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Holy Misconduct? (Current Event) - Ricardo Otake

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Holy Misconduct? (Current Event) - Ricardo Otake

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Due to the actions of Bishop Richard Malone and Auxiliary Bishop Edward Grosz, Pope Francis take action or the church could very well fall apart. The Pope must take or something as in the past will repeat itself in the present.

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By CAROLYN THOMPSON, Associated Press

BUFFALO, N.Y. (AP) - New York Attorney General Letitia James on Monday sued the Roman Catholic Diocese of Buffalo and two former church leaders, alleging they covered up allegations of sexual misconduct and misused charitable assets by supporting predatory priests who were allowed to retire or go on leave.

The lawsuit against the diocese, former Bishop Richard Malone and former Auxiliary Bishop Edward Grosz follows a two-year investigation. It found church leaders sheltered accused priests by letting them step away from ministry rather than follow mandated procedures that would subject them to possible removal from the priesthood by the Vatican.

"For years, the Diocese of Buffalo and its leadership failed to protect children from sexual abuse," James said in a news release. "Instead, they chose to protect the very priests who were credibly accused of these atrocious acts."

The diocese has recently acknowledged substantiated allegations of improper sexual conduct against 78 diocesan priests, James said. Of them, more than two dozen - while eventually removed from ministry - were not referred to the Vatican for a trial, according to the civil complaint filed in New York County Supreme Court.

The diocese, in a statement, said it would review the lawsuit before responding.

"In the meantime, we wish to reiterate that there is zero tolerance for sexual abuse of a minor or of sexual harassment of an adult in the Diocese of Buffalo by any member of the clergy, employee or volunteer," the statement said. "The Diocese has put in place rigorous policies and protocols governing required behavior as well as a code of conduct which all clergy are expected to abide by. Moreover, the Diocese has committed to full cooperation with all civil authorities in both the reporting and investigation of alleged crimes and complaints."

More than a dozen attorneys general around the country have confirmed investigations or reviews of clergy abuse in the wake of a shocking Pennsylvania grand jury report issued in July 2018. The report asserted that about 300 priests had abused at least 1,000 children in the state over seven decades.

New York's investigation of the Buffalo diocese began in September 2018, according to James, who said probes into the conduct of other state dioceses are ongoing.

The 218-page complaint filed Monday takes the novel approach of applying New York's charities statutes to address clergy sexual misconduct. It asks a judge to require the diocese's interim leader, Bishop Edward Scharfenberger, to comply with mandatory policies and procedures and seeks the appointment of an independent compliance auditor.

A survivors' group said it had been pushing for years for a related motion by James to allow for the disclosure of the accused priests' names and their alleged conduct.

"We are especially appreciative to A.G. James' office for finding creative ways to pursue this case," the Survivors Network of those Abused by Priests, said in a statement. "By using her office's power over non-profit entities, A.G. James is demonstrating a willingness to do what she can to force disclosures that will prevent future cases of abuse and can lead to justice for survivors."

Malone resigned in December 2019 amid mounting calls for his ouster from his staff, priests and public over his handling of allegations of clergy sexual misconduct. Grosz resigned upon reaching the retirement age of 75 in March.

The lawsuit seeks restitution and to bar them from serving in a fiduciary role in any nonprofit or charitable organization in New York state.

The Buffalo diocese - upstate New York's largest with 163 parishes and missions across eight counties - sought bankruptcy protection in February, citing hundreds of lawsuits filed against it since August 2019, when New York's Child Victims Act suspended the statute of limitations to allow victims of childhood abuse to pursue even decades-old allegations. It reported a $5 million loss in 2019.

"For years, the Diocese of Buffalo has put its own interests and reputation above child protection. We are hopeful that today's action by the Attorney General will put an end to that for good," said attorney Steve Boyd who, along with the law firm of Jeff Anderson & Associates, has filed more than 200 lawsuits against the diocese under the New York Child Victims Act.

The diocese expects more than 400 lawsuits in all, spokesperson Greg Tucker said.

Copyright 2020 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

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New York State Sues Buffalo Diocese Over Priest Misconduct

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New York Attorney General Letitia James on Monday sued the Roman Catholic Diocese of Buffalo and a former bishop, alleging they failed to protect children and adults from predatory priests by covering up allegations of sexual misconduct that were not properly investigated.

