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Your brain on shopping - a look at compulsive buying disorder | McGill University Health Centre

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According to Dr. Ronald Fraser, director of the Inpatient Detoxification Unit at the McGill University Health Centre (MUHC) and the Extended Care Borderline Personality Disorder Clinic, a compulsive buyer is someone who is dependent on thoughts of shopping and the euphoric feeling that accompanies it.

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Overview

If you are thinking about suicide right now, please seek support immediately.

Suicide is the act of intentionally causing one's own death. Suicide occurs across all ages, incomes, ethnicities and social factors. Men die by suicide more than three times as often as women, but three times more women than men attempt suicide.

Why do people turn to suicide?

Most often, people turn to suicide when they have lost hope and feel helpless. They want their pain to end, and they may see no other way out. Suicide can also be an impulsive act that follows the use of substances. In some cases, people with psychotic illnesses such as schizophrenia may hear voices that tell them to harm themselves.

Suicide can be prevented. Most people who die by suicide have shown warning signs that they were thinking of killing themselves.

If you are feeling suicidal, help is available. Many causes of suicidal thinking can be recognized and treated.

Signs & Symptoms

People who are feeling suicidal may:

show a sudden change in mood or behaviour

show a sense of hopelessness and helplessness

express the wish to die or end their life

increase substance use

withdraw from people and activities that they previously enjoyed

experience changes in sleeping patterns

have a decreased appetite

give away prized possessions or make preparations for their death (for example, creating a will).

Causes & Risk Factors

People at a higher risk of suicide include those who:

have a serious mental health and/or addiction problem

have had a recent major loss (for example, the death of a loved one or a job loss)

have a family history of suicide

have made previous suicide attempts

have a serious physical illness

have an impulsive personality

lack support from family or friends

have access to weapons, medications or other lethal means of suicide.

The risk for suicide may be reduced when "protective factors" are present. In general, protective factors help to increase a person's resilience, which is the ability to recover or "bounce back" in the face of stress and adversity. Examples include:

positive social supports

a sense of responsibility for others, such as having children in the home (except when the person has postpartum depression or psychosis) or having pets

positive coping skills

a positive relationship with a medical or mental health provider

self-efficacy (a person's belief in their ability to succeed in specific situations)

a religious belief that suicide is wrong.

Frequently Asked Questions

How can I help someone who is suicidal?

Listen to them and take them seriously. Don't judge or minimize their feelings. Be positive and hopeful, and remember that suicide can be prevented.

Ask them if they are suicidal. Don't be afraid that you will put the idea in their head. It may be a relief for them to talk about it.

Ask if they have a plan. Depending on their answer you may want to limit their access to lethal means, such as medication, knives or firearms.

Ask them to rate their suicidal feelings on a scale of one to 10. Regularly ask them to tell you where they are on the scale, so you can assess if things are getting worse.

Let them know help is available and that the cause of their suicidal thoughts can be successfully treated.

Encourage them to talk about how they are feeling.

Encourage them to seek help from a doctor or mental health provider, and offer to help with this if they would like.

Make a safety plan with them. Who will they call if their feelings get stronger? Who can stay with them to keep them safe? Make a list of phone numbers of people and services they can call if they feel unsafe. Avoid leaving the person alone if they are in crisis.

Seek support for yourself. It is important that you don't carry this burden alone.

What if someone I know shows warning signs for suicide?

Take them to the nearest hospital emergency department, if you can do so safely.

If the person will not go to the hospital or you're unsure if this is the right thing to do, get help from a health care provider as quickly as possible. You can call the person's health care team or a crisis line.

If your loved one is attempting or about to attempt suicide, and you are not at risk, do not leave them alone and call 911.

Keep yourself safe.

What should I do if someone has attempted suicide?

Remain calm and call 911.

Related Programs and Services

Additional Resources

Where can I get help in a crisis?

Where else can I find treatment or support?

Where can I find more CAMH resources about suicide?

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If you are thinking about suicide right now, please seek support immediately. Suicide is the act of intentionally causing one's own death. Suicide occurs across all ages, incomes, ethnicities and social factors. Men die by suicide more than three times as often as women, but three times more women than men attempt suicide.

