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It is the importance of structure and functions in a particular society since it makes everything in order. Also, it emphasizes that all people have their own responsibilities and functions that they need to do so that the society will become stable

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"Society is a complex system which works together to prevent stability."

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It became complex since it consists of different units such as family, education, politics and others.

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"Each part of the society contributes to the whole so as to maintain stability."

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All those units have different functions and they are contributing to the betterment of the society. Inclined with that, there's only a single role for everybody that they must perform in order for us to have a stable community.

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Important aspects of this theory:

1. It consists of functions and structures - which contributes to the stability of society

2. It has integration between all units and institutions in the society.

3. It maintains the stability in the society.

4. Prevents changes to the society to promote progress.

5. Education as a means of socialization.

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"Society as a chemical organism, and as such, it can evolve, thrive, or die."

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"Some societies are ‘more fit’ than others because they adapt better to changes in the environment."

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His type of thinking is known as the "Social Darnism" which suggests that strong societies survive and weak ones become extinct.

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"Social realities have both intended and unintended functions."

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Two types of functions according to Merton:

1. Manifest Functions which are the factors that lead to an expected consequence or outcome.

2. Latent Functions is the actors that lead to an unforeseen or unexpected consequence.

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1. August Comte
2. George Mead

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This paradigm doesn’t take into account the influence of wealth and power on the formation of society.

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Functionalists doesn't support the status quo.

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Communication
To learn the values, norms, and skills needed in working in the society, you need to socialize and learn from other people. Education is a primary vehicle in in learning those things.

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Social Control
Schools are expected to persuade their students that it is necessary to do what you want because it supports your freedom by being part of the society you're in.

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Selection and Allowance
This is needed for people to enter a particular occupational positions that rests with the schools.

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Assimilation of Newcomers
It is the absorption of newcomers into the dominant society. it functions in school as a gear towards including the poor and disadvantaged in the mainstream of society.

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Theoretical framework that views society in a struggle for scarce resources.

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This study's issues includes talks about race, gender, social class, criminal justice, and international relations.

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Two main concerns of Conflict Theorists:

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Two main concerns of Conflict Theorists:

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Gender Inequality

Power

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1. A stratification tool for the capitalist society.

2. Socialization

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This is the most micro of sociological approaches, because it studies the activities of individuals and then draws connections to the larger area of the society.

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It also focuses on how communicating to others could influences one's interactions with each other in creating the social world in which we live in.

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The roots of society comes from it's symbols. The symbols we use are organized.

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Theorists under the Symbolic Interactionism

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Theorists under the Symbolic Interactionism

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Three basic premises that define the symbolic interactionist perspective:

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Three basic premises that define the symbolic interactionist perspective:

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1. Human beings behave toward things on the basis of the meanings they ascribe to those things.

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2.  The meaning of such things is derived from, or arises out of the social interaction that one has with others and society.

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3.  These meanings are handled in and modified through an interpretive process used by the person in dealing with the things he or she encounters. 

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This theory focuses on the common, ordinary interactions between members in a school such as among peer groups, teachers and students, teachers and principals

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A science guided by the basic understanding that “the social matters: our lives are affected, not only by our individual characteristics, but by our place in the social world.

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Bigger approach

Focuses on the social structure on a larger scale. Usually, macro sociology analyzes the social system as a whole.

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Smaller approach

Concerned about the studies of people in face to face interactions. This basically studies the day to day connections of individuals with each others in a bigger scale.