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Scholastic Classroom & News Magazines | Subscribe Now!

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With Magazines+, you get fresh, high-interest content delivered all year long-in print, online or both. Every single story, video and activity is designed to hook your students and keep them engaged. And because Magazines+ complements your curriculum, it's easy to implement during any part of the school day!

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Plastic retail bags - the kind you get from your grocer or at the corner store - are being targeted for bans and taxes in communities around the country, regardless of the unintended consequences. Bans and taxes have a negative impact on working families and seniors on fixed incomes, but they don't help the environment in any meaningful way-in fact they can cause bigger problems.

Banning and taxing recyclable, reusable products doesn't make sense, even in the most well-intentioned scenarios. Keep reading to find out why.

Environment
Plastic bags are the most environmentally friendly option at the checkout. Find out the surprising green truth for yourself.

Recycling
Plastic bag recycling is simple and effective, thanks to thousands of recycling drop-off locations across the country.

Jobs and Economy
Bag bans and taxes make trips to the grocery store more expensive, especially for low- and fixed-income families - with no meaningful impact on the environment to back them up. They also threaten thousands of U.S. manufacturing jobs.

Health
Be mindful with your reusable canvas and non-woven bags. Without frequent washing and appropriate storage, reusable bags can harbor dangerous bacteria.

Reuse
Nearly 90% of Americans reuse plastic bags. What do you do with yours?

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Bans and taxes have a negative impact on working families and seniors on fixed incomes, but they don't help the environment in any meaningful way-in fact they can cause bigger problems.

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Explore National Geographic. A world leader in geography, cartography and exploration.

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Take a look at this information!

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Deaths on Mount Everest

DEATHS ON MOUNT EVEREST

Mount Everest, the highest mountain in the world at 29,035 (8,850 meters), is also the highest graveyard on planet earth. Many climbers have died on Mount Everest since 1921 and over 200 of them are still on the mountain. Some are buried in crevasses. Some fell down remote parts of the mountain. Some are buried in snow and ice. Some lie in the open. And some side beside the popular routes up Everest. There is no firm count of the exact number of climbers that have died on Mount Everest, but as of 2012 it is about 235 people. Below, are the top ten in deaths.

Cerebral oedema 5

Exhaustion 7

Altitude Sickness 9

Unknown 22

Fall 48

Avalanche 51

Exposure 25

Disappeared 15

Heart Attack 8

Fall Into a Crevasse

Most Die While Descending

Most climbers die while descending the upper slopes of Mount Everest, often after having reached the summit, in the area above 8,000 meters called the "Death Zone." The high elevation and corresponding lack of oxygen coupled with extreme temperatures and weather conspired to create a greater risk of death than on the mountain's lower slopes.

Death Rate Increased

Since the 1980s, when more climbers began ascending above 8,000 meters than previously, the date rate for climbers who died descending the mountain jumped. On the South Col Route on the Nepalese side of Mount Everest, 2.5 percent of descending climbers died, while on the Northeast Ridge Route in Tibet the number of descending deaths is 3.4 percent.

Death of David Sharp

There are many tragic stories like that of British climbers David Sharp, who sat down under the overhang 1,500 feet below the summit on May 15, 2006 after successfully climbing Mount Everest. He was extremely tired after a long summit day and began freezing in place as he sat there. As many as 40 climbers trudged past him, believing already dead or not wanting to rescue him, on one of the coldest nights that spring. A party passed him at 1 in the morning, saw he was breathing still, but continued on to the summit since they didn't feel they could evacuate him. Sharp continued freezing through the night and the next morning. He had no gloves on. He was undoubtedly hypoxic from lack of oxygen and probably had no idea where he was nor felt any pain.

High-Altitude Cerebral Edema

Along with extreme fatigue, many Everest climbers who die develop symptoms like loss of coordination, confusion, lack of judgement, and they may even slip into unconscious-all symptoms of high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE). HACE often occurs at high elevations when the brain swells from the leakage of cerebral blood vessels. Most Die While Descending Most climbers die while descending the upper slopes of Mount Everest, often after having reached the summit, in the area above 8,000 meters called the "Death Zone." The DEATHS ON MOUNT EVEREST Mount Everest, the highest mountain in the world at 29,035 feet (8,850 meters), is also the highest graveyard on planet earth. Many climbers have died on Mount Everest since 1921 and over 200 of them are still on the mountain. Some are buried in crevass- es. Some fell down remote parts of the mountain. Some are buried in snow and ice. Some lie in the open. And some sit beside the popular routes up Everest. There is no firm count of the exact number of climbers that have died on Mount Everest, but as of 2012 it is about 235 people. Below, are the top ten in deaths. high elevation and corresponding lack of oxygen coupled with extreme temperatures and weather conspire to create a greater risk of death than on the mountain's lower slopes. 51 Death Rate Increased 48 Since the 1980s, when more climbers began ascending above 8,000 meters than previously, the death rate for climbers who died descending the mountain jumped. On the South Col Route on the Nepalese side of Mount Everest, 2.5 percent of descending climbers died, while on the North- east Ridge Route in Tibet the number of descending deaths is 3.4 percent. Death of David Sharp There are many tragic stories like that of British climber David Sharp, who sat down under an overhang 1,500 feet below the summit on May 15, 2006 after successfully climbing Mount Everest. He was extremely tired after a long summit day and began freezing in place as he sat there. As many as 40 climbers trudged past him, believing him al- ready dead or not wanting to rescue him, on one of the coldest nights that spring. A party passed him at 1 in the morning, saw he was breath- ing still, but continued on to the summit since they didn't feel they could evacuate him. Sharp continued freezing through the night and the next morning. He had no gloves on. He was undoubtedly hypoxic from lack of oxygen and probably had no idea where he was nor felt any pain. 22 15 5 High-Altitude Cerebral Edema Along with extreme fatigue, many Everest climbers who die develop symptoms like loss of coordination, confusion, lack of judgment, and they may even slip into uncon- scious-all symptoms of high-altitude cerebral edema (HACE). HACE often occurs at high elevations when the brain swells from the leakage of cere- bral blood vessels. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_people_who_died_climbing_Mount_Everest http://climbing.about.com/od/mountainclimbing/a/Death-On-Mount-Everest.htm © Copyright 2013 Heriberto Ed Hernandez. All rights reserved. Scriptron.com Cerebral oedema Exhaustion Altitude Sickness Unknown Fall Avalanche Exposure 25 Disappeared Heart Attack Fall Into a Crevasse

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DEATHS ON MOUNT EVEREST Mount Everest, the highest mountain in the world at 29,035 (8,850 meters), is also the highest graveyard on planet earth. Many climbers have died on Mount Everest since 1921 and over 200 of them are still on the mountain. Some are buried in crevasses.

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Sherpa Widows to Climb Everest in Honor of Late Husbands

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Two sherpa widows will attempt to scale Mount Everest to complete their husbands' unfinished journeys and inspire others like them

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For many people, reaching the summit of Mount Everest is the ultimate achievement. Still, the challenge of climbing to the top is too much for some.

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Tony Hawk on the Dangers of Extreme Sports

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This country banned plastic bags - should we all do the same? - BBC News

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Sharks or humans... who should be afraid?: Vic Peddemors at TEDxCanberra 2012

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Zoologist explains benefits of orcas captivity

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SeaWorld decides to stop killer whale breeding program

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Animal rights activists welcomed announcement, which would be effective immediately, after years of criticism over theme park's treatment of captive orcas

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There are few places left on the planet where the impact of people has not been felt. We have explored and left our footprint on nearly every corner of the globe. As our population and needs grow, we are leaving less and less room for wildlife.

Wildlife are under threat from many different kinds of human activities, from directly destroying habitat to spreading invasive species and disease. Most ecosystems are facing multiple threats. Each new threat puts additional stress on already weakened ecosystems and their wildlife.

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Threats to Wildlife | National Wildlife Federation

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There are few places left on the planet where the impact of people has not been felt. We have explored and left our footprint on nearly every corner of the globe. As our population and needs grow, we are leaving less and less room for wildlife.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
There are few places left on the planet where the impact of people has not been felt. We have explored and left our footprint on nearly every corner of the globe. As our population and needs grow, we are leaving less and less room for wildlife.

Wildlife are under threat from many different kinds of human activities, from directly destroying habitat to spreading invasive species and disease. Most ecosystems are facing multiple threats. Each new threat puts additional stress on already weakened ecosystems and their wildlife.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Threats to Wildlife | National Wildlife Federation

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
There are few places left on the planet where the impact of people has not been felt. We have explored and left our footprint on nearly every corner of the globe. As our population and needs grow, we are leaving less and less room for wildlife.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
There are few places left on the planet where the impact of people has not been felt. We have explored and left our footprint on nearly every corner of the globe. As our population and needs grow, we are leaving less and less room for wildlife.

Wildlife are under threat from many different kinds of human activities, from directly destroying habitat to spreading invasive species and disease. Most ecosystems are facing multiple threats. Each new threat puts additional stress on already weakened ecosystems and their wildlife.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Threats to Wildlife | National Wildlife Federation

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
There are few places left on the planet where the impact of people has not been felt. We have explored and left our footprint on nearly every corner of the globe. As our population and needs grow, we are leaving less and less room for wildlife.

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Check out Voice of San Diego for more recaps on the debate.

SeaWorld and marine parks profit off keeping orcas and other marine animals in captivity -- despite evidence that captivity not only induces unnatural behaviors in whales, but also endangers trainers. Join us in pledging never to visit SeaWorld or other marine parks until they empty their orca tanks.

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10 Ways An Orca Scientist's Debate With SeaWorld Proved "Blackfish" Right

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Check out Voice of San Diego for more recaps on the debate. SeaWorld and marine parks profit off keeping orcas and other marine animals in captivity -- despite evidence that captivity not only induces unnatural behaviors in whales, but also endangers trainers.

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In 2010, the death of Dawn Brancheau, a trainer at SeaWorld Orlando, focused attention on the entertainment groups' orca (or killer whale) shows. The subsequent release of the documentary Blackfish (2013) detailing captive breeding and training at SeaWorld shifted public perception of dolphin and whale shows from entertainment to something akin to enslavement. SeaWorld was particularly slow to respond to concerns and critiques regarding their orca programming, going from a defensive and defiant group unwilling to do more than expand orca enclosures in 2015 to a more conciliatory announcement that they would stop their orca breeding programme and drastically change the format of their shows in 2016. Despite these changes, the company has continued to lose revenue. SeaWorld posted declining attendance in 2017, down 15 per cent compared with the same quarter in 2016. This drop in attendance resulted in a revenue difference of $33.9 million.

The controversy surrounding Blackfish has driven environmentally conscious consumers away from one of the most active contributors to marine conservation research in the United States. A recent study by PGAV Destinations shows that millennials perceive zoos and aquariums as integral to conservation goals; visiting these spaces is how they show their support. However, patronage is dependent on a belief that these spaces are properly contributing to conservation and animal welfare. The drop in attendance at SeaWorld shows that many millennial visitors are not convinced that the company is actively engaging in decisions that are both good for the environment and for the animals that they keep in captivity. In essence, the controversy surrounding the orca-breeding programme has eclipsed all of SeaWorld's previous and current conservation initiatives.

These reluctant visitors might be surprised to learn that SeaWorld plays an integral role in a whole host of marine conservation initiatives throughout the world. As a for-profit endeavour, the company has the ability to provide both space and funding for a wide array of marine research projects. As their profits fall, their inability to perform these much-needed services threatens the wider marine-science community. If consumers and animal activists truthfully care about the health and wellbeing of marine organisms, they should think about planning a visit to SeaWorld.

All three SeaWorld facilities (San Diego, San Antonio and Orlando) are accredited by the American Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA). There are many aspects of AZA accreditation, but one big hurdle to certification is the requirement that these institutions contribute large amounts of their operating budget to scientific and conservation initiatives.

