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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yolki

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This is a novel however people  made it into a movie later on. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viy_(story)

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viking_(film)

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(music)

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ke0iusvydl8&ab_channel=Olympic

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Figure Skating's Upcoming Star Alexandra Trusova aims at Olympic Glory | Exclusive Interview

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=goNapJzHgq0&ab_channel=JustArtisticGymnastics

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Ganna Rizatdinova Interview with English Subtitles/ unfair judging and corruption in gymnastics

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The Russian circus contains a lot of animals that are trained to do crazy tricks, for example a Grizzly bear on a small bicycle....etc.

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Russian Circus Images, Stock Photos & Vectors | Shutterstock

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Find russian circus stock images in HD and millions of other royalty-free stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the Shutterstock collection. Thousands of new, high-quality pictures added every day.

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http://cultinfo.ru/en/tnk/vologda-lace.php

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fathers_and_Sons_(novel)

# data[].attributes.body
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Karenina

# data[].attributes.body
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dead_Souls

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Swan_Princess_(painting)

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https://www.therussianstore.com/blog/cat/nesting-dolls/
( This Russian Doll culture might be in threat because the artwork is very detailed and takes a long time to make. Also the people who are making this kind of dolls may or may not tech the next generation how to make these dolls. that's why it might be at risk of disappearing

more_vert)

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Russian Dolls Images, Stock Photos & Vectors | Shutterstock

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Find russian dolls stock images in HD and millions of other royalty-free stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the Shutterstock collection. Thousands of new, high-quality pictures added every day.

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http://russianlacquerart.com/gallery/Palekh/0050/002543

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivan_the_Terrible_and_His_Son_Ivan

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It is not allowed to fill the glass being held in the air

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If a person have alcohol, must be drank till the drink is gone then you can fill again

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The largest autocephalous ( more the n 90 million membership )

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The Russian Orthodox Church ( ROC; Russian: Ру́сская правосла́вная це́рковь, Rússkaya pravoslávnaya tsérkov ), alternatively legally known as the Moscow Patriarchate ( Russian: Моско́вский патриарха́т, Moskóvskiy patriarkhát ), is one of the autocephalous Eastern Orthodox churches, in full communion with other Eastern Orthodox patriarchates.

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Celebrates huge parades AKA worker's day

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Russian traditions are a part of the colorful Russian culture that attracts millions of visitors to the country each year.

Russians still celebrate pagan holidays as well as the religious holidays of Christmas and Easter. The holiday of Maslenitsa (Shrovetide), for example, has roots in Paganism and is an age-old tradition that has been passed along from generation to generation.

Russian holidays include such unique celebrations as Cosmonaut's Day and Protector of the Motherland Day, while the long list of Russian traditions is full of exciting, and sometimes strange, customs from bathing in ice water at Epiphany to Ded Moroz's appearance on New Year's Eve.

If you are visiting Russia during one of the events or holidays, utilize this guide to understand the traditions and join in the fun!

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Discover Russian Traditions, Holidays, and Festivals

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Russian traditions are a part of the colorful Russian culture that attracts millions of visitors to the country each year. Russians still celebrate pagan holidays as well as the religious holidays of Christmas and Easter. The holiday of Maslenitsa (Shrovetide), for example, has roots in Paganism and is an age-old tradition that has been passed along from generation to generation.

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On march eighth girls will receive gifts such as flowers, chocolate

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International Women's Day - a holiday
celebrated in many countries each year on
March 8 as the "Women's Day".
8 MARCH
Every year is marked by the UN(ООН) as the
International Day for Women's Rights and
International Peace. Historically, there was a
day of solidarity(солидарности) of women
workers in the struggle for equal
rights(равенство прав) and
emancipation(эмансипацию).

2. History of 8 march

HISTORY OF 8 MARCH
The beginning of XX century
March 8, 1908 at the call of the New York Social Democratic women's organization(социальнодемократической женской организации) held a rally with slogans(лозунгами) about equality of
women. On this day, more than 15 000 women marched(маршировали) through the city demanding
the reduction of the working day and equal c male wage conditions. In addition, it was demanded
women's suffrage.
In 1909, the Socialist Party of America announced(объявила) a national Women's Day, which was
celebrated until 1913, the last Sunday of February. In 1909, it was on 28 February. Later, in 1910,
delegates(делегатки) from the United States arrived in Copenhagen for the second International
Conference of Socialist Women, where they met with communist Clara Zetkin.
Clara Zetkin in 1910, at the Second International Socialist Women's Conference(на Второй
Международной социалистической женской конференции), held in Copenhagen on 27 August as
part of the Eighth Congress of the Second International, proposed the establishment of the
International Women's Day. It was understood that this day women will hold rallies and marches,
attracting the public to the problems.
Clara Zetkin and Rosa Luxemburg, 1910
In 1911, the first International Women's Day was celebrated in Germany, Austria, Denmark and
Switzerland on 19 March on the proposal of a member of the Central Committee of the Social
Democratic Party of Germany Ellen Greenberg, in commemoration of the March Revolution of 1848 in
Prussia. In 1912, this day was celebrated in the same countries for 12 of May. In 1913, women rallied
in France and Russia - 2 March, in Austria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Switzerland, the Netherlands
- 9 March, in Germany - 12 March. In 1914, the only time Women's Day is celebrated on March 8,
simultaneously in six countries: Austria, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Russia and Switzerland. In
that year, the number of 8 March fell on Sunday.
Until 1917, full or partial right to vote received a female New Zealand, Australia, Finland, Norway,
Denmark and Iceland.

