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Humanism is a philosophical stance that emphasizes the value and agency of human beings

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A printing press is a mechanical device for applying pressure to an inked surface resting upon a print medium, thereby transferring the ink

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identification with one's own nation and support for its interests

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she led the French army to victory over the English at Orléans

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A longbow is a type of bow that is tall, roughly equal to the height of the use

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Flagellants are practitioners of an extreme form of mortification of their own flesh by whipping it with various instruments

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the use of toxins of biological origin or microorganisms as weapons of war

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The Agricultural Revolution was a period of technological improvement and increased crop productivity

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The Commercial Revolution consisted of the creation of a European economy based on trade

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a medieval association of craftsmen or merchants

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The three-field system is a regime of crop rotation that was used in medieval and early-modern Europe

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the speech variety used in everyday life by the general population

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an educational institution designed for instruction

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The Renaissance was a period in European history marking the transition from the Middle Ages to Modernity and covering the 15th and 16th centuries

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was a group of institutions within the Catholic Church whose aim was to combat heresy

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name given to a long series of wars and battles between the Christian Kingdoms and the Muslim Moors for control of the Iberian Peninsula

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was the first sultan of Egypt and Syria and the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty

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he ordered the first crusade

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a one-tenth part of something paid as a contribution to a religious organization

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a punishment that's handed out by a church when one of its members breaks some important church rule

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the 19th ecumenical council of the Catholic Church

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the doctrine that all events have been willed by God

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the 16th-century religious, political, intellectual and cultural upheaval that splintered Catholic Europe

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a way to reduce the amount of punishment

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an Italian diplomat, politician, historian, philosopher, writer, playwright and poet of the Renaissance period

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the buying or selling of ecclesiastical privileges

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a sudden violent and illegal seizure of power from a government

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a member of the Turkish infantry

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a very rare but extremly dangerous desises transmited through fleas

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the break of communion between what are now the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Churches

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A new military system created during the Heraclian Dynasty

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an incendiary weapon used to set other ships on fire

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a major reform of Byzantine law

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the making of international relations

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the capital city of the roman empire

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a "road" created by merchants to make trade easier and safer through countries

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the continuous violence toward humans

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short surprise attacks, withdrawing before the enemy can respond in force

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emperor of the mongol empire

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a group of close-knit and interrelated families

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an area in the temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biome

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nomatic people that rode on horse back and killed people normally on the way to trade on the silk road

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the act of farming of having cattle

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system of government in which the leaders are not elected

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a black explosive powder made from sulfur, charcoal, and potassium nitrate

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system and technology of printing

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a group of people that have somewhat different religious beliefs

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struggling with conflict

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Islamic law

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the Islams sacred book

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an Arab leader that founded Islam

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a faith practiced by the roman catholic church

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surrounding of a building

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a large building, typically of the medieval period

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a man who served his sovereign or lord as a mounted soldier in armor

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the way feudal lords organized their lands in order to produce agricultural goods

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a "slave" that is attached to the land

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widespread respect or appreciation for someone

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a person of noble rank by birth

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a language that is used by most people

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a large strong bag normally made with burlap

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a dramatic change in climate regonaly

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a group of countries ruled by one person

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around a 200 year period when the nationalities through out the roman empire

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a rising in good over time

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someone who is only worried about making money from a situation

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someone who is sent normally to murder an important person

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a very powerful and influential nation

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a formation that was very effective when it came to warfare. the hopilitites would lock shoulder and shields to make a "wall"

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Greek city states led by Athens

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this is where only the people decide the "leader" is just there to make it happen

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a small group of leaders

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the leaders are allways in high class positions

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king or a quenn

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any place with some type of government and social structure

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any land capable of being plowed

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barbarian like people

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a king

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the only person in charge of the king

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period of fall of rome

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nobility held lands from the king for exchange of military service

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a rule used to justify the emperor

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a branch of study

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a two wheeled cart pulled by horses

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a reed grown in marshy areas the was made into paper

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a social ranking of people

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priest rule in the name of god

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a place of establishment

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the first set of written laws

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only one god

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belief of worship that there is more than one god

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a line of rulers in the country

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a small country with control over surrounding states or cities

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the transfer of goods and or services to another

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the act of growing crops

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first agriculture revolution

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a new method or idea

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a member of people without a fixed location