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Annisa Zulfa Nahwa /XE/10
Located on Jl.Bokoharjo,Prambanan,Sleman Regency,Spesial Region of Yogyakarta.The temple compound is located approximateiy 17 km northeast of  the city of Yogyakarta on the boundary berween Central Java and Yogyakarta provinces.The temple compound,a UNESCO World Heritage Site,is the largest Hindu temple site in Indonesia and second-largest in Southeast Asia.It is characterized by its tall and pointed architecture,typical of Hindu architecture,and by the towering 47 -metre-higt(154 ft) central building inside  a large complex of individual temples.Prambanan attracts  visitors many from around the world.
Legend says that a princess was cursed and turned into a statuate standing inside Prambanan temple.Long time ago,there lived a beautiful princess named Roro Jonggrang.Her beauty attracted a prince named Bandung Bondowoso .He askedher to marry him but Roro Jonggrang had a condition. To politely turn down the proposal without insulting Bandung Bodowoso ,she demanded a thousand temples to be built overnight.To her surpise,the prince said that the wouid do as she demanded.
Bandung Bondowoso then requasted the help of a horde of spirits to bulid the temples in single night.When the 999th temple was erected,Roro Jonggrang ordered the villagers to light fires and pound rice using large mortars. The spirit thought that the sun had risen and ran like hell. Enraged by princess trikery,Bandung Bondowoso cursed he,turning the princess into a stone statue to completethe 1,000 temples

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Salsabila Aulia N. F / X E / 32
Imogiri tomb was built in 1632 by Sultan Mataram III Sultan Agung Hanyokrokusumo who is a descendant of the First Panembahan Senopati of the Mataram King. Sultan Agung chose the hills named Pajimatan Girirejo to build the tomb of the king, apparently it was not without reason.
In accordance with the stories and beliefs of the local community, that when Sultan Agung was looking for land to be used for burial sites, Sultan Agung brought a handful of sand that came from Arabia.  The sand was then thrown far south from Plered the capital of Mataram, until it finally fell in the Thousand Hills, on one of the hills located in Imogiri.  On this basis Sultan Agung then decided to build the tomb of the king at Imogiri.
In 1632 AD, the Imogiri tomb complex began to be built and architected by Keraton courtiers named KRT.  Tjitro Koesoemo by order of Sultan Agung. The red brick that dominates the upper tomb area is a major feature of Javanese Islamic architecture or Hindu Islamic architecture in the 17th century.
The selection of the hill as the location of the tomb can not be separated from the concept of pre-Hindu Javanese people who see the hill, or a high place, as a sacred place and a place where ancestral spirits live.  In addition, the choice of location in a high place is also a form of Hindu belief that the higher the burial place, the higher the degree of glory.
The first king to be buried in Pasarean Imogiri was Sultan Agung Hanyakrakusuma.  This cemetery was later used by his successor kings, even when the Mataram Kingdom was divided into the Yogyakarta Sultanate and the Surakarta Sunanate.  The division of this kingdom then helped divide the burial area.
Currently Imogiri Pasarean consists of several main complexes namely Kasultanagungan, Pakubuwanan, Surakarta Sunanate and Yogyakarta Sultanate.

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("Jakarta Old Town"), officially known as Kota Tua,[1] is a neighborhood comprising the original downtown area
of Jakarta, Indonesia. It is also known as Oud Batavia
(Dutch "Old Batavia"), Benedenstad (Dutch "Lower City", contrasting it with Weltevreden, de Bovenstad ("Upper City")), or Kota Lama (Indonesian "Old Town").

The site contains Dutch-style structures mostly dated from 17th century, when the port city served as the Asian headquarter of VOC during the heyday of spice trade.[2] It spans 1.3 square kilometres within North Jakarta and West Jakarta (Kelurahan Pinangsia, Taman Sari and Kelurahan Roa Malaka, Tambora). The largely Chinese downtown area of Glodok is a part of Kota Tua.

Kota Tua is a remainder of Old Batavia, the first walled settlement of the Dutch in Jakarta area. It was an inner walled city with its own Castle. The area gained importance during the 17th-19th century when it was established as the de facto capital of the Dutch East Indies. This inner walled city contrasted with the surrounding kampung (villages), orchards, and rice fields. Dubbed "The Jewel of Asia" in the 16th century by European sailors, the area was a center of commerce due to its strategic location within the spice trade industry in the archipelago.

Najwa Habibah/XE/26

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abidah kiraami 01

The Heritage Palace is a former Gembongan Kartasura Sukoharjo sugar factory which was founded by the Dutch in 1892. Later it was revitalized as a transport museum one of the relics of the era of the Islamic Mataram Kingdom which was founded in 1892.
This factory stands majestically with a very beautiful art deco architecture. Large pillars towering the main building. Emitting a silvery white color, making this place luxurious and special. More like a palace if I say. .
Since it opened on June 9, 2018, this area has become an alternative tourist attraction for tourists. Kartasura itself is a sub-district included in the Sukoharjo Regency. Here there is a 3D Trick Art & Omah Kwalik museum, Transportation Museum, Industrial Museum, Garden Retro Paradise, Convention Hall, Kids Town & Food Street. To enter The Heritage Palace, you have to buy a canal ticket Rp.55,000.

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Penataran Temple was built by the King of Kediri Kingdom named Raja Srengga in 1194 M. Raja Srengga had the title Sri Maharaja Sri Sarweqwara Triwikramawataranindita Çrengalancana Digwijayottungadewa. He ruled in the kingdom of Kediri in 1190 - 1200 AD At the beginning of its construction, the history of the Penataran Temple was functioned as a means of Hindu worship ceremonies. The purpose of this ceremony is one of which is to ward off the dangers of Mount Kelud, which at that time often erupted. In 1286, Naga Temple was built inside the Penataran Temple complex. In this Naga Temple, you can see the relief of 9 people who support the dragon. Naga itself is a symbol of candrasengkala or the year 1208 Saka. During the Jayanegara government, Penataran temple was once again noticed. The next leaders, namely Tribuanatunggadewi and Hayam Wuruk also paid attention to this temple to become an official state temple with dharma status.

In the book Negarakertagama by Mpu Prapanca (1365), it is explained that Raja Hayam Wuruk, who was then ruling the Majapahit Kingdom in 1350 to 1389 AD, visited Penataran Temple during his visit in the East Java region. King Hayam Wuruk visited this temple with the aim of worshiping Hyang Acalapat, who was the embodiment of Lord Shiva as Girindra or King of the Mountain. In another source, a chronicle of the XV century, it is mentioned that the Penataran Temple is a place used as a means of religious learning and a place of pilgrimage that is crowded with visitors. This chronicle tells the journey of a Sundanese royal aristocrat to the Penataran Temple which in the chronicle is called Rabut Palah.

The rediscovery of the historical site of Penataran Temple took place in 1815. This is known from the records of a British colonist named Sir Thomas Stamford Raffles. Raffles was the Governor General of the British Colonial Government at that time. Even so, until 1850 people were not well known and tended to be ignored. In 1995, the Penataran Temple was put forward by the government as a candidate for the UNESCO world heritage site from Indonesia. At present, Penataran Temple has received attention from the government and has undergone a renovation process. Penataran Temple is one of the tourism destinations favored by Blitar and East Java.

hanifaturrohmah /17

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Zahrotul Firdaus / 38 / XE
Now I am lived at Kaliwungu, Kendal Regency. It was a hot city and one of city that become Pantura Lane. Because of that, makes Kaliwungu always crowded everyday. Kaliwungu is my home. And I still love to go to my home when I stay at Yogyakarta. Therefore, I knew little bit about he history of Kaliwungu.

Name of Kaliwungu made by the colour of the blood Sunan Katong and Empu Pakuwaja. They are duel because a misunderstand. Empu Pakuwaja stabbed Sunan Katong. Because of that, Sunan Katong was angry. They are duel on the hill. Than both of them passed away. The blood from Sunan Katong (blue) mixed with the blood of Empu Pakuwaja (red) at Sarean River. Finally, red blood and blue blood mixed with river is water became purple.

That is why, this place we have been called ‘’Kaliwungu’’ (Purple River).  Other name of Kaliwungu is we used call ‘’Kota Santri’’. Here very much student. They are from other city came to Kaliwungu for studied at ‘’Pondok Apik’’. It is one of Nahdlatul Ulama is Pondok.

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AULIA RAHMAH /12 / 4E It is said that in ancient times, there was an area controlled by a character named Nyi Lundong and her husband, Ki Lundong. One day, Nyi Lundong and Ki Lundong planned to clean their yard. They collected leaves and trash scattered and then burned. Because the leaves and garbage they burn are very many, causing smoke and small charcoal that are thick and soaring high.