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Dictatorship in the Modern Day(current event)-Jacob Adam

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Dictatorship in the Modern Day(current event)-Jacob Adam

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President Lukashenko has been president for Belarus since 1994 after the collapse of the Soviet Union. He has been deemed as Europe's "last dictator" and people are protesting to the widely believed rigged election in favor of President Lukashenko so he can maintain power.

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Belarus is gripped by mass protests, triggered by an election widely believed to have been rigged in favour of the long-time leader Alexander Lukashenko.

The scale of the protests is unprecedented for Belarus. More than 100,000 have packed into central Minsk, the capital, for four consecutive Sundays since the disputed 9 August election.

More than 600 people were detained during the 6 September protests - in Minsk and some other towns and cities. Rallies for Mr Lukashenko have been much smaller.

After violent clashes with opposition demonstrators, numerous allegations of police brutality, processions of women in white with roses and walkouts at major state enterprises, we take a look at how all this came about.

What is the background?

Europe's longest-serving ruler, President Lukashenko took office in 1994 amid the chaos caused by the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991.

Often described as Europe's "last dictator", he has tried to preserve elements of Soviet communism. Much of manufacturing has remained under state control, and main media channels have been loyal to the government. The powerful secret police is even still called the KGB.

At the same time, Mr Lukashenko has tried to style himself as a tough nationalist with a direct manner, defending his country from harmful foreign influences, and a guarantor of stability.

These factors have given him - until now - a solid base of support, though elections under his rule have never been considered free or fair.

The opposition protests have been fuelled by complaints about widespread corruption and poverty, a lack of opportunities and low pay. Dissatisfaction was compounded by the coronavirus crisis.

Belarus: The basics

Where is Belarus? It has Russia - its former imperial master - to the east and Ukraine to the south. To the north and west lie EU and Nato members Latvia, Lithuania and Poland.

Why does it matter? Like Ukraine, this nation of 9.5 million is caught in rivalry between the West and Russia. President Lukashenko, an ally of Russia, has been nicknamed "Europe's last dictator". He has been in power for 26 years, keeping much of the economy in state hands, and using censorship and police crackdowns against opponents.

What's going on there? Now there is a huge opposition movement, demanding new, democratic leadership and economic reform. They say Mr Lukashenko rigged the 9 August election - officially, he won by a landslide. His supporters say his toughness has kept the country stable.

Opponents consider Mr Lukashenko's bravado about coronavirus - he suggested combating it with vodka, saunas and hard work - to be reckless and a sign that he is out of touch.

Then a crackdown on opponents ahead of the presidential election, with two opposition candidates jailed and another fleeing the country, led to the creation of a powerful coalition of three women closely involved in those campaigns.

What happened in the election?

One of the trio, Svetlana Tikhanovskaya, registered as a candidate in place of her arrested husband Sergey Tikhanovsky.

The 37-year-old English teacher and her two allies toured the country, drawing record crowds of people frustrated by the lack of political change.

Voting day arrived amid widespread fears among the opposition about possible fraud. With no independent observers invited, these fears seemed well-founded and numerous apparent irregularities were documented. An internet blackout began which lasted several days.

Polling closed and exit polls were released that closely resembled the results that were to be published the next day - suggesting that Mr Lukashenko had won with 80% of the vote. Ms Tikhanovskaya gained only about 10%, they said.

Those results were later rubber-stamped by authorities, but the main opposition candidate insisted that where votes had been properly counted she had polled 60-70%.

Disbelief and anger at what appeared to be quite brazen tampering with the results quickly spilled into the streets.

On the night after the election, violent clashes led to 3,000 arrests in Minsk and other cities. Police fired tear gas, rubber bullets and stun grenades, not seen before in Belarus, to disperse crowds.

Further nights of violence saw thousands of arrests throughout the country.

On the day after the election, Ms Tikhanovskaya tried to complain to election authorities about falsifications of the result. She was detained for seven hours and was forced to leave for Lithuania, where she had earlier sent her children.

In an emotional video address to supporters, she said she had overestimated her own strength and was leaving for the sake of her children.

Later, she launched a Co-ordination Council to negotiate a transfer of power, made up of civil society activists, lawyers and respected cultural figures.

And in a video address from Lithuania on 17 August, she said she was ready to lead Belarus, pending new fair elections, and urged security officers to switch sides.

She has made several video appeals to the international community - including the UN - for support to force Mr Lukashenko to quit and to help establish democracy in Belarus.

Mr Lukashenko reacted with hostility, refusing any negotiations with the new council. Members of it were detained and questioned.

