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fetal alcohol syndrome in unborn children

increased chance of domestic abuse, child abuse, incest

marital conflict leading to separation or divorce

financial insecurity

children of alcoholics suffer from low-self esteem, fear of abandonment, chronic depression, etc.

adult children of alcoholics suffer from aggression, depression, impulsive behavior, etc.

denial and enabling

job loss as a result of chronic tardiness, being sick, accidents, etc.

social problems

increased risk of physical and sexual assault

injuring someone (ex. drinking while driving can result in a serious accident)

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a disease makes people alcohol dependent

results in:

Cravings for alcohol

Loss of control over ingestion of alcohol

Physical dependence on alcohol

Tolerance - the need to drink more alcohol to feel the same effect

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Damage to other parts of body from alcohol:

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Damage to other parts of body from alcohol:

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BRAIN:

Memory loss

blackouts

exaggerated states of emotion

Problems with coordination

problems with muscle movement

Depressed nerve centers in hypothalamus

Affected heart rate, temperature, and breathing

can lead to unconsciousness and death

Brain shrinkage

Thiamine deficiency

Learning difficulties

Slowing of the growth of new brain cells

Sleep impairment

Peripheral neuropathy, leading to a loss of sensation

LUNGS:

fluid accumulation in the lungs

Pneumonia, lung collapse, and other pulmonary infections

LIVER:

Liver failure

Fat accumulation in liver cells

Hepatitis

Cirrhosis

Hepatic encephalopathy

HEART:

Heart disease

heart attack

High blood pressure

Enlarged heart (cardiomyopathy)

Irregular or rapid heartbeat

KIDNEY:

Kidney failure

STOMACH:

Ulcers

Gastritis

Acid reflux

Intestinal bleeding

Risk of stomach cancer

Hypoglycemia

malnutrition

PANCREAS:

Reduced amount of digestive enzymes secreted by the pancreas

THROAT:

Increased risk of cancer in esophagus, larynx, and mouth

Vomiting can tear the esophagus

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM:

BLOOD:

Increased blood clotting abnormalities and anemia

greater risk of bleeding and bruising

Impaired white blood cell function

SKIN:

Dehydrated skin

Widening of blood vessels near the surface of the skin

Depletion of vitamins and minerals

BONES AND JOINTS:

Leakage of calcium from the bones

Increased joint inflammation

Muscle atrophy

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Underage Drinking: first time penalty of $150

Driving Under Influence of Alcohol:

first time: $400 fine

second time: $1,000 fine + up to 3 weeks in jail + suspension of drivers license up to one year + $200 license restatement fee + participation in Driving While under Influence Clinic ($75)

Illegal Purchase of Alcohol: suspension of license

Providing Alcohol for those who are Underaged: 1 year in jail + $3,000 fine

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ALCOHOL + DEPRESSANTS:

dizziness

stumbling

loss of sphincter control

memory loss

potential death

ALCOHOL + STIMULANTS:

inability to gauge alcohol consumption

impairment of coordination and judgement

black outs

death

ALCOHOL + PRESCRIPTION OPIATES:

slowed or arrested breathing

lowered pulse and blood pressure

unconsciousness

coma

death

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drinking too much alcohol leads to rapid increase in BAC

overdoses range in severity from slurred speech to death

INFLUENCES OF OVERDOSES:

age

gender

ethnicity

amount of food eaten beforehand

drinking experience

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(shortened to BAC)

refers to the amount of alcohol contained in a person's blood

measured as weight per unit of volume

measurement is converted to a percentage

example: a measurement of 0.10%, indicates that one-tenth of a percent of a person's blood is alcohol

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relaxed effect

reduced tension

sleepiness

altered emotions

impaired judgement

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IN LOW DOSES:

low inhibitions

poor concentration

slow reflexes and reaction time

reduced coordination

slower brain activity

unclear perception

IN MEDIUM DOSES:

slurred speech

poor vision

disruption of sleeping patterns

increased urine production

increased blood flow to skin surface

lower core body temperature

IN HIGH DOSES:

uncontrolled urination and defecation

vomiting

breathing difficulties

passing out

alcohol poisoning

coma

death

REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM:

Decreased sperm production and testosterone in men

Decreased estrogen metabolism in the liver

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a depressant that affects vision, coordination, reaction time, multitasking ability, judgement, and decision-making