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The idea that government is created by and subject to the will of the people.

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The government's duties are splits into 3 branches: Judicial, Legislative, and Executive.

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Principle that the powers and functions of the government are restricted by the US Constitution

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The Preamble describes the goals of the government under the US Constitution. Which includes protecting the rights of the people and their well-being.

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Congress
Article I concerns the Legislative branch which separates Congress into 2 branches: House of Representatives and Senate. Section 8 states that Congress has the power to establish and collect taxes, duties, and excises.

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Guarantees the right to freedom of speech, religion, and the press.

Amendment II:
Guarantees the right to own and bear arms for their defense.

Amendment III:
Guarantees that citizens cannot be forced to quarter soldiers.

Amendment IV:
Guarantees that people are subjected to search without a search warrant and probable cause.

Amendment V:
Protects citizens from self-incrimination and double jeopardy.

Amendment VI:
Guarantees fair and speedy jury trial and the rights to know the accusation

Amendment VII:
Reserves individuals’ rights to jury trial depending on the civil case.

Amendment VIII:
Guarantees protection against cruel and unusual punishment.

Amendment IX:
Protects the rights of citizens that are not specifically mentioned by the U.S. Constitution.

Amendment X:
Reserves powers that are not given to the U.S. government under the Constitution, nor prohibited to a State of the U.S., to the people and the States.

Amendment XI:
States are protected from suits by citizens living in another state or foreigners that do not reside within the state borders.

Amendment XII:
Modifies and clarifies the procedure for electing vice-presidents and presidents.

Amendment XIII:
Except as punishment for criminal offense, forbids forced-slavery and involuntary servitude.

Amendment XIV:
Explains clauses dealing with the Confederacy and its officials.

Amendment XV:
Reserves citizens the suffrage rights regardless of their race, color, or previous slave status.

Amendment XVI:
Reserves the U.S. government the right to tax income.

Amendment XVII:
Establishes popular voting as the process under which senators are elected.

Amendment XVIII:
Denies the sale and consumption of alcohol.

Amendment XIX:
Reserves women’s suffrage rights.

Amendment XX:
Establishes date of term starts for Congress (January 3) & the President (January 20).

Amendment XXI:
Details the repeal of the Eighteenth Amendment, state laws over alcohol.

Amendment XXII:
Limit the terms that an individual can be elected as president (at most two terms).

Amendment XXIII:
Reserves the right of citizens residing in the District of Columbia to vote for their own Electors for presidential elections.

Amendment XXIV:
Citizens cannot be denied the suffrage rights for not paying a poll tax or any other taxes.

Amendment XXV:
establishes the procedures for a successor of a President.

Amendment XXVI:
Reserves the right for citizens 18 and older to vote.

Amendment XXVII:
Denies any laws that vary the salaries of Congress members until the beginning of the next terms of office for Representatives.

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President
The job of the executive branch, the president, is to enforce laws during their 4 year term.

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Supreme Court
The constitution give federal courts the power to hear cases between the individual and the government. The Supreme Court has the majority power and the Congress is given the power to establish lower courts.

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Throughout the constitution it is clear that the Legislative branch was given the most power due to the length of the section that states Congress's powers compared to the other branch's sections.

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Limited Government:
Government powers are restricted to protect individual rights

Separation of Powers:
The power to govern is divided among executive, legislative, and judicial branches to prevent the abuse of power

Checks and Balances:
Each branch of government has the authority to check some powers of  the others two branches

Federalism:
The rights of the states are protected by dividing powers between the national government and state government

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State Relations
All states must recognize and respect other states public acts, records and judicial proceedings. If someone is apprehended after committing crime in a different state, the criminal must be returned to the state in which the crime took place.
New States
New states must be formed by Congress, but no state can be formed under the control of another. Congress can change the boundaries of the state at any point in time. Every state is guaranteed to be protected by the national government.

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Changing the Constitution
Two-thirds the members of the members both the House of Representatives and Senate, then an amendment can be proposed. To be added to the Constitution, it must be ratified by the legislatures of three-fourths of the states within a reasonable amount of time.

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National Debts
All United States debts made before the Constitution's ratification will be upheld by the national government.
Supremacy
def.- the state or condition of being superior to all others in authority, power, or status.

What does it mean in the Constitution?
The national government has supreme rule over state governments. All federal laws, peace treaties, and the Constitution are supreme over all states

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Ratification
Nine of thirteen states needed to approve the Constitution before it could be put into effect. It was approved by all thirteen states on September 17th, 1787.