3. The celebration in Russia and the USSR

THE CELEBRATION IN RUSSIA AND THE USSR
Soviet greeting card, dedicated to the International Women's Day
"As part of the peace movement ... Russian women observed their first International Women's Day on
the first Sunday in February 1913" .
February 1917 was an important milestone in the history of the holiday, since 23 February (8 March),
1917, during the riots, which escalated after the February revolution, workers, textile workers of the
Vyborg district of Petrograd one of the first strike. Also along Nevsky Prospekt to the City Duma
passed a procession organized by the Socialists with the requirements of women's equality and bread.
February 23 (8 March), 1917 is the date of the beginning of the February Revolution, which resulted
in the Russian monarchy was overthrown and the dual power of the Provisional Government and the
Petrograd Soviet.
In 1921 by the decision of the 2nd Communist Women's Conference, it was decided to celebrate the
International Women's Day on 8 March in memory of the women participating in a demonstration in
Petrograd, March 8 (February 23, Old Style), 1917, as one of the events that preceded the February
Revolution, in which resulted in the monarchy was overthrown.
Some modern historians have analyzed the publication of the Soviet period, on International Women's
Day, say that the holiday was dedicated mainly "manly" women who have attained success in "male"
occupations.
Since 1966, in accordance with the Decree of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR from May 8, 1965 , the
International Women's Day has become not only a holiday, but also a non-working day. Gradually, in
the USSR festival completely lost political color and bind to women against discrimination (according
to some points of view, a fundamental change in the holiday meaning in the public mind could be a
greater or lesser extent, the result of an intentional activity of the political leadership of the country
[not in the source]) , becoming the "day of women", and acquired modern features.

4. Celebration in other countries

CELEBRATION IN OTHER COUNTRIES
International Women's Day has been popular in the world in
1910-1920-ies, but then its popularity has come to nothing.
Since its official recognition in Russia after the October
Revolution of 1917 this holiday was celebrated mainly in the
socialist countries. The Chinese Communists celebrated it since
1922, and the Spanish Communists -. 1936 After the founding
of the People's Republic of 1 October 1949 on March 8 was
officially proclaimed Women's Day, in which Chinese women
work part-time .

5. International Women's Day and the United Nations

INTERNATIONAL WOMEN'S DAY AND THE UNITED
NATIONS
Since 1975, the United Nations, in connection with the
International Women's Year, started to conduct the International
Women's Day on 8 March. In 1977, the UN General Assembly
invited States to declare, in accordance with their traditions and
customs, any day of the year, the Day of the fight for women's
rights and international United Nations peace. This decision was
taken in connection with both the International Women's Year and
the International Decade for Women.
On the Day of the fight for women's rights and international
peace activities of the Organization of the United Nations, held
in conjunction with the United Nations for March 8.

6. On 8 march dear woman and girls

ON 8 MARCH DEAR
WOMAN AND GIRLS
Exit
The presentation was prepared
Alex Posternak

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March 8 as the "Women's Day" - online presentation

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International Women's Day - a holiday celebrated in many countries each year on March 8 as the "Women's Day". 8 MARCH Every year is marked by the UN(ООН) as the International Day for Women's Rights and International Peace. Historically, there was a day of solidarity(солидарности) of women workers in the struggle for equal rights(равенство прав) and emancipation(эмансипацию).

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A week before lent the Russians celebrates spring

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maslenitsa

Maslenitsa is the brightest, funniest and most
entertaining of Russians holidays. Its history
goes back to pre-Christian Russia: the main
ritual of Maslenitsa is the burning of the straw
figure of the Winter - an echo of pagan rituals.
Although Christianity, which came to replace
paganism, rejected all the old cults, this holiday
could not be erased from people's memory - so
much it has been favored by simple folk. Today,
Maslenitsa is a symbol of Russian folk festivals
with a millennial history. No country in the
world does celebrate something like this!

For foreign visitors, who arrive in Russia it is a lucky chance to
participate the celebration of Maslenitsa, the Pancake Day. After
all, it means to touch the real Russian exotica, to get on the live
pages of Russian history, to witness the original traditions of the
largest state in the world. Today Russia celebrates Maslenitsa the
old way - huge folk festivals full of fun and games.

The symbol of Maslenitsa is a round, blini with the
traditional fillings - caviar, sauerkraut,
mushrooms, jam ... Enjoying the delicious sizzling
blini (thin pancakes) is incomparable pleasure
followed by the vortex of real fun: sleigh rides,
snow house making and round dances. In short,
enjoy yourself while you can, since the next day
brings the Lent, which, in accordance with
Christian traditions prohibits fun and gluttony.
Maslenitsa ends with the solemn burning of the
figure of the Winter; symbolically it means the end
of winter cold and the onset of spring with hopes
for good harvest.

This is how Maslenitsa is celebrated in every
Russian city. The brightest festivals are held in
ancient Russian cities - Suzdal, Vladimir,
Rostov and Veliky Novgorod ... To say nothing
of the capital, where festivities take place
virtually evrywhere: in museums, estates, parks,
plazas, showrooms ... Wherever you go, you'll
meet skomorokhi (clowns) with the gusli (harp),
Petrushka (traditional puppet), and other
favorite characters of Russian fairy tales, and
street vendors with trays full of Russian
souvenirs.

burning of the figure of the Winter

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maslenitsa Maslenitsa is the brightest, funniest and most entertaining of Russians holidays. Its history goes back to pre-Christian Russia: the main ritual of Maslenitsa is the burning of the straw figure of the Winter - an echo of pagan rituals.

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Summer drink AKA Russian coca-cola, is a popular soft drink in Russia that challenged the idea that Coca Cola ruled the world during the Cold War. Though ultimately it failed to be consumed outside of the USSR

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Once you are in Moscow on vacation or on a business trip, do not miss the chance to taste delicious Russian dishes. Ask your Moscow tour guide for advice.

Russian cuisine is distinctive and unique, and like any other national one, it was formed under the influence of different environmental, social, geographical, economic, and historical factors. The main feature of Russian cuisine is considered to be an abundance and variety of products used for cooking. There are numerous dishes made of dough such as pies, cakes, rolls, blini, etc. as well as unleavened dough, including dumplings and homemade noodles. Being a country of Orthodox Christian religion which implies numerous fasts, Russian cuisine offers a great number of vegetarian dishes including mushrooms, pickles, etc. The Russian culinary palette is also rich in meat, poultry, and fish dishes which are served on various occasions. There is also a great variety of soft drinks to every taste which must be tasted while you are on a Moscow tour.