One way that SeaWorld contributes to both conservation and basic science initiatives is through the Hubbs-SeaWorld Research Institute (HSWRI). Founded in 1963, the HSWRI partners with federal, academic and other aquatic institutions throughout the world to study marine life. SeaWorld provides both funding and space for research. Their continued support for this endeavour has resulted in an abundance of research on everything from embryological development in fishes to the impact of sound on bird migration and nesting habits.

SeaWorld also funds conservation and science through the SeaWorld and Busch Gardens Conservation Fund. One recent group to receive funding is Rising Tide Conservation, a network of institutions dedicated to increasing the number of aquacultured species available on the market. This is a particularly important conservation goal considering the role that the aquarium industry has had in the depletion of fish species. SeaWorld's facilities and researchers provide a steady stream of reproductive material with which other labs can work. In 2015, one of Rising Tide Conservation's lab partners, the Oceanic Institute of Hawaii Pacific University, succeeded in closing the cycle on the yellow tang. Soon after, researchers at the University of Florida's Tropical Aquaculture Laboratory visited Hawaii to learn the techniques used for yellow tang aquaculture. Funded through Rising Tide and SeaWorld, the Florida lab worked closely with the Hawaii lab to culture the blue tang (also known as the Dory fish, after the movie). The labs proved successful in 2016. To date, the programme has successfully cultured more than 20 species.

In addition to funding, SeaWorld also serves as an important space for animal rescue and rehabilitation. When a large marine animal is stranded, it is not easy to find a space big enough for rehabilitation. SeaWorld is one of only three spaces in Florida capable of housing, rehabilitating and releasing stranded manatees. Meanwhile, SeaWorld San Diego is one of only a few institutions that has successfully rehabilitated and released a whale calf. In 1997, they released JJ, a grey whale calf found stranded at three days old. During this process, SeaWorld invited researchers in the scientific community to study the calf and to work with staff in-house to develop a release plan. SeaWorld San Diego rehabilitates between 100-200 animals (on average) each year, and SeaWorld Orlando has more than 30,000 rescues to date. In the event of an animal's death, in-house necropsies provide DNA and materials, which have been used in marine-disease research.

SeaWorld's contributions to marine conservation and science give insights into the role of corporations in these endeavours. They have also grown with the fabric of the marine-science network over the past 50 years, and they rely on and contribute to cutting-edge marine science. SeaWorld cannot survive without acknowledging the role that marine science and conservation play, both in the sustainability of their business, and the importance of those aspects to their clientele.

The pressure placed on the company to stop orca-breeding and circus-like shows has shown that consumers have great power, especially when it comes to steering the endeavours of cultural institutions. SeaWorld's current cetacean management programme looks similar to other major public aquariums. I agree wholeheartedly with the continued efforts of those communities who are working to pressure all marine programmes to treat their cetaceans more respectfully.

But what happens if this pressure sinks the whole ship? As federal budgets for research, and especially conservation research, are threatened, it is time that we acknowledge that corporations have been, and will continue to be, incredibly important for funding these conservation and research efforts. SeaWorld has shown itself to be a partner in a wide range of conservation initiatives.

Perhaps it is time to reevaluate your conservation goals, and revisit SeaWorld.

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Stop boycotting SeaWorld if you care about marine conservation - Samantha Muka | Aeon Ideas

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In 2010, the death of Dawn Brancheau, a trainer at SeaWorld Orlando, focused attention on the entertainment groups' orca (or killer whale) shows. The subsequent release of the documentary Blackfish (2013) detailing captive breeding and training at SeaWorld shifted public perception of dolphin and whale shows from entertainment to something akin to enslavement.

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Partnership with National Fish and Wildlife Foundation

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Partnership with National Fish and Wildlife Foundation

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Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program focuses on the endangered Southern Resident population

Download Photos Here:
https://edelmanftp.box.com/s/5k9p21741uokptdvqzw3ypt9knl8i8a5
Captions for photos at the end of this release

Orlando, Fla. (May 16, 2018) - SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. (NYSE: SEAS) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) today announced an additional commitment of $1.5 million over three years from SeaWorld to the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program ( KWRCP).

The KWRCP is focused on three strategies: increasing prey availability; improving habitat quality; and strengthening management through crucial research. The program is dedicated primarily to providing support to aid in the recovery of the endangered Southern Resident killer whale population found in the coastal waters of Washington State and surrounding areas, known as the Salish Sea.

SeaWorld's prior investment of $1.5 million in the KWRCP, starting in 2015, has helped generate more than $5.1 million of total conservation impact, including investments from program partners Shell Oil Company, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, in addition to matching funds from grantees. The renewal of this public-private partnership is part of SeaWorld's $10 million pledge to fund research and conservation for killer whales in the wild-the largest private commitment of its kind.

"Only through partnerships with conservation-minded public and private organizations can we successfully reverse the decline of this population," said Jeff Trandahl, executive director and CEO, NFWF. "We are pleased with what we have accomplished in just three short years and this renewed commitment from SeaWorld will enable us to continue our work to reduce threats and protect the habitat of this majestic mammal."

Noteworthy projects funded over the past three years include:

​Vancouver Aquarium Marine Science Centre's use of drones to compare health, nutrition and pregnancy differences between the healthier Northern population and the endangered Southern Resident killer whale population;

Restore America's Estuaries' work to increase killer whale prey availability by creating a juvenile rearing habitat for salmon in the Upper Skagit River;

National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Northwest Fisheries Science Center's research on response of killer whale communication and feeding behavior in response to vessel traffic and noise.

"The incredible growth of this important program over the past three years could not have been possible without the invested interests of other private organizations, like Shell, and the dedication of NFWF to advance the understanding and conservation of killer whales," said Judy St. Leger, vice president for research and science, SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. "Coordinated efforts like this are critical to understanding why the endangered Southern Resident population of killer whales in the Salish Sea continues to decline and how strategic investments can aid recovery."

"NOAA appreciates SeaWorld and NFWF's support of conservation and research efforts on killer whales, with an emphasis on one of our Species in the Spotlight - the endangered Southern Resident killer whale," said Donna Wieting, director of NOAA Fisheries Office of Protected Resources. "This important investment is helping to address critical data needs to help us recover this iconic population."

Deputy director of Long Live the Kings, Michael Schmidt, who coordinates the Salish Sea Marine Survival Project-a 60-entity, collaborative cross-boundary research effort on salmon-added, "The funding we received from the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program has been critical to support our research of factors limiting salmon productivity in the Salish Sea marine environment. The insights we are gaining from this research will inform a managers roundtable on how to increase prey availability for Southern Resident killer whales and will also inform the Governor's new Orca Task Force to help guide managers towards the most effective recovery actions."

"We appreciate the continued support for research to better understand the risks to Southern Residents," said Kevin Werner, director of NOAA Fisheries' Northwest Fisheries Science Center, which leads studies on the endangered population. "The insight we gain from this research can help guide NOAA Fisheries and our partners towards the most effective recovery actions."

For more information please visit: https://seaworldentertainment.com/en/media/company-news/2017/seaworld-and-nfwf-renew-partnership ​

###
About SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. About the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation
Chartered by Congress in 1984, the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) protects and restores the nation's fish, wildlife, plants and habitats. Working with federal, corporate and individual partners, NFWF has funded more than 4,500 organizations and committed more than $4.8 billion to conservation projects. Learn more at www.nfwf.org.
SeaWorld Parks & Entertainment™ is a leading theme park and entertainment company providing experiences that matter and inspiring guests to protect animals and the wild wonders of our world. The company is one of the world's foremost zoological organizations and a global leader in animal welfare, behavioral training, husbandry and veterinary care. The company collectively cares for what it believes is one of the largest zoological collections in the world and has helped lead advances in the care of animals. The company also rescues and rehabilitates marine and terrestrial animals that are ill, injured, orphaned or abandoned, with the goal of returning them to the wild. The SeaWorld® rescue team has helped more than 31,000 animals in need over the last 50 years.
Photo Captions:
NFWF Map Infographic:
SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation announce partnership renewal of $1.5 million commitment over three years-part of SeaWorld's larger $10 million commitment over 20 years-through the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program to advance the understanding and conservation of killer whales.

Killer Whale photo:
The endangered Southern Resident killer whale population continues to face threats to its primary food source, habitat and health, with only 76 whales remaining as of December 2017, according to the Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife. SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation hope to reverse this declining trend through the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program, which has amassed a total conservation impact of $5.1 million to date with the help of other investors and grantee matches.

​​​Media Contacts:
SWO.PR@SeaWorld.com
407-363-2280

Rob Blumenthal
rob.blumenthal@nfwf.org
202-857-0166

​​​​​​

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SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation Renew Partnership to Help Endangered Killer Whales in the Wild

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Download Photos Here: https://edelmanftp.box.com/s/5k9p21741uokptdvqzw3ypt9knl8i8a5 Captions for photos at the end of this release Orlando, Fla. (May 16, 2018) - SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. (NYSE: SEAS) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) today announced an additional commitment of $1.5 million over three years from SeaWorld to the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program ( KWRCP).

# data[].attributes.headline
Partnership with National Fish and Wildlife

# data[].attributes.subject
Partnership with National Fish and Wildlife

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program focuses on the endangered Southern Resident population

Download Photos Here:
https://edelmanftp.box.com/s/5k9p21741uokptdvqzw3ypt9knl8i8a5
Captions for photos at the end of this release

Orlando, Fla. (May 16, 2018) - SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. (NYSE: SEAS) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) today announced an additional commitment of $1.5 million over three years from SeaWorld to the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program ( KWRCP).

The KWRCP is focused on three strategies: increasing prey availability; improving habitat quality; and strengthening management through crucial research. The program is dedicated primarily to providing support to aid in the recovery of the endangered Southern Resident killer whale population found in the coastal waters of Washington State and surrounding areas, known as the Salish Sea.

SeaWorld's prior investment of $1.5 million in the KWRCP, starting in 2015, has helped generate more than $5.1 million of total conservation impact, including investments from program partners Shell Oil Company, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, in addition to matching funds from grantees. The renewal of this public-private partnership is part of SeaWorld's $10 million pledge to fund research and conservation for killer whales in the wild-the largest private commitment of its kind.

"Only through partnerships with conservation-minded public and private organizations can we successfully reverse the decline of this population," said Jeff Trandahl, executive director and CEO, NFWF. "We are pleased with what we have accomplished in just three short years and this renewed commitment from SeaWorld will enable us to continue our work to reduce threats and protect the habitat of this majestic mammal."

Noteworthy projects funded over the past three years include:

​Vancouver Aquarium Marine Science Centre's use of drones to compare health, nutrition and pregnancy differences between the healthier Northern population and the endangered Southern Resident killer whale population;

Restore America's Estuaries' work to increase killer whale prey availability by creating a juvenile rearing habitat for salmon in the Upper Skagit River;

National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Northwest Fisheries Science Center's research on response of killer whale communication and feeding behavior in response to vessel traffic and noise.

"The incredible growth of this important program over the past three years could not have been possible without the invested interests of other private organizations, like Shell, and the dedication of NFWF to advance the understanding and conservation of killer whales," said Judy St. Leger, vice president for research and science, SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. "Coordinated efforts like this are critical to understanding why the endangered Southern Resident population of killer whales in the Salish Sea continues to decline and how strategic investments can aid recovery."

"NOAA appreciates SeaWorld and NFWF's support of conservation and research efforts on killer whales, with an emphasis on one of our Species in the Spotlight - the endangered Southern Resident killer whale," said Donna Wieting, director of NOAA Fisheries Office of Protected Resources. "This important investment is helping to address critical data needs to help us recover this iconic population."

