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1.  Extensive Decision Making

High level of involvement

High cost goods

Require some time to decide

Example:

Puan Siti need around 2 weeks to decide which chiller should she buy since the price is high and need to use it in a long period of time.

2.  Limited Decision Making

Moderate involvement in selection process

Purchasing process is shorter

Evaluation of few alternative brands

3.  Routine Decision Making

Made on a day to day basis

Not require a lot of time to purchase

Products are simple, inexpensive and familiar

Example:

Sara decided to buy spices and salt right after she saw it on the rack at the mall without much thinking.

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The last step is the postpurchase evaluation. This part of the consumer decision making process involves reflection from both the consumer and the seller.

As the seller :
- they need to know that whether the purchase need the consumer identified?
- how to continue the engagement with the customer?

As the consumer :
- they can write review or feedback for the product satisfaction.

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The forth step is purchase decision. The consumer had passed all the other stages and evaluated all the facts including the review from the previous customer hence consumer can already expected how the product or service that being purchased.

Example: The customer choose to eat at the new restaurant that on sale for the opening discount. After confirming that the restaurant uses the organic ingredients and gain a positive feedback from their previous franchise, they decided to eat at the restaurant.

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The third step is alternative evaluation. Consumers need to evaluate all of their product and brand options on a scale of attributes which have the ability to deliver the benefit that the customer is seeking.

Make comparison between the product advantages and disadvantages to know which one is better to purchase. Choose the product with relevance of the quality, brand, size, colour, price, quantity or the expiry date if it was foods and drinks.
For example, Hotel W wants to buy tons of bed sheet for their hotel's room. They need to choose a high quality material, the right size, and the quantity to buy as they want to use it for a long term.

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This is the second step in consumer decision making. Alternative search is a process known as pre-purchase search.

This process occurs when a consumer becomes aware of a need they have and conduct a search to gather information and data on what they can do in order to satisfy on what they need to purchase. We can use google or other website to search information about it or ask people's experiences.
For example, Hanif asked Rose for a review of the food sold from Restaurant X whether is it worth to buy or not, because the foods is quite pricey.

There are four (4) step processes. It includes exposed to information, becomes attentive to the formation, understands the information and retains the information.

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The first step of the buyer decision process is the need recognition stage. When a customer becomes aware that they have a need for a product or service.
The needs and wants can be through internal or external stimuli.

Maslow's Hierarchy of needs

1.  Psychological needs

Things that are vital to our survival such as :

Food, water, breathing, shelter, clothing and etc..

2.  Safety needs

People want control and order in their lives. So, this need for safety and security contributes largely to behaviors at this level.

3.  Belongingness and love needs

At this level, the need for emotional relationships drives human behavior. Some of the things that satisfy this need include:

Friendship, romantic attachments, family, social groups and etc..

4.  Esteem needs

It becomes increasingly important to gain the respect and appreciation of others.

People need to sense that they are valued and by others and feel that they are making a contribution to the world.

5.  Self-Actualization needs

It may be loosely described as the full use and exploitation of talents, capabilities, potentialities, etc.

Self-actualizing people are self-aware, concerned with personal growth, less concerned with the opinions of others, and interested in fulfilling their potential.