If you are willing to taste traditional Russian dishes during your Moscow tour, here are some ideas of what you should try. Those who crave to cook traditional Russian dishes can find some of the recipes. Indulge yourself!

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A Russian cuisine known since the 9th century

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Once you are in Moscow on vacation or on a business trip, do not miss the chance to taste delicious Russian dishes. Ask your Moscow tour guide for advice.

Russian cuisine is distinctive and unique, and like any other national one, it was formed under the influence of different environmental, social, geographical, economic, and historical factors. The main feature of Russian cuisine is considered to be an abundance and variety of products used for cooking. There are numerous dishes made of dough such as pies, cakes, rolls, blini, etc. as well as unleavened dough, including dumplings and homemade noodles. Being a country of Orthodox Christian religion which implies numerous fasts, Russian cuisine offers a great number of vegetarian dishes including mushrooms, pickles, etc. The Russian culinary palette is also rich in meat, poultry, and fish dishes which are served on various occasions. There is also a great variety of soft drinks to every taste which must be tasted while you are on a Moscow tour.

If you are willing to taste traditional Russian dishes during your Moscow tour, here are some ideas of what you should try. Those who crave to cook traditional Russian dishes can find some of the recipes. Indulge yourself!

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A kind of dumplings with cheese, mashed potatoes, cabbage, meat, hard-boiled egg, and fruits (cherry/ plump)

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Once you are in Moscow on vacation or on a business trip, do not miss the chance to taste delicious Russian dishes. Ask your Moscow tour guide for advice.

Russian cuisine is distinctive and unique, and like any other national one, it was formed under the influence of different environmental, social, geographical, economic, and historical factors. The main feature of Russian cuisine is considered to be an abundance and variety of products used for cooking. There are numerous dishes made of dough such as pies, cakes, rolls, blini, etc. as well as unleavened dough, including dumplings and homemade noodles. Being a country of Orthodox Christian religion which implies numerous fasts, Russian cuisine offers a great number of vegetarian dishes including mushrooms, pickles, etc. The Russian culinary palette is also rich in meat, poultry, and fish dishes which are served on various occasions. There is also a great variety of soft drinks to every taste which must be tasted while you are on a Moscow tour.

If you are willing to taste traditional Russian dishes during your Moscow tour, here are some ideas of what you should try. Those who crave to cook traditional Russian dishes can find some of the recipes. Indulge yourself!

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A narrow pants called Porty, top it of with a tunic-like shirt called a sorochki

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Russian traditional clothing has a very long history. Many of the traditional pieces in the past are not worn anymore today, though a few of them have managed to stay and became iconic. You won't be able to find the exact date when Russian traditional clothing was born but it is assumed to be around the 10 th to 12 th century. Keep on reading to learn more about traditional clothing elements and find out how Russian clothing has changed over the time.

Elements of Russian traditional clothing

Rubakha

This oversized shirt was the basic element of the traditional Russian wardrobe. The lose shirt was worn by anyone, men and women as well as the rich and poor. The materials differed from basic cheap line and cotton to expensive silk. This piece of clothing was very comfortable and it was not changed at all until the 20 th century.
Sarafan
The Sarafan was first mentioned during the 14 th century. First it was also used as a dress for males and only in the 17 th century the term was exclusively used for a piece of women's clothing. This multi coloured long dress with open shoulders was worn over the rubakha. It was used for every day live as well as special occasions. Sarafans were made out of different materials and included a lot of decorations. The higher social classes wore sarafans made out of silk and velvet while others were made out of domestic linen.

Kokoshnik

It was common for women to wear decorations for the head and hair. Depending on the civil status young women were allowed to show off their hair in a braid decorated with flowers or other things, while married women had to fully cover their hair with the so called Kokoshnik.

Married women used to put their hair into two braids and tie them around their head. Because Kokoshniks were often made out of expensive materials they were only worn a few times a year. In everyday life women therefore wore hats with a shawl tied around - the so called povoyniki.

Shuba

The Shuba (furcoat) has survived over the centuries and has managed to stay popular in the country. The coat was worn by women and men equally, mainly because of the harsh weather conditions. The fur used to be on the inner side while the outside was heavily decorated. Today the style of the furcoat may have changed but it still serves its main purpose - to keep warm.

Kaftan

The word is originally from the Middle East but this item was such an important part in the Russian wardrobe that it was seen as local. The Kaftan was a coat, quite similar to the ones today, but they were made out of expensive materials and decorated with embroidery.

Because of the size of the country, different weather conditions and raw materials there didn't exist a single national Russian costume. The clothing differed from region to region. In the central and northern country parts the headdress was decorated with pearls while in the south it was accessorized with buttons and wool decorations. But regardless of which region one lived in the traditional clothing had a massive form and a distinct and simple silhouette.

Evolution of Russian clothing

During the 14th-18th Century

During the 14 th century trade relations between Russia and Europe expanded. Countries like France and Italy exported wool, silk and velvet to the Russian capital. Clothing items featured a lot of patterns and bright colours as well as decorations like lace and artificial stones. The decorative character of the clothes was very important. Under the power of Tsar Ivan the Terrible, foreigners who wanted to enter the Kremlin were ordered to wear Russian clothing in order to show respect to the Russian throne. During the 17 th century people who tried to wear clothing similar to European ones or foreign hairstyles were punished.

The traditional Russian costume was an important part of the culture and Western fashion trends couldn't reach the country. That was until the 18 th Century when Peter the Great carried reformed the look of upper and middle classes and forbid people in St. Petersburg wearing it because he thought the costume was only for peasants. Court members were from now on obliged to wear European clothing and the Long tradition of the sarafan began to crumble. From this point on European fashion began to influence the country.

Members of the tsar family were the first to change their dresses to the European style, which was very oriented towards French fashion. During this time the corset as well as the headdress, the so called fontange were brought to Russia from Europe. The fontange replaced the traditional headdress which was worn by married women to cover their hair fully. European clothing showed that someone belonged to the powerful classes while the other classes stuck with the traditional dress. The clothes worn by the common folk transformed very slowly while the change of clothing in the cities St. Petersburg and Moscow changed rapidly.

