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Download Official Portrait Download the Vice President's Biography
Kamala D. Harris is the Vice President of the United States of America. She was elected Vice President after a lifetime of public service, having been elected District Attorney of San Francisco, California Attorney General, and United States Senator.
Vice President Harris was born in Oakland, California to parents who emigrated from India and Jamaica. She graduated from Howard University and the University of California, Hastings College of Law.

Vice President Harris with her mother, Shyamala

"My mother would look at me and she'd say, 'Kamala, you may be the first to do many things, but make sure you are not the last.'"
Kamala Harris, January 28, 2019

Vice President Harris and her sister, Maya Harris, were inspired by their mother, Shyamala Gopalan. Gopalan, a breast cancer scientist and pioneer in her own right, received her doctorate the same year Vice President Harris was born.

Her parents were activists, instilling Vice President Harris with a strong sense of justice. They brought her to civil rights demonstrations and introduced role models-ranging from Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall to civil rights leader Constance Baker Motley-whose work motivated her to become a prosecutor.

Growing up, Vice President Harris was surrounded by a diverse community and extended family. In 2014, she married Douglas Emhoff. They have a large blended family that includes their children, Ella and Cole.

Vice President Harris at the Pride Parade in San Francisco, California

Throughout her career, the Vice President has been guided by the words she spoke the first time she stood up in court: Kamala Harris, for the people.

In 1990, Vice President Harris joined the Alameda County District Attorney's Office where she specialized in prosecuting child sexual assault cases. She then served as a managing attorney in the San Francisco District Attorney's Office and later was chief of the Division on Children and Families for the San Francisco City Attorney's Office.

She was elected District Attorney of San Francisco in 2003. In that role, Vice President Harris created a ground-breaking program to provide first-time drug offenders with the opportunity to earn a high school degree and find employment. The program was designated as a national model of innovation for law enforcement by the United States Department of Justice.

In 2010, Vice President Harris was elected California's Attorney General and oversaw the largest state justice department in the United States. She established the state's first Bureau of Children's Justice and instituted several first-of-their-kind reforms that ensured greater transparency and accountability in the criminal justice system.

As Attorney General, Vice President Harris won a $20 billion settlement for Californians whose homes had been foreclosed on, as well as a $1.1 billion settlement for students and veterans who were taken advantage of by a for-profit education company. She defended the Affordable Care Act in court, enforced environmental law, and was a national leader in the movement for marriage equality.

Vice President Harris speaking at an event

"At every step of the way, I've been guided by the words I spoke from the first time I stood in a courtroom: Kamala Harris, For the People."
Kamala Harris, August 19, 2020

In 2017, Vice President Harris was sworn into the United States Senate. In her first speech, she spoke out on behalf of immigrants and refugees. As a member of the Senate Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, she fought for better protections for DREAMers and called for better oversight of substandard conditions at immigrant detention facilities.

On the Senate Select Committee on Intelligence, she worked with members of both parties to keep the American people safe from foreign threats and crafted bipartisan legislation to assist in securing American elections. She visited Iraq, Jordan, and Afghanistan to meet with servicemembers and assess the situation on the ground. She also served on the Senate Judiciary Committee. During her tenure on the committee, she participated in hearings for two Supreme Court nominees.

As Senator, Vice President Harris championed legislation to combat hunger, provide rent relief, improve maternal health care, and address the climate crisis as a member of the Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works. Her bipartisan anti-lynching bill passed the Senate in 2018. Her legislation to preserve Historically Black Colleges and Universities was signed into law, as was her effort to infuse much-needed capital into low-income communities during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Vice President Harris embraces a young supporter

On August 11, 2020, Vice President Harris accepted President Joe Biden's invitation to become his running mate and help unite the nation. She is the first woman, the first Black American, and the first South Asian American to be elected Vice President, as was the case with other offices she has held. She is, however, determined not to be the last.

As Vice President, Kamala Harris has worked in partnership with President Joe Biden to get America vaccinated, rebuild our economy, reduce child poverty, and pass an infrastructure law that will lift up communities that have been left behind. She has led the Administration's efforts in rallying broad coalitions to protect the freedom to vote, expand workers' rights to organize and collectively bargain, and stand up for women's rights - supporting women in our workforce, addressing the maternal health crisis, and defending reproductive rights. The Vice President has also played a key role in engaging world leaders and strengthening our nation's alliances and partnerships. In everything she does, she remains focused on the people of our nation-and our collective future.

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Kamala D. Harris is the Vice President of the United States of America. She was elected Vice President after a lifetime of public service, having been elected District Attorney of San Francisco, California Attorney General, and United States Senator.

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Breaking Barriers

Named one of the "100 Most Important Americans of the 20th Century" by LIFE magazine, Billie Jean King's greatest desire is to empower the next generation with the tools to do better than the one before it. An influential visionary who is both highly respected and strikingly innovative, Billie Jean King's legacy is ever-evolving.
BJK Leadership Initiative

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The Official Website of Billie Jean King

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A champion on the court, a crusader for social justice and women's equality in sports, and a visionary whose legacy is ever-evolving, Billie Jean King has secured her place in history.

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The Smith Rafael Film Center in Marin County, Calif., doesn't look anything like the places where Ryan Coogler saw movies as a child. A 1930s movie palace adorned with an art-nouveau mural of two goddesses emerging from the sea and sapphire-hued lamps illuminating the lobby, it typically plays indies and foreign films. But as Coogler makes his way inside on a rainy November day, he hears something familiar: the pounding drums from the decidedly mainstream movie he directed, Black Panther. He bobs his head to the beat, pulling off his raincoat to reveal a Jaws T-shirt.

Jaws is the kind of movie Coogler, 32, was raised on: blockbusters that play to big crowds. In many ways that's exactly the movie he made. And with Black Panther, he made an exceptionally good one-not just hugely entertaining, but smart, funny and political. Audiences ate it up. Since premiering in February, Black Panther has become the highest-grossing film of 2018 in the U.S. and smashed a handful of other records (among them: highest-grossing solo superhero launch of all time, highest-grossing film by a black director and highest-grossing film starring a primarily black cast). And it won over critics, too-this art-house screening is part of a campaign to make Black Panther the first superhero movie nominated for Best Picture at the Academy Awards.

"When you do a huge movie, some people get the wrong idea that you're selling out," says Coogler, sipping coffee in the green room next to the theater. "But I wanted to make a movie for the people."

That he did. Black Panther has done something most other megahits didn't: it reshaped the world beyond the multiplex. Coogler rendered the film's setting-the fictional nation of Wakanda, a technologically advanced African country untouched by colonialism-so vividly that it became a kind of cultural shorthand, a vision of a future where black excellence is honored instead of minimized. When the Wakandans venture out into the world, their red, green and black clothing-the colors of the pan-African flag-stand out in a sea of muted suits. When Lupita Nyong'o's Nakia whips off a heel and wields it as a weapon, it's a feminist statement-in this film, women do the rescuing. When audiences first see Wakanda, the light seems to dazzle for a reason: it's an aspirational vision of the world.