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‘Raw hatred’: why the ‘incel’ movement targets and terrorises women

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The man accused of carrying out the Toronto van attack has alleged links to ‘involuntary celibate’ online communities. The language they use may be absurd, but the threat they pose could be deadly

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University of Nebraska-Lincoln | Web Developer Network

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Social media is a huge part of our lives. It's used in everything, and it's everywhere. We all use it; our friends use it, advertisers use it, celebrities, retail brands, etc. The world population is 7.3 billion and the Internet has 3.17 billion users.

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https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/gay-adoption-breaks-new-ground/article4150480/

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Gender equality continues to be a topic of conversation in Canada.

This last year has seen some progress with the #MeToo movement and more women speaking up on gender inequality.

Paulette Senior, president and CEO of the Canadian Women's Foundation, told the Alberta Morning News that Canada has made some progress, but there's much more work that needs to be done.

READ MORE: MPs to debate creating new ambassador for women, peace and security

"We've been inching towards equal pay for work of equal value, but we're not seeing the gap really tighten that much," Senior said. "But we're moving forward a little bit. I think women are certainly impatient in terms of the ongoing, lingering gap."
LISTEN BELOW: President & CEO of the Canadian Women's Foundation Paulette Senior on gender equality in Canada
But are those fighting for gender equality wanting too many things at once, instead of focusing on one thing at a time?

It depends who you ask.
WATCH: Guillermo del Toro Says Gender Equality Is 'A Need'

For organizations like the Canadian Women's Foundation who have been fighting this battle for years, Senior said, progress isn't being made fast enough.

"They may think that we've been doing this work for so long. We certainly had to fight for the vote in Canada so many decades ago; we certainly had to fight for almost everything we've had."

READ MORE: Ontario students walk out of class to protest province's repeal of sex-ed curriculum

While the #MeToo movement has had plenty of momentum lately, she said, things like equal pay continue to make slow progress.

Part of the problem, Senior said, is systemic.

"We've all sort of been raised in a society where this is what we've been seeing, this is what we're used to. Not just men in terms of how they see the world, but also women and so [we are] waking ourselves up to the reality of what things are."

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Gender equality in Canada: Progress made, but work still needs to be done

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Gender equality continues to be a topic of conversation in Canada. This last year has seen some progress with the #MeToo movement and more women speaking up on gender inequality. Paulette Senior, president and CEO of the Canadian Women's Foundation, told the Alberta Morning News that Canada has made some progress, but there's much more work that needs to be done.

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Today is Equal Pay Day, the day we're supposed to think about why women are still earning about 80 cents for every dollar earned by their male counterparts at work. That's part of the problem. There's been a lot of thinking, but not much action. As a result, there hasn't been much progress in eliminating the pay gap over the last few decades.

One reason we may lack motivation to close the gap is confusion surrounding the roots of the problem. Often people think that the pay gap can be entirely explained by women's opting out of the workforce or choosing more flexible schedules to accommodate their families. Others say the pay gap stems from men and women choosing different career paths, with men electing more lucrative professions. While family obligations and career choice do account for some of the gender pay gap, they certainly don't account for the whole 20 cents. In order for women to achieve full parity with men at work, we must eliminate the unconscious bias that still plays a significant role in the gender differences in pay.
What Is Unconscious Bias?
Most people don't head to work consciously thinking they want to promote men over women or that they want to pay men more than their female counterparts, yet unconsciously they still have a bias in favor of men. This bias stems from gender stereotypes that we tend to hold about typical characteristics of men and women. In general, we think that men make better leaders and managers whereas women are more nurturing and make better caretakers. The activation of these stereotypes happens so quickly that we're not typically aware of it - thus, the unconscious part. We become aware of these stereotypes at a young age, and, as adults, both men and women are likely to apply them (you can determine your own tendency to unconsciously apply stereotypes on this Harvard University website).
How Does Unconscious Bias Impact The Gender Pay Gap?
Unconscious bias and stereotyping come into play at work when managers are determining which employees to hire and how employees should be compensated. Everything else being equal between a male and female employee, unconscious bias often results in higher pay for the male employee. In one often-repeated methodology for studying gender differences in pay, participants are given a resume to review. Half of the participants have a resume with a woman's name and half have one with a man's name at the top. Otherwise the resumes are identical. Participants are then asked how much they believe the owner of the resume should be paid. Even though the resumes are identical, participants consistently suggest higher salaries for the male candidate.