During the 19th-20th Century

During the 19 th century the rococo style became very popular. Especially under the power of Elizaveta Petrovna life was oriented towards the French fashion. Women wore dresses with narrow and low shoulders and a slim waist. Oval frames and corsets were loved, high heels first appeared and skirts lost their fluff. The frenchified sarafan included the traditional headdress with folded back sleeves, a slim waist and a big train. In higher social classes the modern cocktail dress first appeared.

In the 20 th century clothing became more practical. Tight corsets lost its way to looser clothes. Comfort was key and simple sarafans, shorts, blouses and ties came into fashion. Clothes for men and women had to be comfortable enough to work in and easy to put on and move around. Shoulder pads were incoporated in women's clothing for a more masculine look and strict uniforms became part of life. There was no room for individualism and the industrial production of clothing hindered the rise of complicated cuts or decorations. At the end of the 20 th century and after great changes within the Country the Russian fashion slowly began to melt with the European one. For fashion designers it was possible to open their own business, travel around the world and international brands could open their stores in Russian cities. Many Russian designers began to specialize in accessories and private individuals rather than following wih the mass production. Nowadays a lot of Russian fashion designers have made their way to the top.

Russian fashion designers today

Gosha Rubchinskiy

Born in 1984 in Moscow Gosha Rubchinskiy first worked as a hairdresser and fashion Stylist before showing his first menswear collection in 2008. His clothes are a mix of sportswear with tailoring which helped him get a name in the streetwear scene and he often references to Russia through the colours of the flag or Cyrillic writing on his clothes.

He has become the symbol of modern Russian Fashion and many famous brands like Adidas, Fila, Reebok, Burberry or Levis have reached out to him to help them with new and fresh designs. His clothing store can be found in Moscow in the KM20 Concept store and in 2016 he was nominated as one of the 500 most influential people in the fashion world,

Vika Gazinskaya

Born and raised Moscow Vika is well known in Russia and abroad for her original style, architectural cuts as well as her high-Quality fabrics. She likes to use strong lines and graphic forms and incoperates many details like appliques, crystals and artificial stones on her prints. She worked at the Fashion Magazine L'officiel Russia which helped her gain all the necessary knowledge before she showed her first collection in 2007. Her designs were featured in famous magazines like Harpers Bazaar or in the American Vogue and are sold all over the world.

Valentin Yudashkin

Born in 1963 he rose to fame internationally after launching his first collection in 1987 which was inspired by the famous Faberge eggs. After that he has created more than 50 collections for both women and men though the main focus is the designing of fashion for women.

He is the only Russian designer with membership in the Syndicate of High Fashion in Paris and his designs have even been exhibited in collections at the Moscow State Historical Museum, the Metropolitan Museum in New York and the Louvre Museum of Fashion in Paris to name a few.

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Evolution of Russian clothing | Liden & Denz Russia

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Over the centuries the Russian clothing has undergone a huge change - from tradtitional clothes to the streetwear styles you can find today.

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A fish shaped charm on the head band called a Korund

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Russian traditional clothing has a very long history. Many of the traditional pieces in the past are not worn anymore today, though a few of them have managed to stay and became iconic. You won't be able to find the exact date when Russian traditional clothing was born but it is assumed to be around the 10 th to 12 th century. Keep on reading to learn more about traditional clothing elements and find out how Russian clothing has changed over the time.

Elements of Russian traditional clothing

Rubakha

This oversized shirt was the basic element of the traditional Russian wardrobe. The lose shirt was worn by anyone, men and women as well as the rich and poor. The materials differed from basic cheap line and cotton to expensive silk. This piece of clothing was very comfortable and it was not changed at all until the 20 th century.
Sarafan
The Sarafan was first mentioned during the 14 th century. First it was also used as a dress for males and only in the 17 th century the term was exclusively used for a piece of women's clothing. This multi coloured long dress with open shoulders was worn over the rubakha. It was used for every day live as well as special occasions. Sarafans were made out of different materials and included a lot of decorations. The higher social classes wore sarafans made out of silk and velvet while others were made out of domestic linen.

Kokoshnik

It was common for women to wear decorations for the head and hair. Depending on the civil status young women were allowed to show off their hair in a braid decorated with flowers or other things, while married women had to fully cover their hair with the so called Kokoshnik.

Married women used to put their hair into two braids and tie them around their head. Because Kokoshniks were often made out of expensive materials they were only worn a few times a year. In everyday life women therefore wore hats with a shawl tied around - the so called povoyniki.

Shuba

The Shuba (furcoat) has survived over the centuries and has managed to stay popular in the country. The coat was worn by women and men equally, mainly because of the harsh weather conditions. The fur used to be on the inner side while the outside was heavily decorated. Today the style of the furcoat may have changed but it still serves its main purpose - to keep warm.

Kaftan

The word is originally from the Middle East but this item was such an important part in the Russian wardrobe that it was seen as local. The Kaftan was a coat, quite similar to the ones today, but they were made out of expensive materials and decorated with embroidery.

Because of the size of the country, different weather conditions and raw materials there didn't exist a single national Russian costume. The clothing differed from region to region. In the central and northern country parts the headdress was decorated with pearls while in the south it was accessorized with buttons and wool decorations. But regardless of which region one lived in the traditional clothing had a massive form and a distinct and simple silhouette.

Evolution of Russian clothing

During the 14th-18th Century

During the 14 th century trade relations between Russia and Europe expanded. Countries like France and Italy exported wool, silk and velvet to the Russian capital. Clothing items featured a lot of patterns and bright colours as well as decorations like lace and artificial stones. The decorative character of the clothes was very important. Under the power of Tsar Ivan the Terrible, foreigners who wanted to enter the Kremlin were ordered to wear Russian clothing in order to show respect to the Russian throne. During the 17 th century people who tried to wear clothing similar to European ones or foreign hairstyles were punished.

The traditional Russian costume was an important part of the culture and Western fashion trends couldn't reach the country. That was until the 18 th Century when Peter the Great carried reformed the look of upper and middle classes and forbid people in St. Petersburg wearing it because he thought the costume was only for peasants. Court members were from now on obliged to wear European clothing and the Long tradition of the sarafan began to crumble. From this point on European fashion began to influence the country.