The burned area began to spread to other areas until it reached the Karanganyar Hamlet. History is called Karanganyar because the smoke and small charcoal burned by Nyi Lundong fell on the area and burned the place. Karanganyar consists of the words "karangan" or "yard", and "anyar" which means "new", meaning that is "New Yard".

Karanganyar is part of the Lundong village area because it burned down. Although the place is far apart and is limited by several other villages, but it remains a territory of Lundong village.

Nyi Lundong plans to make the burned area belong to the area inhabited by Nyi Lundong itself, now known as Desa Lundong. In Lundong Village, Nyi Lundong's grave is located.

Now the dukuh is well known and has grown. If there is a rural event, this hamlet does not miss to join with other hamlet in Lundong Village

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Fitri Dwi 13/XE
This bridge is known as a red bridge after being the location of bloodshed between the arek-arek surabaya against allied troops on 10 November 1945 ago. Initially the bridge was a wooden bridge created because of the agreement of Pakubuwono II from Mataram with the VOC in 1743. According to Yoesoef Romadhon, the Leadership Council of the Karang Pilang Legion of the Republic of Indonesia Veterans (LVRI) Surabaya, the red name was pinned because of the dark history of the bridge.

The main point of the battle led by Bung Tomo took place in the Viaduct area or about 50 meters to the west of the bridge. There was also the location of the explosion of Brigadier General AWS Mallaby (leader of the allied army), he was killed on the spot.

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Dieng Temple
Velda Azalia K (36/XE)
Dieng temple is a located in Dieng, Banjarnegara, Central Java. Dieng's named come from Sanskrit. Di means high place and Hyang means ancestor or god. Dieng temple has an area 1.9 x 0,8 square kilometers. This temple consists of three groups. All groups of temple are named by figures in puppets like Mahabharata book.
A collection of Hindu Shiva temples that were built in the 8th to 9th centuries. The temple was built by order of the king from Sanjaya dynasty with an inscription found in 808 M. Dieng temple was built in two stages. The first stages in the 7th to 8th centuries. Construction of the temple include, Arjuna temple,Semar temple,Srikandi temple and Gatutkaca temple. The second phase began from 8th century to 780 M.
Dieng temple was found back on 1814. When a british warriors traveled to dieng area. He saw a collection of temples in the puddle of lake water. In 1956 Van Kinsbergen led to dry the lake place where the temples is located. The activity continued by the Dutch Hindia goverment in 1864. Until the research continued by Van Kinsbergen and has made a note and took the pictures.

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Jakarta Kota Railway Station (Ariska Faiza/XE/11)

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Jakarta Kota Railway Station (Ariska Faiza/XE/11)

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Jakarta Kota Station is a terminal train station, located in the old city core of Jakarta City (Pinangsia, Taman Sari, West Jakarta). The station was named Batavia Zuid or South Batavia untill the beginning of teh 20th century. The station was also populary known as the Beos Stasiun as Batavian Eastern Railway Company. Jakarta Kota station serves as a main station.

Jakata Kota Station was the first station built in 1887. It was built by the Bataviasche Oosterspoorweg Maatschapij (BOS), a private railway company. It was named South Batavia to distiungish it from older North Station. Which was located a small distance to the north.

The southern BOS was closed in 1923, and rebuilt between 1926 and 1929. The station building was designed in 1927-1928. The design by the architects from AIA, the architectures company in Batavia. The main building was designed with 12 railway tracks.

the new building officially opened on 8 October 1929. The new station was nicknamed BEOS after the previous station owners, the BOS. Officially named station Batavia Stad ("Batavia City station"), it is located at the Stationsplein (Jalan Stasiun Kota Barat).The station was appointed a historical and cultural landmark status in 1993.

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Jakarta Kota Station ( Indonesian: Stasiun Jakarta Kota, station code: JAKK) is a terminal train station, located in the old city core of Kota, Jakarta, Java, Indonesia.

The station was named Batavia Zuid (or South Batavia) until the beginning of the 20th century. The station was also popularly known as the Beos Station as an abbreviation of Bataviasche Ooster Spoorweg Maatschapij (the Batavian Eastern Railway Company).

Jakarta Kota Station serves as a main station, along with Gambir Station, Jatinegara Station, and Pasar Senen Station, for several intercity train (Argo Train) lines across Java Island. This station also serves three of the six KRL Jabotabek train lines, which operate in the Jakarta metropolitan area.

The first station was built in 1887 by the Bataviasche Oosterspoorweg Maatschapij ( BOS), a private railway company. The station was named Batavia Zuid ( South Batavia) to distinguish it from the older Batavia Noord ( North Batavia) station (owned by the Nederlandsch-Indische Spoorweg Maatschappij, another private railway company), which was situated a small distance to the north, directly behind the former city hall. The public railway company Staatsspoorwegen acquired both the southern and northern station in 1898 and 1913 respectively.

The southern BOS station was closed in 1923, and was rebuilt between 1926 and 1929, during which all rail services were temporarily taken over by the Batavia North station. The station building was designed in 1927-1928 by the architects Asselbergs, Ghijsels and Hes from the architectural company Algemeen Ingenieurs-en Architectenbureau (AIA) in Batavia. During construction in 1928-1929 concrete from the Hollandsche Beton Maatschappij ("Dutch Concrete Company") was used. The main building was the designed with 12 railway tracks, designated to connect Batavia with Buitenzorg, the port of Tandjoeng Priok, and the port of Merak near the Sunda Strait with a ferry connecting Western Java with Southern Sumatra. The new and current building was officially opened on 8 October 1929 with a private ceremony by the company staff. All rail services to the old city were then reassigned to the new southern station, while the remaining northern station was demolished.

The new station was nicknamed BEOS after the previous station owners, the BOS. Officially named station Batavia Stad ("Batavia City station"), it is located at the Stationsplein ("Station square") in Batavia Benedenstad ("Downtown Batavia"), nowadays Jalan Stasiun Kota Barat. The station was appointed a historical and cultural landmark status in 1993.[citation needed ]

The design of the station by the Dutch architect Frans Johan Louwrens Ghijsels (born 8 September 1882) is a combination of Western Art Deco and local architecture styles.

Jakarta Kota Station is a two-storey station surrounded by streets on three sides with one main entrance and two side entrances. The main entrance and hall are characterized by a barrel vault roof with openings horizontally composed with the top dominated by vertical units (lunettes).

The inside wall of the hall is finished with rough-textured brown ceramic and the outside wall at the bottom of the whole building was covered with green-yellowish plaster. The station floor uses yellow teak and grey wood, and for the platform floor yellow waffle teakwood is used. Jakarta Kota station has six platforms serving 12 tracks. The platforms are sheltered by canopies supported by steel columns.

Both regional intercity trains and local commuter trains start from this station:

Media related to Jakarta Kota Station at Wikimedia Commons

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Jakarta Kota Station ( Indonesian: Stasiun Jakarta Kota, station code: JAKK) is a terminal train station, located in the old city core of Kota, Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. The station was named Batavia Zuid (or South Batavia) until the beginning of the 20th century.

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Hana Anggita XE/15
The name of Wonosobo came from sanskrit word, Vanasabha which means a gathering place in the jungle. That’s an interesting name and Javanese turn the word Vanasabha into Wanasaba surely with the same meaning but in Javanese word. Wonosobo long time ago known as a jungle which located in Dieng Plateau and the old people of wonosobo came to build a settlement there. Mountains and hills are the main characteristic of Dieng Plateau as well as Wonosobo since it is located about 1000m above the sea level. This land contour simply ideal for farming and large plantation area such as tea plantation, potato farm and carica farm.

Since July, 24th,1825 Wonosobo officially became a regency of Sultanate Jogjakarta. After Diponegoro War era, Wonosobo grows into a promising town which led by a regent Kyai. Moh. Ngampah or also known as KRT Setjonegoro (a noble title from Sultanate Jogjakarta). Supported by powerful kingdom (at that time) and blessed with amazing environment points such as fertile soil and main river (Sedayu River), people of Wonosobo lives with peace and harmony with the mother nature.

During Indonesian Revolution, Wonosobo which connected to major cities in Central Java such as Semarang, Purwokerto and Jogjakarta became an ideal checkpoint for Indonesian guerilla soldiers before they joined a fierce battle in Ambarawa. Today this city became a favorite tourist destination in Central Java and let’s see what Wonosobo could offer for worldwide travelers.

