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https://newsela.com/read/kiribati-climate-change/id/46787/
"If this never stops, I can predict what will happen in the next five or 10 years. Developed countries that continuously enjoy competition for power among themselves will forget about smaller, vulnerable countries like Kiribati who will suffer the consequences of their greed for power."

This is a reminder that our every day actions as consumers have a large impact across the world. What ethical obligations does the developed world have to the developing world?

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Vaccines are the federal law, you need to get them so then your child or you does not get diseases and not be able to get them away. This is from http://www.vaccineinformation.org/ also, if you do get vaccinated then it would help you fight off the diseases and not get them again. Finally they say, "Your child should receive 5 doses of DTaP. The first dose should be given at 2 months, the second dose at 4 months, the third dose at 6 months, the fourth dose at 15–18 months, and the fifth dose at 4–6 years." They say this so then your child won't get any harmful diseases they can't get rid of.

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https://www.cdc.gov/features/adultvaccinations/index.html

Vaccines save lives. Vaccine-preventable diseases can cause long-term illness, hospitalization, and even death. Skipping vaccines can leave you vulnerable to illnesses such as influenza (flu), pneumococcal disease, and shingles. Vaccines also protect against diseases like human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis B.

You can reduce the chance of spreading disease. Many vaccine-preventable diseases are contagious, like flu, pertussis (whooping cough), and meningitis. Getting your recommended vaccines can reduce the risk that you get sick and spread disease to others. Some people may not be able to get certain vaccines based on age, health conditions, or other factors even though they are vulnerable to illness. You help protect them by getting vaccinated!

Do you smoke or have a chronic health condition such as asthma, diabetes, heart, or lung disease? Adults with these conditions, and weakened immune systems, are more likely to develop complications from certain vaccine-preventable diseases. These complications can include long-term illness, hospitalization, and even death.

You don’t have time to get sick, and it’s costly! Adults who get a vaccine-preventable disease face financial costs of medical visits and treatment. Catching the flu may mean missing several days of work. You may not have the time to care for your children, so it could be necessary to hire a babysitter. Vaccines can help you stay healthy so you don’t waste time being sick!

Protect your health when you travel. If you are heading to the developing world, you may be exposed to illnesses not circulating in the United States. For example, a yellow fever vaccination is required for travel to parts of sub-Saharan Africa and tropical South America. CDC’s travel website provides details about what vaccinations you may need for your destination. See https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/destinations/list.

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https://www.cdc.gov/features/adultvaccinations/index.html . Vaccines save lives. Vaccine-preventable diseases can cause long-term illness, hospitalization, and even death. The artical explains the importance of vaccine.

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In the article https://vaccines.procon.org/ it says¨The American Academy of Pediatrics states that "most childhood vaccines are 90%-99% effective in preventing disease." This shows that most vaccines are effective. They help people stay healthy. This means most people don´t die or get effected badly.

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https://www.parents.com/health/vaccines/controversy/8-reasons-parents-dont-vaccinate-and-why-they-should/                             " nearly everyone got the disease in childhood, and on average 440 kids died from it annually in the decade prior."

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https://wellcome.ac.uk/news/why-do-we-need-vaccines
''So long as these diseases are around, we need vaccines to bolster our immune systems and protect us from harm. ''
We need vaccines cause if not the diseases that are out in the world will catch up to us

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https://newsela.com/read/measles-global-outbreak/id/49483/
"Even some leaders have been spreading misinformation on vaccines. For years a political group in Italy fought against vaccines." I found this article interesting because it shows how anti-vaxxers are affecting the world's health and are getting others sick.

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https://www.nvic.org/
'The minority of parents exempting from one of the dozens of doses of government recommended and mandated vaccines are being  relentlessly stereotyped, demonized and bullied."
I thought this was interesting because most parents chose to vaccinate their kids.

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https://www.cdc.gov/features/adultvaccinations/index.html

Although there is some controversy to getting vaccines but you really should get them. No one is really being forced to getting the shots but it really is encouraged to be getting them. In the article it states, Many vaccine-preventable diseases are contagious, like flu, pertussis (whooping cough), and meningitis. Getting your recommended vaccines can reduce the risk that you get sick and spread disease to others.

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Vaccines make you healthy

http://nfid.org/about-vaccines/reasons

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends vaccinations from birth through adulthood to provide a lifetime of protection against many diseases and infections, such as influenza, pneumococcal disease, human papillomavirus, and hepatitis A and B. Yet many individuals are not vaccinated as recommended, leaving them needlessly vulnerable to illness and long-term suffering.

Vaccines are a very important to staying healthy.

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Vaccines are the thing that make you healhty

http://nfid.org/about-        vaccines/reasonsm

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vaccines are a complicated kinda interesting. how they can help so much, yet can also put us in our death bed.  i find that interesting - sometimes depending so much on something that can 🤬 us.