There are plenty of real-world examples of how this bias plays out. For example, a study of over a million actual transactions on eBay revealed female sellers received about 20% less than male sellers who were selling the exact same brand new items. In other words, people were willing to pay men more for the exact same items. The researchers controlled for everything that might impact the sales price (the reputation of the seller, the number and quality of photos, whether a reserve price had been set and the text describing the product), and the difference between the prices paid to male and female sellers of identical new products was still 19%. Even for $100 gift cards, participants were willing to pay 6.9% more to male sellers than female sellers. The only explanation of why people would be willing to pay male sellers more for these products is unconscious bias. It's the same type of unconscious bias that creeps into determinations of salary and promotion in our workplaces.
Solving The Unconscious Bias Problem
The only way to completely eliminate unconscious bias is to be unaware of a person's gender. While this is difficult in most occupations, it worked fabulously for orchestra auditions. When orchestra auditions became blind to gender (the auditioning musician played from behind a curtain, so as not to reveal his or her gender), a woman's chances of making through the final round of auditions increased by 33 percent. Unfortunately, most organizations want to have the opportunity to chat with prospective candidates, and thus cannot be blind to gender.

Many organizations have adopted unconscious bias training programs in order to alleviate gender bias. The idea is to teach their employees about how this bias seeps into their decision-making. While a noble goal, there are significant problems with this strategy. First, unconscious behavior is incredibly hard to change, because it is, indeed, unconscious. Second, there is evidence that raising awareness of the prevalence of stereotyping can actually increase the use of stereotypes. In other words, the training could backfire and actually make things worse. Fortunately, there are other ways to keep unconscious bias in check.

Because people don't realize they have unconscious bias, outside systems of checks and balances must be in place to keep tabs on pay and promotion. Iceland (ranked first in the world in gender equality) instituted a policy this January where organizations with more than 25 employees must ensure that men and women are being paid the same for the same jobs, and then they must report their findings to the government for certification. If an organization is unconsciously providing more pay raises to men, it will show up on their report. Unfortunately, the Trump administration halted an Obama-era rule that would have forced private employers in this country to reveal salary information to the EEOC. These types of rules create accountability, and would have been a big step in identifying unconscious bias and reducing the gender pay gap.

Fortunately, organizations do not have to wait for government reform. They can assess their own pay structures (although it's best to have an outsider do it) to check for unconscious bias in their pay and promotion structures. Only these checks and balances can eliminate the unconscious bias that keeps women from earning the same pay as their male counterparts.

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Unequal Pay, Unconscious Bias, And What To Do About It

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Today is Equal Pay Day, the day we're supposed to think about why women are still earning about 80 cents for every dollar earned by their male counterparts at work. That's part of the problem. There's been a lot of thinking, but not much action.

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Tuition fees at Ontario universities and colleges will be slashed by 10 per cent under a new framework expected to be released by the Ford government later this week, but the fate of student assistance programs remains unclear.

Domestic students would pay lower fees beginning in September, 2019, under the proposed revisions, and those fees would also be frozen for the 2020-21 school year.

In a document obtained by The Globe, the government said the proposed changes would "keep more money in the pockets of Ontario's students."

The drop in revenue for the institutions will not be made up elsewhere by the government, according to a source who requested anonymity as they were not authorized to speak publicly on the matter.

Merrilee Fullerton, Minister of Training, Colleges and Universities, declined to comment on Tuesday. A spokeswoman for Ms. Fullerton said she would not speculate on what may happen with the Ontario Student Assistance Program (OSAP), which was revised under the previous Liberal government to provide expanded tuition grants for low-income students.

International student fees will not be subject to the cut and would remain unregulated at universities, meaning they could be increased. At colleges, fee increases for international students are capped at 20 per cent a year.