Members of the tsar family were the first to change their dresses to the European style, which was very oriented towards French fashion. During this time the corset as well as the headdress, the so called fontange were brought to Russia from Europe. The fontange replaced the traditional headdress which was worn by married women to cover their hair fully. European clothing showed that someone belonged to the powerful classes while the other classes stuck with the traditional dress. The clothes worn by the common folk transformed very slowly while the change of clothing in the cities St. Petersburg and Moscow changed rapidly.

During the 19th-20th Century

During the 19 th century the rococo style became very popular. Especially under the power of Elizaveta Petrovna life was oriented towards the French fashion. Women wore dresses with narrow and low shoulders and a slim waist. Oval frames and corsets were loved, high heels first appeared and skirts lost their fluff. The frenchified sarafan included the traditional headdress with folded back sleeves, a slim waist and a big train. In higher social classes the modern cocktail dress first appeared.

In the 20 th century clothing became more practical. Tight corsets lost its way to looser clothes. Comfort was key and simple sarafans, shorts, blouses and ties came into fashion. Clothes for men and women had to be comfortable enough to work in and easy to put on and move around. Shoulder pads were incoporated in women's clothing for a more masculine look and strict uniforms became part of life. There was no room for individualism and the industrial production of clothing hindered the rise of complicated cuts or decorations. At the end of the 20 th century and after great changes within the Country the Russian fashion slowly began to melt with the European one. For fashion designers it was possible to open their own business, travel around the world and international brands could open their stores in Russian cities. Many Russian designers began to specialize in accessories and private individuals rather than following wih the mass production. Nowadays a lot of Russian fashion designers have made their way to the top.

Russian fashion designers today

Gosha Rubchinskiy

Born in 1984 in Moscow Gosha Rubchinskiy first worked as a hairdresser and fashion Stylist before showing his first menswear collection in 2008. His clothes are a mix of sportswear with tailoring which helped him get a name in the streetwear scene and he often references to Russia through the colours of the flag or Cyrillic writing on his clothes.

He has become the symbol of modern Russian Fashion and many famous brands like Adidas, Fila, Reebok, Burberry or Levis have reached out to him to help them with new and fresh designs. His clothing store can be found in Moscow in the KM20 Concept store and in 2016 he was nominated as one of the 500 most influential people in the fashion world,

Vika Gazinskaya

Born and raised Moscow Vika is well known in Russia and abroad for her original style, architectural cuts as well as her high-Quality fabrics. She likes to use strong lines and graphic forms and incoperates many details like appliques, crystals and artificial stones on her prints. She worked at the Fashion Magazine L'officiel Russia which helped her gain all the necessary knowledge before she showed her first collection in 2007. Her designs were featured in famous magazines like Harpers Bazaar or in the American Vogue and are sold all over the world.

Valentin Yudashkin

Born in 1963 he rose to fame internationally after launching his first collection in 1987 which was inspired by the famous Faberge eggs. After that he has created more than 50 collections for both women and men though the main focus is the designing of fashion for women.

He is the only Russian designer with membership in the Syndicate of High Fashion in Paris and his designs have even been exhibited in collections at the Moscow State Historical Museum, the Metropolitan Museum in New York and the Louvre Museum of Fashion in Paris to name a few.

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Evolution of Russian clothing | Liden & Denz Russia

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Over the centuries the Russian clothing has undergone a huge change - from tradtitional clothes to the streetwear styles you can find today.

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A metal fabric band on forehead

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Russian traditional clothing has a very long history. Many of the traditional pieces in the past are not worn anymore today, though a few of them have managed to stay and became iconic. You won't be able to find the exact date when Russian traditional clothing was born but it is assumed to be around the 10 th to 12 th century. Keep on reading to learn more about traditional clothing elements and find out how Russian clothing has changed over the time.

Elements of Russian traditional clothing

Rubakha

This oversized shirt was the basic element of the traditional Russian wardrobe. The lose shirt was worn by anyone, men and women as well as the rich and poor. The materials differed from basic cheap line and cotton to expensive silk. This piece of clothing was very comfortable and it was not changed at all until the 20 th century.
Sarafan
The Sarafan was first mentioned during the 14 th century. First it was also used as a dress for males and only in the 17 th century the term was exclusively used for a piece of women's clothing. This multi coloured long dress with open shoulders was worn over the rubakha. It was used for every day live as well as special occasions. Sarafans were made out of different materials and included a lot of decorations. The higher social classes wore sarafans made out of silk and velvet while others were made out of domestic linen.

Kokoshnik

It was common for women to wear decorations for the head and hair. Depending on the civil status young women were allowed to show off their hair in a braid decorated with flowers or other things, while married women had to fully cover their hair with the so called Kokoshnik.

Married women used to put their hair into two braids and tie them around their head. Because Kokoshniks were often made out of expensive materials they were only worn a few times a year. In everyday life women therefore wore hats with a shawl tied around - the so called povoyniki.

Shuba

The Shuba (furcoat) has survived over the centuries and has managed to stay popular in the country. The coat was worn by women and men equally, mainly because of the harsh weather conditions. The fur used to be on the inner side while the outside was heavily decorated. Today the style of the furcoat may have changed but it still serves its main purpose - to keep warm.

Kaftan

The word is originally from the Middle East but this item was such an important part in the Russian wardrobe that it was seen as local. The Kaftan was a coat, quite similar to the ones today, but they were made out of expensive materials and decorated with embroidery.

Because of the size of the country, different weather conditions and raw materials there didn't exist a single national Russian costume. The clothing differed from region to region. In the central and northern country parts the headdress was decorated with pearls while in the south it was accessorized with buttons and wool decorations. But regardless of which region one lived in the traditional clothing had a massive form and a distinct and simple silhouette.