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Aisyah Lathifunnisa'
4E / 04

"Jogja Kembali" is the name of a monument in the city of Yogyakarta. This monument, which is familiarly referred to as "monjali", has indeed become one of the historical tourism objects among the many historical attractions in Jogja which are quite crowded. Especially on holidays. Of course, if we have ever entered MONJALI, there must be a diorama depicting independence. And there are also unique lanterns and various sizes. To find out how the history of the Jogja monument back, it helps us see the explanation below.

In 1985 precisely on June 29 a new monument was built in Yogyakarta. Jogja monument returned or often also called Yogya was rebuilt as a form of historical remembrance of the withdrawal of Dutch troops from Yogyakarta on June 29, 1949 so that the territory of Yogyakarta is back in the lap of the Republic of Indonesia. The name Yogya Back was chosen with the intention of being a tetenger (reminder) of the historical event of the withdrawal of the Dutch occupation army from the Indonesian capital of Yogyakarta at that time, June 29, 1949. This was an early sign of the liberation of the Indonesian people from Dutch rule. In other words the Yogya Monument was rebuilt to remember the history of Indonesia's struggle to maintain independence.
The groundbreaking ceremony in the construction of the jogja monument was again conducted by the 9th Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwana along with the 8th Sri Paku Alam. Please note that the forerunner of the establishment of this monument is an idea issued by Col. Sugiarto who at that time served as Mayor of D.I.Yogyakarta exactly 2 years before the re-establishment of the Jogja monument.

The construction of this monument is done by taking into account several important factors. The focal point of this building is a point that imaginably connects several important points in Yogyakarta, namely Kraton Jogja, Tugu Yogyakarta, Mount Merapi, Parang Tritis and also the Krapyak Stage. Where in Yogyakarta Palace has a collection of palace relics such as gamelan, weapons and so on. Then the Yogyakarta Monument as a depiction of the fighting spirit and unity to fight the invaders. Then Mount Merapi as a famous active volcano in Indonesia, and Panggungg Krapyak and Parangtritis as an icon of Pantai Indah with the mystery of the Queen yi Roro Kidul. This point itself is called the Great Axis of Life and the marker of this imaginary point itself is located on the 3rd floor of the building of this monument.

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Akmalia Ienas Najwa/4E/5

VREDEBURG FORMED MUSEUM YOGYAKARTA

A brief History
The fort was first built in 1760 by Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono I at the request of the Dutch who at that time the Governor of the North Coast Director of Java was led by Nicolaas Harting. The purpose of building the fort was built on the pretext of maintaining the security of the palace and its surroundings, but behind that the real intention of the Netherlands was to facilitate and control all developments that occurred within the palace. The fort was first built the situation is still very simple, the walls are only of soil reinforced with supporting poles of coconut and palm trees, and the building inside consists of bamboo and wood with only thatch roof, built in a square shape, which is in the four corners made a place of guard called seleka or bastion. By the Sultan, the four corners were named Jaya Wisesa (northwest corner), Jaya Purusa (northeast corner), Jaya Prakosaningprang (southwest corner), and Jaya Prayitna (southeast corner).

Then in the next period, the Governor of the Netherlands, led by W.H. van Ossenberg proposed that the fortress be built more permanently to better guarantee security. Then in 1767, the construction of the fort began under the supervision of a Dutch construction expert named Ir. Frans Haak and the new construction was completed in 1787, this is because Sultan HB I was busy with the construction of the palace. After the construction of the fort was completed then it was given the name 'Rustenberg' which meant a resting fortress. In 1867 in Yogyakarta a devastating earthquake occurred that resulted in damage to some of the fort's buildings. After repairs were made, the name of the fort was changed to 'Vredeburg' (fortress of peace). This is a manifestation of the relationship between the Netherlands and the palace which did not attack each other.

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NAME : SAFIRA KARIMAH AULIA  4E / IPS II (31)  Bendungan Pintu Air Sepuluh Tangerang is the popular name of Pasar Baru Dam, Cisadane Irrigation or Sangego Dam, located in Koang Jaya Village, Karawaci District, Tangerang. To reach it, I crossed the bridge across the Cisadane River and turned right. The dam is in the right corner of the road which turns to the left. This dam was built in 1928 and started to operate in 1928 and began to operate in 1932 during the Dutch colonial period. The dam was able to irrigate +/- 1,500 Ha of rice fields in the city and tangerang districts. This dam is better known as "dam" water ten "or" sangego ".   Cisadane River is one of the main rivers that flow through Banten Province and West Java Province. The river stretches for about 80 Km. The water source of the Cisadane River starts from Mount Salak - Pangrango in Bogor Regency, and flows to its mouth in the Java Sea. In accordance with its popular nickname, Bendungan Pintu Air Sepuluh Tangerang has ten sluice gates, each 10 meters wide. It is said that the Dutch government had to bring in workers from the city of Cirebon when building this weir. It could be because at the same time there are many projects that are being worked on, so the number of workers in the vicinity of the location is no longer sufficient.   The function of the building as a dam, the core of the building is to regulate the flow of water in the cisadane river. The building has 10 sluice gates of 11 steel poles, construction made of reinforced concrete, on the north and south sides of the building there is a railroad used to distribute replacement flood gates if a sluice is damagedBendung Pintu Ten is easily visited using a private vehicle. From Jakarta, please follow the route to Tangerang via Prof. Toll Road Sedyatmo. After exiting the toll road, turn left onto Jalan Marshal Suryadarma and then enter Jalan Dr. Sitanala. From there you will arrive at Jalan Jembatan Baru. From the bridge turn right onto Jalan Sangego Raya. The Dutch dam you are headed to looks magnificent from the road.Address:Sangego Highway Ex. Koang Jaya Kec. Karawaci, Tangerang City.

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NAME : SAFIRA KARIMAH AULIA  4E / IPS II (31)  Bendungan Pintu Air Sepuluh Tangerang is the popular name of Pasar Baru Dam, Cisadane Irrigation or Sangego Dam, located in Koang Jaya Village, Karawaci District, Tangerang. To reach it, I crossed the bridge across the Cisadane River and turned right. The dam is in the right corner of the road which turns to the left. This dam was built in 1928 and started to operate in 1928 and began to operate in 1932 during the Dutch colonial period. The dam was able to irrigate +/- 1,500 Ha of rice fields in the city and tangerang districts. This dam is better known as "dam" water ten "or" sangego ".   Cisadane River is one of the main rivers that flow through Banten Province and West Java Province. The river stretches for about 80 Km. The water source of the Cisadane River starts from Mount Salak - Pangrango in Bogor Regency, and flows to its mouth in the Java Sea. In accordance with its popular nickname, Bendungan Pintu Air Sepuluh Tangerang has ten sluice gates, each 10 meters wide. It is said that the Dutch government had to bring in workers from the city of Cirebon when building this weir. It could be because at the same time there are many projects that are being worked on, so the number of workers in the vicinity of the location is no longer sufficient.   The function of the building as a dam, the core of the building is to regulate the flow of water in the cisadane river. The building has 10 sluice gates of 11 steel poles, construction made of reinforced concrete, on the north and south sides of the building there is a railroad used to distribute replacement flood gates if a sluice is damagedBendung Pintu Ten is easily visited using a private vehicle. From Jakarta, please follow the route to Tangerang via Prof. Toll Road Sedyatmo. After exiting the toll road, turn left onto Jalan Marshal Suryadarma and then enter Jalan Dr. Sitanala. From there you will arrive at Jalan Jembatan Baru. From the bridge turn right onto Jalan Sangego Raya. The Dutch dam you are headed to looks magnificent from the road.Address:Sangego Highway Ex. Koang Jaya Kec. Karawaci, Tangerang City.

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Asal-usul Bendungan Pintu Air Sepuluh Kota Tangerang ~ Tangerang Area
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Bendungan Pintu Air Sepuluh-tangerang - Google Search

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Ghefira Oprilia/14/XE

Benteng Pendem Cilacap (Dutch: Kustbatterij op de Landtong te Cilacap), is a Dutch fort on the coast of the Penyu Bay in Cilacap district, Central Java, which was built in 1861. This building is a former Dutch East Indies army base which was built in an area of ​​6 , 5 hectares in stages over a period of 18 years, from 1861 to 1879. The fortress of Pendem was once covered by coastal land and neglected. The fort was later discovered and began to be excavated by the Cilacap government in 1986. Currently, the Cilacap Regency government has made this fort as a historical tourist attraction.
Benteng Pendem was formerly the headquarters of the Dutch army in Cilacap, Central Java, which was designed by a Dutch architect. This fort was functioned to withstand attacks that came from the sea along with Karang Bolong Fortress, Klingker Fortress, and Cepiring Fortress. Fort Pendem was used until 1942. When the war against Japanese troops, the fort was successfully occupied by Japan. In 1945, Japan left this fortress because the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki were bombed by allies; so this fort was taken over by the TNI Banteng Loreng Kesatuan Central Java. In the control of the TNI, this fort was used by freedom fighters to practice war and sea landing.