Deputy director of Long Live the Kings, Michael Schmidt, who coordinates the Salish Sea Marine Survival Project-a 60-entity, collaborative cross-boundary research effort on salmon-added, "The funding we received from the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program has been critical to support our research of factors limiting salmon productivity in the Salish Sea marine environment. The insights we are gaining from this research will inform a managers roundtable on how to increase prey availability for Southern Resident killer whales and will also inform the Governor's new Orca Task Force to help guide managers towards the most effective recovery actions."

"We appreciate the continued support for research to better understand the risks to Southern Residents," said Kevin Werner, director of NOAA Fisheries' Northwest Fisheries Science Center, which leads studies on the endangered population. "The insight we gain from this research can help guide NOAA Fisheries and our partners towards the most effective recovery actions."

For more information please visit: https://seaworldentertainment.com/en/media/company-news/2017/seaworld-and-nfwf-renew-partnership ​

###
About SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. About the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation
Chartered by Congress in 1984, the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) protects and restores the nation's fish, wildlife, plants and habitats. Working with federal, corporate and individual partners, NFWF has funded more than 4,500 organizations and committed more than $4.8 billion to conservation projects. Learn more at www.nfwf.org.
SeaWorld Parks & Entertainment™ is a leading theme park and entertainment company providing experiences that matter and inspiring guests to protect animals and the wild wonders of our world. The company is one of the world's foremost zoological organizations and a global leader in animal welfare, behavioral training, husbandry and veterinary care. The company collectively cares for what it believes is one of the largest zoological collections in the world and has helped lead advances in the care of animals. The company also rescues and rehabilitates marine and terrestrial animals that are ill, injured, orphaned or abandoned, with the goal of returning them to the wild. The SeaWorld® rescue team has helped more than 31,000 animals in need over the last 50 years.
Photo Captions:
NFWF Map Infographic:
SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation announce partnership renewal of $1.5 million commitment over three years-part of SeaWorld's larger $10 million commitment over 20 years-through the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program to advance the understanding and conservation of killer whales.

Killer Whale photo:
The endangered Southern Resident killer whale population continues to face threats to its primary food source, habitat and health, with only 76 whales remaining as of December 2017, according to the Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife. SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation hope to reverse this declining trend through the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program, which has amassed a total conservation impact of $5.1 million to date with the help of other investors and grantee matches.

​​​Media Contacts:
SWO.PR@SeaWorld.com
407-363-2280

Rob Blumenthal
rob.blumenthal@nfwf.org
202-857-0166

​​​​​​

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation Renew Partnership to Help Endangered Killer Whales in the Wild

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Download Photos Here: https://edelmanftp.box.com/s/5k9p21741uokptdvqzw3ypt9knl8i8a5 Captions for photos at the end of this release Orlando, Fla. (May 16, 2018) - SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. (NYSE: SEAS) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) today announced an additional commitment of $1.5 million over three years from SeaWorld to the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program ( KWRCP).

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program focuses on the endangered Southern Resident population

Download Photos Here:
https://edelmanftp.box.com/s/5k9p21741uokptdvqzw3ypt9knl8i8a5
Captions for photos at the end of this release

Orlando, Fla. (May 16, 2018) - SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. (NYSE: SEAS) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) today announced an additional commitment of $1.5 million over three years from SeaWorld to the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program ( KWRCP).

The KWRCP is focused on three strategies: increasing prey availability; improving habitat quality; and strengthening management through crucial research. The program is dedicated primarily to providing support to aid in the recovery of the endangered Southern Resident killer whale population found in the coastal waters of Washington State and surrounding areas, known as the Salish Sea.

SeaWorld's prior investment of $1.5 million in the KWRCP, starting in 2015, has helped generate more than $5.1 million of total conservation impact, including investments from program partners Shell Oil Company, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, in addition to matching funds from grantees. The renewal of this public-private partnership is part of SeaWorld's $10 million pledge to fund research and conservation for killer whales in the wild-the largest private commitment of its kind.

"Only through partnerships with conservation-minded public and private organizations can we successfully reverse the decline of this population," said Jeff Trandahl, executive director and CEO, NFWF. "We are pleased with what we have accomplished in just three short years and this renewed commitment from SeaWorld will enable us to continue our work to reduce threats and protect the habitat of this majestic mammal."

Noteworthy projects funded over the past three years include:

​Vancouver Aquarium Marine Science Centre's use of drones to compare health, nutrition and pregnancy differences between the healthier Northern population and the endangered Southern Resident killer whale population;

Restore America's Estuaries' work to increase killer whale prey availability by creating a juvenile rearing habitat for salmon in the Upper Skagit River;

National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Northwest Fisheries Science Center's research on response of killer whale communication and feeding behavior in response to vessel traffic and noise.

"The incredible growth of this important program over the past three years could not have been possible without the invested interests of other private organizations, like Shell, and the dedication of NFWF to advance the understanding and conservation of killer whales," said Judy St. Leger, vice president for research and science, SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. "Coordinated efforts like this are critical to understanding why the endangered Southern Resident population of killer whales in the Salish Sea continues to decline and how strategic investments can aid recovery."

"NOAA appreciates SeaWorld and NFWF's support of conservation and research efforts on killer whales, with an emphasis on one of our Species in the Spotlight - the endangered Southern Resident killer whale," said Donna Wieting, director of NOAA Fisheries Office of Protected Resources. "This important investment is helping to address critical data needs to help us recover this iconic population."

Deputy director of Long Live the Kings, Michael Schmidt, who coordinates the Salish Sea Marine Survival Project-a 60-entity, collaborative cross-boundary research effort on salmon-added, "The funding we received from the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program has been critical to support our research of factors limiting salmon productivity in the Salish Sea marine environment. The insights we are gaining from this research will inform a managers roundtable on how to increase prey availability for Southern Resident killer whales and will also inform the Governor's new Orca Task Force to help guide managers towards the most effective recovery actions."

"We appreciate the continued support for research to better understand the risks to Southern Residents," said Kevin Werner, director of NOAA Fisheries' Northwest Fisheries Science Center, which leads studies on the endangered population. "The insight we gain from this research can help guide NOAA Fisheries and our partners towards the most effective recovery actions."

For more information please visit: https://seaworldentertainment.com/en/media/company-news/2017/seaworld-and-nfwf-renew-partnership ​

###
About SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. About the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation
Chartered by Congress in 1984, the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) protects and restores the nation's fish, wildlife, plants and habitats. Working with federal, corporate and individual partners, NFWF has funded more than 4,500 organizations and committed more than $4.8 billion to conservation projects. Learn more at www.nfwf.org.
SeaWorld Parks & Entertainment™ is a leading theme park and entertainment company providing experiences that matter and inspiring guests to protect animals and the wild wonders of our world. The company is one of the world's foremost zoological organizations and a global leader in animal welfare, behavioral training, husbandry and veterinary care. The company collectively cares for what it believes is one of the largest zoological collections in the world and has helped lead advances in the care of animals. The company also rescues and rehabilitates marine and terrestrial animals that are ill, injured, orphaned or abandoned, with the goal of returning them to the wild. The SeaWorld® rescue team has helped more than 31,000 animals in need over the last 50 years.
Photo Captions:
NFWF Map Infographic:
SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation announce partnership renewal of $1.5 million commitment over three years-part of SeaWorld's larger $10 million commitment over 20 years-through the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program to advance the understanding and conservation of killer whales.

Killer Whale photo:
The endangered Southern Resident killer whale population continues to face threats to its primary food source, habitat and health, with only 76 whales remaining as of December 2017, according to the Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife. SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation hope to reverse this declining trend through the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program, which has amassed a total conservation impact of $5.1 million to date with the help of other investors and grantee matches.

​​​Media Contacts:
SWO.PR@SeaWorld.com
407-363-2280

Rob Blumenthal
rob.blumenthal@nfwf.org
202-857-0166

​​​​​​

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation Renew Partnership to Help Endangered Killer Whales in the Wild

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Download Photos Here: https://edelmanftp.box.com/s/5k9p21741uokptdvqzw3ypt9knl8i8a5 Captions for photos at the end of this release Orlando, Fla. (May 16, 2018) - SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. (NYSE: SEAS) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) today announced an additional commitment of $1.5 million over three years from SeaWorld to the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program ( KWRCP).

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program focuses on the endangered Southern Resident population

Download Photos Here:
https://edelmanftp.box.com/s/5k9p21741uokptdvqzw3ypt9knl8i8a5
Captions for photos at the end of this release

Orlando, Fla. (May 16, 2018) - SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. (NYSE: SEAS) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) today announced an additional commitment of $1.5 million over three years from SeaWorld to the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program ( KWRCP).

The KWRCP is focused on three strategies: increasing prey availability; improving habitat quality; and strengthening management through crucial research. The program is dedicated primarily to providing support to aid in the recovery of the endangered Southern Resident killer whale population found in the coastal waters of Washington State and surrounding areas, known as the Salish Sea.

SeaWorld's prior investment of $1.5 million in the KWRCP, starting in 2015, has helped generate more than $5.1 million of total conservation impact, including investments from program partners Shell Oil Company, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, in addition to matching funds from grantees. The renewal of this public-private partnership is part of SeaWorld's $10 million pledge to fund research and conservation for killer whales in the wild-the largest private commitment of its kind.

"Only through partnerships with conservation-minded public and private organizations can we successfully reverse the decline of this population," said Jeff Trandahl, executive director and CEO, NFWF. "We are pleased with what we have accomplished in just three short years and this renewed commitment from SeaWorld will enable us to continue our work to reduce threats and protect the habitat of this majestic mammal."

Noteworthy projects funded over the past three years include:

​Vancouver Aquarium Marine Science Centre's use of drones to compare health, nutrition and pregnancy differences between the healthier Northern population and the endangered Southern Resident killer whale population;

Restore America's Estuaries' work to increase killer whale prey availability by creating a juvenile rearing habitat for salmon in the Upper Skagit River;

National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Northwest Fisheries Science Center's research on response of killer whale communication and feeding behavior in response to vessel traffic and noise.

"The incredible growth of this important program over the past three years could not have been possible without the invested interests of other private organizations, like Shell, and the dedication of NFWF to advance the understanding and conservation of killer whales," said Judy St. Leger, vice president for research and science, SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. "Coordinated efforts like this are critical to understanding why the endangered Southern Resident population of killer whales in the Salish Sea continues to decline and how strategic investments can aid recovery."

"NOAA appreciates SeaWorld and NFWF's support of conservation and research efforts on killer whales, with an emphasis on one of our Species in the Spotlight - the endangered Southern Resident killer whale," said Donna Wieting, director of NOAA Fisheries Office of Protected Resources. "This important investment is helping to address critical data needs to help us recover this iconic population."

Deputy director of Long Live the Kings, Michael Schmidt, who coordinates the Salish Sea Marine Survival Project-a 60-entity, collaborative cross-boundary research effort on salmon-added, "The funding we received from the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program has been critical to support our research of factors limiting salmon productivity in the Salish Sea marine environment. The insights we are gaining from this research will inform a managers roundtable on how to increase prey availability for Southern Resident killer whales and will also inform the Governor's new Orca Task Force to help guide managers towards the most effective recovery actions."

"We appreciate the continued support for research to better understand the risks to Southern Residents," said Kevin Werner, director of NOAA Fisheries' Northwest Fisheries Science Center, which leads studies on the endangered population. "The insight we gain from this research can help guide NOAA Fisheries and our partners towards the most effective recovery actions."