Filmgoers attended showings dressed in regal African garb and turned the crossed-arms "Wakanda Forever" salute into a popular greeting. Political activists set up voter-registration booths outside of screenings and courted voters using the hashtag #WakandaTheVote.

Fans in costume watch the movie in 3-D in Nairobi; Coogler says he had "never seen anything" like the reaction to the film. Yasuyoshi Chiba-AFP/Getty Images

With Black Panther, Coogler didn't just bear the burden of weighty expectations, he exceeded them. "This was a sea change in terms of people being able to feel proud about creating culturally specific films," says Rhea Combs, curator of film and photography at the National Museum of African American History and Culture. "There has been a long-standing argument about who will appreciate what type of film, and this movie ended that conversation."

***

Coogler was born in Oakland. His mother, a community organizer, and his father, a juvenile-probation counselor, moved the family to Richmond, Calif., when he was 8. They sent him and his siblings to Catholic school, where Coogler played football and was good enough to get a college scholarship. There, a professor in a creative writing class suggested screenwriting. Coogler went on to film school at the University of Southern California.

After graduating, he began developing what would become his first feature film, Fruitvale Station, the true story of Oakland native Oscar Grant, an unarmed man who was shot in the back by a police officer. To make ends meet, Coogler took a job as a counselor alongside his father at the Juvenile Detention Center in San Francisco. He has said his time there helped him better understand Grant, whose life was intertwined with the criminal-justice system. The film went on to win the Grand Jury Prize and the Audience Award at Sundance in 2013.

" Fruitvale was about the community that I grew up in, and I wanted nothing more than for people in communities like that to see it," Coogler says. "But when you make an indie film, the theaters that play it tend to be very specific. Those types of films didn't play at the multiplexes in my neighborhood."

His next movie got a lot closer. He had grown up watching the Rocky movies with his dad, and wanted to explore the racial dynamic in those films. In 2015, his spin-off, Creed, which starred Fruitvale leading man Michael B. Jordan, grossed nearly $174 million at the global box office.

Soon after, Disney began courting him to direct Black Panther, which would be Marvel's first superhero film with a protagonist who wasn't white. Coogler told the studio what was important to him: he had been thinking a lot about identity as it related to being of African descent, and the differences between cultures in the diaspora. He knew he needed to go to Africa, a place he had never been. "For me to do this film," Coogler says, "I wanted to spend time there."

Disney said yes. "It was clear 10 minutes into the meeting that he was interviewing us, not the other way around," says Kevin Feige, the head of Marvel Studios. "This movie started in the soul of this young filmmaker, and people can feel that when they watch it." Coogler was just 29-the youngest director in Marvel's history.
Watch: Why the Guardians Are the 2018 Person of the Year

Coogler brought back prints from the Maasai tribe for Black Panther's all-female guard, and music that Kendrick Lamar incorporated into the movie's soundtrack, which debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard 200. All of this inspired the world he dreamed up alongside co-writer Joe Robert Cole, cinematographer Rachel Morrison, composer Ludwig Göransson and the rest of a crew with which he's quick to share credit. In their telling, the superhero world is as fraught and complex as reality. The film centers on T'Challa (Chadwick Boseman), the king of Wakanda, whose claim to the throne is threatened by rival Erik Killmonger (Jordan). Killmonger convinces a faction of Wakandans, whose advanced technology has long been hidden, that their superior weapons could help marginalized people across the world rise up against their oppressors. It soon becomes clear that Killmonger, villainous as he is, might have a point.

"We never wanted to say one character is right and the other wrong," Coogler says. "You get into dangerous territory if you expect the art you make to change people's minds. But if someone can watch a film and then go home and talk about it, that's doing a lot."

Coogler, who used T'Challa's conflict with Killmonger to make the character more relatable, with Boseman on set Marvel/Disney-Kobal/Shutterstock

Superhero movies may nod at the importance of liberty or even condemn discrimination. But most of the time, those films quickly turn their attention back to blowing stuff up. Black Panther took the big questions head-on: What responsibility do people in power have to empower the oppressed? How should society deal with the scars of colonialism and slavery? How can the culture upend sexist and racist expectations of black women? "Politically, there have been a lot of tensions that have been building up," says Combs. "So to have a film that speaks to the resilience and excellence of black people, that resonated."

The fact that T'Challa listens to Killmonger-even if he doesn't agree with everything he says-helps unite audiences. "We got an opportunity to tell a story in that setting that's grappling with some of these universal themes," Coogler says. "It was like, 'We gotta try and make it work for people who we wouldn't imagine would be the target audience.'"

***

This may be remembered as the year that Hollywood finally realized that diversity is good business. Within the past 12 months, Crazy Rich Asians became the highest-grossing romantic comedy in a decade; the Golden Globes nominated a record number of movies made by directors of color; and the boom in TV production has given new platforms to a broader range of creators.

Meanwhile, Coogler is using his newfound clout to support a diverse group of filmmakers. He produced this fall's sequel to Creed, directed by Steven Caple Jr., and will produce Space Jam 2, directed by Terence Nance and starring LeBron James. He'll also direct Black Panther 2 and a long-gestating project called Wrong Answer -another collaboration with Jordan-about an Atlanta public school cheating scandal.

He is apprehensive about spreading himself too thin. "If I am producing, am I as good of a director? I ask myself that a lot," he says. Moreover, he adds, there are fundamental issues with the way the entertainment industry discusses inclusion. "People throw around words like trend and moment," Coogler says. "Those words imply that it's going to come to an end and things are going to go back to normal. I think this is a situation where normal isn't really normal. The norm is wrong."

Coogler still feels like an outsider in Hollywood. "I'm not in the rooms consistently enough to say if the conversation has changed," he says. "And when I am in the room, they're not going to be talking about that-because I'm there."

The former athlete compares the film industry to the NBA. "At some point, someone thought it's risky to put a black person on the court, that people wouldn't buy tickets. Now owners are like, 'I just want to win games, and I want the best player,'" he says. "What I hope, for this industry, is we're transitioning from it even being a question that movies made by people of color or minorities are a risk."

Black Panther proved that a black superhero could make money. And that may lead studios to believe that a Latinx superhero or Muslim superhero or a queer superhero could make plenty of money, too. (Marvel is reportedly fast-tracking an Asian superhero movie.) But Coogler proved something else that's not as easy to quantify: in a year marked by division, a movie can unite people. Black Panther is important not just because of the tickets it sold-but also because of the way it made people feel.