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Nasywa Syifa A/XE/27

The founding of the Surabaya Heroes Monument was spearheaded by a historical event that took place on 10 November 1945. The Netherlands, which did not recognize Indonesia's sovereignty as an independent nation, had raised the Dutch flag at the Yamato Hotel. However, there were some Indonesian youths going up to the hotel and tearing the blue flag of the Dutch flag.

After the incident, it was followed by mounting clashes between the people of Indonesia and Britain due to a misunderstanding that resulted in the killing of General AWS Mallaby. The British were finally angry with the people of Indonesia so Major General Eric Carden Mansergh issued an ultimatum on November 10, 1945. Its contents were so that the Indonesian people would surrender their weapons and themselves with both hands above. Indonesian people feel their pride has been trampled because of the ultimatum. They also refused on the grounds that the Republic of Indonesia had stood alone.

Because of the rejection, then on November 10, 1945, Britain carried out a large-scale attack. He mobilized around 30,000 infantry in the form of tanks, warships, airplanes and bombarded the city of Surabaya with cannons from land and air. Meanwhile, the Surabaya arek-arek fight them only with sharp bamboo weapons. The Indonesian people remained enthusiastic against them until finally many victims fell. To commemorate civilians and fighters who have been victims of the incident, November 10 has been designated a hero day. So, that is the connection of the Heroes Monument with the struggle of the Indonesian people.

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After the announcement of the Indonesian government's announcement on August 31, 1945 which stipulated that starting on September 1, 1945 the national flag of the Saka Merah Putih continued to be hoisted throughout Indonesia, the flag-raising movement was increasingly extended to all corners of the city of Surabaya. The climax of the flag-raising movement in Surabaya occurred during the flag tear incident at the Yamato Hoteru / Yamato Hotel (called the Oranje Hotel or the Orange Hotel in colonial times, now called the Majapahit Hotel) on Jl. Tunjungan no. 65 Surabaya.
A group of Dutch people under the leadership of Mr. W.V.Ch. Ploegman on the afternoon of 18 September 1945, at exactly 21:00, waved the Dutch flag (Red-White-Blue), without the approval of the Surabaya Regional Government of Surabaya, at the pole at the top level of the Yamato Hotel, on the north side. The next day the Surabaya youths saw him and became angry because they thought the Dutch had insulted Indonesian sovereignty, wanted to restore power back to Indonesia, and insulted the red-and-white flag-raising movement that was taking place in Surabaya.
Shortly after the mass gathering at the Yamato Hotel, Resident Sudirman, fighters and diplomats who were then serving as Deputy Resident (Fuku Syuco Gunseikan) who were still recognized by the Dai Nippon Surabaya Syu government, as well as the Surabaya Regional Resident of the Indonesian Government, came through the crowd and entered to the Yamato hotel escorted by Sidik and Hariyono. As a representative of RI he negotiated with Mr. Ploegman and his friends and requested that the Dutch flag be taken down from the Yamato Hotel building. In these negotiations Ploegman refused to lower the Dutch flag and refused to recognize Indonesian sovereignty. The negotiations were heated up, Ploegman pulled out a gun, and there was a fight in the negotiating room.
Ploegman was strangled by Sidik, who was later killed by Dutch soldiers who were on guard and heard the Ploegman gun explosion, while Sudirman and Hariyono escaped outside the Yamato Hotel. Some young people scrambled up to the hotel to lower the Dutch flag. Hariyono, who was originally with Sudirman returned to the hotel and was involved in climbing the flagpole and together with Koesno Wibowo managed to lower the Dutch flag, tore the blue part, and hoisted it to the top of the flagpole again as the Red and White flag.

After the incident at the Yamato Hotel, on 27 October 1945 the first battle between Indonesia and the British army erupted. These small attacks later turned into general attacks which claimed many lives on both sides of Indonesia and Britain, before finally General D.C. Hawthorn asked President Sukarno to help with the situation.

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Selarong Cave was became the main headquarters of Prince Diponegoro during the resistance against the Dutch colonial immoral order. This cave for the prince is the key: set the strategy and also accept "destiny" in his meditation as a leader in the Land of Java.

Selarong Cave is located in Bantul Regency, precisely in Kembangputihan Hamlet, Pajangan, Bantul, Jogja.

On July 21, 1825, Dutch troops led by assistant resident Chevallier surrounded the house of Prince Diponegoro in Tegalrejo to capture Prince Diponegoro. However, Prince Diponegoro was managed to escape and headed to Selarong. the place has become the headquarters

in Selarong several battalions have been formed led by Ing Ngabei Joyokusumo, Prince Prabu Wiromenggolo, and Sentot Prawirodirjo with different clothing and attributes. Throughout July 1825 almost all suburbs were occupied by Diponegoro troops.

On August 7, 1825 Diponegoro forces with a strength of around 6,000 people had invaded the State of Yogyakarta and succeeded in mastering it.

General De Kock, among others, has written a letter to Prince Diponegoro, which invites Prince Diponegoro to make peace. But the invitation to negotiate has been firmly rejected by Prince Diponegoro. With this refusal, General De Kock ordered the invasion of Selarong. However, when the Dutch troops arrived at Selarong, the village was deserted because Prince Diponegoro's troops had scattered in various directions.

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Muna Putri Lutfiyah /XE 25
Liyangan Site
- there is no certainty as to when a temple in a rice grove in purbasari village, ngadirejo sub-district, central Java, has been established. So did the period of civilization then inhabited by people, a place now known as the Liyangan site.
- But based on the experimental study team for limbinon archaeological site at yogyakarta from 2010 to November 2018, his human site and civilization are expected to date back to the 2 M century and end in 11 M
-  From the 11th century A.D. when civilization in Liyangan  stops due to the material eruption of mount sindoro closes the area.
-  That talud structure from the boulder that measured 50 feet by 50 feet (15 m) was erected to seal the wooden structure that was in the courtyard. "The jar is from the tang dynasty, from China that signifies the ix A.D. It was the era of old mataram, "says sugeng. That time was marked by Hindu buddhist faith. Approximate times can also be seen from phases of the held community that influence the temples. There are three phases seen in the temple.
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The first phase is the pre-hindu phase, where people still worship the spirits of ancestors. That phase is characterized by the discovery of megalithic structures forming terraces or stepped punden. This time, the 2-5th century A.D., had not been influenced by Hindu civilization. The main terrace is a holy place of worship. On the terrace are the main temple, four small batur and one large stone. The terraces and their boulder innocence, simple, with no engravings, no stone paneling. "This phase, the body and roof of wooden buildings worship. His stone grooving stone, "says Sugeng. The second phase was at the third terrace veneration site. Temple council buildings were made of stone, but covered with organic material. The boulder stones that composetemples are also innocent. The second phase is expected to enter the transitional period of the A.D. 6-7. The third phase was the era of the ancient mataram civilization of the 9th century A.D. This phase, the shrine was on the fourth terrace, the location of a temple for baths. The stones that make up the temple bodies are already stone blocks and are equipped with reliefs.

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Marsya sania/24

History of Fatahillah Museum
In 1937, the Batavia Oud Foundation requested a plan to establish a museum about the history of Batavia. The foundation then bought a company warehouse. Geo Wehry & Co which is located in the east. North Big Door No. 27 (now the Puppet Museum) and rebuilt as the Oud Batavia Museum. The Old Batavia Museum was opened to the public in 1939. During the independence period the museum was changed to the Old Djakarta Museum under the auspices of the IFI (Indonesian Cultural Institute).
The Governor of DKI Jakarta at the time, Ali Sadikin, then inaugurated this building as the Jakarta History Museum on March 30, 1974. When you enter the Fatahillah Museum the most interesting thing there is the Underground Prison. Very small Underground Prison. the distance between the roof and the wall, which is more than one meter high, is a clear proof of the oppression that was popular among the people of Jakarta in the past. In this fight included handcuffs accompanied by stones as ballast. Formerly, the prison was used as a shelter for prisoners, criminals, and community leaders who defied the Dutch government.
During the Dutch administration, many women were raped. For those who have committed adultery, they receive a sentence in the form of death. The execution was carried out in Galgenveld or Tianganger Square, which is now a white-colored museum courtyard. The place was made a place of execution. generally cases of adultery at the inception of the City of Jakarta. Many of those convicted were women.