Evolution of Russian clothing

During the 14th-18th Century

During the 14 th century trade relations between Russia and Europe expanded. Countries like France and Italy exported wool, silk and velvet to the Russian capital. Clothing items featured a lot of patterns and bright colours as well as decorations like lace and artificial stones. The decorative character of the clothes was very important. Under the power of Tsar Ivan the Terrible, foreigners who wanted to enter the Kremlin were ordered to wear Russian clothing in order to show respect to the Russian throne. During the 17 th century people who tried to wear clothing similar to European ones or foreign hairstyles were punished.

The traditional Russian costume was an important part of the culture and Western fashion trends couldn't reach the country. That was until the 18 th Century when Peter the Great carried reformed the look of upper and middle classes and forbid people in St. Petersburg wearing it because he thought the costume was only for peasants. Court members were from now on obliged to wear European clothing and the Long tradition of the sarafan began to crumble. From this point on European fashion began to influence the country.

Members of the tsar family were the first to change their dresses to the European style, which was very oriented towards French fashion. During this time the corset as well as the headdress, the so called fontange were brought to Russia from Europe. The fontange replaced the traditional headdress which was worn by married women to cover their hair fully. European clothing showed that someone belonged to the powerful classes while the other classes stuck with the traditional dress. The clothes worn by the common folk transformed very slowly while the change of clothing in the cities St. Petersburg and Moscow changed rapidly.

During the 19th-20th Century

During the 19 th century the rococo style became very popular. Especially under the power of Elizaveta Petrovna life was oriented towards the French fashion. Women wore dresses with narrow and low shoulders and a slim waist. Oval frames and corsets were loved, high heels first appeared and skirts lost their fluff. The frenchified sarafan included the traditional headdress with folded back sleeves, a slim waist and a big train. In higher social classes the modern cocktail dress first appeared.

In the 20 th century clothing became more practical. Tight corsets lost its way to looser clothes. Comfort was key and simple sarafans, shorts, blouses and ties came into fashion. Clothes for men and women had to be comfortable enough to work in and easy to put on and move around. Shoulder pads were incoporated in women's clothing for a more masculine look and strict uniforms became part of life. There was no room for individualism and the industrial production of clothing hindered the rise of complicated cuts or decorations. At the end of the 20 th century and after great changes within the Country the Russian fashion slowly began to melt with the European one. For fashion designers it was possible to open their own business, travel around the world and international brands could open their stores in Russian cities. Many Russian designers began to specialize in accessories and private individuals rather than following wih the mass production. Nowadays a lot of Russian fashion designers have made their way to the top.

Russian fashion designers today

Gosha Rubchinskiy

Born in 1984 in Moscow Gosha Rubchinskiy first worked as a hairdresser and fashion Stylist before showing his first menswear collection in 2008. His clothes are a mix of sportswear with tailoring which helped him get a name in the streetwear scene and he often references to Russia through the colours of the flag or Cyrillic writing on his clothes.

He has become the symbol of modern Russian Fashion and many famous brands like Adidas, Fila, Reebok, Burberry or Levis have reached out to him to help them with new and fresh designs. His clothing store can be found in Moscow in the KM20 Concept store and in 2016 he was nominated as one of the 500 most influential people in the fashion world,

Vika Gazinskaya

Born and raised Moscow Vika is well known in Russia and abroad for her original style, architectural cuts as well as her high-Quality fabrics. She likes to use strong lines and graphic forms and incoperates many details like appliques, crystals and artificial stones on her prints. She worked at the Fashion Magazine L'officiel Russia which helped her gain all the necessary knowledge before she showed her first collection in 2007. Her designs were featured in famous magazines like Harpers Bazaar or in the American Vogue and are sold all over the world.

Valentin Yudashkin

Born in 1963 he rose to fame internationally after launching his first collection in 1987 which was inspired by the famous Faberge eggs. After that he has created more than 50 collections for both women and men though the main focus is the designing of fashion for women.

He is the only Russian designer with membership in the Syndicate of High Fashion in Paris and his designs have even been exhibited in collections at the Moscow State Historical Museum, the Metropolitan Museum in New York and the Louvre Museum of Fashion in Paris to name a few.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Evolution of Russian clothing | Liden & Denz Russia

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Over the centuries the Russian clothing has undergone a huge change - from tradtitional clothes to the streetwear styles you can find today.

# data[].attributes.body
Covers their har with a towel called a Povi or Ubrus

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Russian traditional clothing has a very long history. Many of the traditional pieces in the past are not worn anymore today, though a few of them have managed to stay and became iconic. You won't be able to find the exact date when Russian traditional clothing was born but it is assumed to be around the 10 th to 12 th century. Keep on reading to learn more about traditional clothing elements and find out how Russian clothing has changed over the time.

Elements of Russian traditional clothing

Rubakha

This oversized shirt was the basic element of the traditional Russian wardrobe. The lose shirt was worn by anyone, men and women as well as the rich and poor. The materials differed from basic cheap line and cotton to expensive silk. This piece of clothing was very comfortable and it was not changed at all until the 20 th century.
Sarafan
The Sarafan was first mentioned during the 14 th century. First it was also used as a dress for males and only in the 17 th century the term was exclusively used for a piece of women's clothing. This multi coloured long dress with open shoulders was worn over the rubakha. It was used for every day live as well as special occasions. Sarafans were made out of different materials and included a lot of decorations. The higher social classes wore sarafans made out of silk and velvet while others were made out of domestic linen.

Kokoshnik

It was common for women to wear decorations for the head and hair. Depending on the civil status young women were allowed to show off their hair in a braid decorated with flowers or other things, while married women had to fully cover their hair with the so called Kokoshnik.

Married women used to put their hair into two braids and tie them around their head. Because Kokoshniks were often made out of expensive materials they were only worn a few times a year. In everyday life women therefore wore hats with a shawl tied around - the so called povoyniki.

Shuba

The Shuba (furcoat) has survived over the centuries and has managed to stay popular in the country. The coat was worn by women and men equally, mainly because of the harsh weather conditions. The fur used to be on the inner side while the outside was heavily decorated. Today the style of the furcoat may have changed but it still serves its main purpose - to keep warm.

