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A GMO is a genetically modified organism and that means an organisms whos genetic material has been altered and changing the genetic make-up

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Scientists were able to extract fluorescent protein from jellyfish DNA and inject into pig embryo's. They did this to see if the pigs picked up the gene and it was proved when they did glow in the dark.

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The role and reason for this experiment was to introduce genes that are beneficial to bigger animals to create cheaper and more efficient medicines for humans.

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These pigs were in South China Agricultural University and the experiment was done in 2013.

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Two benefits from this are that it is helping improve and test the safety of injecting genes so it can be improved for human use. Another benefit is that this will hopefully be able to help people with hemophilia and other disorders, they get their treatment by receiving enzymes to help clot blood and that is done by transfusion. The pigs/animals are genetically modified to get these enzymes to help provide life-saving treatments for the people who need them.

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This modification was done to test safely injecting helpful genes into animals to create better medicines for humans. It will be benefiting people because this test was done to improve the safety of injecting helpful genes.

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https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-2529901/Scientists-create-glow-dark-PIGS-injecting-jellyfish-DNA.html

https://www.pri.org/stories/2013-12-31/glow-dark-pigs-created-scientists-just-because

https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/glow-dark-piglets-could-save-lives/

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The foreign gene is present, it is the jellyfish DNA that makes the pigs glow, that's why the pigs glow under a UV light. The role of this gene is mainly to show the the injection worked, that is why they chose the jellyfish DNA because they would be able to see the fluorescent glow in the pigs.

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The modified characteristic is the jellyfish protein and its purpose really only to show that the DNA got into the pigs safely. That's why they used this jellyfish DNA so they could see the results. The fluorescent effect was just to make sure the gene got into the pig.

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This experiment is pretty safe for the pigs and there had seemed to be no harm done to them, except that when the lights were turned off the pigs started to squeal, but this could just be them being afraid of the dark. Another risk is that it isn't 100% accurate, in this test 25 pig embryos were injected and only 10 piglets glowed in the dark.