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What is compost? Do you use it?

Name- Vasile Simona Ana Maria

School- Liceul Tehnologic General David Praporgescu

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but humans dont understand to we should start to fix the earth, then how can we explain this to humans so they don't listening us, huh?

but if they wont listen us, there will be no world for live.

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One of the weapons we can use is Ecocide. Could you explain something related with it?

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Climate and ecological emergency is the result of many years of these harmful industrial activities. Most of the risks have been known for decades by the companies choosing to continue these practices. The responsibility lies with decisions made at the top of industry, finance and government.

As citizens we can and must take responsibility for what we eat and buy, but ordinary citizens do not make those high level investment and policy decisions. Ordinary citizens cannot therefore be blamed for ecocide.

But we can help to stop it. Next up - how to make it a CRIME ...

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What is ecocide? - Stop Ecocide International

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Climate and ecological emergency is the result of many years of these harmful industrial activities. Most of the risks have been known for decades by the companies choosing to continue these practices. The responsibility lies with decisions made at the top of industry, finance and government.

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The Blue Marble is an image of Earth taken on December 7, 1972, from a distance of about 29,000 kilometers (18,000 miles) from the planet's surface.[1][2][3] It was taken by the crew of the Apollo 17 spacecraft on its way to the Moon, and is one of the most reproduced images in history.
The picture spread an ecological awareness across the world. People from different countries felt they belong to the same HOME. The picure is frequently used, as in the Earth flag by environmental activist organizations or companies attempting to promote an environmentally conscious image. Poet-diplomat Abhay Kumar penned an Earth anthem inspired by the Blue Marble which contains "all the peoples and the nations of the world, one for all, all for one, united we unfurl the blue marble flag"

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The Blue Marble, taken by the Apollo 17 crew in 1972. The original photograph was taken with the South Pole facing the top; however, cropped, rotated, and processed versions are the most commonly used, like this one.

The Blue Marble is a photograph of Earth taken on December 7, 1972, by one of the astronauts aboard the Apollo 17 spacecraft on its way to the Moon. Viewed from around 29,400 kilometers (18,300 mi; 15,900 nmi) from Earth's surface, a cropped, rotated, and processed version has become one of the most reproduced images in history.

In the original NASA image, named AS17-148-22727 and centered at about 26°19′49″S 37°25′13″E ﻿ / ﻿ 26.33028°S 37.42028°E with the South Pole facing upwards, The Blue Marble shows Earth from the Mediterranean Sea to Antarctica. This was the first time the Apollo trajectory and seasonal timing made it possible to photograph the south polar ice cap, despite the Southern Hemisphere being heavily covered in clouds. In addition to the Arabian Peninsula and Madagascar, almost the entire coastline of Africa and most of the Indian Ocean are clearly visible, a cyclone in the Indian Ocean is also visible, the South Asian mainland and Australia are on the eastern limb, and the eastern part of South America lies on the western limb. The Blue Marble was preceded by two photos with the same perspective, which were taken immediately prior.

NASA has also applied the name to a 2012 series of images which cover the entire globe at relatively high resolution. These were created after a search of satellite pictures taken over time found as many cloudless photographs as possible for use in the final images. NASA has verified that the 2012 "blue marble" images are composites, made from multiple images taken from low Earth orbit, an altitude whose narrow field of view does not allow of photographing the entire planet at once. Likewise, these images do not fit together properly and, because of lighting, weather and cloud interference, it is impossible to collect cohesive or fully clear images of the entire Earth simultaneously.

The Blue Marble was not the first clear color image taken of an illuminated face of Earth, since such images by satellites had already been made and released as early as 1967.