Kaftan

The word is originally from the Middle East but this item was such an important part in the Russian wardrobe that it was seen as local. The Kaftan was a coat, quite similar to the ones today, but they were made out of expensive materials and decorated with embroidery.

Because of the size of the country, different weather conditions and raw materials there didn't exist a single national Russian costume. The clothing differed from region to region. In the central and northern country parts the headdress was decorated with pearls while in the south it was accessorized with buttons and wool decorations. But regardless of which region one lived in the traditional clothing had a massive form and a distinct and simple silhouette.

Evolution of Russian clothing

During the 14th-18th Century

During the 14 th century trade relations between Russia and Europe expanded. Countries like France and Italy exported wool, silk and velvet to the Russian capital. Clothing items featured a lot of patterns and bright colours as well as decorations like lace and artificial stones. The decorative character of the clothes was very important. Under the power of Tsar Ivan the Terrible, foreigners who wanted to enter the Kremlin were ordered to wear Russian clothing in order to show respect to the Russian throne. During the 17 th century people who tried to wear clothing similar to European ones or foreign hairstyles were punished.

The traditional Russian costume was an important part of the culture and Western fashion trends couldn't reach the country. That was until the 18 th Century when Peter the Great carried reformed the look of upper and middle classes and forbid people in St. Petersburg wearing it because he thought the costume was only for peasants. Court members were from now on obliged to wear European clothing and the Long tradition of the sarafan began to crumble. From this point on European fashion began to influence the country.

Members of the tsar family were the first to change their dresses to the European style, which was very oriented towards French fashion. During this time the corset as well as the headdress, the so called fontange were brought to Russia from Europe. The fontange replaced the traditional headdress which was worn by married women to cover their hair fully. European clothing showed that someone belonged to the powerful classes while the other classes stuck with the traditional dress. The clothes worn by the common folk transformed very slowly while the change of clothing in the cities St. Petersburg and Moscow changed rapidly.

During the 19th-20th Century

During the 19 th century the rococo style became very popular. Especially under the power of Elizaveta Petrovna life was oriented towards the French fashion. Women wore dresses with narrow and low shoulders and a slim waist. Oval frames and corsets were loved, high heels first appeared and skirts lost their fluff. The frenchified sarafan included the traditional headdress with folded back sleeves, a slim waist and a big train. In higher social classes the modern cocktail dress first appeared.

In the 20 th century clothing became more practical. Tight corsets lost its way to looser clothes. Comfort was key and simple sarafans, shorts, blouses and ties came into fashion. Clothes for men and women had to be comfortable enough to work in and easy to put on and move around. Shoulder pads were incoporated in women's clothing for a more masculine look and strict uniforms became part of life. There was no room for individualism and the industrial production of clothing hindered the rise of complicated cuts or decorations. At the end of the 20 th century and after great changes within the Country the Russian fashion slowly began to melt with the European one. For fashion designers it was possible to open their own business, travel around the world and international brands could open their stores in Russian cities. Many Russian designers began to specialize in accessories and private individuals rather than following wih the mass production. Nowadays a lot of Russian fashion designers have made their way to the top.

Russian fashion designers today

Gosha Rubchinskiy

Born in 1984 in Moscow Gosha Rubchinskiy first worked as a hairdresser and fashion Stylist before showing his first menswear collection in 2008. His clothes are a mix of sportswear with tailoring which helped him get a name in the streetwear scene and he often references to Russia through the colours of the flag or Cyrillic writing on his clothes.

He has become the symbol of modern Russian Fashion and many famous brands like Adidas, Fila, Reebok, Burberry or Levis have reached out to him to help them with new and fresh designs. His clothing store can be found in Moscow in the KM20 Concept store and in 2016 he was nominated as one of the 500 most influential people in the fashion world,

Vika Gazinskaya

Born and raised Moscow Vika is well known in Russia and abroad for her original style, architectural cuts as well as her high-Quality fabrics. She likes to use strong lines and graphic forms and incoperates many details like appliques, crystals and artificial stones on her prints. She worked at the Fashion Magazine L'officiel Russia which helped her gain all the necessary knowledge before she showed her first collection in 2007. Her designs were featured in famous magazines like Harpers Bazaar or in the American Vogue and are sold all over the world.

Valentin Yudashkin

Born in 1963 he rose to fame internationally after launching his first collection in 1987 which was inspired by the famous Faberge eggs. After that he has created more than 50 collections for both women and men though the main focus is the designing of fashion for women.

He is the only Russian designer with membership in the Syndicate of High Fashion in Paris and his designs have even been exhibited in collections at the Moscow State Historical Museum, the Metropolitan Museum in New York and the Louvre Museum of Fashion in Paris to name a few.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Evolution of Russian clothing | Liden & Denz Russia

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Over the centuries the Russian clothing has undergone a huge change - from tradtitional clothes to the streetwear styles you can find today.

# data[].attributes.body
Wears a long shirt called a Rubakhi and long sleeves to the wrist.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Russian traditional clothing has a very long history. Many of the traditional pieces in the past are not worn anymore today, though a few of them have managed to stay and became iconic. You won't be able to find the exact date when Russian traditional clothing was born but it is assumed to be around the 10 th to 12 th century. Keep on reading to learn more about traditional clothing elements and find out how Russian clothing has changed over the time.

Elements of Russian traditional clothing

Rubakha

This oversized shirt was the basic element of the traditional Russian wardrobe. The lose shirt was worn by anyone, men and women as well as the rich and poor. The materials differed from basic cheap line and cotton to expensive silk. This piece of clothing was very comfortable and it was not changed at all until the 20 th century.
Sarafan
The Sarafan was first mentioned during the 14 th century. First it was also used as a dress for males and only in the 17 th century the term was exclusively used for a piece of women's clothing. This multi coloured long dress with open shoulders was worn over the rubakha. It was used for every day live as well as special occasions. Sarafans were made out of different materials and included a lot of decorations. The higher social classes wore sarafans made out of silk and velvet while others were made out of domestic linen.

Kokoshnik

It was common for women to wear decorations for the head and hair. Depending on the civil status young women were allowed to show off their hair in a braid decorated with flowers or other things, while married women had to fully cover their hair with the so called Kokoshnik.