For more information please visit: https://seaworldentertainment.com/en/media/company-news/2017/seaworld-and-nfwf-renew-partnership ​

###
About SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. About the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation
Chartered by Congress in 1984, the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) protects and restores the nation's fish, wildlife, plants and habitats. Working with federal, corporate and individual partners, NFWF has funded more than 4,500 organizations and committed more than $4.8 billion to conservation projects. Learn more at www.nfwf.org.
SeaWorld Parks & Entertainment™ is a leading theme park and entertainment company providing experiences that matter and inspiring guests to protect animals and the wild wonders of our world. The company is one of the world's foremost zoological organizations and a global leader in animal welfare, behavioral training, husbandry and veterinary care. The company collectively cares for what it believes is one of the largest zoological collections in the world and has helped lead advances in the care of animals. The company also rescues and rehabilitates marine and terrestrial animals that are ill, injured, orphaned or abandoned, with the goal of returning them to the wild. The SeaWorld® rescue team has helped more than 31,000 animals in need over the last 50 years.
Photo Captions:
NFWF Map Infographic:
SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation announce partnership renewal of $1.5 million commitment over three years-part of SeaWorld's larger $10 million commitment over 20 years-through the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program to advance the understanding and conservation of killer whales.

Killer Whale photo:
The endangered Southern Resident killer whale population continues to face threats to its primary food source, habitat and health, with only 76 whales remaining as of December 2017, according to the Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife. SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation hope to reverse this declining trend through the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program, which has amassed a total conservation impact of $5.1 million to date with the help of other investors and grantee matches.

​​​Media Contacts:
SWO.PR@SeaWorld.com
407-363-2280

Rob Blumenthal
rob.blumenthal@nfwf.org
202-857-0166

​​​​​​

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation Renew Partnership to Help Endangered Killer Whales in the Wild

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Download Photos Here: https://edelmanftp.box.com/s/5k9p21741uokptdvqzw3ypt9knl8i8a5 Captions for photos at the end of this release Orlando, Fla. (May 16, 2018) - SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. (NYSE: SEAS) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) today announced an additional commitment of $1.5 million over three years from SeaWorld to the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program ( KWRCP).

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program focuses on the endangered Southern Resident population

Download Photos Here:
https://edelmanftp.box.com/s/5k9p21741uokptdvqzw3ypt9knl8i8a5
Captions for photos at the end of this release

Orlando, Fla. (May 16, 2018) - SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. (NYSE: SEAS) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) today announced an additional commitment of $1.5 million over three years from SeaWorld to the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program ( KWRCP).

The KWRCP is focused on three strategies: increasing prey availability; improving habitat quality; and strengthening management through crucial research. The program is dedicated primarily to providing support to aid in the recovery of the endangered Southern Resident killer whale population found in the coastal waters of Washington State and surrounding areas, known as the Salish Sea.

SeaWorld's prior investment of $1.5 million in the KWRCP, starting in 2015, has helped generate more than $5.1 million of total conservation impact, including investments from program partners Shell Oil Company, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, in addition to matching funds from grantees. The renewal of this public-private partnership is part of SeaWorld's $10 million pledge to fund research and conservation for killer whales in the wild-the largest private commitment of its kind.

"Only through partnerships with conservation-minded public and private organizations can we successfully reverse the decline of this population," said Jeff Trandahl, executive director and CEO, NFWF. "We are pleased with what we have accomplished in just three short years and this renewed commitment from SeaWorld will enable us to continue our work to reduce threats and protect the habitat of this majestic mammal."

Noteworthy projects funded over the past three years include:

​Vancouver Aquarium Marine Science Centre's use of drones to compare health, nutrition and pregnancy differences between the healthier Northern population and the endangered Southern Resident killer whale population;

Restore America's Estuaries' work to increase killer whale prey availability by creating a juvenile rearing habitat for salmon in the Upper Skagit River;

National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Northwest Fisheries Science Center's research on response of killer whale communication and feeding behavior in response to vessel traffic and noise.

"The incredible growth of this important program over the past three years could not have been possible without the invested interests of other private organizations, like Shell, and the dedication of NFWF to advance the understanding and conservation of killer whales," said Judy St. Leger, vice president for research and science, SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. "Coordinated efforts like this are critical to understanding why the endangered Southern Resident population of killer whales in the Salish Sea continues to decline and how strategic investments can aid recovery."

"NOAA appreciates SeaWorld and NFWF's support of conservation and research efforts on killer whales, with an emphasis on one of our Species in the Spotlight - the endangered Southern Resident killer whale," said Donna Wieting, director of NOAA Fisheries Office of Protected Resources. "This important investment is helping to address critical data needs to help us recover this iconic population."

Deputy director of Long Live the Kings, Michael Schmidt, who coordinates the Salish Sea Marine Survival Project-a 60-entity, collaborative cross-boundary research effort on salmon-added, "The funding we received from the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program has been critical to support our research of factors limiting salmon productivity in the Salish Sea marine environment. The insights we are gaining from this research will inform a managers roundtable on how to increase prey availability for Southern Resident killer whales and will also inform the Governor's new Orca Task Force to help guide managers towards the most effective recovery actions."

"We appreciate the continued support for research to better understand the risks to Southern Residents," said Kevin Werner, director of NOAA Fisheries' Northwest Fisheries Science Center, which leads studies on the endangered population. "The insight we gain from this research can help guide NOAA Fisheries and our partners towards the most effective recovery actions."

For more information please visit: https://seaworldentertainment.com/en/media/company-news/2017/seaworld-and-nfwf-renew-partnership ​

###
About SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. About the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation
Chartered by Congress in 1984, the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) protects and restores the nation's fish, wildlife, plants and habitats. Working with federal, corporate and individual partners, NFWF has funded more than 4,500 organizations and committed more than $4.8 billion to conservation projects. Learn more at www.nfwf.org.
SeaWorld Parks & Entertainment™ is a leading theme park and entertainment company providing experiences that matter and inspiring guests to protect animals and the wild wonders of our world. The company is one of the world's foremost zoological organizations and a global leader in animal welfare, behavioral training, husbandry and veterinary care. The company collectively cares for what it believes is one of the largest zoological collections in the world and has helped lead advances in the care of animals. The company also rescues and rehabilitates marine and terrestrial animals that are ill, injured, orphaned or abandoned, with the goal of returning them to the wild. The SeaWorld® rescue team has helped more than 31,000 animals in need over the last 50 years.
Photo Captions:
NFWF Map Infographic:
SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation announce partnership renewal of $1.5 million commitment over three years-part of SeaWorld's larger $10 million commitment over 20 years-through the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program to advance the understanding and conservation of killer whales.

Killer Whale photo:
The endangered Southern Resident killer whale population continues to face threats to its primary food source, habitat and health, with only 76 whales remaining as of December 2017, according to the Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife. SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation hope to reverse this declining trend through the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program, which has amassed a total conservation impact of $5.1 million to date with the help of other investors and grantee matches.

​​​Media Contacts:
SWO.PR@SeaWorld.com
407-363-2280

Rob Blumenthal
rob.blumenthal@nfwf.org
202-857-0166

​​​​​​

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation Renew Partnership to Help Endangered Killer Whales in the Wild

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Download Photos Here: https://edelmanftp.box.com/s/5k9p21741uokptdvqzw3ypt9knl8i8a5 Captions for photos at the end of this release Orlando, Fla. (May 16, 2018) - SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. (NYSE: SEAS) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) today announced an additional commitment of $1.5 million over three years from SeaWorld to the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program ( KWRCP).

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program focuses on the endangered Southern Resident population

Download Photos Here:
https://edelmanftp.box.com/s/5k9p21741uokptdvqzw3ypt9knl8i8a5
Captions for photos at the end of this release

Orlando, Fla. (May 16, 2018) - SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. (NYSE: SEAS) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) today announced an additional commitment of $1.5 million over three years from SeaWorld to the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program ( KWRCP).

The KWRCP is focused on three strategies: increasing prey availability; improving habitat quality; and strengthening management through crucial research. The program is dedicated primarily to providing support to aid in the recovery of the endangered Southern Resident killer whale population found in the coastal waters of Washington State and surrounding areas, known as the Salish Sea.

SeaWorld's prior investment of $1.5 million in the KWRCP, starting in 2015, has helped generate more than $5.1 million of total conservation impact, including investments from program partners Shell Oil Company, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, in addition to matching funds from grantees. The renewal of this public-private partnership is part of SeaWorld's $10 million pledge to fund research and conservation for killer whales in the wild-the largest private commitment of its kind.

"Only through partnerships with conservation-minded public and private organizations can we successfully reverse the decline of this population," said Jeff Trandahl, executive director and CEO, NFWF. "We are pleased with what we have accomplished in just three short years and this renewed commitment from SeaWorld will enable us to continue our work to reduce threats and protect the habitat of this majestic mammal."

Noteworthy projects funded over the past three years include:

​Vancouver Aquarium Marine Science Centre's use of drones to compare health, nutrition and pregnancy differences between the healthier Northern population and the endangered Southern Resident killer whale population;

Restore America's Estuaries' work to increase killer whale prey availability by creating a juvenile rearing habitat for salmon in the Upper Skagit River;

National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Northwest Fisheries Science Center's research on response of killer whale communication and feeding behavior in response to vessel traffic and noise.

"The incredible growth of this important program over the past three years could not have been possible without the invested interests of other private organizations, like Shell, and the dedication of NFWF to advance the understanding and conservation of killer whales," said Judy St. Leger, vice president for research and science, SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. "Coordinated efforts like this are critical to understanding why the endangered Southern Resident population of killer whales in the Salish Sea continues to decline and how strategic investments can aid recovery."

"NOAA appreciates SeaWorld and NFWF's support of conservation and research efforts on killer whales, with an emphasis on one of our Species in the Spotlight - the endangered Southern Resident killer whale," said Donna Wieting, director of NOAA Fisheries Office of Protected Resources. "This important investment is helping to address critical data needs to help us recover this iconic population."

Deputy director of Long Live the Kings, Michael Schmidt, who coordinates the Salish Sea Marine Survival Project-a 60-entity, collaborative cross-boundary research effort on salmon-added, "The funding we received from the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program has been critical to support our research of factors limiting salmon productivity in the Salish Sea marine environment. The insights we are gaining from this research will inform a managers roundtable on how to increase prey availability for Southern Resident killer whales and will also inform the Governor's new Orca Task Force to help guide managers towards the most effective recovery actions."

"We appreciate the continued support for research to better understand the risks to Southern Residents," said Kevin Werner, director of NOAA Fisheries' Northwest Fisheries Science Center, which leads studies on the endangered population. "The insight we gain from this research can help guide NOAA Fisheries and our partners towards the most effective recovery actions."

For more information please visit: https://seaworldentertainment.com/en/media/company-news/2017/seaworld-and-nfwf-renew-partnership ​

###
About SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. About the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation
Chartered by Congress in 1984, the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) protects and restores the nation's fish, wildlife, plants and habitats. Working with federal, corporate and individual partners, NFWF has funded more than 4,500 organizations and committed more than $4.8 billion to conservation projects. Learn more at www.nfwf.org.
SeaWorld Parks & Entertainment™ is a leading theme park and entertainment company providing experiences that matter and inspiring guests to protect animals and the wild wonders of our world. The company is one of the world's foremost zoological organizations and a global leader in animal welfare, behavioral training, husbandry and veterinary care. The company collectively cares for what it believes is one of the largest zoological collections in the world and has helped lead advances in the care of animals. The company also rescues and rehabilitates marine and terrestrial animals that are ill, injured, orphaned or abandoned, with the goal of returning them to the wild. The SeaWorld® rescue team has helped more than 31,000 animals in need over the last 50 years.
Photo Captions:
NFWF Map Infographic:
SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation announce partnership renewal of $1.5 million commitment over three years-part of SeaWorld's larger $10 million commitment over 20 years-through the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program to advance the understanding and conservation of killer whales.

Killer Whale photo:
The endangered Southern Resident killer whale population continues to face threats to its primary food source, habitat and health, with only 76 whales remaining as of December 2017, according to the Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife. SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation hope to reverse this declining trend through the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program, which has amassed a total conservation impact of $5.1 million to date with the help of other investors and grantee matches.