Before the Blue Marble, a picture of the fully illuminated Earth by the ATS-3 satellite was used in 1968 by Stewart Brand for his Whole Earth Catalog, after campaigning since 1966 to have NASA release a then-rumored satellite image of the entire Earth as seen from space. He got inspired during an LSD trip, seeing a "psychedelic illusion" of the Earth's curvature, convincing him that a picture of the entire planet would change how humans related to it. He sold and distributed buttons for 25 cents each that asked: "Why haven't we seen a photograph of the whole Earth yet?" During this campaign, Brand met Buckminster Fuller, who offered to help Brand with his project. Several of the pins made their way to NASA employees.

While the first image of the whole Earth was taken in 1967, this photograph by the crew of Apollo 10 from 1969 was used in the first version of the Earth Flag, before the Blue Marble was used instead

In the same year the popular photograph Earthrise was taken by William Anders of Apollo 8 and eventually in 1969 the crew of Apollo 10 took a photo of the almost completely illuminated Earth, which was then used for the first version of the Earth Flag, before being replaced by the Blue Marble photo.

Original image, uncropped, uncorrected, and unrotated, with south-up orientation (Lunar and Planetary Institute, Apollo Image Atlas version).

The photograph was taken on December 7, 1972 aboard the Apollo 17 command module with callsign America.

Apollo 17 was the first mission that had the opportunity to photograph most of the Earth face completely lit in daylight, an opportunity prepared for and tightly observed and vividly described by the crew.

Animation of the full Blue Marble photo sequence, as seen by the crew of Apollo 17

The astronauts had the Earth's South Pole facing upwards and the Sun above them (in spatial navigation terms, to their zenith) when they took the image. To the astronauts, the Earth had the appearance and size of a glass marble.[ citation needed ] [ vague ]

Hemispheric map of the view of The Blue Marble

At that time, Africa was in noon daylight and with the December solstice approaching, Antarctica was also illuminated. The picture has a 50% (26-50%) cloud cover, and shows many weather systems, featuring a Shapyro-Keyser cyclone near to the center of the image. Cyclone Sixteen (16B) can be seen in the upper right of the image. This storm had brought flooding and high winds to the Indian state of Tamil Nadu on December 5, two days before the photograph was taken.

According to the photograph description by NASA it was taken at 05:39a.m EST (10:39 UTC), 5 hours 6 minutes after launch of the Apollo 17 mission, and about 1 hour 54 minutes after the spacecraft left its parking orbit around Earth to begin its trajectory to the Moon. Alternatively, Eric Hartwell has identified it as having been taken slightly earlier at 5 hours 3 minutes, when one crew member states having changed the f-number, presumably between AS17-148-22725, the first of the sequence of photos, and the following less exposed images like The Blue Marble.

A copy of the modified Hasselblad 500 EL camera used.

Schmitt used a 70-millimeter Hasselblad 500 EL camera with an 80-millimeter Zeiss planar lens; the film stock was Kodak SO-368 Ektachrome film, the lens was set at f/2.8 and the shutter speed was 1/250 of a second.

Stereo cross-eye image comparison of AS17-148-22725 and AS17-148-22727 (the Blue Marble), first and last of the photo sequence

The photograph's official NASA designation is AS17-148-22727. It is the third of a sequence of shots which were taken just before and are nearly identical, NASA photograph AS17-148-22725 and AS17-148-22726, the second also having been used as a full-Earth image.

The widely published versions are cropped, rotated with south pointing up relative to the capsule, and chromatically adjusted from the original photographs.

NASA generally credits images to the whole crew of a mission. All crew members, Gene Cernan, Ronald Evans and Harrison Schmitt, took photographs during the mission with the onboard Hasselblad. They have largely avoided definitively answering the question of the photographer's identity by each member claiming to have taken it. However, interviews and evidence examined by Eric Hartwell after the mission suggest that Schmitt was the photographer. For example, in 2013, Schmitt gave a phone interview for the website The Phoblographer in which he explained some of the camera settings, and recalled that the reason the photograph was taken stemmed from his hobby as an amateur meteorologist, with weather prediction being a personal mission goal; Schmitt did not anticipate the image's popular acclaim.