***

Back at the screening in Marin, Black Panther is playing to a rapt audience. The film ends with a prescient declaration from T'Challa: "In times of crisis, the wise build bridges, but the foolish build barriers." The line draws mumbles and nods from the audience. It's just a few days after the U.S. Border Patrol fired tear gas into a crowd of migrants at the U.S.-Mexico border.

Next door to the theater, Coogler is talking about the movies he saw on the big screen as a child. When he was six, he watched Spike Lee's Malcolm X at Oakland's Grand Lake Theater while perched on his father's lap so he could see. "I had never seen a black man that powerful onscreen," Coogler says. When Malcolm died in the film, father and son wept together.

Coogler looks down at his coffee for a moment, wary of inviting comparisons between himself and Lee, one of his role models. But the kids who donned Black Panther masks or replaced dolls of princesses with action figures of T'Challa's tech-savvy sister Shuri are starved for big-screen heroes. And Black Panther allows them to believe the same thing a young Coogler did when he saw Lee's film: that they, too, could grow up to be powerful.

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Ryan Coogler: TIME Person of the Year Runner Up

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The Smith Rafael Film Center in Marin County, Calif., doesn't look anything like the places where Ryan Coogler saw movies as a child.

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Beth Behrs was born on December 26, 1985 in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, USA as Elizabeth Ann Behrs. Beth spent her early years on the East Coast, first in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, then in Lynchburg, Virginia, before moving with her family at the age of 15 to Marin County, just outside San Francisco. She studied drama both at high school and at the ... See full bio "

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Beth Behrs, Actress: 2 Broke Girls. Beth Behrs was born on December 26, 1985 in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, USA as Elizabeth Ann Behrs. Beth spent her early years on the East Coast, first in Lancaster, Pennsylvania, then in Lynchburg, Virginia, before moving with her family at the age of 15 to Marin County, just outside San Francisco.

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Disneyland, Walt Disney's metropolis of nostalgia, fantasy and futurism, opens on July 17, 1955. The $17 million theme park was built on 160 acres of former orange groves in Anaheim, California, and soon brought in staggering profits. Today, Disneyland hosts more than 18 million visitors a year, who spend close to $3 billion.

Walt Disney, born in Chicago in 1901, worked as a commercial artist before setting up a small studio in Los Angeles to produce animated cartoons. In 1928, his short film Steamboat Willy, starring the character "Mickey Mouse," was a national sensation. It was the first animated film to use sound, and Disney provided the voice for Mickey. From there on, Disney cartoons were in heavy demand, but the company struggled financially because of Disney's insistence on ever-improving artistic and technical quality. His first feature-length cartoon, Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1938), took three years to complete and was a great commercial success.

Snow White was followed by other feature-length classics for children, such as Pinocchio (1940), Dumbo (1941), and Bambi (1942). Fantasia (1940), which coordinated animated segments with famous classical music pieces, was an artistic and technical achievement. In Song of the South (1946), Disney combined live actors with animated figures, and beginning with Treasure Island in 1950 the company added live-action movies to its repertoire. Disney was also one of the first movie studios to produce film directly for television, and its Zorro and Davy Crockett series were very popular with children.

In the early 1950s, Walt Disney began designing a huge amusement park to be built near Los Angeles. He intended Disneyland to have educational as well as amusement value and to entertain adults and their children. Land was bought in the farming community of Anaheim, about 25 miles southeast of Los Angeles, and construction began in 1954. In the summer of 1955, special invitations were sent out for the opening of Disneyland on July 17. Unfortunately, the pass was counterfeited and thousands of uninvited people were admitted into Disneyland on opening day. The park was not ready for the public: food and drink ran out, a women's high-heel shoe got stuck in the wet asphalt of Main Street USA, and the Mark Twain Steamboat nearly capsized from too many passengers.

Disneyland soon recovered, however, and attractions such as the Castle, Mr. Toad's Wild Ride, Snow White's Adventures, Space Station X-1, Jungle Cruise, and Stage Coach drew countless children and their parents. Special events and the continual building of new state-of-the-art attractions encouraged them to visit again. In 1965, work began on an even bigger Disney theme park and resort near Orlando, Florida. Walt Disney died in 1966, and Walt Disney World was opened in his honor on October 1, 1971. Epcot Center, Disney-MGM Studios, and Animal Kingdom were later added to Walt Disney World, and it remains Florida's premier tourist attraction. In 1983, Disneyland Tokyo opened in Japan, and in 1992 Disneyland Paris-or "EuroDisney"-opened in Marne-la-Vallee. Disneyland in Hong Kong opened its doors in September 2005.

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Disneyland opens | July 17, 1955 | HISTORY

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Disneyland, Walt Disney's metropolis of nostalgia, fantasy and futurism, opens its doors in Anaheim, California.

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Manzanar

National Historic Site California

In 1942, the United States government ordered more than 110,000 men, women, and children to leave their homes and detained them in remote, military-style camps. Manzanar War Relocation Center was one of ten camps where Japanese American citizens and resident Japanese aliens were incarcerated during World War II.

Learn About the Park

Explore news releases, curriculum, history & culture articles, photo galleries and more to learn about Manzanar!

Last updated: May 11, 2020

Explore and Discover Manzanar

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Manzanar National Historic Site (U.S. National Park Service)

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Manzanar National Historic Site California In 1942, the United States government ordered more than 110,000 men, women, and children to leave their homes and detained them in remote, military-style camps. Manzanar War Relocation Center was one of ten camps where Japanese American citizens and resident Japanese aliens were incarcerated during World War II.

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Yes, we can!

Widely recognized as the most important Latino leader in the United States during the twentieth century, César E. Chávez led farm workers and supporters in the establishment of the country's first permanent agricultural union. His leadership brought sustained international attention to the plight of U.S. farm workers, and secured for them higher wages and safer working conditions Read More

Virtual Tours

Use one of our virtual photo tours to explore the monument and the Nuestra Señora Reina de la Paz site.

A History of Change

The UFW grew from its roots as a farm workers union to become a national voice for the disenfranchised. Learn more about this history here.

Current Conditions

Find the most up-to-date information about available services and facility closures here.

Last updated: March 17, 2023

A New Monument is Born!

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César E. Chávez National Monument (U.S. National Park Service)

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Yes, we can! Widely recognized as the most important Latino leader in the United States during the twentieth century, César E. Chávez led farm workers and supporters in the establishment of the country's first permanent agricultural union. His leadership brought sustained international attention to the plight of U.S.

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Bounded by Mountain View and East Palo Alto, the 1,940-acre Baylands Preserve is one of the largest tracts of undisturbed marshland remaining in the San Francisco Bay. Fifteen miles of multi-use trails provide access to a unique mixture of tidal and fresh water habitats.