​​​Media Contacts:
SWO.PR@SeaWorld.com
407-363-2280

Rob Blumenthal
rob.blumenthal@nfwf.org
202-857-0166

​​​​​​

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation Renew Partnership to Help Endangered Killer Whales in the Wild

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Download Photos Here: https://edelmanftp.box.com/s/5k9p21741uokptdvqzw3ypt9knl8i8a5 Captions for photos at the end of this release Orlando, Fla. (May 16, 2018) - SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. (NYSE: SEAS) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) today announced an additional commitment of $1.5 million over three years from SeaWorld to the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program ( KWRCP).

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program focuses on the endangered Southern Resident population

Download Photos Here:
https://edelmanftp.box.com/s/5k9p21741uokptdvqzw3ypt9knl8i8a5
Captions for photos at the end of this release

Orlando, Fla. (May 16, 2018) - SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. (NYSE: SEAS) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) today announced an additional commitment of $1.5 million over three years from SeaWorld to the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program ( KWRCP).

The KWRCP is focused on three strategies: increasing prey availability; improving habitat quality; and strengthening management through crucial research. The program is dedicated primarily to providing support to aid in the recovery of the endangered Southern Resident killer whale population found in the coastal waters of Washington State and surrounding areas, known as the Salish Sea.

SeaWorld's prior investment of $1.5 million in the KWRCP, starting in 2015, has helped generate more than $5.1 million of total conservation impact, including investments from program partners Shell Oil Company, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, in addition to matching funds from grantees. The renewal of this public-private partnership is part of SeaWorld's $10 million pledge to fund research and conservation for killer whales in the wild-the largest private commitment of its kind.

"Only through partnerships with conservation-minded public and private organizations can we successfully reverse the decline of this population," said Jeff Trandahl, executive director and CEO, NFWF. "We are pleased with what we have accomplished in just three short years and this renewed commitment from SeaWorld will enable us to continue our work to reduce threats and protect the habitat of this majestic mammal."

Noteworthy projects funded over the past three years include:

​Vancouver Aquarium Marine Science Centre's use of drones to compare health, nutrition and pregnancy differences between the healthier Northern population and the endangered Southern Resident killer whale population;

Restore America's Estuaries' work to increase killer whale prey availability by creating a juvenile rearing habitat for salmon in the Upper Skagit River;

National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Northwest Fisheries Science Center's research on response of killer whale communication and feeding behavior in response to vessel traffic and noise.

"The incredible growth of this important program over the past three years could not have been possible without the invested interests of other private organizations, like Shell, and the dedication of NFWF to advance the understanding and conservation of killer whales," said Judy St. Leger, vice president for research and science, SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. "Coordinated efforts like this are critical to understanding why the endangered Southern Resident population of killer whales in the Salish Sea continues to decline and how strategic investments can aid recovery."

"NOAA appreciates SeaWorld and NFWF's support of conservation and research efforts on killer whales, with an emphasis on one of our Species in the Spotlight - the endangered Southern Resident killer whale," said Donna Wieting, director of NOAA Fisheries Office of Protected Resources. "This important investment is helping to address critical data needs to help us recover this iconic population."

Deputy director of Long Live the Kings, Michael Schmidt, who coordinates the Salish Sea Marine Survival Project-a 60-entity, collaborative cross-boundary research effort on salmon-added, "The funding we received from the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program has been critical to support our research of factors limiting salmon productivity in the Salish Sea marine environment. The insights we are gaining from this research will inform a managers roundtable on how to increase prey availability for Southern Resident killer whales and will also inform the Governor's new Orca Task Force to help guide managers towards the most effective recovery actions."

"We appreciate the continued support for research to better understand the risks to Southern Residents," said Kevin Werner, director of NOAA Fisheries' Northwest Fisheries Science Center, which leads studies on the endangered population. "The insight we gain from this research can help guide NOAA Fisheries and our partners towards the most effective recovery actions."

For more information please visit: https://seaworldentertainment.com/en/media/company-news/2017/seaworld-and-nfwf-renew-partnership ​

###
About SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. About the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation
Chartered by Congress in 1984, the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) protects and restores the nation's fish, wildlife, plants and habitats. Working with federal, corporate and individual partners, NFWF has funded more than 4,500 organizations and committed more than $4.8 billion to conservation projects. Learn more at www.nfwf.org.
SeaWorld Parks & Entertainment™ is a leading theme park and entertainment company providing experiences that matter and inspiring guests to protect animals and the wild wonders of our world. The company is one of the world's foremost zoological organizations and a global leader in animal welfare, behavioral training, husbandry and veterinary care. The company collectively cares for what it believes is one of the largest zoological collections in the world and has helped lead advances in the care of animals. The company also rescues and rehabilitates marine and terrestrial animals that are ill, injured, orphaned or abandoned, with the goal of returning them to the wild. The SeaWorld® rescue team has helped more than 31,000 animals in need over the last 50 years.
Photo Captions:
NFWF Map Infographic:
SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation announce partnership renewal of $1.5 million commitment over three years-part of SeaWorld's larger $10 million commitment over 20 years-through the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program to advance the understanding and conservation of killer whales.

Killer Whale photo:
The endangered Southern Resident killer whale population continues to face threats to its primary food source, habitat and health, with only 76 whales remaining as of December 2017, according to the Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife. SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation hope to reverse this declining trend through the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program, which has amassed a total conservation impact of $5.1 million to date with the help of other investors and grantee matches.

​​​Media Contacts:
SWO.PR@SeaWorld.com
407-363-2280

Rob Blumenthal
rob.blumenthal@nfwf.org
202-857-0166

​​​​​​

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation Renew Partnership to Help Endangered Killer Whales in the Wild

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Download Photos Here: https://edelmanftp.box.com/s/5k9p21741uokptdvqzw3ypt9knl8i8a5 Captions for photos at the end of this release Orlando, Fla. (May 16, 2018) - SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. (NYSE: SEAS) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) today announced an additional commitment of $1.5 million over three years from SeaWorld to the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program ( KWRCP).

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program focuses on the endangered Southern Resident population

Download Photos Here:
https://edelmanftp.box.com/s/5k9p21741uokptdvqzw3ypt9knl8i8a5
Captions for photos at the end of this release

Orlando, Fla. (May 16, 2018) - SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. (NYSE: SEAS) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) today announced an additional commitment of $1.5 million over three years from SeaWorld to the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program ( KWRCP).

The KWRCP is focused on three strategies: increasing prey availability; improving habitat quality; and strengthening management through crucial research. The program is dedicated primarily to providing support to aid in the recovery of the endangered Southern Resident killer whale population found in the coastal waters of Washington State and surrounding areas, known as the Salish Sea.

SeaWorld's prior investment of $1.5 million in the KWRCP, starting in 2015, has helped generate more than $5.1 million of total conservation impact, including investments from program partners Shell Oil Company, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, in addition to matching funds from grantees. The renewal of this public-private partnership is part of SeaWorld's $10 million pledge to fund research and conservation for killer whales in the wild-the largest private commitment of its kind.

"Only through partnerships with conservation-minded public and private organizations can we successfully reverse the decline of this population," said Jeff Trandahl, executive director and CEO, NFWF. "We are pleased with what we have accomplished in just three short years and this renewed commitment from SeaWorld will enable us to continue our work to reduce threats and protect the habitat of this majestic mammal."

Noteworthy projects funded over the past three years include:

​Vancouver Aquarium Marine Science Centre's use of drones to compare health, nutrition and pregnancy differences between the healthier Northern population and the endangered Southern Resident killer whale population;

Restore America's Estuaries' work to increase killer whale prey availability by creating a juvenile rearing habitat for salmon in the Upper Skagit River;

National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Northwest Fisheries Science Center's research on response of killer whale communication and feeding behavior in response to vessel traffic and noise.

"The incredible growth of this important program over the past three years could not have been possible without the invested interests of other private organizations, like Shell, and the dedication of NFWF to advance the understanding and conservation of killer whales," said Judy St. Leger, vice president for research and science, SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. "Coordinated efforts like this are critical to understanding why the endangered Southern Resident population of killer whales in the Salish Sea continues to decline and how strategic investments can aid recovery."

"NOAA appreciates SeaWorld and NFWF's support of conservation and research efforts on killer whales, with an emphasis on one of our Species in the Spotlight - the endangered Southern Resident killer whale," said Donna Wieting, director of NOAA Fisheries Office of Protected Resources. "This important investment is helping to address critical data needs to help us recover this iconic population."

Deputy director of Long Live the Kings, Michael Schmidt, who coordinates the Salish Sea Marine Survival Project-a 60-entity, collaborative cross-boundary research effort on salmon-added, "The funding we received from the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program has been critical to support our research of factors limiting salmon productivity in the Salish Sea marine environment. The insights we are gaining from this research will inform a managers roundtable on how to increase prey availability for Southern Resident killer whales and will also inform the Governor's new Orca Task Force to help guide managers towards the most effective recovery actions."

"We appreciate the continued support for research to better understand the risks to Southern Residents," said Kevin Werner, director of NOAA Fisheries' Northwest Fisheries Science Center, which leads studies on the endangered population. "The insight we gain from this research can help guide NOAA Fisheries and our partners towards the most effective recovery actions."

For more information please visit: https://seaworldentertainment.com/en/media/company-news/2017/seaworld-and-nfwf-renew-partnership ​

###
About SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. About the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation
Chartered by Congress in 1984, the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) protects and restores the nation's fish, wildlife, plants and habitats. Working with federal, corporate and individual partners, NFWF has funded more than 4,500 organizations and committed more than $4.8 billion to conservation projects. Learn more at www.nfwf.org.
SeaWorld Parks & Entertainment™ is a leading theme park and entertainment company providing experiences that matter and inspiring guests to protect animals and the wild wonders of our world. The company is one of the world's foremost zoological organizations and a global leader in animal welfare, behavioral training, husbandry and veterinary care. The company collectively cares for what it believes is one of the largest zoological collections in the world and has helped lead advances in the care of animals. The company also rescues and rehabilitates marine and terrestrial animals that are ill, injured, orphaned or abandoned, with the goal of returning them to the wild. The SeaWorld® rescue team has helped more than 31,000 animals in need over the last 50 years.
Photo Captions:
NFWF Map Infographic:
SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation announce partnership renewal of $1.5 million commitment over three years-part of SeaWorld's larger $10 million commitment over 20 years-through the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program to advance the understanding and conservation of killer whales.

Killer Whale photo:
The endangered Southern Resident killer whale population continues to face threats to its primary food source, habitat and health, with only 76 whales remaining as of December 2017, according to the Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife. SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation hope to reverse this declining trend through the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program, which has amassed a total conservation impact of $5.1 million to date with the help of other investors and grantee matches.

​​​Media Contacts:
SWO.PR@SeaWorld.com
407-363-2280

Rob Blumenthal
rob.blumenthal@nfwf.org
202-857-0166

​​​​​​

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation Renew Partnership to Help Endangered Killer Whales in the Wild

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Download Photos Here: https://edelmanftp.box.com/s/5k9p21741uokptdvqzw3ypt9knl8i8a5 Captions for photos at the end of this release Orlando, Fla. (May 16, 2018) - SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. (NYSE: SEAS) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) today announced an additional commitment of $1.5 million over three years from SeaWorld to the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program ( KWRCP).

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Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program focuses on the endangered Southern Resident population

Download Photos Here:
https://edelmanftp.box.com/s/5k9p21741uokptdvqzw3ypt9knl8i8a5
Captions for photos at the end of this release

Orlando, Fla. (May 16, 2018) - SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. (NYSE: SEAS) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) today announced an additional commitment of $1.5 million over three years from SeaWorld to the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program ( KWRCP).

The KWRCP is focused on three strategies: increasing prey availability; improving habitat quality; and strengthening management through crucial research. The program is dedicated primarily to providing support to aid in the recovery of the endangered Southern Resident killer whale population found in the coastal waters of Washington State and surrounding areas, known as the Salish Sea.