On 19 August, prosecutors launched a criminal case against the council, accusing the opposition of plotting to seize power.

How have the protests evolved?

During the post-election clashes, details emerged of alleged police brutality, with detainees badly beaten and forced to endure overcrowded jails.

Many sought medical help and posted pictures of their injuries on social media after they were released.

This produced a new wave of demonstrations. Friends and relatives gathered at detention centres demanding news about detainees, and women dressed in white, carrying roses, linked arms and marched through the streets.

At major state-owned enterprises around the country, workers called strikes and joined the protests.

On 17 August, state TV staff walked out, joining the protests against Mr Lukashenko's re-election. Earlier, there were several high-profile resignations there.

Mr Lukashenko was booed by striking workers when he visited a tractor plant.

The authorities are seeking systematically to dismantle the Co-ordination Council.

There is a pattern of forcing opposition leaders to leave Belarus - through intimidation and threats, such as to remove children from their mothers, the opposition claims.

So Ms Tikhanovskaya is now based in Lithuania with her children, while her husband Sergey remains in jail.

Her close ally, Veronika Tsepkalo, is now in Poland with her family. Her husband Valery Tsepkalo, a former ambassador to the US, had been barred from running against Mr Lukashenko, and in late July, had fled to Moscow with their children.

Another leading dissident, Olga Kovalkova, moved to Poland on 5 September.

Ex-banker Viktor Babaryko tried to run against Mr Lukashenko but was barred and remains in jail.

His ally Maria Kolesnikova was confirmed as having been arrested on 8 September. The border police said she had tried to enter Ukraine in a speeding car with two fellow council members, Anton Rodnenkov and Ivan Kravtsov, who carried on into Ukraine.

The opposition says the border incident with Ms Kolesnikova was staged by the authorities, to suggest that the opposition were cowards fleeing the country.

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Belarus is gripped by mass protests, triggered by an election widely believed to have been rigged in favour of the long-time leader Alexander Lukashenko. The scale of the protests is unprecedented for Belarus. More than 100,000 have packed into central Minsk, the capital, for four consecutive Sundays since the disputed 9 August election.

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Monarchies today are less present in the world than before (Current Event) - Eric Yau

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Monarchies today are less present in the world than before (Current Event) - Eric Yau

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Monarchies as the UK Royal family don't really have a large effect in the laws in the government. They let the Prime Minister make and the other parts of the government make foreign and domestic laws.

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Muslims fallout with France Deepens           (current event)-Jacob Adam 

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Muslims fallout with France Deepens           (current event)-Jacob Adam 

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Teacher was killed for showing the prophet Muhammad to his students for a lesson in school. The Government in France trying to sweep in under the rug was answered with protests, calling them out for oppression.

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Tens of thousands protest in Dhaka, Saudi Arabia weighs in, and Iran summons diplomat over France's treatment of Islam.

A Palestinian burns a picture depicting French President Emmanuel Macron [Suhaib Salem/Reuters]

A rift between France and Muslim nations is growing after French President Emmanuel Macron said earlier this month that Islam was in "crisis".

Tension escalated after French teacher Samuel Paty was killed on October 16 near his school in broad daylight. He had shown caricatures of the Prophet Muhammad to his students. Since the crime, French officials were perceived as linking the killing to Islam.

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan has criticised Macron, saying the French leader needed "mental checks" over his attitude towards Islam.

Across the Muslim world, some leaders have condemned France and Macron, including Saudi Arabia and Iran; while tens of thousands have attended protests in Bangladesh calling for a boycott of French goods.

Malaysia condemns Islamophobia

Malaysia says it is "gravely concerned" over the "growing open hostilities towards Muslims following Paty's brutal killing.

"As a matter of principle, we strongly condemn any inflammatory rhetoric and provocative acts that seek to defame the religion of Islam," Foreign Minister Hishammuddin Hussein said in a statement.

Hishammuddin said Malaysia, whose multi-ethnic population is just over 60 percent Muslim, would work with the international community "to promote mutual respect among religions".

Turkish President to feature on cover of satirical magazine Charlie Hebdo

President Erdogan will grace the cover of the next edition of French satire magazine Charlie Hebdo, the publication said in a tweet, likely escalating a war of words between Erdogan and Western powers over freedom of speech.

The tweet showed a cover featuring a caricature of Erdogan sitting in a chair and lifting the dress of a woman to reveal her backside with the caption "Erdogan - he's a lot of fun in private."