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Abidah Kiraami/01/XE
Located on Jl. Permata Raya Dukuh, Tegal Mulyo, Pabelan - Kartasura - Sukoharjo, located 10 km from the city center solo. The Heritage Palace is actually a genuine sugar factory. The Gembongan sugar factory in Kartasura Subdistrict, Sukoharjo Regency was turned into a tourist destination called The Heritage Palace. This tour was inaugurated on June 9, 2018
The outdoor area has a view of the European style, which is
an old sugar factory building that was built in 1920 ago. Here it appears that the sugar factory is 'face' not modified or repainted so that the classic feel is felt. Tall poles with glass and a slightly peeling wall as if carrying you down a time tunnel. Do not forget there are parks that are made with funny
photo spots such as swing spots, bicycles, lights and park benches.
In the front there is an antique car, one of them is a Dodge car made in 1948 that was once used by Ir. Soekarno, there is also a Chevrolet Bel AIR USA output in 1955, a Dodge Power fire engine in 1963 and a Jeep Willys USA in 1943.Inside the museum there are various interesting rides. There are various kinds of rides that you can visit there, call it the 3D Trick Art & Omah Walik Museum, Transportation Museum, Industrial Museum, Garden Retro Paradise, Convention Hall, as well as Kids Town & Food Street. For tickets to enter the outdoor area the ticket is only 25 thousand rupiah only. The entrance ticket to the indoor area (transportation museum, 3D museum, and omah kwalik) costs 45 thousand (Monday-Friday) and 55 thousand on weekends. Ticket prices canal 55 thousand (Monday-Friday) while on weekends 65 thousand. Opening hours start at 09.00-18.00 WIB.

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SYAMILA AULANISA/34/XE

A small town under the Sindoro-Sumbing valley in Temanggung, the town of Parakan. Witnessed the formation of the Temanggung Muslim Front. Rows of fighters who played a role in the war against the Dutch in Magelang and Ambarawa. Starting from the meeting of the Kyai in the Parakan Kawedanan Hall, this is the forerunner to the formation of the Bamboo Runcing Line "Temanggung Muslim Front”. The meeting was attended by Ulama leaders. like K.H. Subchi, Kyai Mandhur, Kyai Ali, Kyai Sumogunardho, KH Abu Amar, Kyai Ridwan, Kyai Sya'ban, Kyai Salim and Kyai Sahid Baidhowi. There were also other figures present. The Temanggung Regent, Sutikwo, Wedono Parakan Sastrodiprojo, and Parakan District Head Mangunredjo.

The role of Temanggung students in the struggle for independence began with the struggle of Pangeran Diponegoro. When Pangeran Diponegoro's struggle was defeated by the Dutch, many followers of Pangeran Diponegoro escaped. One of them is by merging in ‘pesantren’ by teaching the students in Central Java, one of them is the Temanggung area. The Temanggung students then joined the BKR in the struggle against the invaders. The beginning of the mention of bamboo runcing troops is from the custom of gilding bamboo runcing weapons by fighters. The process of gilding by giving prayers by the kiayi is the forerunner of the pointy bamboo troops.

The bamboo spears are a combination of various troops from other regions.Then after the gathering of various bamboo spears from various other regions. The Parakan kiayi started the meeting in the Parakan Kawedanan Hall. After the formation of the Temanggung Muslim Front, the struggle became organized. And the struggle of the Temanggung Muslim Front began in the war against Dutch Magelang and the Battle of Ambarawa. The Battle of Ambawara which made him to be the Anniversary of the Army or Kartika Juang Day.

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Rafidah Syahputri / X E / 30
Kednthe tsunami wave hit the northern coast of Banda Aceh in December 2004 the last one still leaves behind a trail of monuments.A monuments that serves as a warning to anyone against the might of nature one is a PLTD monument floating in the village of punge, blancut, banda aceh.As its name suggests,this ship is a source of istrics for ulee territory this ship had been tethered before the tsunami.This 63 meter long vessel can power a size of 10.5 megawatts.With an area of 1,900 square meters and a weight of 2,600 tons,no one imagined this ship could move up to the middle of downtown banda aceh when the tsunami hit on december 26,2004,imi's ship was hit by a 9 high tide meters thus shifted to the heart of banda aceh for 5 kilometers,the ship was slammed to such a degree into the midst ofresidential areas not far from the tsunami museum.of the 11 crew members and residents aboard the shi during the tsunami,only one survived.this ship's shifting phenomenon demonstrated...sheer force thewaves that struck the ancient colonnades currently,the area floating PLTDs has been purchased by the government to be reorganized as an educationa; tour.to commemorte the tsunami deaths, a memorial monument was buil.on the monument is the date andtime of the tragedy which befell several countries otherthan indonesia.surrounding the monument,a wall was constructed carved witha relief resembling a flood wave.from the top of the boat,visitors can also see mountain ranges lining multiple ranges.

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Wondeful of Kaliurang

Allisa Kusuma/XE/07

Kaliurang is a small town about 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of the city of Yogyakarta on the southern slopes of Mount Merapo volcano in central Java in Indonesia.
Kaliurang is a resort town, popular as a weekend destination for visitors from Yogyakarta. Attractions include the cool air, views, and an extensive forested park with trails. The town charges a small admission fee to visitors, paid at a booth on the busy main road from Yogyakarta.

The town was the location of negotiations during the fighting between the Dutch and Indonesians in the 1940s, when the houses and holiday homes owned by the Sultanate of Yogyakarta were used.
Kaliurang has been an important base for vulcanologist in their monitoring of eruptions of Merapi, especially when the southern slopes of the volcano become active.

One favorite destination in the province of Yogya is Kaliurang — a hill resort on the slopes of Mount Merapi Vulcano, that offers a perfect cool climate for your getaway. Originally built as a holiday retreat for Dutch planters during colonial times, Kaliurang is located just around 25 kilometers north of the city center of Yogya.

This area has many holiday villas and has grown into a refreshing site, popular with visitors of all ages. Here one can enjoy nature by trekking, dip into cool waterfalls, visit museums, get spiritually inspired or wander through galleries relating to the history and heritage of Java's royal houses.

The town was heavily affected by the latest eruption of Mt. Merapi some years back, but has fortunately since recovered from its aftermath, even adding more tourism magnets, some of which are listed below:

1. Marvel at Javanese Royal Heritage at Ullen Sentalu Museum

Photo source : www.topindonesiaholidays.com

This is everybody's highlight for a visit to Kaliurang: the Ullen Sentalu, a private museum initiated by the Haryono family and managed by Ulating Blencong Foundation that showcases images and information about prominent personalities in Java's royal lineage. Inaugurated on March 1, 1997 the Museum displays artifacts from royal houses and keratons (palaces)of Java descending from the Mataram kingdom, namely Yogyakarta, Pakualaman, Surakarta, and Mangkunegaran.

The museum is located near the Ngeksigondo resthouse owned by the Palace. This particular location was chosen for the Museum following Javanese belief that regards Mount Merapi as a sacred place.

The name Ullen Sentalu is an acronym for "Ulating Blencong Sejatine Tataning Lumaku" which means "the light of life's journey".Visitors are not allowed to take photographs here during the guided tour, but you will be given the chance for photo shots in certain areas only. This way, you can focus more on the interesting story,guided through each room and the collections exhibited.

Address: Jalan Boyong KM 25, Kaliurang Barat, Hargobinangun, Sleman, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta 55582

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Violeta oryza s/ XE/ 37
Tamansari meant beautiful garden. Originally a park or estate for keraton yogyakarta. The complex was built gradually during time of Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono I. Construction began in 1758 M.  And completed important parts of the building complex in 1765 M. Inscriptions are found on every wall of the building.
Tamansari has over 10 acres with 57 buildings in it. It has been called water casteel because of the pools and elements of water that surround it. It is also called The Fragrant Garden because fragrant trees and flowers are grown in the gardens around the building. Tamansari's design is based on the idea of sri sultan haku buwono I. As for the technical pictured by a Portuguese national coming from a sulawesi region called demang tegis. As for the lead built project tamansari was held by the Tuangung Mangundipuro which was then replaced by Prince Notokusumo.
Tamansari was founded on a waterhole known as umbul pacethokan. On the tamansari compound are two manufactured lakes. This lake is called segaran. One is on the east side with an artificial island in the middle called Pulo Gedhong, and one was on the west side with an artificial island in the middle called Pulo Kknanga. These two Segaran are connected by a channel that cuts through the narrow channels of Magangan and the Kamandhungan Kidul. And lush fruit-bearing gardens flank the canal.

