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Are slack, allowing air to flow freely from the lungs to the mouth, where the tongue, teeth, and lips engage to modulate the sound.

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Place a finger on your throat. As you pronounce a letter, feel the vibration of your vocal cords. If you feel a vibration the consonant is a voiced one.

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How to determine if a consonant is voiced:

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Unvoiced consonants include:
/p/ as in 'pet' /t/ as in 'top' /k/ as in 'cat'

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Voiced consonants include:
/b/ as in 'bed' /d/ as in 'dip' /g/ as in 'good' /ð/ as in 'the'

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Both types use the breath, lips, teeth, and upper palate to further modify speech.

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In an unvoiced sound, there is no vocal fold vibration.

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In a voiced sound, there is vocal fold vibration and an audible 'buzzing' sound.

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There are two types of consonants:

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Voicing refers to the presence or absence of vocal vibration during speech sound production.

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Place the tip of the tongue at the alveolar ridge (alveoral)

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sound like in the word you

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to denote the “y” sound
Yes

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back of tongue raises to velum (but not too close!) and lips are rounded (velar(
Water

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tongue raises to hard palate (but not too close) (alveolar/post-alveolar)

Wrong

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tongue raises to hard palate (but not too close!) (palatal)

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pronounced only using the release of air

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the vocal cords vibrate as the sound is produced

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/h/ as in house

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You hold your breath for a few moments and close your glottis while keeping your mouth open

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/ŋ/ as in strongly
/k/ as in conflict
/g/ as in government
/w/ as in week

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You constrict your airflow by raise the back of your tongue to the velum

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/j/ as in year

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You constrict your airflow by raising your tongue to your hard palate

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Air is forced through the upper teeth and lower lips

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Air is forced through the upper teeth and lower lips

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/ʃ/ as in sure
/ʒ/ as in television
/tʃ/ as in kitchen
/dʒ/ as in magic

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You block/constrict airflow when you put your tongue a little beyond the alveolar ridge

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/n/ as in channel
/t/ as in time
/d/ as in dead
/s/ as in nurses
/z/ as in result
/l/ as in life

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Block airflow with the back of the tongue against the soft palate (velar)

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Block airflow with the back of the tongue against the soft palate (velar)

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Oral passage is blocked by pressing the tongue tip against the alveoral ridge (alveolar)

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Oral passage is blocked by pressing the tongue tip against the alveoral ridge (alveolar)

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Oral passage is blocked by closing the lips (bilabial)

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You block/constrict the airflow by raising your tongue to the alveolar ridge

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Oral passage is blocked by closing the lips

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/θ/ as in think
/ð/ as in them

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You block/constrict airflow by placing your tongue against your upper teeth

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/f/ as in feeling
/v/ as in village

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Man

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You block/construct airflow by curling your lower lip back and raise it to touch the upper row teeth

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Oral passage is blocked by pressing the back of your tongue against the soft palate (velar)

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Oral passage is blocked by pressing tonge tip against the alveolar ridge (alveolar)

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Oral passage is blocked by closing the lips (bilabial)

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When the tongue blocks the middle of the youro mouth so that air has to pass around the sides.

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When two articulator come close together but not quite enough to create air turbulence

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When stop consonants mix with fricative consonants, the result is an affricative consonant.

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While nasal and stop consonants involve a complete blockage of the vocal tract, fricative sounds involve only a partial blockage og the vocal tract so that air has to be forced through a narrow channel

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                            Stop or Plosive

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                            Stop or Plosive

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Ocurr when the vocal tract is closed completely. But for stops the airflow is not redirected through the nose.

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Are created when you completely block air flow through your mount and let the air pass through your nose.

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The way the airstream is affected as it flows from the lungs and out the nose and mouth.

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/p/ as in park
/b/ as in book
/m/ as in money

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You block/construct airflow out of the mouth by putting your lips together

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Types of  consonants by place of articulation

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Types of  consonants by place of articulation

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Speech organs involved in the production of sounds (vowels, consonants, among others)

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Point of contact where an obstruction occurs in the...