A comparison of different white-balanced Blue Marble images.

The original camera film was rescanned in 2007 by the Arizona State University (ASU) for their Apollo Image Archive, producing an extremely high resolution raw version.

The photo is part of a sequence of photos, which altogether are the first images of the complete disc of Earth taken by a human and of the South Pole, which was illuminated because of December solstice coming up, having Earth's Southern Hemisphere oriented towards the Sun.

The image was released on 23 December, four days after Apollo 17 landed back on Earth. While not a dominant topic of news reporting at the time, newspapers widely picked the picture for their Apollo 17 reporting over the festive season, with the Boston Globe using it as the cover image of its Christmas issue. The name Blue Marble was coined back then.

The image became NASA's most requested image, and according to NASA archivist Mike Gentry, The Blue Marble is among the most widely distributed images in history. Withstanding time despite newer photographs of Earth, because of reasons such as that it is an historically iconic photo and taken by a human instead of a satellite.

It is often given as an example for the sublime or awe inspiring so-called overview effect, highlighting and contextualizing the scale of Earth and the thin atmosphere and the interdependence of everything. Rendering borders invisible this perspective has been an argument for transnational approaches to the world and its issues.

The view of the photo showing Africa so dominantly has been described by on-board astronaut and geologist Harrison Schmitt as reminding him of human migration from its origins in Africa to now eventually into the Solar System, and Earth as a whole as a place of resilient diversity. Africa's visibility has been also noted as an imagery impressive in the context of decolonization ongoing at the time in Africa.:  318  Beside for Africa's appearance, the photo has also been noted for its unusual viewing angle, focusing on the Southern Hemisphere, and details like a cyclone over Southern India, illustrating Earth as a varied and dynamic place.:  319

As such it has been called a "manifesto for global justice" and spaceflight altogether as discovering Earth.

The image was released during a surge in environmental activism during the 1970s, and became a symbol of the environmental movement, as a depiction of Earth's fragility, vulnerability, and isolation amid the vast expanse of space.

The 1973 version of the Earth Flag, proposed by John McConnell using The Blue Marble

The phrase "blue marble" (as well as the picture itself) is frequently used, as in the Earth flag by environmental activist organizations or companies attempting to promote an environmentally conscious image.

Poet-diplomat Abhay Kumar penned an Earth anthem inspired by the Blue Marble which contains "all the peoples and the nations of the world, one for all, all for one, united we unfurl the blue marble flag".[ ]

The image has been used to validate state-of-the-art atmospheric reanalysis fifty years after it was taken.

There has also been a children's television program called Big Blue Marble.

Subsequent Blue Marble images

Subsequent similar images of Earth (including composites at much higher resolution) have also been termed Blue Marble images, some of which forming Blue Marble series.

Big Blue Marble by GOES 8 (1994)

In 1994, NASA released an image by GOES 8 titled Big Blue Marble.

Blue Marble 2000. Hurricane Linda can be seen off the coast of Mexico.

In 2000, there was a so-called Blue Marble 2000 composite image released. It was based on data from 1997 by the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES), Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS) satellite and Polar Operational Environmental Satellites (POES), complemented with a digital elevation model from the U.S. Geological Survey.

Blue Marble composite images generated by NASA in 2002, based on data from 2001.

In 2002, NASA released Blue Marble 2001 images, composite visualizations of Earth based on data collected by NASA's Terra satellite over the course of 4 months in 2001 and 2002, orbiting pole to pole. With a 1km/pixel resolution the data was at the time the most detailed imagery available for free, and permitted for reuse. Specular maps and color maps were used to generate the images of the Earth, before they were composited onto a computer-generated sphere in Photoshop to create the final result. Also included were cloud-cover and night-light image sets at lower resolutions.

Later, in 2007, one of the visualizations, depicting the Western Hemisphere, by Reto Stöckli and enhanced by Robert Simmon, was notably used as one of the default wallpapers for the first-generation iPhone.