SeaWorld's prior investment of $1.5 million in the KWRCP, starting in 2015, has helped generate more than $5.1 million of total conservation impact, including investments from program partners Shell Oil Company, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, in addition to matching funds from grantees. The renewal of this public-private partnership is part of SeaWorld's $10 million pledge to fund research and conservation for killer whales in the wild-the largest private commitment of its kind.

"Only through partnerships with conservation-minded public and private organizations can we successfully reverse the decline of this population," said Jeff Trandahl, executive director and CEO, NFWF. "We are pleased with what we have accomplished in just three short years and this renewed commitment from SeaWorld will enable us to continue our work to reduce threats and protect the habitat of this majestic mammal."

Noteworthy projects funded over the past three years include:

​Vancouver Aquarium Marine Science Centre's use of drones to compare health, nutrition and pregnancy differences between the healthier Northern population and the endangered Southern Resident killer whale population;

Restore America's Estuaries' work to increase killer whale prey availability by creating a juvenile rearing habitat for salmon in the Upper Skagit River;

National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) Northwest Fisheries Science Center's research on response of killer whale communication and feeding behavior in response to vessel traffic and noise.

"The incredible growth of this important program over the past three years could not have been possible without the invested interests of other private organizations, like Shell, and the dedication of NFWF to advance the understanding and conservation of killer whales," said Judy St. Leger, vice president for research and science, SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. "Coordinated efforts like this are critical to understanding why the endangered Southern Resident population of killer whales in the Salish Sea continues to decline and how strategic investments can aid recovery."

"NOAA appreciates SeaWorld and NFWF's support of conservation and research efforts on killer whales, with an emphasis on one of our Species in the Spotlight - the endangered Southern Resident killer whale," said Donna Wieting, director of NOAA Fisheries Office of Protected Resources. "This important investment is helping to address critical data needs to help us recover this iconic population."

Deputy director of Long Live the Kings, Michael Schmidt, who coordinates the Salish Sea Marine Survival Project-a 60-entity, collaborative cross-boundary research effort on salmon-added, "The funding we received from the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program has been critical to support our research of factors limiting salmon productivity in the Salish Sea marine environment. The insights we are gaining from this research will inform a managers roundtable on how to increase prey availability for Southern Resident killer whales and will also inform the Governor's new Orca Task Force to help guide managers towards the most effective recovery actions."

"We appreciate the continued support for research to better understand the risks to Southern Residents," said Kevin Werner, director of NOAA Fisheries' Northwest Fisheries Science Center, which leads studies on the endangered population. "The insight we gain from this research can help guide NOAA Fisheries and our partners towards the most effective recovery actions."

For more information please visit: https://seaworldentertainment.com/en/media/company-news/2017/seaworld-and-nfwf-renew-partnership ​

###
About SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. About the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation
Chartered by Congress in 1984, the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) protects and restores the nation's fish, wildlife, plants and habitats. Working with federal, corporate and individual partners, NFWF has funded more than 4,500 organizations and committed more than $4.8 billion to conservation projects. Learn more at www.nfwf.org.
SeaWorld Parks & Entertainment™ is a leading theme park and entertainment company providing experiences that matter and inspiring guests to protect animals and the wild wonders of our world. The company is one of the world's foremost zoological organizations and a global leader in animal welfare, behavioral training, husbandry and veterinary care. The company collectively cares for what it believes is one of the largest zoological collections in the world and has helped lead advances in the care of animals. The company also rescues and rehabilitates marine and terrestrial animals that are ill, injured, orphaned or abandoned, with the goal of returning them to the wild. The SeaWorld® rescue team has helped more than 31,000 animals in need over the last 50 years.
Photo Captions:
NFWF Map Infographic:
SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation announce partnership renewal of $1.5 million commitment over three years-part of SeaWorld's larger $10 million commitment over 20 years-through the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program to advance the understanding and conservation of killer whales.

Killer Whale photo:
The endangered Southern Resident killer whale population continues to face threats to its primary food source, habitat and health, with only 76 whales remaining as of December 2017, according to the Washington Department of Fish & Wildlife. SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation hope to reverse this declining trend through the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program, which has amassed a total conservation impact of $5.1 million to date with the help of other investors and grantee matches.

​​​Media Contacts:
SWO.PR@SeaWorld.com
407-363-2280

Rob Blumenthal
rob.blumenthal@nfwf.org
202-857-0166

​​​​​​

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
SeaWorld and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation Renew Partnership to Help Endangered Killer Whales in the Wild

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Download Photos Here: https://edelmanftp.box.com/s/5k9p21741uokptdvqzw3ypt9knl8i8a5 Captions for photos at the end of this release Orlando, Fla. (May 16, 2018) - SeaWorld Entertainment, Inc. (NYSE: SEAS) and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) today announced an additional commitment of $1.5 million over three years from SeaWorld to the Killer Whale Research and Conservation Program ( KWRCP).

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Chicago Cubs The Doctor Chris Mueller @@BR_Doctor Featured Columnist

Anyone who watches sports, or participates in any, knows one undeniable fact-there is danger involved. Every sport can have its athletes suffer anything from a scraped elbow to life threatening injuries, which may even include death.

Each sport has its own risks and rewards. Most athletes do not care about this, though, as they are attracted to the glory, fame, pride and money that comes along with being a professional athlete.

So what I decided to do was take the ten sports that are the most dangerous and rank them.

The reason for this is to bring attention to something very few people think about until it happens, which is sports injuries.

I have had a few people question why Soccer is on the list, let me give you a quick fact. In the last 12 years Hockey has had exactly 2 deaths on the ice worlds wide, soccer has had over 70 deaths on the field in that time. If you have to wonder after that then I don't know what to tell you.

This one may actually surprise some people, because major injuries are more scarce in basketball than most other sports due to the low amount of contact involved.

But it is a dangerous game.

Let me outline why it is not the safest sport in the world. You play on hardwood floors with guys who all make average people look small in a fast paced game which involves people scrambling to get the ball in a small area.

A game of basketball will maybe have one injury, if that, but every once in awhile you will hear about someone who falls and hits their head on the court, or in the case of Dennis Rodman, a camera man getting kicked in the groin.

Still doubt me? Watch the video.

I felt like I had to include these sports, because it is well documented how dangerous they are, but I am not making a slideshow featuring every sport in existence so I decided to group these together.

Skateboarding, trick bicycle riding and pretty much any other sport involving standing on a set of wheels is included here.

These sports may not have had as many notable deaths as some of the bigger sports, but that does not mean it is not dangerous. Skateboarders in particular break many bones in the course of a professional career, and it is something they understand and accept.

These athletes get very little credit in terms of being held in the same regard as guys like Walter Payton and Michael Jordan, but their skills are no less impressive.

I am of the belief that anyone with some coordination could shoot a basketball, but that does not mean they will be a professional, but with skateboarding you may have great balance and still never get the hang of it.

These kinds of sports are generally associated with youth due to their short lifespan in the public eye compared to, say, baseball, which has been around in one form or another for nearly 200 years.

These men and women put themselves in danger every time they practice and perform. Not many athletes can say the same for their profession.

Don't agree with me? Ask Tony Hawk how easy it is.

Grouping these sports was another decision based on size of the article and similarity. They all require you to strap into, or stand on top of, a board and use it to balance as you traverse snow or float along the water while riding waves.

Skiing is probably the most dangerous of the three sports listed as I am betting most people can name at least one person who has died skiing.

This sport is intense, and this is coming from someone who was born in a set of K2s. Going down the hill at break neck speed is a rush for sure, but it is also extremely dangerous. Sure the snow can cushion your fall, but it can also turn to ice and become more dangerous than dry ground.

I have been skiing for over 20 years, and I have had my fair share of spills resulting in sore limbs and bloody face injuries. It's almost a right of passage to take a nasty spill on a slope.

When you begin one of these sports, the first thing they teach you is how to stop, because the most important thing you must know is that you are doing something that could potentially kill you in the blink of an eye.

And anyone who saw the end of Point Break knows how dangerous surfing can be.

Anything which involves going in excess of 150 miles per hour is dangerous no matter how many safety precautions you put in place.

I am not a fan of either of these sports, but I did see Dale Earnhardt die the day it happened on live television, and that will always stick with me.

I was with a family who enjoyed NASCAR and we had turned on the TV five minutes before the crash that took his life occurred.

It was a sad scene, indeed, as no replay meant someone was injured or dead. The race continued, but the people watching no longer cared about the outcome.

A hero to all fans of the sport had died in what can only be described as a disaster.

Do not watch the video if you have a weak stomach.

A sport known for its riots more than its players, soccer is a dangerous sport for many reasons.

Soccer may not be a contact sport, per se, but it has plenty of contact resulting in bodily harm, especially when you take into account the fact players are wearing shoes with spikes that look more like weapons than sporting equipment.

The players take this sport very seriously, because it is a low scoring sport where every point counts, as well as the fact it is the most popular sport worldwide.

Many people have had their careers ended on the soccer field, and yet it is not viewed as one of the tougher sports in the US for some reason.

Perhaps it is America's desire for a high score that keeps them away from soccer, but the same can be said for hockey, which is relatively popular in the United States.

What can you say about the game of hockey that hasn't already been said about Joan Rivers-it's icy, cold, sometimes fun to watch and something people in the south could care less about.

This might be the only non-fighting sport where you are always in danger of being punched out. In a sport characterized by the toothless grins of its top players and the hourly fights that seem to break out for almost no reason, hockey has become one of our more dangerous past-times.

Despite the large amount of padding worn by players, they still manage to mangle their faces and break their bones in every game, and then smile about it to the press afterward as their bloody faces fill the sports pages.

And do I even need to mention the pair of blades attached to each player's feet? I don't know how much more I can say about hockey other than it is a sport with known risks that may outweigh the possible rewards.

This is a sport with virtually no coverage in the United Sates, and yet it has all the elements that should make it popular.

It combines the general rules of both football and soccer with some polo thrown in as well. Rugby is much bigger in Europe than it is here, and it is viewed as a much tougher version of American football.

The players make just as much contact as football players so but wear a fraction of the protective gear. There have been deaths in rugby due to the dangerous nature of the game.

This is yet another video that should not be watched by people with weak stomachs.

These guys use their whole bodies to play the game, and you can see the cost of that style of play in the video.

Even though I just got done saying rugby is more dangerous than football, I am in the US and I have witnessed way more football-related injuries than rugby, so that is where the ranking comes from.

Football is the ultimate manly sport in the United States. It combines speed, strength, planning and teamwork.

The best example most people know is Joe Theismann. One of the best players in the NFL at the time, Theismann seemed poised to take his team to the Super Bowl when the unthinkable happened.

Lawrence Taylor, one of the most feared men in the NFL, was the man who would unfortunately be the one to end Theismann's career.

It was an accident which is evident by Taylor's reaction after the injury occurs, but it still outlines the dangers of full contact sports like football.

Steroids is the hot button topic these days, but the fact remains that the players are in more danger from each other than any other factor.

Dana White can talk about how there has been no deaths in MMA and how safe the environment is all he wants, but any sport where the main goal is to beat your opponent into submission or knock them out is very dangerous.

What Dana seems to forget when he makes these arguments is UFC and MMA have been around in the US for a fraction of the time that all the other contact sports have been.

I have seen guys get choked out, bloodied, and broken all for the chance to get a title match. I understand the glory involved with such a macho sport, but the dangers may outweigh the possible rewards.

People who get into MMA have to train by fighting, and you don't get paid to train. Some guys don't know what they are getting into and their careers are over before they even start because they get injured or can't take the toll on their bodies.

Guys like Brock Lesnar and Tito Ortiz have made MMA more mainstream, but when it comes down to it, MMA is the definition of a bloodsport, the closest thing we have to the old death matches from the ancient Romans and Greeks.