Many consider this area to be one of the best bird watching areas on the west coast. The preserve has a substantial resident population of birds as well as being a major migratory stopover on the Pacific Flyway.

Include walking, running or biking on 15 miles of trails; bird watching; wind surfing and boating (non-motorized craft such as canoes, kayaks or small, hand-launched boats and sailboards). The city also offers a variety of nature walks and programs on ecology and natural history. Activities and Programs

These are a few of the rules to help everyone enjoy this nature preserve:

Dogs must be on leash at all times. Report dogs off leash to the ranger station at 650-617-3156.

No collecting of plants or animals.

Groups and Special Events of 25 or more must have a permit.

Baylands Nature Preserve
Ranger Station
2500 Embarcadero Road
Palo Alto, CA 94303
650-617-3156
open.space@cityofpaloalto.org
Location Map

Open every day of the year from 8:00 a.m. until sunset. Park Hours.
Baylands Trail Map
Palo Alto Open Space Trail Map

Special Events Permit and Application

Baylands For Tomorrow - A community outreach volunteer work

Lucy Evans Baylands Nature Interpretive Center
2775 Embarcadero Road
650-329-2506
Hours of Operation:
Wednesday, 2 - 4pm

Thursday, 2 - 5pm

Saturday, 10am - 3pm

Sunday, 10am - 4pm
Holiday Closures:
November 22nd & 23rd

Dec. 25th and Jan. 1st

Sunday Naturalist Walks:

Free program; meets in the Nature Center lobby at 10:30 and 12:30

To rent, call the Junior Museum and Zoo at 650-329-2111
Location Map

Environmental Volunteers
2560 Embarcadero Road
Palo Alto, CA 94303
650 493 6800

Byxbee Park Hills (Art Park)
2375 Embarcadero Road
650-617-3156
Location Map

Baylands Athletic Center
(baseball and softball)
1900 Geng Road
650-329-2697
Location Map

Picnic Area
2500 Embarcadero Road
Adjacent to the Ranger Station Available first-come, first-serve for groups of 24 or fewer. For larger groups, see the Groups and Special Events page.

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Bounded by Mountain View and East Palo Alto, the 1,940-acre Baylands Preserve is one of the largest tracts of undisturbed marshland remaining in the San Francisco Bay. Fifteen miles of multi-use trails provide access to a unique mixture of tidal and fresh water habitats.

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About Mayor London N. Breed London Breed is the 45th Mayor of City and County of San Francisco.

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SCENIC + ICONIC + SPACIOUS

Originally built for the 1915 Panama-Pacific Exhibition, The Venue at Palace of Fine Arts is now available for corporate events, private galas, trade shows, weddings, and other events in need of a large space. Operated by Non Plus Ultra, San Francisco's most celebrated venue management company, The Venue at Palace Of Fine Arts is open Tuesday - Sunday from 10:00 am - 5:00 pm (closed on Mondays and for special events). Come inside and grab tasty food and beverages at the newly opened Cafe Plus!
DOWNLOAD VENUE INFO

CLICK THIS LINK TO SEE OTHER VENUES IN THE NON PLUS ULTRA PORTFOLIO.

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Palace of Fine Arts Event Venue in San Francisco

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Built for the 1915 Panama-Pacific exhibition, the Palace of Fine Arts is now available for corporate, private events, conferences and galas.

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The mission of Restore Hetch Hetchy is to restore the Hetch Hetchy Valley in Yosemite National Park to its natural splendor - while continuing to meet the water and power needs of all communities that depend on the Tuolumne River.

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M6.9 October 17, 1989 Loma Prieta Earthquake

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USGS Earthquake Hazards Program, responsible for monitoring, reporting, and researching earthquakes and earthquake hazards

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California's values aren't just a point of pride; they are the very fabric of our state's history and our future. California has been on the leading edge of change, enacting bold reforms that reflect those values. It is that entrepreneurial and innovative spirit that has allowed California's diversity to flourish and economy to grow and become one of the largest in the world.

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California's values aren't just a point of pride; they are the very fabric of our state's history and our future. California has been on the leading edge of change, enacting bold reforms that reflect those values. It is that entrepreneurial and innovative spirit that has allowed California's diversity to flourish and economy to grow and become one of the largest in the world.

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Dennis Richmond began his career at KTVU 40 years ago as a part-time typist, and has just retired as lead newscaster on Channel 2's Ten O'Clock News, a post he held for 32 years. The timeslot, one hour earlier than most late-night newscasts, opened up the demographic and gave the station a younger than usual audience. But the broadcast has never been less grown-up than its competitors, thanks in large part to Richmond's seriousness and professionalism. We'll miss this handsome gentleman, and not just because of his seemingly ageless looks. In an era of ridiculously incendiary blowhards who masquerade as newscasters, it was nice to have a local anchor with a cool and calm demeanor who did his best to present the news in a levelheaded, unbiased, and dignified fashion.

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Dennis Richmond began his career at KTVU 40 years ago as a part-time typist, and has just retired as lead newscaster on Channel 2's Ten O'Clock News, a post he held for 32 years. The timeslot, one hour earlier than most late-night newscasts, opened up the demographic and gave the station a younger than usual audience.

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Floating freely on the flight deck, Sally Ride communicates with ground controllers in Houston during her STS-7 mission in June 1983.

Credit: NASA

Sally Ride became the first American woman to go into space when she flew on the space shuttle Challenger on June 18, 1983. She made two shuttle flights, and later became a champion for science education and a role model for generations. Ride died of cancer in 2012.

Born in Encino, Calif., on May 26, 1951, Sally Kristen Ride was the older of two daughters of Dale B. Ride and Carol Joyce (Anderson) Ride. Her father was a professor of political science and her mother was a counselor. While neither had a background in the physical sciences, she credited them with fostering her deep interest in science by encouraging her to explore.

An athletic youngster, Ride attended Westlake High School for Girls, a prep school in Los Angeles, on a partial tennis scholarship. She graduated in 1968. After a brief foray into professional tennis, she returned to California to attend Stanford University. There she received a bachelor of science degree in physics and a bachelor of arts degree in English in 1973. Furthering her studies at Stanford, she obtained a master of science degree in 1975 and a doctorate in physics in 1978, according to a NASA biography of Ride.

After completing her studies at Stanford, Ride applied to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Besting thousands of applicants, Ride was selected as one of NASA's first six female astronauts and began spaceflight training in 1978.

Ride started her aeronautics career on the ground, serving as a capsule communicator (CAPCOM) as part of the ground-support crew for the second (November 1981) and third (March 1982) shuttle flights.

At 32, Ride experienced her first spaceflight as a mission specialist on STS-7, NASA's seventh shuttle mission, aboard the space shuttle Challenger. The mission launched on June 18, 1983, and returned to Earth on June 24. Tasks on the mission included launching communications satellites for Canada and Indonesia. The astronauts also conducted the first successful satellite deployment and retrieval in space using the shuttle's robotic arm. During the flight, Ride became the first woman to operate the shuttle's robotic arm.