The next Charlie Hebdo is set for release on Wednesday.

Erdogan has been at the forefront of a wave of anger from Muslim majority countries after Charlie Hebdo opted to rerelease caricatures of the Islamic prophet Mohammed that had enraged Muslims a decade.

France urges EU to adopt measures against Turkey at next summit

France has urged fellow European Union leaders to adopt measures against Turkey, after President Erdogan questioned President Macron's mental health and called for a boycott of French goods.

"France is united and Europe is united. At the next European Council, Europe will have to take decisions that will allow it to strengthen the power balance with Turkey to better defend its interests and European values," Trade Minister Franck Riester told lawmakers, without elaborating.

Turkey's parliament condemns Macron's remarks

Turkey's parliament has condemned French Macron's defence of caricatures depicting Prophet Muhammed, saying his comments were "sick sick rhetoric" with the potential to cause a global rupture.

Four parties including the ruling AK Party, their allies the Nationalist Movement Party (MHP), the secularist main opposition Republican People's Party (CHP) and the Iyi Party, issued a joint declaration saying Macron's remarks could cause "destructive conflicts" among people of different beliefs.

"With his reckless actions under the pretence of 'supporting freedom of expression', (Macron) is triggering a conflict, rupture whose global repercussions can deeply and negatively impact people of all beliefs," the four parties said in their joint statement.

US hopes France, Turkey ease tensions

The United States has voiced hope that NATO allies France and Turkey would ease tensions that have soared over President Emmanuel Macron's defence of caricatures depicting Prophet Muhammad.

"The United States strongly believes that unnecessary Alliance infighting only serves our adversaries," a State Department spokesperson said.

Kadyrov to Macron: 'You are forcing people into terrorism'

Chechen leader Ramzan Kadyron has said that President Emmanuel Macron was contributing to the radicalisation of people by insisting that caricatures of Prophet Muhammad fell under free speech.

"You are forcing people into terrorism, pushing people towards it, not leaving them any choice, creating the conditions for the growth of extremism in young people's heads," Kadyron wrote on Instagram.

"You can boldly call yourself the leader and inspiration of terrorism in your country," Kadyrov wrote, addressing Macron."

Parisians more concerned with COVID-19 than Muslim world fallout

As tensions between French President Emmanuel Macron and Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan mount amid a debate over Islam and freedom of expression, some in France have offered an eye-roll response, while the French president's domestic opponents have seized on an opportunity to criticise his failure to address the deepening crisis.

The fallout between the Muslim world and France continued on Tuesday, with anger rising over Macron's recent speech in which he said Islam was "in crisis" globally, and amid renewed support in the country for the right to display caricatures of the Prophet Muhammad.

"This isn't the time for this," Silouane Tessak, a student living in northeast Paris, told Al Jazeera. "There's so much going on in the world, especially with the [coronavirus] health crisis. Is this really the appropriate moment for a political spat?"

Others worried the drama was creating an unnecessary distraction as France deals with record numbers of new coronavirus cases.

Read more here.

Boycott of French goods: 'This is the strongest weapon we have'

In Qatar, shoppers said they supported the decision by some retailers to withdraw French products from their shelves.

"I commend this decision by al Meera and I hope other companies will follow its example," said Jassim Ibrahim Shahbeek, referring to one of the country's biggest supermarket chains. "This is the strongest weapon we have right now."

Omar Mbarak al-Ali, another Doha resident, said the decision was reflective of people's position, expressing hope the boycott "will reach French officials and certainly make a difference."

Doha residents expressed hope that the boycott initiative of French products would get their voices heard [File: AFP]

#IStandWithFrance trends in India amid outrage in Muslim world

As Muslims across the world protest and broaden their calls for a boycott of French products, hashtags with a different message are trending in Hindu-majority India.

#IStandWithFrance and #WeStandWithFrance were among the top trends on Indian Twitter on Monday and Tuesday, with thousands expressing their solidarity with France.

Read more here.

If a Christian/Hindu/Jewish teacher showed a cartoon of Mary/Krishna/Jesus and was later beheaded by a Christian/Hindu/Jew, of course it would be an act of radical Christianity/Hinduism/Judaism.

Why is Islam an exception? #WeStandWithFrance #Emmanuel_Macron

- Priyanka Deo Jain (@priyankadeo) October 27, 2020

France boycott call puts Turkey 'even further' from EU

President Recep Tayyip Erdogan's support for a boycott of French goods is a further setback to Turkey's already stalled bid to join the European Union, the European Commission said.