For Ontario's postsecondary institutions, the reduction in tuition fee revenue could have a significant impact on budgets. Universities and colleges have been waiting anxiously to see what policy direction Doug Ford's government would pursue since he made clear his intent to tackle the deficit. The government has yet to indicate what it will do about provincial operating grants and student assistance.

About one-third of university revenues come from tuition. A 10-per-cent cut in Ontario would remove somewhere in the range of $300-million from the university system.

Linda Franklin, president of Colleges Ontario, said the tuition cut would mean about $80-million removed from the college system. She does not know what other policy proposals may yet emerge, but on its face, a 10-per-cent cut is significant.

"It's a huge challenge," Ms. Franklin said.

"Ontario has by far the lowest per-student grant in the country. We have the lowest tuition by about $500 and we have the lowest operating grant by about $1,500, so when you put that together we get about $2,000 per-student less at colleges than the next lowest college system. So it's a pretty big deal."

Ontario universities, similarly, have among the lowest levels of per-student funding in the country, and revenue from tuition and operating grants combined have been flat since 2010, according to the Council of Ontario Universities (COU).

The COU declined to comment on the news Tuesday, saying it would wait for an official announcement.

"Students should remain cautious of reports of a 10-per-cent cut to tuition fees," the Canadian Federation of Students's Ontario chapter said in a tweet. "We are concerned about the intentions of this announcement and whether it will make PSE more affordable."

The government estimates that the fee cut will save the average Ontario university arts and science undergraduate student about $660 on tuition in 2019-2020. A college student would save $340.

In recent years, universities and colleges have turned to foreign students to boost revenues as government funding has stagnated, but it's unlikely they could make up the shortfall caused by the cut to domestic student fees.

The government is expected to formally announce changes to the framework on Thursday.

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Ontario government expected to cut tuition fees for Canadian students by 10 per cent

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Tuition fees at Ontario universities and colleges will be slashed by 10 per cent under a new framework expected to be released by the Ford government later this week, but the fate of student assistance programs remains unclear.

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Jordan Peterson on the BBC - Gender Pay Gap

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Jordan Peterson: Pay gap (if there is one)

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Health Inequalities between urban and rural areas

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Even with The Pro benefits for users its still seen as a negative thing.

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The flowers and leaves of the cannabis plant are used for their ability to cause effects on the mind. It's important to keep in mind that cannabis use does have short and long-term health effects.

What are the short-term effects of cannabis use?

Every time cannabis is used it can:

Impair your ability to drive safely or operate equipment. Cannabis can slow reaction times, lower your ability to pay attention, and harm coordination. Using cannabis and driving can result in a car accident, serious injuries or death.

Make it harder to learn and remember things. After using cannabis, you may have problems paying attention, remembering or learning things, and making decisions. Using cannabis can reduce your ability to perform well on the job or at school.

Affect mood and feelings. Cannabis use can cause anxiety or panic.

Affect mental health. Cannabis can trigger a psychotic episode (not knowing what is real, experiencing paranoia, having disorganized thoughts, and in some cases having hallucinations).

Learn more about the health effects of cannabis.

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The flowers and leaves of the cannabis plant are used for their ability to cause effects on the mind. It's important to keep in mind that cannabis use does have short and long-term health effects. What are the short-term effects of cannabis use?

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2SLGBTQIA+ is an acronym that means:

+ Pansexual
+ Agender
+ Gender Queer
+ Bigender
+ Gender Variant
+ Pangender

You may also hear the terms "Queer Community" or "Rainbow Community" used to describe 2SLGBTQIA+ people. This acronym and the various terms are always evolving so don't try to memorize the list. The most important thing is to be respectful and use the terms that people prefer.

LGBTQ OutLoud Common Terms Video:

LGBTQ OutLoud is a DVD documentary produced by Camino Wellbeing + Mental Health and the Waterloo Region District School Board in 2010.

Virtual Youth Group: Let's Talk: Mental Health

Join us for a virtual youth group!

