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-This was a court case that allowed segregation in the states.
-This court case caused the birth of the Jim Crow Laws and racial segregation.

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-Dred Scott, was in a free state, but was still considered to be a slave. Because of that he sued for his freedom but lost.
-Although he lost, he was one of the initial sparks for the abolitionist movement.

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-The 16th president of the United States that was also one of the reasons for the Southern states' secession.
-He was anti-slavery and passed the Emancipation Proclamation and was one of the figureheads for the Union.

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-She was a former slave that manage to escape and help other slaves escape.
-She was recognized as one of the most influential abolitionists that helped slaves in the Underground Railroad.

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-He was the Supreme Court's Chief Justice and is well known for the Madison v Marbury case.
-This case established judicial review, which added another role for the judicial branch for the separation of powers.

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-He is known as the 4th president and the man behind the Constitution.
-The Constitution is the document that is the basis of our government and explains how to run our country explicitly.

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-Also known as the 3rd president of the US, and the main author behind the Declaration of Independence.
-He wrote the Declaration of Independence which became the spark of the American Revolution. His other accomplishment was the Louisiana Purchase, which doubled the size of the United States.

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-One of the philosophers of the Enlightenment, advocated for the rights of "life, liberty, and property".
-These words inspired the Declaration of Independence and the rights of "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness".

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-He was a colonists that wanted Catholics and Protestants to live amongst one another peacefully.
-He later established Maryland, the state that was mainly populated with Catholics.

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-These laws passed, and we the peak of segregation in the South.
-These laws segregated every basic part of life, giving African Americans separate facilities and areas than the

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-Since anyone was allowed the right to vote, poll taxes were a policy that was imposed to whomever wanted to vote.
-This was the earlier forms of segregation since the slaves were freed. This was on of the four obstacles African Americans had to encounter in order to be able to vote.

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-This was created after the Civil War to help African Americans recuperate and start a new life as free people.
-This group was active during the Reconstruction era and helped many freed slaves and poor white people find homes for themselves.

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-This amendment states that anyone regardless of color has the right to vote.
-This brought the rising of many violent racist groups (KKK) and ridiculous policies such as literacy tests and the grandfather clause.

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-This amendment states that former slaves were granted citizenship.
-This is slowly gravitating to the statement of "all men are created equal" by granting citizenship to African Americans.

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-This amendment states that slavery is not allowed in the states.
-This was the official declaration that slavery was prohibited in the United States.

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-It was a short and temporary era after the Civil War, where slavery was completely abolished and the states (especially in the South) had to recover.
-Although slavery was abolished, there was a tremendous amount of racism especially in the South. However, this was the start for African Americans to be paid for labor.

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-A document freeing slaves that were in the 'states of war', or the states that had seceded from the Union.
-This caused the seceding states to be even more infuriated, but inched the states to free all slaves.

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-The claim that slavery had to end as soon as possible in the United States.
-This eventually led to the division between the north and the south, leading to the civil war.

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-The 2nd Great Awakening was a religious movement in the United States.
-This awakening brought in the new ideas such as temperance, abolition, and women's rights.

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-The idea that America has every absolute right to expand their borders west.
-"From sea to shining sea". America fights a series of wars to eventually gain all the land in the west.

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-A new religious group that was formed in 1830 by Joseph Smith.
-They received a tremendous amount of religious persecution, they migrated west and settled in Salt Lake City, Utah. Thus the Mormon Trail was born.

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-It was the removal and relocation of Native Americans to the far west, resulting in the deaths of many.
-This decreased the Native American population in North America tremendously and later gives the Americans the idea of Manifest Destiny.

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-President Monroe stated that no European country can try to colonize any country in the western hemisphere.
-This made America bolder and distinguished that it isn't a 'pushover' country.

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-Sold by Napoleon, the States obtained much more land west of the Appalachian Mountains.
-This doubled the size of the States and was Louis & Clark's famous trailblazing.

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-Established after the Marbury vs. Madison case, this granted the judiciary branch to deem any passed laws as unconstitutional and remove it.
-This granted the judiciary branch more equality with separation of powers.

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- This clause states that Congress cannot claim an official religion for the country.
-This is the other half of the statements regarding the freedom of religion. This grants everyone to practice any religion they want.

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-Apart of the 1st Amendment, it states that anyone can practice any religion and can not be denied.
-This is 1/2 of the statements regarding the freedom of religion in the States.

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-Also known to be the first 10 Amendments of the Constitution, establishes and recognizes the natural rights everyone is entitled to.
-These rights are apart of the Constitution and are the natural rights everyone has,

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-It is a relationship between the federal government and the states' governments.
-This is was one of the reasons the Articles of Confederation was rewritten. This is still present in today's government and gives a balance of power between the states and the government.

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-They were those who were against the Constitution.
-They were the Federalists' political party opponent.

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-They were those who were in support of the Constitution.
-This later became one of the two political parties.

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-Many states felt that they weren't getting enough representation and had a major dispute on how the legislative branch should be represented.
-The compromise was the formation of two houses in the legislative branch: the House of Representatives (which each state had a certain amount of representatives based on population) and the Senate (where every state had equal representation).

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-This document was formed before the Constitution, and temporarily was how the colonies ran themselves.
-This document gave the states too much power, leaving the central gov't weak. Since this document caused too many problems, it was tossed and hence the Constitution was formed.

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-Originating from the ideas of the Enlightenment, these rights are guaranteed to the people and is stated in the Constitution.
-These rights are rights that every human is guaranteed to have and cannot be denied under any circumstances. These rights are the basis of the Constitution.

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-The official document that colonists sent to King George of England declaring that they want to break free from England.
-This document was a formal claim that they were to declare war and fight for their independence.

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-A series of wars between the British and the colonists that eventually led to the independence of the colonies.
-These wars not only gained independence from England, but also gave the opportunity to test out the new form of government, democracy.

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-A secret group formed to go against the British's taxation and fight for colonists.
-They are well known for waking up the colonists with Paul Revere's Midnight Ride and for battling against the Stamp Act.

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-Also called the 7 Years war, it was a dispute on the land beyond the Appalachian Mountains, which caused a war between the British and the French. It was the French teamed with the Indians against the British and the colonists.
-Although the British and colonists won, the British was in a lot of debt due to the amount spent on weapons. To fix this problem, the British began to heavily tax the colonists which eventually became one of the reasons for the DOI.

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-Also called checks and balances, it is a system that breaks the central government into three branches, limiting each branches' power.
-This system is for our government so no branch has too much power. Between the legislative, judicial, and executive branch, they all have one role over the other so they equate with one another.

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-An era where philosophers encouraged the ideas of challenging the accepted ideas and promoted individuality.
-This era prompted the Declaration of Independence, getting the colonies to question King George's authority. Ideas from the Enlightenment later were included in the Constitution, which establishes the natural rights for all of the citizens.