I am not in any way trashing MMA. I actually enjoy it, but it is dangerous and no one should have any misconceptions about what they are watching.

This video is somewhat graphic, so be prepared.

No one can make a reasonable argument as to boxing not being the most dangerous sport. There have been numerous deaths in the history of the sport, and injuries occur in pretty much every match.

Most boxers leave the sport with some kind of lasting injury whether it's vision problems, coordination problems, speech impediments or even brain damage.

And that is not even mentioning the people who have been left crippled in wheelchairs.

Boxing is all about violence, and no one can argue that. Call it the sweet science all you want-the entire point of the sport is to hit the other guy until he can't hit you anymore.

Look at guys like Ali, Holyfield and Tyson. They fought most of their lives and each one has paid a physical price for those years of abuse to their bodies.

I am not saying they should disband the sport, I am simply stating the facts.

Boxing is the most dangerous sport out there today, and until MMA catches up it probably won't change anytime soon.

I did not rank pro wrestling, because it is not really classified as a sport by the people running it. It is classified as entertainment, but that doesn't mean it's not dangerous.

Wrestling has been one of the most controversial sports of all time, and that's just from the last ten years. Between the accusations of steroids and drugs and all the news surrounding the deaths of Owen Hart and Chris Benoit, wrestling has been in the spotlight for a long time for reasons I am sure make Vince McMahon smash things regularly.

Despite their deaths not being due to wrestling in the ring, they garnered national attention and brought focus to the conditions wrestlers perform in.

No matter how much they try and take care of each other in the ring, accidents happen and there is nothing anyone can do to prevent them.

None of this even matches the fact that some of these guys cut themselves willingly.

I can't even list all the real injuries I have seen in wrestling, because the list would be as long as a book, so I will let the video do the talking for me.

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Ranking Sports from Least to Most Dangerous: Includes NFL, NBA, NHL and Soccer

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Chicago Cubs The Doctor Chris Mueller @@BR_Doctor Twitter Logo Featured Columnist Anyone who watches sports, or participates in any, knows one undeniable fact-there is danger involved. Every sport can have its athletes suffer anything from a scraped elbow to life threatening injuries, which may even include death.

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New research debunks the myth that those who participate in extreme sports are adrenaline junkies with a death wish.

Instead, researchers at Queensland University of Technology say that those who participate in extreme sports do it to have an experience that is life-changing.

In extreme sports, such as BASE jumping, big wave surfing, and solo free climbing, one mistake can lead to death. Even so, their popularity is surging.

"Extreme sports have developed into a worldwide phenomenon and we are witnessing an unprecedented interest in and engagement with these activities," said Dr. Eric Brymer, an adjunct professor at Queensland University of Technology in Australia, currently based at Leeds Beckett University in the UK.

"While participant numbers in many traditional team and individual sports such as golf, basketball, and racket sports seem to have declined over the past decade, participant numbers in extreme sports have surged, making it a multimillion dollar industry."

He says that, until now, there has been a gross misunderstanding of what motivates people to take part in extreme sports.

"Our research has shown people who engage in extreme sports are anything but irresponsible risk-takers with a death wish," he said. "They are highly trained individuals with a deep knowledge of themselves, the activity and the environment who do it to have an experience that is life-enhancing and life-changing."

"The experience is very hard to describe in the same way that love is hard to describe," he continued. "It makes the participant feel very alive where all senses seem to be working better than in everyday life, as if the participant is transcending everyday ways of being and glimpsing their own potential."

"For example, BASE jumpers talk about being able to see all the colors and nooks and crannies of the rock as they zoom past at 300km/h, or extreme climbers feel like they are floating and dancing with the rock," he explained. "People talk about time slowing down and merging with nature."

Understanding the motivations for extreme sports is important to understanding humans, according to QUT Professor Robert Schweitzer.

"Far from the traditional risk-focused assumptions, extreme sports participation facilitates more positive psychological experiences and express human values such as humility, harmony, creativity, spirituality, and a vital sense of self that enriches everyday life," he said.

He added that because extreme sports participants found it hard to put their experiences into words, the researchers had to take a new approach to understanding the data.

"Rather than a theory-based approach which may make judgments that don't reflect the lived experience of extreme sports participants, we took a phenomenological approach to ensure we went in with an open mind," he said. "This allowed us to focus on the lived experience of extreme sport with the goal of explaining themes that are consistent with participants' experience."

"By doing this we were able to, for the first time, conceptualize such experiences as potentially representing endeavors at the extreme end of human agency, that is making choices to engage in activity which may in certain circumstances lead to death," he said. "However, such experiences have been shown to be affirmative of life and the potential for transformation."

Extreme sports have the potential to induce non-ordinary states of consciousness that are at once powerful and meaningful, according to the researchers.

"These experiences enrich the lives of participants and provide a further glimpse into what it means to be human," Schweitzer said.

The study was published in Psychology of Consciousness: Theory, Research and Practice.

Source: Queensland University of Technology

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What Motivates People to Do Extreme Sports?

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New research debunks the myth that those who participate in extreme sports are adrenaline junkies with a death wish. Instead, researchers at Queensland University of Technology say that those who participate in extreme sports do it to have an experience that is life-changing.

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When it comes to adventure sports, taking carefully calculated risks versus thrill-seeking could mean the difference between life and death. Most people chalk every life-risking maneuver up to madness, but two elite freeskiers, and tons of empirical data point to other influences at work. It's time to set the record straight on the motivation of extreme sportsmen and why the challenges they seek may be healthier than we think.

CHASING EXTREMES
Push speeds of 200 miles per hour around a racetrack, go sky diving or mountain biking, or send yourself rocketing down a steep snow-covered slope near Matterhorn Mountain-you know what risk is. But what the heck is going through your head?

Athletes, in general, score higher than the average population in sensation seeking-that much is true-according to 2014 research by Erik Monasterio, MBChB, senior clinical lecturer at University of Otago and mountaineer himself. But it's not just about the short-lived buzz of adventure. Those drawn to extreme sports may initially hunt out the thrill, as research into trait differences between newbies and instructors suggests; but as you progress in these sports something else entirely takes over. In fact, research published in 2004 in the journal Kinesiology found that high-risk athletes scored highest in emotional stability, conscientiousness, and energy compared with non-risk athletes and non-athletes.

So what gives? What makes some drawn to adventure sports and others shy away? Motivation to take risks or do an extreme sport can be as simple as needing to get away, to carve your own path. Research by Bruce Ogilvie Ph.D., sometimes referred to as the Father of North American Applied Sport Psychology, suggested that risk takers push their physical, emotional, and intellectual limits to escape the tensionless state associated with everyday life. And according to 2013 research in the Journal of Personality and Psychology, feeling trapped or stressed out are some of the most common reasons people continue an extreme sport, in addition to the physical sensations and the "buzz."

Still, some just manage fear differently than the average person and see no problem with their chosen outlets. "I see a lot of us as artists, actually," says freeskier and Line of the Year 2014 winner Cody Townsend, 31, who clearly colors outside the lines.

BRAIN CHEMISTRY IN HIGH-RISK SPORTS
Risk takers' brains may be naturally lower in levels of dopamine and/or serotonin, according to research from Monasterio. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter that helps manage your brain's reward and pleasure centers, plus regulates physical and emotional responses. The neurotransmitter serotonin regulates a variety of psychological and bodily functions, including mood regulation, sexual desire, sleep, and social behavior. When out of balance both can lead to depressive feelings, fatigue, anxiety, and more. But instead of sitting on the couch and brooding, some athletes go out and "fix it" with physical challenges. Problem solved, for now.

But that doesn't mean they are fearless. Compared to the general population's levels of harm avoidance (12.4)-aka desire to not get hurt-mountaineers HA levels were a still-beefy 9.1, according to 2014 research in Wilderness and Environmental Medicine. The difference: some let fear hold them in more narrow boundaries; others wield their fear to their advantage and work around it. Richard Permin, 29, one of France's best linecatching freeskiers who appears in Red Bull Snow's Days of My Youth, puts it pretty succinctly: "The moment you lose fear you put yourself in the most dangerous situations."

"I think you're always scared. You don't lack fear-you have to have fear out there. That's what keeps us safe and helps us make the correct decisions. For most people it's going into a bad neighborhood at a certain time of night that may be scary," Townsend adds. "I just think we play on a different scale."
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PRACTICE CREATES CONFIDENCE
Self-directedness and willpower are character traits that high-risk athletes such as mountaineers also score high on, which explains their propensity to go against the grain-with the confidence they will come out the other side. Like those who enter their first Spartan Death Race or the 400-mile Patagonia Expedition Race -clearly, they might die on the course. Numerous waivers say so plainly. But instead, solid beast-mode training and pushing fears aside gets them through with only a twisted ankle, a chunky medal, and roaring memories of accomplishment to show for it.

Research from Dominika Kupciw MSc in The Sports and Exercise Scientist shows that the intense training sessions adventure athletes engage in leading up to big races and challenges represent precautionary risk rather than unconsidered, reckless risk-a necessary distinction that separates the wheat from the chaff in adventure sports. Building confidence through training allows athletes to manage the risk. So the "reckless athlete" rap is undeserved in many cases.

CONTROL FREAKS 'R' US
Adventure sports actually require the ultimate planning and agonizing over fine details-that's the boring reality. Cyclists and climbers analyze every minutiae of a long route and their gear; BASE jumpers and skydivers endlessly check wind/weather conditions and all their rigs meticulously; and backcountry athletes practice traversing countless smaller feats, getting rigorous intel from guides and mountain experts, to progressively take on larger mountains.

"Where we go in the mountains, we have a guide, we have a helipilot, we have other people who really know the mountain, so if something goes wrong we're in the best case scenario. We drop into routes less than half the time, because conditions aren't exactly right," Permin explains. "The risk for us at that level is actually less than someone who goes off next to the slope in some ski areas." Kupciw agrees: Evidence suggests that attraction for high-risk sportspeople may be the management and control of risk rather than risk itself.
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THE ARTISTRY OF EXTREME
Still, for some, self-expression and self-determination are a catalyst. "In cities you have crosswalks, sidewalks, elevators-you're told exactly where to go at all times. And you don't even interact with the environment. Whereas when you get to the bottom of a mountain, you think, I can go up any way I want, and it's up to you and your own imagination on how to get down," Townsend points out. And though few outside high-risk sports would peg artistic expression as the primary catalyst for Tour de France racers or slalom skiers or kite surfers or Base jumpers, the second you clip into gear needed for these sports that connection becomes immediately apparent, in addition to the athleticism of the moment.
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ALL'S WELL THAT ENDS WELL
It's true, certain sports are riddled with danger. But that's a risk taken to avoid the greater risk: living a life without adventure. The chances of injury and even death are very real, but calculated, smart, precautionary risk is a good athlete's catalyst, based on skill they've accrued over time. Mahatma Gandhi once said "Live as if you were to die tomorrow. Learn as if you were to live forever." That's especially true for adventure athletes.

There is no crush to discern the minds of those society deems as thrill seekers. The research on the psychology of extreme sports is unsurprisingly thin. But for some, focusing on the positive aspects of how athletes and explorers push their limits, highlighting their inspiration, really does make you wonder. If our ancestors hadn't had adventurers in their midst when striking away from humanity's origins in East Africa, where would we be today? Those resting in their caves may want to know, while adventurers go out to find it.

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When it comes to adventure sports, taking carefully calculated risks versus thrill-seeking could mean the difference between life and death. Most people chalk every life-risking maneuver up to madness, but two elite freeskiers, and tons of empirical data point to other influences at work.