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Salsabila Ula Usman/33/XE

Kauman Gedhe Mosque is the oldest mosque in Indonesia. The construction of the mosque was initiated by Sri Sultan Hamenku Buwono I and Kyai Fakih Ibrahim Diponingrat, who was the 1st Head of the Church. Kauman Gedhe Mosque was built on May 29, 1773. Initially it was built as a means of worship for the royal family and its people for the completeness of an Islamic kingdom.

According to one of the administrators or takmir of the Gedhe Kauman mosque, there are at least three important events that witnessed history. The first was when KH Ahmad Dahlan served as a Keraton scholar, he succeeded in correcting or correcting the direction of the Qibla which had a tilt of 23 degrees. Second, during the struggle for Indonesian independence, this place was often used by the Indonesian People's Army together with the Sabil warriors of Asykar to formulate a strategy of attack against Dutch aggression.

"Thirdly, this mosque also plays a role as a means of struggle for the force of the 66th generation incorporated in US (Indonesian Student Action Unity), KAPPI (Indonesian Student Youth Action Unity in overthrowing the Old Order and dissolving the Indonesian Communist Party" he explained. Kauman Gedhe Mosque is located in the village of Kauman. whose position is to the west of the north plaza of Yogyakarta.

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Indarrahmani Hasna Afina/21/XE
Everyone know about Borobudur Temple. It location in Magelang, Central Java.
The story of the Borobudur Temple begins with the Shailendra Dynasty (sometimes spelled Syailendra). This ruling family concentrated their power in central Java in the 8th century CE, and grew to control all of Java and parts of Sumatra. Some scholars think that the Shailendra came to Indonesia from India, while others think they were native to the island. Regardless, they clearly had some cultural connections to India and were major proponents of Mahayana Buddhism, which they actively spread across Indonesia. Their biggest achievement was the Borobudur Temple, which was built over roughly 1,200 years from the 8th through 9th centuries. What they accomplished was an engineering marvel for the time; the 95-foot tall step pyramid is made of locally sourced stone set without mortar.

For centuries, Borobudur was a major pilgrimage site, attracting the faithful from as far away as India and China. It seems to have been very popular, but then was inexplicably abandoned in the 15th century. We don't know why Borobudur was left to be reclaimed by the jungle, but it remained lost for roughly 400 years before the colonial governor of British Java decided to have it excavated.

The excavations freed Borobudur from the jungle, but also left it open to looters. Finally, in the 1960s a massive campaign was launched by the Indonesian government and UNESCO to save and restore the site. Statues were taken out of private collections, stones were returned, and piece-by-piece Borobudur was cleaned, rebuilt, and reopened to the public. It is currently a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a stunning example of Indonesian architecture, but it has also reclaimed its role as a Buddhist pilgrimage site.

Borobudur still used to pray for Buddha people, but everyone can go there, although they are not Buddhist.

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Nur Izzaturrahmah XE/29
Kota Tua is a remainder of Old Batavia, the first walled settlement of the Dutch in Jakarta area. It was an inner walled city with its own Castle. The area gained importance during the 17th-19th century when it was established as the de facto capital of the Dutch East Indies. This inner walled city contrasted with the surrounding kampung (villages), orchards, and rice fields. Dubbed "The Jewel of Asia" in the 16th century by European sailors, the area was a center of commerce due to its strategic location within the spice trade industry in the archipelago.
In 1526, Fatahillah, sent by Sultanate of Demak, invaded the Hindu Pajajaran's port of Sunda Kelapa, after which he renamed it into Jayakarta. This town was only 15 hectare in size and had a typical Javanese harbor layout. In 1619 the VOC destroyed Jayakarta under the command of Jan Pieterszoon Coen. A year later the VOC built a new town named "Batavia" after the Batavieren, the Dutch ancestors from antiquity. This city was centered around the east bank of the Ciliwung river, around present day Fatahillah Square. Inhabitants of Batavia are called "Batavianen", later known as "Betawi" people. The creole citizens are descendants of mixed various ethnicities that had inhabited Batavia.
Around 1630 the city expanded towards the west banks of Ciliwung, on the ruins of former Jayakarta. The city was designed according to Dutch urban planning, complete with a fortress (Kasteel Batavia), city wall, public square, churches, canals and tree-lined streets. The city was arranged in several blocks separated by canals. No native Javanese were allowed to live within the city walls, since the authorities were afraid that they might start an insurrection.[3] The planned city of Batavia was completed in 1650. It became the headquarters of the VOC in the East Indies and prospered from the spice trade.

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Ananda Aina S / 08 /XE

Jawi Temple is one of the Buddhist relics and Singasari Kingdom relics.
In the Negarakertagama book by Empu Prapanca, this temple is called Jawajawa or Jajawi. From Jajawi, the name later changed to Jawi. In the poem Negarakertagama book 56 it is stated that Jawi Temple was established by order of the last king of the Singasari Kingdom, namely Kertanegara. Jawi Temple was built in the 13th century and is a historical heritage of the Kingdom of Singasari. The establishment of the Jawi Temple aims to serve as a place of worship for Shiva-Buddhist religious people. Raja Kertanegara is a follower of the Shiva-Buddhist teachings.

Aside from being a place of worship, Jawi Temple is also a storage place for Kertanegara's ashes and some of the ash is also stored in Singasari Temple. This is quite surprising, because the location of Jawi Temple is quite far from the center of Singasari Kingdom. It is suspected that this was caused by the people in this area being very loyal to the king and many who followed the Shiva-Buddhist teachings. Even though Kertanegara is known as a famous king, he also has many enemies in the country. Kidung Panji Wijayakrama, for example, mentions the Kelana Bayangkara rebellion. In addition, Negarakertagama noted the Cayaraja uprising.

There are allegations that the Jawi Temple area was used as a base by Kertanegara supporters. This assumption is based on the fact that when Raden Wijaya who was the son-in-law of King Kertanegara, escaped after Kertanegara was dropped by Raja Jayakatwang from Gelang-Gelang (one of the areas in Kediri), he had hid in this area, before finally fleeing to Madura.

Negarakertagama says that in 1253 Saka (candrasengkala: Fire Archery Day) Jawi Temple was struck by lightning. In that incident the statue of Maha Aksobaya disappeared. The loss of the statue had made King Hayam Wuruk sad when the king visited Jawi Temple.

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The history of the of the yogyakarta palace

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The history of the of the yogyakarta palace

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Isna Sasyalia/22/XE

Yogyakarta Palace  was  established by Sultan Hamengku Buwono i a few months after the Giyanti Agreement in 1755. The location of this palace is said to be a former pesanggarahan [2] named Garjitawi.This pesanggarahan is used to break the procession of the bodies of the kings of  Mataram (Kartasura and Surakarta) who will be buried in Imogiri.Another version mentions the location of the palace is a spring, Umbul Pacethokan, which is in the middle of the Beringan forest. Before occupying the Yogyakarta Palace,Sultan Hmengku Buwono I settled in Pesanggarahan Ambar Ketawang which now belongs to the Gamping District of Sleman Regancy  [3]. Physically the palace of the Sultan of Yogyakarta has seven core complexes namely Siti Hinggil ler (North Hall),Kamandhungan Ler (North Kamandhungan,Sri Manganti,Kedhaton,Kamagang,Kamandgungan Kidul(South Kmanadhungan),and Siti Hinggil Kidul(South Balairung). In addition,Yogyakarta Palace has a variety of cultural heritage in the form of ceremonies as well as ancient and historic objects. On the other hand,the Yogyakarta Palace is also a traditional institution complete with customary holders.Therefore it is not surprising that philosophical values as well as mythology envelop the Yogyakarta Palace. And for this reason in 1995 the Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Palace Complex was nominated to become on of the UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

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Herta Nasywaa N/XE/20
The History of the Kalasan Temple is one of the historical relics of the Buddhist-Hindu kingdom in Indonesia. Kalasan Temple is part of the Buddhist Heritage Temple. Kalasan Temple, which also has another name, Kalibening Temple, is located in Kalasan Village, Kab. Sleman, Special Region of Yogyakarta. Kalasan Temple is located 16 km east of Yogyakarta City. Although it has a Buddhist style, Kalasan Temple is a temple made with a blend of Buddhist and Hindu royal styles. Kalasan Temple has quite distinctive features like other Buddhist temples in Indonesia, especially those in Central Java or Yogyakarta. This article will discuss in its entirety the history of the construction of the Kalasan Temple along with the uniqueness of the buildings and their reliefs.