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vaccines are good/bad for you. The non-profit (501c3) charity National Vaccine Information Center (NVIC) was established in 1982 by parents of DPT vaccine injured children to prevent vaccine injuries and deaths through public education. NVIC co-founders worked with Congress to secure vaccine safety informing, recording, reporting and research provisions in the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986. 1

NVIC does not make vaccine use recommendations. NVIC advocates for protection of human rights, including the right to autonomy and freedom of thought, speech and conscience, and supports the ethical principle of informed consent to medical risk taking. 2 3 4 ⁵  NVIC works to secure informed consent protections, including flexible medical, religious and conscientious belief exemptions to vaccination, in public health policies and laws. ⁶ NVIC supports adoption of the precautionary principle based on the Hippocratic “first, do no harm” approach to public health policymaking. 7 8

To encourage well-informed and voluntary vaccine decision-making, NVIC sponsors national vaccine education campaigns. In 2011, NVIC sponsored a digital vaccine education billboard in New York City’s Times Square on New Year’s Eve and produced a flu prevention video for Delta Airline’s in-flight programming. In 2013, NVIC launched a national vaccine education billboard and ad campaign that featured billboards on highways and buses New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Oregon, Washington, Arizona, Illinois, Texas, Georgia and Colorado, Vermont and other states. In 2015 and 2016, NVIC’s message advocating for vaccine education and choice was up in Times Square, as well.

In 2019, NVIC's “Vaccination: Know the Risks and Failures” and “No Forced Vaccination” animated digital message is being displayed on a giant 56 foot by 29 foot electronic screen in the heart of Times Square Plaza at 1500 Broadway (where the ball drops on New Year’s Eve). More than one million people pass through Times Square daily and NVIC’s 10-second spot (as seen at the top of this screen - click on it to view) will be broadcast a minimum of three times per hour for 20 hours per day from 6 a.m. to 2 a.m. from Valentines day through April 2019.

U.S. Congress and Institute of Medicine Confirm Government Licensed and Recommended Vaccines Can Cause Injury and Death

Like prescription 🤬, vaccines are commercial pharmaceutical products that carry two risks: a risk the vaccine product will fail to work 9 ¹⁰ and a risk the vaccine product will cause harm. 11 ¹² However, unlike with prescription and over the counter 🤬, manufacturers of vaccines and doctors who administer vaccines have no liability when a person is injured or dies after being given a recommended childhood vaccine licensed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as safe and effective.

In 1986, Congress passed the National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act and codified into law government acknowledgement that federally licensed and  recommended and state mandated vaccines can and do unpredictably cause injury and death.  The Act created a federal vaccine injury compensation program (VICP) alternative to a vaccine injury lawsuit against drug companies. ¹³ By 2019, the VICP had awarded more than $4 billion in federal compensation to vaccine injured children and adults. ¹⁴

Learn more about how to file a claim in the federal vaccine injury compensation program.

In 2011 in a split decision in Bruesewitz v. Wyeth, the US Supreme Court majority ruled that vaccines are “unavoidably unsafe” and effectively removed all liability from drug companies, even if there was evidence a drug company could have made a vaccine safer. 15 16

In a series of reports published between 1991 and 2013, the Institute of Medicine affirmed that scientific evidence demonstrates that vaccines can cause injury and death and that some people are genetically, biologically and environmentally at higher risk for being harmed by vaccines but doctors do not know how to identify who they are before vaccination. 17 18 19 20 ²¹  Even so, federal health officials have narrowed contraindications to vaccination and eliminated almost all health conditions from qualifying for a medical exemption to vaccination. 22

When liability free pharmaceutical products can cause injury and death, especially when some people are biologically more vulnerable to suffering harm but doctors do not know how to predict who they are, protection of the human right to informed consent to medical risk taking becomes even more important. ²³The legal right to exercise flexible medical, religious and conscientious belief exemptions to vaccination ensures that human rights are protected in public health policies and laws. 24

VACCINATIONS: KNOW THE RISKS

Like the first vaccine for smallpox, ²⁵ every vaccine licensed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and recommended by Centers for Disease Control (CDC) officials and medical trade associations carries a risk for serious complications, such as brain inflammation, which can lead to chronic brain and immune system damage or death. 26 27 28 29 ³⁰

There is a wide spectrum of vaccine complications, which have been identified and acknowledged in the medical literature and by the Institute of Medicine (IOM), National Academy of Sciences, including:  ³¹

Brain Inflammation/Acute Encephalopathy

Chronic Nervous System Dysfunction

Anaphylaxis

Febrile Seizures

Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS)

Brachial Neuritis;

Acute and Chronic Arthritis

Thrombocytopenia

Smallpox, polio, measles and varicella zoster vaccine strain infection

Death (smallpox, polio and measles vaccine)

Shock and “unusual shock-like state”