NASA Earth Observatory animation called Blue Marble Next Generation (2005), showing Earth in 2004.

A subsequent release was made in 2005, named Blue Marble Next Generation. This series of digital image mosaics was produced with the aid of automated image-sifting upon images from NASA's Earth Observatory, which enabled the inclusion of a complete, cloud-free globe for each month from January to December 2004, at even higher resolution (500m/pixel). The original release of a single-image set covering the entire globe could not reflect the extent of seasonal snow-and-vegetative cover across both hemispheres, but this newer release closely modeled the changes of the seasons.

A number of interactive viewers for these data have also been released, among them a music visualization for the PlayStation 3 that is based on the texture data.

Blue Marble 2012 - a composite satellite image.

Blue Marble 2012 - 'White Marble' Arctic view

The companion to Blue Marble 2012, showing the Eastern Hemisphere

Blue Marble 2014 - Eastern Hemisphere

Black Marble - North and South America at night.[61] Hurricane Sandy can be seen off the coast of Florida.

Rotating 2016 version[62]

Blue Marble 2015

On July 21, 2015, NASA released a new Blue Marble photograph taken by the U.S. Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR), a solar weather and Earth observation satellite in Sun-synchronous orbit at the Sun-Earth Lagrange point L1, with a near-continuous day-side view of Earth, which was launched in February 2015. The image was taken on July 6, 2015. The photograph, of the Western Hemisphere, is centered over Central America. The Western United States, Mexico and the Caribbean are visible, but much of South America is hidden beneath cloud cover. Greenland can be seen at the upper edge of the image.

The EPIC science team plans to upload 13 new color images per day on their website. The color balance has been adjusted to approximate an image that could be seen with the average human eye. In addition to images, scientific information will be uploaded as it becomes available after in-flight calibration is complete. The science information will be ozone and aerosol amounts, cloud reflectivity, cloud height, and vegetation information. The EPIC instrument views the Earth from sunrise in the west to sunset in the east 12 to 13 times per day as the Earth rotates at 15 degrees of longitude per hour. Clearly visible are storms forming over the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans, major slowly moving "cloud rivers", dust aerosol plumes from Africa, the Sun's reflection in the oceans, ship exhaust tracks in the clouds, rivers and lakes, and the variegated land surface patterns especially in the African deserts. The spatial resolution of the color images is about 10km (6 miles), and the resolution of the science products will be about 20km (10 miles). Once every three months, lunar images are obtained that are the same as those viewed from Earth during a full Moon. On occasion, the other side of the Moon will appear in the Earth images as the Moon crosses in front of the Earth.

A color-corrected image of the Earth taken by the DSCOVR satellite on December 7, 2022, as one of a series of photos taken for The Blue Marble' s 50th anniversary.[71]

Hello, World, taken in 2026 by Reid Wiseman, commander of the Artemis II near-Moon mission.

In April 2026, Artemis II commander Reid Wiseman took a photo of the Earth from the Orion Integrity spacecraft's window while traveling toward the Moon for a lunar flyby. NASA's caption for the image notes that two auroras are visible and that zodiacal light can be seen as the Earth eclipses the Sun. This photo was titled Hello, World. Like the original, unrotated version of The Blue Marble, this photo was taken with the South Pole facing upwards. Hello, World and a preceding lower-exposure snapshot from the same perspective are the first images of the full Earth disk taken by a person since The Blue Marble.

The image metadata indicates that it was taken using a Nikon D5 camera with a 14-24 mm f/2.8 lens at an aperture of f/4, an exposure time of 1/4 second, and an ISO setting of 51,200; the exposure was set manually and the image was later processed using Adobe Photoshop Lightroom Classic.