At the time of the kingdom at that time, in general the king or other royal authorities built a palace for several purposes, including as a center of work, a place of worship, a place to study and spread religion or even as a residence for monks. The history of the construction of the Kalasan Temple can be found at the Kalasan Inscription which is found not far from that found at the location of the temple. This inscription was written in Saka 700 or 778 AD. Kalasan Prasati was written using Sanskrit and pranagari letters. In this inscription we can learn the beginnings of the construction of the Kalasan Temple from the advice of religious leaders in the era of the Syailendra dynasty.

At that time, religious leaders advised Maharaja Tejapurnama Panangkarana to build a holy place as a means of praising the Goddess Tara and a monastery for Buddhist priests. Maharaja Tejapurnama Panangkarana mentioned in this inscription meant Rakai Panangkaran, who was none other than the son of King Sanjaya from the Hindu Kingdom of Mataram. This is known from the inscriptions of King Balitung in 907 AD. In the history of the ancient Mataram Kingdom, it is known that Rakai Panangkaran eventually became the second King of the Hindu Mataram Kingdom. From the Kalasan inscription we also know that the Kalasan Temple was built from 778 AD.

In the period of 750-850 AD, in the northern part of Central Java was controlled by the king of the Hindu Sanjaya king. Meanwhile, at the same time, the southern region of Central Java was controlled by the kings of the Buddhist Syailendra dynasty. This power difference can be seen from the style of the temple which is located in northern and southern Central Java. Even so, the Sanjaya dynasty and the Syailendra dynasty finally joined through the marriage rope. At that time, Rakai Pikatan, from the sanjaya dynasty, was married to Pramodawardhani, who was the son of Maharaja Samarattungga of the Syailendra dynasty.

Rakai Panangkaran chose the village of Kalasan to be the
location of making a sacred building to worship the Goddess Tara. The village
of Kalasan was also used as a place to build a monastery which at that time was
requested by a Buddhist priest. It is known that the statue of the Tara God
originally stood at the Kalasan Temple, thus making historians to conclude that
the Kalasan Temple is a temple used as a sacred place of the Goddess Tara. Even
so, the statue of Dewi Tara is no longer in the Kalasan Temple. While the place
suspected as a monastery for Buddhist priests is the Sari Temple. Sari Temple
is located not far from the Buddhist Temple.

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ALEEVA NUR FAWZIA.H /XE /O6

The General Offensive March 1, 1949 in Yogyakarta was an important episode in the history of the Indonesian revolution. Starting from the Dutch Military Aggression II, the Dutch succeeded in occupying the city of Yogyakarta, which at that time was the capital of the Republic of Indonesia.

After the city of Yogyakarta was occupied, the Netherlands successively tried to occupy the regencies around the City of Yogyakarta namely Sleman, Bantul, Kulon Progo, and Gunung Kidul.

The situation in the capital city at that time was not very conducive. The situation was compounded by Dutch propaganda in the outside world that the Indonesian army was gone. Sri Sultan Hamengku Buwono IX, who at that time had relinquished his post as King of the Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Palace, sent a letter to Lieutenant General Soedirman asking for permission for the attack.

General Sudirman agreed and asked Sri Sultan HB X to coordinate with Lt. Col. Suharto who was then serving as Commander of the 10th Brigade.

Sri Sultan HB IX held a one-on-one meeting with Lt. Col. Suharto in Ndalem Prabuningratan. The meeting resulted in a decision to hold a General Offensive on March 1, 1949.

On March 1, 1949, a few hours before the general attack took place, many guerrillas began to enter the city of Yogyakarta. At exactly 6:00 in the morning, the siren of the end of the curfew rang. The TNI used it as a sign of the start of a general attack.

Approximately 2,500 TNI guerrilla forces under the leadership of Lieutenant Colonel Soeharto launched a massive attack in the heart of Yogyakarta City.

Guerrilla troops surrounded the city of Yogyakarta from various directions. Major Sardjono led his troops to attack from the south. In the west, guerrilla forces stormed the city of Yogyakarta under the leadership of Lieutenant Colonel Soehoed. While from the north, the guerrilla forces were led by Major Soekasno.

Heavy battles were fought in the streets of Yogyakarta. The General Offensive of 1 March 1949 proved to be effective in defeating the Dutch and regaining Yogyakarta. The Dutch felt surprised and lacked preparation in the face of the attack so that the resistance provided was less significant.

In a short time, the Dutch were pushed back. Military posts abandoned. Several armored vehicles were seized by guerrilla troops.

Indonesian troops managed to conquer Yogyakarta for about 6 hours. At exactly 12.00 noon, Lt. Col. Suharto ordered his troops to vacate the city and return to the guerrilla base as previously planned.

The news of this victory was immediately relayed via PC1 radio in Playen, Gunungkidul, then forwarded to transmitters on Bukit Tinggi, then forwarded by military transmitters in Myanmar to New Delhi (India) and then to the United Nations which was convening in Washington D.C, United States.

The General Offensive of March 1, 1949 had a huge impact on the Indonesian side which was convening at the UN Security Council. This attack is evidence of the existence and strengthened Indonesia's bargaining position in the negotiations at the UN Security Council and opened the eyes of the international community that the TNI was not destroyed as the Dutch heralded. This victory also succeeded in heightening the morale and fighting spirit of the TNI guerrilla forces in other regions.

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Adinda Artyasana 2/XE

Asia Africa in
Bandung street has a very closed connection with the establishment of this
flower city.At the time the governor of Bandung came from Netherlands.His name
is Governor General Herman Willem Daendels.He stucked his stick when he became a governor.Then the incident was immortalized into a Zero Kilometer Bandung Monument.This road was built by Daendels.

This road include a Anyer-Panarukan street.Anyer-Panarukan has a 1000 km long road.While in construction this road took 30.000 lives.Before become the Asia-Afrika road this road was called a Groote Postweg.And this road usually called Jalan Raya Pos.This road was once the center  pf the Deutch City.

Because of the construction of this road was born a Modern City of Bandung.After that was held an Asia-Africa Conference.It was held in Gedung Merdeka  on this street.In the Asia-Africa Conference the name of Jalan Raya Pos then changed into Jalan Asia Afrika. In early 1955 a change occurred with the construction of the historic museum of the Asian-African Conference. Previously in 1895, the museum was named Societeit Concordia.

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Ain Nasyitha/XE/03

Somba Opu was built in 1525 by the Sultan of Gowa IX, Daeng Matanre Karaeng Tumapa'risi' Kallonna. The fort is a port and trading center for spicea that been visited by traders from Asia and Europe. In 1669, the fort was occupied by the VOC then destroyed until submerged by a tidal wave. In the 1980s, the fort was rediscovered by a number of scientists are. And in 1990, the fort was reconstructed so that it looks better. Now, Somba Opu became a historic sights in the city of Makassar in which there are several custom home building representing South Sulawesi tribes: Bugis, Makassar, Mandar, and Toraja.

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Nisrina Najma/28/XE
Panggung Krapyak is a building that is almost 250 years old known as a hunting ground for the kings of the Sultanate of Yogyakarta. Standing in the area that was once known as the Krapyak Forest, where the son of Panembahan Senopati died. The story of the Krapyak region, which is now south of the Sultan's Palace, was a dense forest. Various types of wild animals are found in this forest. Not surprisingly, this area was once used as a hunting ground by the Kings of Mataram. Raden Mas Jolang who had the title Prabu Hanyokrowati, the second king of the Islamic Mataram Kingdom and the son of Panembahan Senopati, was one of the kings who used the Krapyak Forest as a hunting ground.

In 1613, he had an accident in the hunt and finally died here. He was buried in Kotagede and was given the title Panembahan Seda Krapyak (meaning the king who died in the Krapyak Forest). Another king who liked to hunt in the Krapyak Forest was Prince Mangkubumi (Sultan Hamengku Buwono I). The Krapyak Stage was built around 1760. It was he who founded the Krapyak Stage more than 140 years after the death of King Hanyokrowati in this forest.the establishment was carried out during the Dutch colonialism.
Built in the form of a pesegi which has two floors.The Krapyak stage is a historical clue that the Krapyak region was once used as a hunting area.Pangung krapyak is known by Javanese people as the candlestick of the krapyak platform. The Krapyak stage includes buildings located in the imaginary axis of the city of Yogyakarta, connecting Mount Merapi, the Jogja monument, the Yogyakarta Palace, the Krapyak Stage and the South Sea. The Krapyak Stage Axis to the Palace depicts human journey from birth to adulthood. This building is located in the Krapyak village, Panggungharjo Sub-District, Sewon District, Bantul, approximately 1 kilometer south of Yogyakarta Palace.

