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* Massachusetts was the first state to use taxes to set up public school free from religion.
* They only accept wealthy people and not poor.
* Many American couldn't read or write because they did not go to school.

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* They did not have enough food to feed the people in prisons.
* The prisons was poorly heated.
* It was in cramped conditions.
* People was also filled with debtors.

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* They could not vote.
* They could not serve on juries.
* They could not attend College.
* They could not enter profession like medicine or law.
* They also had limited rights in land ownership.

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* Alcohol was considered to be morally wrong.
* Many woman's took part in this social reform.
*_R_E_F_O_R_M_*
* Gave woman a voice
* Would lead to prohibition.
* Rose awareness about abuse and domestic violence.

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* Encouraged people to return to god.
* Their listeners prayed, shouted,sang hymns and sometimes even cried for hours or fell down in frenzies.

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* Movement called for an end to slavery.
* Abolitionists were the reformers working to end slavery all over US.

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* Better Roads.
* Faster steamboats and River Travel.
* Efficient Railway System.

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* The Northern economy grew rapidly after 1800 by 1860 the value of manufacturing in the North was significantly greater

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Geography of the North                         

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Geography of the North                         

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* All the northern states experienced four distinct seasons.
* Freezing winters, Humid summers.
* Different areas of the North had distinctive natural features.

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* In the north there were a variety of climates and natural features.
* Northerners adapted to these geographical difference by creating different industries and ways of making a living.

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* Mild winters and long,humid summers.
* Plentiful rainfall and long growing seasons.
* A perfect place for raising warm-weather crops that would have withered and died farther north.
* Flat rivers. Many of the South's earliest towns were built at the mouths of rivers.

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* The south economy was based on agriculture many white southerners were agrarians who favored a way of life based on farming.

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* River travel was the south's main form of transportation.
* Most southerns towns and cities sprang up long along waterways.

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* Treated as things not people.
* worked as heavy farm labor, servants, housekeepers, butlers or nannies.
* Received punishments such as whippings.
* Families were often broken apart.

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* 6% of them are free slaves.
* Still excluded from all but the most mental jobs
* Children could not attend public schools
* Could not vote
* Could not serve on juries
* Could not testify against a white person in court

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* Breaking tools,fences * Working slowly *Slaves pretending to be dumb, clumsy, blind or crazy to avoid or sabotage work

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* Over 180,000 served
* made up 10% of the union army by the end of the war.
* Faced discrimination while serving like they were paid less than white troops, they were segregated troops with white officers.

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* Riffles and canons had become more powerful, accurate and deadly proving old fights tactics obsolete and causing devastating casualties on both sides
* First use ironclads warships covered with iron plates.

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* Naval blockade of southern seaports to block import of manufactured goods and block the sale of cotton exports
* Control the Miss. River to cripple southern transportation link and split the South in two
* Seize Confederate capital, Richmond (100 miles from D.C.)

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* Defend until North gets tired of fighting and gives up
* Get help from Britain and other European allies.

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* Very Accurate
* Could shoot 200 to 500  yards.
* 3 shots per minute in 1861

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* confederates had excellent generals too
* Defending is way easier than attacking
* Farmers fight better than factory workers
* profitable economy based on cotton exports

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* The population was 22 million
* 90% of the industrial goods were made there
* Efficient railroad system
* controlled the navy
* capable military leaders

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* People who hid or helped runaway slaves would be fined and or arrested
* Fugitive slaves could not testify in court
* slaves were returned to their masters down south ]