Married women used to put their hair into two braids and tie them around their head. Because Kokoshniks were often made out of expensive materials they were only worn a few times a year. In everyday life women therefore wore hats with a shawl tied around - the so called povoyniki.

Shuba

The Shuba (furcoat) has survived over the centuries and has managed to stay popular in the country. The coat was worn by women and men equally, mainly because of the harsh weather conditions. The fur used to be on the inner side while the outside was heavily decorated. Today the style of the furcoat may have changed but it still serves its main purpose - to keep warm.

Kaftan

The word is originally from the Middle East but this item was such an important part in the Russian wardrobe that it was seen as local. The Kaftan was a coat, quite similar to the ones today, but they were made out of expensive materials and decorated with embroidery.

Because of the size of the country, different weather conditions and raw materials there didn't exist a single national Russian costume. The clothing differed from region to region. In the central and northern country parts the headdress was decorated with pearls while in the south it was accessorized with buttons and wool decorations. But regardless of which region one lived in the traditional clothing had a massive form and a distinct and simple silhouette.

Evolution of Russian clothing

During the 14th-18th Century

During the 14 th century trade relations between Russia and Europe expanded. Countries like France and Italy exported wool, silk and velvet to the Russian capital. Clothing items featured a lot of patterns and bright colours as well as decorations like lace and artificial stones. The decorative character of the clothes was very important. Under the power of Tsar Ivan the Terrible, foreigners who wanted to enter the Kremlin were ordered to wear Russian clothing in order to show respect to the Russian throne. During the 17 th century people who tried to wear clothing similar to European ones or foreign hairstyles were punished.

The traditional Russian costume was an important part of the culture and Western fashion trends couldn't reach the country. That was until the 18 th Century when Peter the Great carried reformed the look of upper and middle classes and forbid people in St. Petersburg wearing it because he thought the costume was only for peasants. Court members were from now on obliged to wear European clothing and the Long tradition of the sarafan began to crumble. From this point on European fashion began to influence the country.

Members of the tsar family were the first to change their dresses to the European style, which was very oriented towards French fashion. During this time the corset as well as the headdress, the so called fontange were brought to Russia from Europe. The fontange replaced the traditional headdress which was worn by married women to cover their hair fully. European clothing showed that someone belonged to the powerful classes while the other classes stuck with the traditional dress. The clothes worn by the common folk transformed very slowly while the change of clothing in the cities St. Petersburg and Moscow changed rapidly.

During the 19th-20th Century

During the 19 th century the rococo style became very popular. Especially under the power of Elizaveta Petrovna life was oriented towards the French fashion. Women wore dresses with narrow and low shoulders and a slim waist. Oval frames and corsets were loved, high heels first appeared and skirts lost their fluff. The frenchified sarafan included the traditional headdress with folded back sleeves, a slim waist and a big train. In higher social classes the modern cocktail dress first appeared.

In the 20 th century clothing became more practical. Tight corsets lost its way to looser clothes. Comfort was key and simple sarafans, shorts, blouses and ties came into fashion. Clothes for men and women had to be comfortable enough to work in and easy to put on and move around. Shoulder pads were incoporated in women's clothing for a more masculine look and strict uniforms became part of life. There was no room for individualism and the industrial production of clothing hindered the rise of complicated cuts or decorations. At the end of the 20 th century and after great changes within the Country the Russian fashion slowly began to melt with the European one. For fashion designers it was possible to open their own business, travel around the world and international brands could open their stores in Russian cities. Many Russian designers began to specialize in accessories and private individuals rather than following wih the mass production. Nowadays a lot of Russian fashion designers have made their way to the top.

Russian fashion designers today

Gosha Rubchinskiy

Born in 1984 in Moscow Gosha Rubchinskiy first worked as a hairdresser and fashion Stylist before showing his first menswear collection in 2008. His clothes are a mix of sportswear with tailoring which helped him get a name in the streetwear scene and he often references to Russia through the colours of the flag or Cyrillic writing on his clothes.

He has become the symbol of modern Russian Fashion and many famous brands like Adidas, Fila, Reebok, Burberry or Levis have reached out to him to help them with new and fresh designs. His clothing store can be found in Moscow in the KM20 Concept store and in 2016 he was nominated as one of the 500 most influential people in the fashion world,

Vika Gazinskaya

Born and raised Moscow Vika is well known in Russia and abroad for her original style, architectural cuts as well as her high-Quality fabrics. She likes to use strong lines and graphic forms and incoperates many details like appliques, crystals and artificial stones on her prints. She worked at the Fashion Magazine L'officiel Russia which helped her gain all the necessary knowledge before she showed her first collection in 2007. Her designs were featured in famous magazines like Harpers Bazaar or in the American Vogue and are sold all over the world.

Valentin Yudashkin

Born in 1963 he rose to fame internationally after launching his first collection in 1987 which was inspired by the famous Faberge eggs. After that he has created more than 50 collections for both women and men though the main focus is the designing of fashion for women.

He is the only Russian designer with membership in the Syndicate of High Fashion in Paris and his designs have even been exhibited in collections at the Moscow State Historical Museum, the Metropolitan Museum in New York and the Louvre Museum of Fashion in Paris to name a few.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Evolution of Russian clothing | Liden & Denz Russia

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Over the centuries the Russian clothing has undergone a huge change - from tradtitional clothes to the streetwear styles you can find today.

# data[].attributes.body
I am a part of the Kaleidoscope Museum Project, which is a online based project. The country I'll be writing about is Russia. The reason why I'm doing this project is because i want to show that through time some people might forget their country's traditions and cultures. For example: If people decided to move from the country to a big city, urbanisation can damage their culture though migration, experiencing a new globalised culture can supersede with a lot of new technology and thing pass from other country to Russia such as food, clothing……etc. some of the Russian citizens might forget how to cook their traditional cuisine. Nowadays most of the people in Russia art wearing the traditional clothing because it's not the fashion. So the cultures and traditions are slowly fading, and forgotten.