Waterloo Region Votes - Results of 2SLGBTQIA+ Questionnaire to Municipal Candidates

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These various terms are always evolving so don't try to memorize the list. The most important thing is to be respectful and use the terms that people prefer.

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Trudeau's gender agenda must be more than just talk

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Trudeau's gender agenda must be more than just talk

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https://ottawacitizen.com/opinion/columnists/khan-its-2019-trudeaus-gender-agenda-must-be-more-than-just-talk

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More than three years after Prime Minister Trudeau dropped one of his first Twitter-worthy catchphrases on gender equality, "Because its 2015" has come a long way. Now, in an election year, the Liberal government's promise of promoting gender equality across Canada and the world is at a crossroads.

The stock-taking part is easy. From a gender-equal cabinet to the government's contribution to establish the Partnership for Gender Equality; to the creation of the Department of Women and Gender Equality (formerly Status of Women Canada); to Canada's Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security; not to mention Canada's Feminist International Assistance Policy; there is enough to showcase Canada's untiring dedication to women.

But it's been more talk than anything else, sadly. Even the financial commitment to gender equality has fallen short. The Partnership for Gender Equality, for instance, is a matching grant of $300 million that will only be provided once the private and philanthropic sectors cough up an equal amount. And it largely pertains to work in developing countries, as does the Action Plan on Peace and Security and the Feminist Assistance Policy. Canada's contribution to domestic women's rights is limited to the newly formed department, which still has much to show with its paltry $18-million, three-year funding to projects for domestic women's and Indigenous rights.

Meanwhile, Indigenous women in Canada are still struggling to have access to basic services such as justice, reproductive health and equal employment opportunities - things Canada prides itself on as development exports to less-privileged nations.

In the last few years, the world has actually become much more difficult for women to navigate. The #metoo movement has done more to compound the issues women face than it has done to alleviate them. Globally, the rights record for women in many socially conservative countries has worsened, and more women are facing violent abuse in increasing situations of conflict, such as the Rohingya community.

Within Canada, the spectacular failure of the National Inquiry on Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls has shown that we cannot even navigate our own demons, let alone assist other countries in navigating theirs.

Racial inequality in Canada is also gaining more prominence, as various studies are showing that women of colour and immigrant backgrounds have fewer opportunities available to them than their white Canadian counterparts.

And as the recent asylum of Saudi teen Rahaf Mohammad has shown, the government's stance is more about public image and photo-ops than actually coming to the aid of women who are literally fighting for their lives and the rights of other women as they languish in the prisons of oppressive regimes.

Canada cannot be morally, economically and socially responsible for the world's women in their entirety. But if the conceptual basis of feminism is to be believed, Canada's approach needs to be less about doling out money and more about actually sitting across the table with countries to influence their own commitment to gender equality and women's rights.

But this has always been the hard part. Particularly in the rising tide of economic trade relations on which Canada is heavily dependant, the discussion on rights will always take a back seat. Countries such as China, India and Saudi Arabia, which have some of the worst human rights records in general and amongst women, are ironically exactly those countries Canada is attempting to rely on for its economic benefit. And it is clear that it is navigating those territories with extreme caution.

To be a true champion of women's rights and gender equality, the economic impetus has to take a back seat. It has to be about tightening our financial belts and unleashing our moral beliefs. About standing our ground in the political sphere with other countries. And it has to first be reflected in our own actions among our own communities, before we can take the conversation forward with others.

Why? Because its 2019.

Themrise Khan is an independent consultant, lecturer and writer, specializing in international development, social policy and global migration. She blogs at www.lamehdood.wordpress.com .

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Khan: It's 2019. Trudeau's gender agenda must be more than just talk

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More than three years after Prime Minister Trudeau dropped one of his first Twitter-worthy catchphrases on gender equality, "Because its 2015" has come a long way. Now, in an election year, the Liberal government's promise of promoting gender equality across Canada and the world is at a crossroads.

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The Gender Wage Gap and Equal Pay Day, 2018

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The purpose of this edition is to raise awareness about the gender wage gap. It does so by presenting Equal Pay Day on the date when women effectively start working for free in Canada, and by providing a general overview of women's experiences in the labour market.