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Emergence:
1. Colin Kaepaernick - "Once again the system of oppression is what I have an issue with. There is more than one way to create change."(ESPN, 2016)
2. Barack Obama
"If I had a son, he would look like Trayvon Martin".(GlobalNews, 2013)
3. BLM organisers(Patricia Cullors, Opal Tometi, Alicia Garza)
"“A call to action,” says Garza. “To make sure we are creating a world where black lives actually do matter.”(TheGuardian, 2016)

Coalescence
1.