The Blue Marble, and other images from space, have been in parts critically analyzed as a "god trick" or high-modern expert view, producing a kind of control over how Earth is seen and how it is not seen,:  318  distracting from human geographic issues and from being a technological product produced by a dominant spacefaring country, which developed the image and its overview effect as a boundless worldview instead of as an image inviting an intricate and critical overview.

Similarly it has been argued by social scientists, among them Bruno Latour, that it is a continuation of viewing the world as something distant instead of something acutely present, like understanding the planet through the concept of the critical zone. In that regard the image is analyzed as a symbol of environmentalism that dismisses the environmentalist critique of spaceflight, particularly of the time of the Blue Marble.

While an important symbol for environmentalism, it has been pointed out by Neil M. Maher that it distracts from the reality and inequality of life on Earth and its environment as the disregarded shared and connecting dimension.

List of photographs considered the most important

Earthrise, another widely reproduced picture of the Earth, taken in 1968 by Bill Anders aboard Apollo 8

Pale Blue Dot, a 1990 image of the Earth taken by Voyager 1

The Day the Earth Smiled, a 2013 image of the Earth taken by Cassini

Hello, World, a 2026 photograph of the Earth by Reid Wiseman aboard Artemis II

Earthset, another 2026 photograph of Earth by Christina Koch, also aboard Artemis II, similar to Earthrise

Pale Orange Dot, a NASA digital model showing a possible early Earth

DODGE, satellite which took the first color picture of the complete Earth disk

Earth phases from the Moon

First images of Earth from space

Himawari 8 and 9, geostationary satellites that produce an image of the Earth's full face every 10 minutes in the daytime

Stewart Brand §NASA images of Earth, author who lobbied NASA in 1966 to release a satellite photograph of the entire Earth because he thought it would be a powerful symbol

Space selfie

Whole Earth Catalog, an eclectic catalog compiled by Brand which was inspired in part by photographs of the Earth as a globe

1. ↑ "The Most Recent Man to Walk on the Moon | Harrison 'Jack' Schmitt". YouTube. November 7, 2023. Archived from the original on August 18, 2025.

2. ↑ "Apollo 17 Day 1: Transposition, Docking and Extraction". NASA. 2022. Archived from the original on October 23, 2023. By measurement of the size of Earth's image in these photographs (29mm), they were taken at a distance of about 29,400 kilometres (15,900 nautical miles).

3. Petsko, Gregory A. (April 28, 2011). "The blue marble". Genome Biology. 12 (4): 112. doi:10.1186/gb-2011-12-4-112. PMC 3218853. PMID 21554751.

4. 1 2 3 4 5 6

5. ↑ "Lunch with the FT: Stewart Brand". Financial Times. January 8, 2010. Archived from the original on December 10, 2022.

6. ↑ Brand, Stewart (2009). Whole Earth Discipline: An Ecopragmatist Manifesto. Viking Adult. p.214. ISBN 978-0-670-02121-5.

7. ↑ Cosgrove, Ben (April 11, 2014). "Home, Sweet Home: In Praise of Apollo 17's 'Blue Marble'". Time. Archived from the original on June 1, 2015.

8. 1 2 3 4

9. From astronaut Schmitt stating that Earth was beneath them, or to their nadir.

10. ↑ Gonzalez, Sergi (November 2020). "The weather of the Blue Marble". Weather. 75 (11): 366-367. Bibcode:2020Wthr...75..366G. doi:10.1002/wea.3831. hdl:20.500.11765/12609. ISSN 0043-1656. S2CID 225255076.

11. ↑ "History of Past Cyclones". India Meteorological Department. Archived from the original on September 25, 2014.

12. ↑ Das, P.K.; George, C.A.; Jambunathan, R. (January 10, 1972). "Cyclones and depressions of 1971 - Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea". MAUSAM. 23 (4): 453-466. Bibcode:1972Mausa..23..453D. doi:10.54302/mausam.v23i4.5305. S2CID 247037040.

13. ↑ Parker, Phill. "Apollo-11 Hasselblad Cameras". Apollo Lunar Surface Journal. NASA.