Ride's history-making Challenger mission was not her only spaceflight. She also became the first American woman to travel to space a second time when she launched on another Challenger mission, STS-41-G, on Oct. 5, 1984. That mission lasted nine days. On that flight, she used the shuttle's robotic arm to remove ice from the shuttle's exterior and to readjust a radar antenna. Ride was assigned to a third shuttle mission, but her crew's training was cut short by the Challenger disaster in January 1986. [Images: Sally Ride: First American Woman in Space]

While Ride shaped the future of space aeronautics on her first historic Challenger flight, she continued to influence the space program after her days of space travel were over. Ride served on the accident investigation boards set up in response to the two space shuttle tragedies - Challenger in 1986 and Columbia in 2003. In 2009, she participated in the Augustine committee that helped define NASA's spaceflight goals.

From 1982 to 1987, Ride was married to fellow astronaut Steven Hawley. They had no children.

Former astronaut Sally Ride talks to young women at the Sally Ride Science Festival, held at the University of Central Florida, Orlando, Fla., in 2003.

Credit: NASA

After she left NASA in 1987, her passion for space and science continued. Ride joined Stanford University Center for International Security and Arms Control. She later became a professor of physics at the University of California, San Diego. She served as president of Space.com from 1999 to 2000.

Believing that it was important encourage students - especially girls - to embrace the study of science, she co-founded Sally Ride Science, a science outreach company, in 2001, with her partner, Tam O'Shaughnessy. One of the company's efforts included adding the MoonKam experiment onto unmanned NASA's Grail moon gravity probes, which allowed students to choose and take their own photos of the moon from lunar orbit.

Ride also wrote five science-related children's books: "To Space and Back"; "Voyager"; "The Third Planet"; "The Mystery of Mars"; and "Exploring Our Solar System."

Ride died on July 23, 2012, at the age of 61 following a 17-month battle with pancreatic cancer.

Ride received numerous accolades shortly after her death. The spot on the moon where NASA intentionally crashed Ebb and Flow, the two gravity-mapping probes in the Grail mission, was named after her. Ride had played a key role in the project's education and outreach efforts. The U.S. Navy named a research ship after the astronaut. President Barack Obama posthumously awarded her the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian honor, in November 2013.

"As the first American woman in space, Sally did not just break the stratospheric glass ceiling, she blasted through it," Obama said. "And when she came back to Earth, she devoted her life to helping girls excel in fields like math, science and engineering."

In 2014, journalist Lynn Sherr released a book about Sally Ride called " Sally Ride: America's First Woman In Space." Sherr had covered Ride's career extensively while working for ABC News, and over the years the two women became friends. Shortly after the book was published, Sherr did an interview with Space.com partner collectSPACE about Ride's career and the importance of the women's movement in her life.

O'Shaughnessy also wrote a children's biography of Ride, called " Sally Ride: A Photobiography of America's Pioneering Woman in Space." In an interview with Space.com, O'Shaughnessy said Sherr did an excellent job in her family-approved biography, but she wanted another to write another one to convey Ride's message to children.

"I started thinking about doing one myself for kids, and trying to do it as appropriately as I could with all the issues of death and being gay and being a gay couple, and Sally being such a hero to so many people," she said in a Space.com interview in 2015.

In late 2017, the U.S. Postal Service announced that Ride's image would appear on a stamp in 2018. The design portrays a painted portrait of Ride as she appeared around the time of her first spaceflight in 1983. Behind her is a space shuttle heading into space. "Sally Ride inspired the nation as a pioneering astronaut, brilliant physicist and dedicated educator," the USPS said in a press release at the time.

Additional reporting by Elizabeth Howell, Space.com contributor

Additional resources

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Sally Ride: First American Woman in Space

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Sally Ride became the first American woman to go into space when she flew on the space shuttle Challenger on June 18, 1983. She made two shuttle flights, and later became a champion for science education and a role model for generations. Ride died of cancer in 2012.

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About

No matter the diversity of beliefs, we all know we live in a world full of problems. Yet, one of the biggest problems is that not enough of us realize that we also live in a world full of solutions - and then live our lives as these solutions in action.

This site is dedicated to providing resources and tools for information, inspiration, connection, and action. Within the pages of this site, may you find support in recognizing that you are more powerful than you could possibly imagine.

May you know that your every thought, word, and action makes a difference. May you celebrate that living your commitments and visions in service to our planetary family not only makes a difference, but also creates more joy and fulfillment in your life.

The question we need to ask ourselves is not, "Can one person make a difference?" Each and every one of us does make a difference. It is actually impossible to not make a difference. So the question we need to ask ourselves is: "What kind of a difference do I want to make?"

We are the ancestors of the future. What do you want your legacy to be?

One absolutely does make a difference. But you are not alone. We are part of a global family. Life is precious. Enjoy the journey.

Enjoy this site.

About

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About No matter the diversity of beliefs, we all know we live in a world full of problems. Yet, one of the biggest problems is that not enough of us realize that we also live in a world full of solutions - and then live our lives as these solutions in action.

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MAHERSHALA ALI is fast becoming one of the freshest and most in-demand faces in Hollywood with his extraordinarily diverse skill set and wide-ranging...

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Laurence YepnovelistBorn: 6/14/1948Birthplace: San Francisco Yep has won several awards for his novels for young adults. His books often deal with alienation, drawing on his own experiences as an outsider. Yep was born and raised in a black neighborhood and educated in San Francisco's Chinatown, although he didn't speak Chinese.

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Moffett Federal Airfield (MFA), was previous called Naval Air Station (NAS) Moffett Field. It is currently operated by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). NASA has continued the tenant program begun by the Navy, hosting several other organizations at MFA including the Naval Reserve, the California Air National Guard, and Onizuka Air Force Base. Control of on-base and off-base housing was transferred to Onizuka Air Force Base. Currently, NASA is continuing to operate MFA as a restricted federal airfield, but is also considering other uses of the property that will support its mission.

Despite its closure as an active military base, Moffett Field still has many active facilities and residents. Active military families still live on Moffett Community Housing, and the former base has several lodges which primarily house academics and students associated with the Ames Research Center. Moffett Field's facilities available to residents include a pool, post office, golf course, and tennis courts.
Location
158 Cody Road
Mountain View, CA 94035

Located in Santa Clara County, California, near the southern tip of San Francisco Bay, MFA encompasses approximately 2,200 acres. It is bordered on the north by salt evaporation ponds which are adjacent to San Francisco Bay, on the west by Stevens Creek and NASA's Ames Research Facility, on the south by Highway 101, and on the east by the Lockheed Aerospace Center. MFA is surrounded by a security fence, and access is limited to personnel, residents, and authorized visitors. Although the NASA-Ames property is distinct from the Moffett Federal Airfield property, NASA-Ames is located within the Moffett Field perimeter security fence.)
History
In 1933, the United States Government commissioned Sunnyvale Naval Air Station which was later renamed NAS Moffett Field. The original mission of the Naval Air Station was to serve as a home base for the Navy dirigible the U.S.S. Macon. Later, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) established what would eventually become NASA Ames Research Center adjacent to the Naval Air Station.