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Anniswatul Khumaira/09

In 1990, the two pendulum placed on each side of the Ampera bridge had to be lowered. Given the age of the bridge that is getting older it is feared that the pendulum with a weight of 500 tons will fall on residents who pass by. In 1981 the Ampera bridge was renovated due to frequent collisions with coal carriers. The renovation spent around 850 million rupiah. The renovation is intended to avoid damage caused by the collision of coal carriers. If there is a constant collision, it is feared the bridge could collapse.
In 1970, the Ampera Bridge began to be busy with the traffic flow of Palembang people who were indeed carrying out various economic activities. In the middle of the Ampera bridge it can no longer be lifted. This is because the lifting and decreasing time which takes about 30 minutes is considered disturbing the flow of traffic around the upstream and downstream. Thus, the middle part is no longer removed. After Indonesian independence the people in the upstream and downstream areas separated by the Musi river found it difficult to cross. Therefore, transportation is used in the form of a boat or also called a barge to cross the Musi river.
Palembang people ask the President of the Republic of Indonesia Ir. Soekarno to overcome transportation problems in the Musi River region by making a bridge. The proposal was quickly granted by Sukarno. The Ampera Bridge was built in 1962 with experts from Japan at the initiative of President Soekarno at the time. Funds for the bridge construction were taken from the appropriation of 2.5 billion Yen during the Japanese war. Not only that, various construction experts from Japan were also called in for the project. In the middle of the bridge can be lifted because of the ballast pendulum on both sides. The ability to lift a bridge body is estimated to last up to ten years since it was built.
The Ampera Bridge was officially used in 1965 which was inaugurated by Lieutenant General Achmad Yani on September 30 of that year. The bridge was later named the Bung Karno bridge. However, after a political problem in 1966, the name of the bridge changed to Ampera or also known as the Musi Project by the people of Palembang. During the new order under the leadership of the mayor at that time Eddy Santana Putra, the Ampera bridge was decorated in such a way as to ensure that the Ampera bridge was used as the main icon of the city of Palembang. This is very much appreciated by the people of Palembang with the aim of preserving the historical heritage of Palembang independence. In 1997, chaos occurred when various decorative ornaments and lamps were stolen. Since then the Ampera bridge is no longer decorated with expensive ornaments or lighting. Ampera is currently preserved in other forms such as renovation of colors and repair of road sections only.

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Hawa Amalia 4E/19

All citizens of Indonesia must recognize one of the most famous icon in the Indonesian capital. Monumen Nasional (National Monument) or better known as Monas is a monument to the height of about 132 meters. Monas Monument was built to commemorate the resistance and struggle of the Indonesian people in independence from Dutch colonial government.

Monas Monument was designed by Friedrich Silaban and RM Soedarsono and began its construction on August 17th, 1961 under the command of President Sukarno, and was inaugurated and opened to the public on July 12th, 1975 by President Soeharto. Monas Monument development consisted of three phases. The first phase took place between the years 1961/1962 - 1964/1965, which at that time President Soekarno inaugurated symbolically by putting the development of the first concrete peg. The second phase took place between 1966 until 1968. This two-phase constructions were delayed due to the rebellion of Movement 30 September 1965. And finally the last stage has been carried out around 1969 to 1976.

The shape of the monument with Lingga and Yoni concept symbolizes fertility and harmonious unity and complementarity. Towering monument portrayed as Lingga symbolizes the male element and daytime, while the cup-shaped court described as Yoni symbolizes the female element and evening. But the form of Monas can also be interpreted as a pair of Alu and Lesung the traditional rice pestle depicting Indonesian culture.

The interesting about this monument is the fourteen metres flames-shaped peak covered with gold sheets weighing 50 kg which symbolizes the spirit of the struggle of the Indonesian people which was always burning, where as much as 28 kilograms of gold in the flame was a donation from Teuku Markam, a businessman from Aceh who had become one of the richest men in Indonesia.

While on the outside of the monument there is a page that describes the relief of Indonesian history. At the base of the building also contained an Indonesian National History Museum that can accommodate about 500 people. This monument is located right at the center of Medan Merdeka Square, Central Jakarta, you can visit every day from 08.00 am - 03.00 pm. But for the last Monday of each month, this monument is closed to for public.

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SURTINI/01
Ballooning

The first kind of air transportation was not a plane. It was a balloon. People traveled  by balloon 100  years before there were planes or jet  aircraft. Those  early  days  of  ballooning  were  exciting,  but  they  were  also dangerous. Sometimes the balloons fell suddenly. Sometimes they burned. However, the danger did not stop the balloonists.

(1) The first real balloon flight was in France in 1783. Two Frenchmen, the Montgolfier brothers, made a balloon. They filled a very large paper bag with hot air. Hot air is lighter than cold air, so it goes up. The Montgolfier’s hot air balloon went up 1,000 feet in the sky.

(2) Later that same year, two other Frenchmen ascended  in the basket under a balloon. They built a fire under the balloon to make the air hot. This made the balloon stay up in the air for a few hours. But their balloon was tied to the ground. So it could not go anywhere.

During the nineteenth century, ballooning became a popular sport. There were balloon races in Europe. Balloons were also used by scientists to study the air and by armies in wartime. After the airplane was invented, people lost interest in balloons. Planes were much faster and easier to control. But some people today still like to go up in balloons. High up in the balloon basket, they find quiet. They have a wonderful view of the world below.

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1. Make historical recount that happened in your city/hometown.

2. Find a place or story that has historical value in your city/ hometown

3. Don’t put your personal involved in your writing.

4. Make 3 paragraphs and 1 paragraph should be min 6 sentences.

5. Put A PICTURE on your writing

6. Upload OVER HERE
7. YOUR TIME TILL 22.00 ON 29th March 2020.

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Lutvira Dyah W/XE/23

warungboto site Located on Jalan Veteran, Warungboto Village, Umbulharjo District, Yogyakarta City, this site is actually a guesthouse.According to the Yogyakarta Kerageng Pengageng KRT Jatiningrat, the site was a pawnshop that began construction during the reign of Sultan Hamengkubuwono I, and its construction continued during the reign of Sultan Hamengkubuwono II.

The existence of pesanggrahans in Yogyakarta cannot be separated from the history of the establishment of the Yogyakarta Palace. The existence of the Giyanti Agreement on February 13, 1755 AD, the kingdom of Mataram was divided into two namely Surakarta Sunan Paku Buwana III and Yogyakarta Sultanate ruled by Prince Mangkubumi who then held Ngarsa Dalem Sampeyan Dalem ingkang Sinuwun Kangjeng Sultan Hamengku Buwana Senapati-ing-Ngalaga Abdurrahman Sayidin Panatagama Khalifatullah. Sultan Hamengkubuwana I then built the palace with various facilities and infrastructure to support the continuation of the existence of the kingdom, including building, pesanggrahan (parks), a mobile fortress inside (cepuri) and outside the palace (baluwarti), internships and some of the palace servants.

Pesanggrahan in Yogyakarta was built during the time of Sultan Hamengku Buwana I, among others: Ambarketawang Pesanggrahan, Tamansari Pesanggrahan, and Krapyak Pesanggrahan (hunting grounds). Sultan Hamengku Buwana II is known to be very fond of and building many pesanggrahan since becoming the Crown Prince until his reign, therefore also known as the "King of pesanggrahan development". During his period as the Crown Prince (1765 AD - 1792 AD) he began to build several pesanggrahans, namely Pesanggrahan Rejawinangun, Purwareja, Pelem Sewu, and Reja Kusuma.

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Assalamu’alaikum good people of Class 4E

How are you all?. I hope you all in a good condition.Aamiin.

TODAY’S LESSON IS ABOUT HISTORICAL RECOUNT.

There are 3 kinds of RECOUNT TEXT

1. PERSONAL RECOUNT TEXT

It retells past events in the order in which  they happened. Writing personal recount requires to retell an activity or event that happened in your own life. You must structure your story in a way that makes sense while using language that matches the same purpose.

2. HISTORICAL RECOUNT TEXT

It is a text that informs the reader about factual events that have happened in the past that has historical values. It focuses on significant events that involve a large spectrum of people rather than just one person. Unlike personal recount, the writer of a historical recount doesn’t need to be personally involved in the event they are writing about.

3. BIOGRAPHICAL RECOUNT
It is a text that informs the reader about a person's life by retelling past events and achievements that happened in the past. uses specific names of the people involved in the biography.