14. PBS (March 6, 2024). "The Story Behind Earth's Most Famous Photo". YouTube.

15. ↑ Jenks, Andrew (2018). "Transnational Utopias, Space Exploration and the Association of Space Explorers, 1972-85". Limiting Outer Space. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK. p.209-235. doi:10.1057/978-1-137-36916-1_9. ISBN 978-1-137-36915-4.

16. 1 Pritchard, Sara B. (2017). "The Trouble with Darkness: NASA's Suomi Satellite Images of Earth at Night". Environmental History. 22 (2). [Oxford University Press, Forest History Society, American Society for Environmental History]: 312-330. ISSN 1084-5453. JSTOR 44202430. 2 3 4

17. Wuebbles, Donald J. (December 4, 2012). "Celebrating the "Blue Marble"". Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union. 93 (49): 509-510. doi:10.1029/2012EO490001.

18. ↑ From Popular Science, December 8, 2022

19. ↑ Kumar, Abhay (May 24, 2013). "Voices: An anthem for the Earth". The Kathmandu Post. Archived from the original on July 17, 2015.

20. ↑ Lopez, Philippe (November 28, 2020). "Validating the Past: Simulating the Weather in Space Mission Earth Views". Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society. 101 (11): 981-984. doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-19-0254.1. ISSN 0003-0007. S2CID 212879930.

21. ↑ Stöckli, Reto (January 1, 2005). "Blue Marble Next Generation". Blue Marble Research.

22. Stöckli, Reto (October 13, 2005). "Blue Marble Next Generation". NASA Earth Observatory.

23. ↑ Sheffield, Brandon (December 26, 2007). "Special: Q-Games on PS3's 'Gaia' Music Visualizer". Gamasutra. Archived from the original on December 28, 2007.

24. 1 2 3

25. Cole, Steve; etal. (December 5, 2012). "NASA-NOAA Satellite Reveals New Views of Earth at Night". NASA. Archived from the original on December 9, 2012.

26. ↑ Samenow, Jason (December 5, 2012). "Satellites unveil Black Marble and spy on the moon". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on December 8, 2012.

27. 1 2 3

28. ↑ "'Black Marble' images shine light upon a sleeping world". The Washington Post. December 5, 2012. Archived from the original on December 9, 2012.

29. ↑ "EPIC:: DSCOVR". Susannah Pearce. May 29, 2026.

30. ↑ Flores, Teresa Mendes (April 10, 2012). "The Global Imagination: from 'The Blue Marble' photograph to 'Google Earth'". Academia.edu.

31. ↑ Biondi, Charleyne (January 21, 2018). "Haris A. Durrani - The Bogotá Declaration: A Global Uprising? - Uprising 13/13". Log In ‹Blogs @ Columbia Law School. Archived from the original on October 19, 2022.

32. ↑ Latour, Bruno; Weibel, Peter (2020). Critical zones: the science and politics of landing on earth. Karlsruhe, Germany Cambridge, MA: ZKM Center for Art and Media The MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-04445-5. The Blue Marble (1972), shows our uncanny home and our watchful, cloudy superego (see fig. 10). It becomes an object of cozy adoration on Earth Day; it is painted in terrifying red to show impending apocalyptic temperatures in climate reports. It also appears as an elusive object at last under control, the ground of a united world of technical and capilalist exploitation, as well as a fragile being we must care for, a temperamental mother to appease, and a somber, eerie alien in a void staring back.

NASA history of Blue Marble image releases

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The Blue Marble is a photograph of Earth taken on December 7, 1972, by one of the astronauts aboard the Apollo 17 spacecraft on its way to the Moon. Viewed from around 29,400 kilometers (18,300 mi; 15,900 nmi) from Earth's surface, a cropped, rotated, and processed version has become one of the most reproduced images in history.

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How can a person be ecologically literate in the 21st century? how can you define ecological literacy in education?