Moffett Field was closed as a military base on July 1, 1994. Supervision of Moffett's many facilities, two runways, and three aircraft hangars was turned over to NASA Ames Research Center. NASA now operates Moffett Field as part of NASA Ames Research Center. Adaptive re-use of historic buildings is being planned and implemented by NASA at Moffett Field

Historic Hangar One was slated to become SpaceWorld Hangar One, a planned interactive space and science center, but polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been found in the building which, due to their toxicity to humans and the environment, must be re mediated or contained. The US Navy, in cooperation with the Environmental Protection Agency, Regional Water Quality Control Board, and other community stakeholders, is in the process of determining how best to remove the threat the hangar poses to the public and the environment. At this juncture, the decision to either tear down or clean up Hangar One has not been reached.
Contact Information
129th RQW Public Affairs
680 Macon Road, Stop 20
Moffett FAF, CA 94035

For directory assistance,
call 650.603.9129.

CNG Public Affairs
916.854.3304

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Moffett Federal Airfield (MFA), was previous called Naval Air Station (NAS) Moffett Field. It is currently operated by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). NASA has continued the tenant program begun by the Navy, hosting several other organizations at MFA including the Naval Reserve, the California Air National Guard, and Onizuka Air Force Base.

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Start your trip with a visit to one of the most iconic spans in the world. With towers soaring 746 feet/227 meters into the sky, its span arcing across the mouth of San Francisco Bay, and all of it painted fire-engine red, the Golden Gate...

End your road trip by exploring one of the world's great cities. Famous for grand-dame Victorians, classic cable cars, dynamic diversity, a beautiful waterfront, and a soaring crimson bridge, the "City by the Bay" truly has it all. Trend-defining cuisine ranging from Michelin-starred dining to...

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Welcome to California's tech-centric brain pool. Wrapping around the south end of San Francisco Bay, the communities collectively known as Silicon Valley are home base for the heart and soul of computer technology, including silicon chip technology, computer design, apps and Apples, smart phones-smart everything.

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The son of migrant farm workers, Herrera was educated at UCLA and Stanford University, and he earned his MFA from the University of Iowa Writers' Workshop. His numerous poetry collections include 187 Reasons Mexicanos Can't Cross the Border: Undocuments 1971-2007, Half of the World in Light: New and Selected Poems (2008), and Border-Crosser with a Lamborghini Dream (1999).

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The Feminist Seed Is Planted

Dolores Clara Fernandez was born on April 10, 1930 in Dawson, a small mining town in the mountains of northern New Mexico. Her father Juan Ferånández, a farm worker and miner by trade, was a union activist who ran for political office and won a seat in the New Mexico legislature in 1938. Dolores spent most of her childhood and early adult life in Stockton, California where she and her two brothers moved with their mother, following her parents' divorce.

According to Dolores, her mother's independence and entrepreneurial spirit was one of the primary reasons she became a feminist. Dolores' mother Alicia was known for her kindness and compassion towards others. She offered rooms at affordable rates in her 70 room hotel, which she acquired after years of hard work. Alicia welcomed low-wage workers in the hotel, and often, waived the fee for them altogether. She was an active participant in community affairs, involved in numerous civic organizations and the church. Alicia encouraged the cultural diversity that was a natural part of Dolores' upbringing in Stockton. The agricultural community where they lived was made up of Mexican, Filipino, African-American, Japanese and Chinese working families.

Alicia's community activism was reflected in Dolores' involvement as a student at Stockton High School. She was active in numerous school clubs, was a majorette, and a dedicated member of the Girl Scouts until the age of 18. Upon graduating Dolores continued her education at the University of Pacific's Delta College in Stockton earning a provisional teaching credential. During this time she married Ralph Head and had two daughters, Celeste and Lori. While teaching she could no longer bear to see her students come to school with empty stomachs and bare feet, and thus began her lifelong journey of working to correct economic injustice.
An Organizer is Born

Dolores found her calling as an organizer while serving in the leadership of the Stockton Community Service Organization (CSO). During this time she founded the Agricultural Workers Association, set up voter registration drives and pressed local governments for barrio improvements. It was in 1955 through CSO founder Fred Ross, Sr. that she would meet a likeminded colleague, CSO Executive Director César E. Chávez. The two soon discovered that they shared a common vision of organizing farm workers, an idea that was not in line with the CSO's mission.

As a result, in the spring of 1962 César and Dolores resigned from the CSO, and launched the National Farm Workers Association. Dolores' organizing skills were essential to the growth of this budding organization. The challenges she faced as a woman did not go unnoted and in one of her letters to Cesar she joked..."Being a now (ahem) experienced lobbyist, I am able to speak on a man-to-man basis with other lobbyists."

The first testament to her lobbying and negotiating talents were demonstrated in securing Aid For Dependent Families ("AFDC") and disability insurance for farm workers in the State of California in 1963, an unparalleled feat of the times. She was also instrumental in the enactment of the Agricultural Labor Relations Act of 1975. This was the first law of its kind in the United States, granting farm workers in California the right to collectively organize and bargain for better wages and working conditions

While the farm workers lacked financial capitol they were able to wield significant economic power through hugely successful boycotts at the ballot box with grassroots campaigning. As the principal legislative advocate, Dolores became one of the UFW's most visible spokespersons. Robert F. Kennedy acknowledged her help in winning the 1968 California Democratic Presidential Primary moments before he was shot in Los Angeles. Throughout the years she has worked to elect numerous candidates including President Clinton, Congressman Ron Dellums, Governor Jerry Brown, Congresswoman Hilda Solis and Hillary Clinton.
Women's Liberation

As much as she was Cesar's right hand she could also be the greatest thorn in his side. The two were infamous for their blow out arguments an element that was a natural part of their working relationship. Dolores viewed this as a healthy and necessary part of the growth process of any worthwhile collaboration. While Dolores was busy breaking down one gender barrier after another, she was seemingly unaware of the tremendous impact she was having on, not only farm worker woman but also young women everywhere.

While directing the first National Boycott of California Table Grapes out of New York she came into contact with Gloria Steinem and the burgeoning feminist movement who rallied behind the cause. Quickly she realized they shared much in common. Having found a supportive voice with other feminists, Dolores consciously began to challenge gender discrimination within the farm workers' movement.