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In what some environmentalists claim as a victory, city and county laws banning plastic bags have been sweeping the country from Alaska to North Carolina over the past few years. Plastic has long been blamed as a source of non-biodegradable waste, and many environmentally-minded citizens have been pushing for laws to restrict plastic bag use. Now, states are joining the trend as well, although not without opposition. While a ban may soon be passed in Connecticut, others have recently been delayed in California and prohibited altogether in Georgia. As these bans grow in popularity, alternatives to plastic bags have become champions of the environmental cause. Still, these alternatives also rest on some shaky scientific foundations.

Movements to ban plastic bags often cite the waste that these bags generate, especially when they are only used once. Since plastic bags are not biodegradable, their lifetimes are very long, with estimates ranging from 10 years in the wild to 1,000 years in a landfill. Consequently, these bags litter both urban systems and local ecology - they pollute city waterways and harm marine life. Proponents of plastic bag bans hope that these initiatives will encourage the use of bags made from alternative materials like paper or compostable plastic, which do not produce the same waste of plastic bags. Or, these bans could encourage the use of reusable bags, which generally eliminate waste altogether.

In evaluating the environmental costs of using bags made from different materials, scientists must consider a variety of factors. For example, while plastic bags add to landfills, paper bag production may require hazardous chemicals. To compare bag alternatives from a more holistic perspective, product designers and environmental engineers often use a technique called life cycle assessment (LCA). As its name suggests, an LCA requires careful attention to each stage of a product's existence. A plastic bag may be manufactured from raw petroleum products, transported to a grocery store where it will be used at least once to carry groceries home, and finally reused as a trash bag. LCAs inventory the material and energy inputs and outputs for products and processes, and assess how these flows can impact human health and the environment.

In 2011, the UK Environment Agency released a comprehensive LCA to provide general statistics for management and decision-making. The study compared the environmental effects of bags made from plastic, paper, compostable plastic, and cotton. Using Global Warming Potential (GWP), a metric that reflects each product's greenhouse gas emissions across its lifetime, the study revealed that compostable plastic bags produce the most emissions of the products tested. It is important to note that these statistics assumed that a plastic bag would be reused as a trash bag 40 percent of the time, that a paper bag would be used four times before disposal, and that a cotton bag would be used at least 173 times. If each were used fewer times, then the GWP rankings would change as well.

The Environment Agency LCA also studied other environmental concerns, focusing on each product's effects on issues such as human health, resource use, and environmental safety. While plastic bags proved more toxic to aquatic environments and more likely to deplete natural resources, paper bags caused more algal growth and were found to be more toxic to humans and terrestrial environments. Which factors are most important? Is global warming or resource consumption a greater problem? Do we emphasize the safety of the biosphere, or our own physical health? To decide between paper and plastic, we need to pick priorities of sustainability and learn to deal with the consequences of our choices.

LCAs provide us with quantitative data that can be used by politicians and voters alike to make informed environmental decisions. With the debate on what kinds of bags to use in a grocery store, consumers should be aware that the issues surrounding sustainability are incredibly complex. When we discuss our current bagging solutions, we should not just be thinking about throwing them away.

Cover Image: Plastic bags, including normal and biodegradable ones, often end up in landfills. Image courtesy of Earthrise.

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Paper vs. Plastic: The science behind the national shopping controversy

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Plastic bags are often criticized for polluting the environment, and especially the ocean. Some creatures are more susceptible than others. Image courtesy of E Colur. In what some environmentalists claim as a victory, city and county laws banning plastic bags have been sweeping the country from Alaska to North Carolina over...

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by Art Swift and John Fleming

Story Highlights

73% say paper shopping bags do less harm to environment

22% say plastic bags less harmful

More Democrats than Republicans vote for paper

WASHINGTON, D.C. -- In an otherwise polarized nation, Americans are fairly united in their take on the "paper vs. plastic" debate. When asked which shopping-bag material is better for the environment, 73% say paper bags do less harm, while 22% say plastic.

These results come from Gallup's Environment Poll, conducted March 1-5.

There has been debate in recent years in business and among scientists over whether the paper bags used in grocery stores and supermarkets are more harmful or less harmful to the environment than plastic bags. Several municipalities have either banned plastic bags or imposed a tax on their use, because of environmental concerns. Advocates for paper have touted its sustainable sourcing and biodegradable aspects, while those supporting plastic usage have noted the reusable nature of the product, such as for cleaning up after dogs. Plastic bags became the norm in supermarkets mostly because they are cheaper.
Democrats More Likely Than Republicans to Favor Paper Over Plastic
While members of all party groups are more likely to say paper bags are less harmful to the environment than plastic ones, slightly more Democrats (77%) and independents (74%) than Republicans (67%) consider paper the better choice.

Gallup also finds little difference in these views according to respondents' general orientation toward the environmental movement. People who are active in the environmental movement, or sympathetic to it, are only slightly more likely than others to believe that paper bags do less harm to the environment than plastic bags. This is the case even though those active in or sympathetic to environmental causes are much more likely to worry about various threats to the environment, and to take concrete actions to help protect the environment.
Bottom Line
For years, lobbyists and industry groups on both sides of the paper-plastic divide have tried to convince the public -- and, by extension, manufacturers, retailers and shippers -- of the environmental superiority of their products.

Some of these arguments have focused on whether paper- or plastic-based products are more sustainable, or easily replenished, in the long term. Advocates for paper claim that it is biodegradable, easily recyclable and reusable, while plastic advocates have laid claim to recyclability and reusability. Both have steered away from arguments that focus on how their rival's products are actually made, which from an environmental perspective might be characterized as a draw.

Amid these claims and counterclaims, Americans judge paper to be the clear winner for shopping bags. This transcends the usual political rifts, and even those who are indifferent or unsympathetic to environmental issues favor paper over plastic from an environmental perspective.

In light of these findings, it is not surprising that some U.S. communities -- as well as the states of California and Hawaii, in addition to the District of Columbia -- have restricted or banned the use of disposable plastic shopping bags or charge a fee for their use. However, some of the same jurisdictions also place fees on some paper bags, especially those made from nonrecycled paper.

Although there is nearly universal access to recycling programs across the United States and constantly evolving applications for the reuse of both paper and plastic products, Americans give the environmental nod to paper shopping bags over plastic by nearly 3 to 1.

Survey Methods

Results for this Gallup poll are based on telephone interviews conducted March 1-5, 2017, with a random sample of 1,018 adults, aged 18 and older, living in all 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia. For results based on the total sample of national adults, the margin of sampling error is ±4 percentage points at the 95% confidence level. All reported margins of sampling error include computed design effects for weighting.

Each sample of national adults includes a minimum quota of 70% cellphone respondents and 30% landline respondents, with additional minimum quotas by time zone within region. Landline and cellular telephone numbers are selected using random-digit-dial methods.

View survey methodology, complete question responses and trends.

Learn more about how the Gallup Poll Social Series works.

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Americans Say Paper Bags More Eco-Friendly Than Plastic

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by Art Swift and John Fleming Story Highlights 73% say paper shopping bags do less harm to environment 22% say plastic bags less harmful More Democrats than Republicans vote for paper WASHINGTON, D.C. -- In an otherwise polarized nation, Americans are fairly united in their take on the "paper vs.

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Can you find information on this site to help support your argument?

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Wildlife Conservation and Management Committee

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Though zoos were originally created mostly to satisfy people's curiosity about the exotic-and perhaps to demonstrate the status of the person or institution that created the zoo-in the modern era, zoos have a serious mission as conservation organizations. Many of them have on-site programs to protect species in the wild as well as breeding programs to maintain healthy captive populations. Many zoos also consider conservation education to be an important part of their mission, and hope to encourage positive attitudes toward biodiversity conservation among their visitors.

Traditionally, education has been conceived as simply a matter of conveying information. Zoos are no exception in this approach, hence the often-boring and underutilized signs attached to exhibits, describing an animal's habitat and lifestyle in the wild as well as whether or not their species is endangered. But conveying information is actually one of the least important things zoos can do. After all, information is easily available in classrooms and on the internet. What zoos can, distinctively, provide is the direct experience of nonhuman animals. Such experiences have two psychologically important characteristics: they are vivid and emotionally rich, and they are typically shared with others.

Psychological research has shown that vivid, emotional experiences not only attract more attention, they are also better remembered. The scary, funny, or awe-inspiring animal exhibits at the zoo encourage people to pay more attention to information about the animals (including information about their conservation status) than they would pay to a written description. The multisensory, unscripted nature of the encounter provides experiences that a video can't. People remember when the animal did something unexpected, like catching a squirrel or playing with a stick. In addition to sights and sounds, even the smells (though possibly unpleasant) add to the multisensory richness of the experience.

The vast majority of zoo visitors attend in social groups, with family members or on school field trips. Social interactions are thus a key part of the zoo visit. And when people are looking at the animals, there seems to be almost an automatic tendency to share the experience with others. In my research at zoos, I found that almost nine out of ten visitors would share their observations of an animal by pointing it out to their companions, or simply by saying "look!" Our first impulse when we see an animal is often to make sure that someone else is also watching.

Social interactions like these are opportunities to create and communicate shared values. Indeed, some parents say they deliberately use the zoo visit to talk to their children about the value of nature and the importance of caring for wild animals. Even parents and teachers who are less deliberate about the moral lessons are communicating an important message: that animals have value, that they are interesting, and that they are worth our time and regard. Every parent who stands in front of an animal exhibit and says "Isn't he beautiful!" or "The mommy is looking after her baby," or even "Look at that!" is giving their child a reason to care about the animal.

Not all interactions will be equally effective in creating caring. People can, and do, look at the animals in objectifying ways, making fun of their appearance or even insulting them. (One of my research assistants once came to me, upset, when she overheard some visitors say "Hey, fatty ugly Polar Bear!") There is evidence that exhibit design can encourage a more or a less respectful attitude toward the animal. An old-fashioned exhibit in which the animal is behind bars, perhaps in a concrete cage, and the visitor may be looking down on the animal may lead people to take a less sympathetic, more objectifying perspective. After all, the implicit message of such an exhibit is that it is acceptable to take an animal out of its natural habitat and put it in an uncomfortable environment merely for humans to observe.

An exhibit that shows respect and concern for the animal may encourage the visitors to feel a similar level of concern. Evidence that the zoo has spent time considering the animals' needs, not just for food but for intellectual stimulation and social interactions (where relevant), reminds the visitor that animals have such needs: that they are thinking entities with their own experiences and not just objects for human entertainment.

Beyond demonstrating respect, the ideal zoo exhibit would encourage something we could call empathy or connection. Many exhibits do this already by calling the visitors' attention to the things they have in common with the animals on display. Exhibit signs remind people that the animals play, sleep, and have families; they inform us of interesting facts like "gorillas have fingerprints too" or "wolves mate for life." These signs encourage us to take the perspective, in some brief and limited way, of the animal on display. We recognize some similarity or shared experience, even if it's only the experience of being hungry and then having that hunger satisfied.

Our perceptions of similarity matter. In general, similarity to other people is associated with increased empathy and willingness to help. Likewise, people have more regard for animals with whom they feel a degree of similarity. People who anthropomorphize animals show more concern about them.

Zoos can foster a culture of conservation; in fact, zoo-goers tend to show more environmental concern and care than the average person. But it's not a foregone conclusion. The way zoos present the animals who live within can elicit positive or negative responses from visitors. The best exhibits will be ones that situate the animal in its natural habitat; that demonstrate concern for the animal's needs; that stimulate conversations expressing appreciation for the animal; and that, in some cases, remind the visitor of what they have in common with the animal. Under these, ideal, circumstances, zoos can help to prevent the disappearance of wild animals from our sight and from our minds.

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Learning to Care about Animal Conservation

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Though zoos were originally created mostly to satisfy people's curiosity about the exotic-and perhaps to demonstrate the status of the person or institution that created the zoo-in the modern era, zoos have a serious mission as conservation organizations. Many of them have on-site programs to protect species in the wild as well as breeding programs to maintain healthy captive populations.