Protracted, inconsolable crying

Syncope

Deltoid Bursitis

Individual Susceptibility to Vaccine Reactions

In 2012, the IOM published a report, Adverse Effects of Vaccines: Evidence and Causality, ³² and acknowledged there are genetic, biological and environmental high risk factors not yet identified that can increase “individual susceptibility” to vaccine reactions but most of the time doctors cannot predict who is at risk:

“Both epidemiologic and mechanistic research suggests that most individuals who experience an adverse reaction to vaccines have a pre-existing susceptibility. These predispositions can exist for a number of reasons – genetic variants (in human or microbiome DNA), environmental exposures, behaviors, intervening illness or developmental stage, to name just a few, all of which can interact. Some of these adverse reactions are specific to the particular vaccine, while others may not be. Some of these predispositions may be detectable prior to the administration of vaccine; others, at least with current technology and practice, are not.” – Institute of Medicine ³³

Gaps in Knowledge About Individual Risk s

In 2013, the IOM published another report, The Childhood Immunization Schedule and Safety: Stakeholder Concerns, Scientific Evidence and Future Studies, ³⁴ which studied the scientific evidence regarding the safety of the CDC’s recommended vaccine schedule for children from birth to age six. The IOM committee evaluating the evidence stated that there are significant gaps in scientific knowledge about children, who are biologically at higher risk for suffering vaccine injury and death:

“ The committee found that evidence assessing outcomes in subpopulations of children, who may be potentially susceptible to adverse reactions to vaccines (such as children with a family history of autoimmune disease or allergies or children born prematurely), was limited and is characterized by uncertainty about the definition of populations of interest and definitions of exposures or outcomes.” – Institute of Medicine ³⁵

Current Early Childhood Vaccine Schedule: More Testing Needed

The CDC’s childhood vaccine schedule recommends all children receive 69 doses of 16 vaccines with 50 doses of 14 vaccines given between the day of birth and age 18. ³⁶  The majority of children in the U.S. today receive three times as many vaccinations as children received in 1983. 37

The 2013 IOM Committee, which examined the safety of the current federally recommended early childhood vaccine schedule found that it had not been fully scientifically evaluated:

“Most vaccine-related research focuses on the outcomes of single immunizations or combinations of vaccines administered at a single visit. Although each new vaccine is evaluated in the context of the overall immunization schedule that existed at the time of review of that vaccine, elements of the schedule are not evaluated once it is adjusted to accommodate a new vaccine. Thus, key elements of the entire schedule – the number, frequency, timing, order and age at administration of vaccines – have not been systematically examined in research studies;” – Institute of Medicine 38

Outstanding Questions About Vaccines & Chronic Illness

Due to a lack of enough methodologically sound studies conducted and published in the medical literature, the 2013 IOM Committee was unable to determine if the early childhood vaccine schedule recommended by the CDC and medical trade associations is or is not associated with the development of the following chronic brain and immune disorders and disabilities in children: 39

asthma;

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https://www.cdc.gov/features/adultvaccinations/index.html

Vaccines save lives. Vaccine-preventable diseases can cause long-term illness, hospitalization, and even death. Skipping vaccines can leave you vulnerable to illnesses such as influenza (flu), pneumococcal disease, and shingles. Vaccines also protect against diseases like human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis B. uh it talks about saving lives and about illnesses yanno.

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https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/parents/childhood-vaccines/index.html

The diseases that vaccines prevent can be dangerous, or even deadly, especially in infants and young children. Vaccination is one of the best ways parents can protect their children from 14 diseases before the age of two. Learn more about the recommended immunization schedule to best protect your child.

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https://www.cdc.gov/features/adultvaccinations/index.html

Vaccines save lives. Vaccine-preventable diseases can cause long-term illness, hospitalization, and even death. Skipping vaccines can leave you vulnerable to illnesses such as influenza (flu), pneumococcal disease, and shingles. Vaccines also protect against diseases like human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis B. Because it talks about diesses.

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Preventable diseases can cause long-term illness such as cancer, hospitalization, and death.

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https://vaccines.procon.org/view.resource.php?resourceID=006479
it says people say vaccination is safe they point out illnesses that are now prevented by vaccines and millions of childrens lives are saved

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https://www.cdc.gov/features/adultvaccinations/index.html

1) Getting your recommended vaccines can reduce the risk that you get sick and spread disease to others.
2)Vaccines can help you stay healthy so you don’t waste time being sick!
3)Skipping vaccines can leave you vulnerable to illnesses such as influenza (flu), pneumococcal disease, and shingles.

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You can reduce the chance of spreading disease. Many vaccine-preventable diseases are contagious, like flu, pertussis (whooping cough), and meningitis. Getting your recommended vaccines can reduce the risk that you get sick and spread disease to others. Some people may not be able to get certain vaccines based on age, health conditions, or other factors even though they are vulnerable to illness. You help protect them by getting vaccinated!

According to https://www.cdc.gov/features/adultvaccinations/index.html