Non-Violence Is Our Strength

Early on, Dolores advocated for the entire family's participation in the movement. After all it was men, women and children together out in the fields picking, thinning and hoeing. Thus the practice of non-violence was not only a philosophy but a very necessary approach in providing for the safety of all. Her life and the safety of those around her were in jeopardy on countless occasions. The greatest sacrifice to the movement was made by five martyrs all of whom she knew personally.

At age 58 Dolores suffered a life-threatening assault while protesting against the policies of then presidential candidate George Bush in San Francisco. A baton-wielding officer broke four ribs and shattered her spleen. Public outrage resulted in the San Francisco Police Department changing its policies regarding crowd control and police discipline and Dolores was awarded an out of court settlement.
Following a lengthy recovery she took a leave of absence from the union to focus on women's rights. She traversed the country for two years on behalf of the Feminist Majority's Feminization of Power: 50/50 by the year 2000 Campaign encouraging Latina's to run for office. The campaign resulted in a significant increase in the number of women representatives at the local, state and federal levels. She also served as National Chair of the 21st Century Party founded in 1992 on the principles that women make up 52% of the party's candidates and that officers must reflect the ethnic diversity of the nation.

Her Second Wind

At 83, Dolores Huerta continues to work tirelessly developing leaders and advocating for the working poor, women, and children. As founder and president of the Dolores Huerta Foundation, she travels across the country engaging in campaigns and influencing legislation that supports equality and defends civil rights. She often speaks to students and organizations about issues of social justice and public policy.

There are thousands of working poor immigrants in the agriculture rich San Joaquin Valley of California. They are unfamiliar with laws or agencies that can protect them or benefits that they are entitled to. They are often preyed upon by unscrupulous individuals who take advantage of them. They often feel hopeless and unable to remedy their situations.

Dolores teaches these individuals that they have personal power that needs to be coupled with responsibility and cooperation to create the changes needed to improve their lives.

It is rarely practiced today because it is tedious and time consuming. However, the results are long lasting and while people are in the process of building organization, they are learning lessons they will never forget and the transformative roots are planted. The fruit is the leadership that is developed and the permanent changes in the community. In other words, this is how grass roots democracy works.

Recognitions And Awards

There are four elementary schools in California, one in Fort Worth, Texas, and a high school in Pueblo, Colorado named after Dolores Huerta.
She was inducted into the California Hall of Fame in March of 2013. She has received numerous awards: among them The Eleanor Roosevelt Humans Rights Award from President Clinton in l998, Ms. Magazine's One of the Three Most Important Women of l997, Ladies Home Journal's 100 Most Important Woman of the 20th Century, The Puffin Foundation's Award for Creative Citizenship: Labor Leader Award 1984, The Kern County Woman of The Year Award from the California State Legislature, The Ohtli Award from the Mexican Government, The Smithsonian Institution - James Smithson Award, and Nine Honorary Doctorates from Universities throughout the United States.

In 2012 President Obama bestowed Dolores with her most prestigious award, The Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award in the United States. Upon receiving this award Dolores said, "The freedom of association means that people can come together in organization to fight for solutions to the problems they confront in their communities. The great social justice changes in our country have happened when people came together, organized, and took direct action. It is this right that sustains and nurtures our democracy today. The civil rights movement, the labor movement, the women's movement, and the equality movement for our LGBT brothers and sisters are all manifestations of these rights. I thank President Obama for raising the importance of organizing to the highest level of merit and honor."

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The Feminist Seed Is Planted Dolores Clara Fernandez was born on April 10, 1930 in Dawson, a small mining town in the mountains of northern New Mexico. Her father Juan Ferånández, a farm worker and miner by trade, was a union activist who ran for political office and won a seat in the New Mexico legislature in 1938.

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George Walton Lucas, Jr. was raised on a walnut ranch in Modesto, California. His father was a stationery store owner and he had three siblings. ...

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Referred to in recent years as "The Future of Women's Snowboarding," it's clearly now safe to call Chloe Kim the "Now of Women's Snowboarding."

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Serena Williams vs Venus Williams | TENNIS.com - Live Scores, News, Player Rankings

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TENNIS.com - Live Scores, Tennis News, Player Ranking, and Complete Tournament Data.

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Who Was Steve Jobs?

Steven Paul Jobs was an American inventor, designer and entrepreneur who was the co-founder, chief executive and chairman of Apple Computer. Apple's revolutionary products, which include the iPod, iPhone and iPad, are now seen as dictating the evolution of modern technology.

Born in 1955 to two University of Wisconsin graduate students who gave him up for adoption, Jobs was smart but directionless, dropping out of college and experimenting with different pursuits before co-founding Apple with Steve Wozniak in 1976. Jobs left the company in 1985, launching Pixar Animation Studios, then returned to Apple more than a decade later. Jobs died in 2011 following a long battle with pancreatic cancer.

Steve Jobs' Parents and Adoption

Jobs was born to Joanne Schieble (later Joanne Simpson) and Abdulfattah "John" Jandali, two University of Wisconsin graduate students. The couple gave up their unnamed son for adoption.

Jobs' father, Jandali, was a Syrian political science professor. His mother, Schieble, worked as a speech therapist. Shortly after Jobs was placed for adoption, his biological parents married and had another child, Mona Simpson. It was not until Jobs was 27 that he was able to uncover information on his biological parents.

As an infant, Jobs was adopted by Clara and Paul Jobs and named Steven Paul Jobs. Clara worked as an accountant and Paul was a Coast Guard veteran and machinist.

Early Life

Jobs was born on February 24, 1955, in San Francisco, California. He lived with his adoptive family in Mountain View, California, within the area that would later become known as Silicon Valley.

As a boy, Jobs and his father worked on electronics in the family garage. Paul showed his son how to take apart and reconstruct electronics, a hobby that instilled confidence, tenacity and mechanical prowess in young Jobs.

Steve Jobs' Education and College

While Jobs was always an intelligent and innovative thinker, his youth was riddled with frustrations over formal schooling. Jobs was a prankster in elementary school due to boredom, and his fourth-grade teacher needed to bribe him to study. Jobs tested so well, however, that administrators wanted to skip him ahead to high school - a proposal that his parents declined.

After high school, Jobs enrolled at Reed College in Portland, Oregon. Lacking direction, he dropped out of college after six months and spent the next 18 months dropping in on creative classes at the school. Jobs later recounted how one course in calligraphy developed his love of typography.

In 1974, Jobs took a position as a video game designer with Atari. Several months later he left the company to find spiritual enlightenment in India, traveling further and experimenting with psychedelic drugs.

Steve Wozniak and Steve Jobs

Back when Jobs was enrolled at Homestead High School, he was introduced to his future partner and co-founder of Apple Computer, Wozniak, who was attending the University of California, Berkeley.

In a 2007 interview with PC World, Wozniak spoke about why he and Jobs clicked so well: "We both loved electronics and the way we used to hook up digital chips," Wozniak said. "Very few people, especially back then, had any idea what chips were, how they worked and what they could do. I had designed many computers, so I was way ahead of him in electronics and computer design, but we still had common interests. We both had pretty much sort of an independent attitude about things in the world."

Founding and Leaving Apple Computer

In 1976, when Jobs was just 21, he and Wozniak started Apple Computer in the Jobs' family garage. They funded their entrepreneurial venture by Jobs selling his Volkswagen bus and Wozniak selling his beloved scientific calculator. Jobs and Wozniak are credited with revolutionizing the computer industry with Apple by democratizing the technology and making machines smaller, cheaper, intuitive and accessible to everyday consumers.

Wozniak conceived of a series of user-friendly personal computers, and - with Jobs in charge of marketing - Apple initially marketed the computers for $666.66 each. The Apple I earned the corporation around $774,000. Three years after the release of Apple's second model, the Apple II, the company's sales increased by 700 percent to $139 million.

In 1980, Apple Computer became a publicly-traded company, with a market value of $1.2 billion by the end of its very first day of trading. Jobs looked to marketing expert John Sculley of Pepsi-Cola to take over the role of CEO for Apple.

The next several products from Apple suffered significant design flaws, however, resulting in recalls and consumer disappointment. IBM suddenly surpassed Apple in sales, and Apple had to compete with an IBM/PC-dominated business world.

In 1984, Apple released the Macintosh, marketing the computer as a piece of a counterculture lifestyle: romantic, youthful, creative. But despite positive sales and performance superior to IBM's PCs, the Macintosh was still not IBM-compatible.

Sculley believed Jobs was hurting Apple, and the company's executives began to phase him out. Not actually having had an official title with the company he co-founded, Jobs was pushed into a more marginalized position and thus left Apple in 1985.

NeXT

After leaving Apple in 1985, Jobs began a new hardware and software enterprise called NeXT, Inc. The company floundered in its attempts to sell its specialized operating system to mainstream America, and Apple eventually bought the company in 1996 for $429 million.

Reinventing Apple

In 1997, Jobs returned to his post as Apple's CEO. Just as Jobs instigated Apple's success in the 1970s, he is credited with revitalizing the company in the 1990s.

With a new management team, altered stock options and a self-imposed annual salary of $1 a year, Jobs put Apple back on track. Jobs' ingenious products (like the iMac), effective branding campaigns and stylish designs caught the attention of consumers once again.

In the ensuing years, Apple introduced such revolutionary products as the Macbook Air, iPod and iPhone, all of which dictated the evolution of technology. Almost immediately after Apple released a new product, competitors scrambled to produce comparable technologies.

Apple's quarterly reports improved significantly in 2007: Stocks were worth $199.99 a share-a record-breaking number at that time - and the company boasted a staggering $1.58 billion profit, an $18 billion surplus in the bank and zero debt.

In 2008, Apple became the second-biggest music retailer in America - second only to Walmart, fueled by iTunes and iPod sales. Apple has also been ranked No. 1 on Fortune magazine's list of "America's Most Admired Companies," as well as No. 1 among Fortune 500 companies for returns to shareholders.

Steve Jobs and Pixar

In 1986, Jobs purchased an animation company from George Lucas, which later became Pixar Animation Studios. Believing in Pixar's potential, Jobs initially invested $50 million of his own money in the company.

The studio went on to produce wildly popular movies such as Toy Story, Finding Nemo and The Incredibles; Pixar's films have collectively netted $4 billion. The studio merged with Walt Disney in 2006, making Jobs Disney's largest shareholder.

In 2011, Forbes estimated the majority of Jobs' net worth at around $6.5 billion to $7 billion from his sale of Pixar to the Walt Disney Company in 2006. However if Jobs had not sold his Apple shares in 1985, when he left the company he founded and helmed for over a decade, his net worth would have been a staggering $36 billion.

Steve Jobs' Wife and Children

Jobs and Laurene Powell married on March 18, 1991. The pair met in the early 1990s at Stanford business school, where Powell was an MBA student. They lived together in Palo Alto, California, with their three children: Reed, Erin, and Eve.

Jobs also fathered a daughter, Lisa, with girlfriend Chrisann Brennan in 1978, when he was 23. He denied paternity of his daughter in court documents, claiming he was sterile.

Lisa Brennan Jobs later wrote of her childhood and relationship with Jobs in her book Small Fry, published in 2018. In 1980, Lisa wrote, DNA tests revealed that she and Jobs were a match, and he was required to begin making paternity payments to her financially struggling mother. Jobs did not initiate a relationship with his daughter until she was 7 years old. When she was a teenager, Lisa came to live with her father.

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Steve Jobs' Battle with Cancer

In 2003, Jobs discovered that he had a neuroendocrine tumor, a rare but operable form of pancreatic cancer. Instead of immediately opting for surgery, Jobs chose to alter his pesco-vegetarian diet while weighing Eastern treatment options.

For nine months, Jobs postponed surgery, making Apple's board of directors nervous. Executives feared that shareholders would pull their stock if word got out that their CEO was ill. But in the end, Jobs' confidentiality took precedence over shareholder disclosure.

In 2004, Jobs had successful surgery to remove the pancreatic tumor. True to form, in subsequent years Jobs disclosed little about his health.

Early in 2009, reports circulated about Jobs' weight loss, some predicting his health issues had returned, which included a liver transplant. Jobs responded to these concerns by stating he was dealing with a hormone imbalance. Days later, he went on a six-month leave of absence.

In an email message to employees, Jobs said his "health-related issues are more complex" than he thought, then named Tim Cook, Apple's chief operating officer, as "responsible for Apple's day-today operations."

After nearly a year out of the spotlight, Jobs delivered a keynote address at an invite-only Apple event on September 9, 2009. He continued to serve as master of ceremonies, which included the unveiling of the iPad, throughout much of 2010.

In January 2011, Jobs announced he was going on medical leave. In August, he resigned as CEO of Apple, handing the reins to Cook.

Steve Jobs' Death and Last Words

Jobs died in Palo Alto on October 5, 2011, after battling pancreatic cancer for nearly a decade. He was 56 years old.

In a eulogy for Jobs, sister Mona Simpson wrote that just before dying, Jobs looked for a long time at his sister, Patty, then his wife and children, then past them, and said his last words: "OH WOW. OH WOW. OH WOW."

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Steven Paul Jobs was an American inventor, designer and entrepreneur who was the co-founder, chief executive and chairman of Apple Computer. Apple's revolutionary products, which include the iPod, iPhone and iPad, are now seen as dictating the evolution of modern technology.