"Calls for boycott of products of any member state are contrary to the spirit of these obligations and will take Turkey even further away from the European Union," a spokesman said.

Turkish president files complaint against Dutch MP Wilders

Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan lodged a criminal complaint against Dutch far-right politician Geert Wilders over an insulting tweet.

"Fascism is not in our book, it's in your book. Social justice is in our book," Erdogan said on Sunday at a meeting of his Justice and Development Party (AK Party) in the eastern Malatya province, calling Wilders a "fascist".

His remarks came after Party for Freedom leader Wilders, known for his anti-Islam stance, shared on Twitter an insulting cartoon of the Turkish president which was denounced by several Turkish officials, including Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu.

Palestinians protest French insults against Islam

Hundreds of Palestinians staged a protest in the town of Al-Ram in Jerusalem against French President Emmanuel Macron. They believe the French president's critique of Islam and the country's support for the caricatures of Prophet Muhammad were insulting.

Protesters waved banners and chanted slogans defending the prophet.

France tells its citizens in Muslim countries: Watch out for backlash

France has warned its citizens living or travelling in several Muslim-majority countries to take extra security precautions because of a surge of anger over caricatures of the Prophet Muhammad displayed in a French school.

French officials have said they will continue to support the right to show the caricatures after an 18-year-old student of Chechen origin killed Samuel Paty, a teacher who showed the images to his pupils as part of a civics lesson.

As Muslims' Human Rights Defenders, we no longer feel safe in France. After the government called for our dissolution and designated us " an enemy of the Republic ", the CCIF goes international. https://t.co/P1160TrfT1

- CCIF (@ccif) October 26, 2020

Tens of thousands stage anti-France rally in Bangladesh capital

Tens of thousands of protesters marched through Dhaka, the Bangladesh capital, calling for a boycott of French products and burning an effigy of Macron after he defended caricatures depicting the Prophet Muhammad.

Police estimated that more than 40,000 people took part in the march, which was halted before it could get close to the French embassy.

Hundreds of officers used a barbed-wire barricade to stop the protesters, who dispersed peacefully.

Read more here.

Iran summons French ambassador over Macron comments

Iran's foreign ministry summoned the French charge d'affaires over Macron's comments regarding Islam and Muslims.

A ministry official told the diplomat Iran strongly rejected "any insult and disrespect to the Prophet of Islam ... and Islam's pure values of Islam by any person regardless of their position", according to local media.

Saudi Arabia condemns attempts to 'link Islam to terrorism'

Saudi Arabia has condemned caricatures of the Prophet Muhammad and any attempts to "link Islam with terrorism".

However, the kingdom did not echo calls by other Muslim-majority countries for action against images being displayed in France of the prophet.

A foreign ministry statement also said Saudi Arabia "condemns every terrorist act, whoever committed it", in an apparent reference to the beheading of teacher Samuel Paty near Paris this month.

Read more here.
Hello. I'm Usaid Siddiqui in Toronto, bringing you the latest updates on the backlash over French President Emmanuel Macron's critique of Islam. Here's a quick recap:
The fallout between France and the Muslim world continues on Tuesday.

A rift has widened after two events - the first was Emmanuel Macron's speech on October 2 in which the French president said Islam was a religion in "crisis" across the world, as he sought support for a new bill to strengthen secularism laws.

The second event, the killing of teacher Samuel Paty, has led to further upset. While Muslims condemned the gruesome daylight beheading, the response from French officials had been perceived as linking Islam with "terrorism". There are also fears of collective punishment.

Further, because Paty was killed after showing students caricatures of the Prophet Muhammad, officials including Macron have been defiant in saying these images would continue to be allowed as a matter of freedom of expression.

The prophet is deeply revered by Muslims and any kind of visual depiction is forbidden in Islam.

Over the weekend, Muslims called for a boycott of French goods, a move supported by Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, who often clashes with Macron. There have also been several street protests across the Muslim world.

Some world leaders have criticised Macron's treatment of Islam, while many in Europe stand by him.

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Muslim world's falling-out with France deepens: Live news

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Tens of thousands protest in Dhaka, Saudi Arabia weighs in, and Iran summons diplomat over France's treatment of Islam. A rift between France and Muslim nations is growing after French President Emmanuel Macron said earlier this month that Islam was in "crisis".

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The Types Of Christianity (After 1054) - Ricardo Otake

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The Types Of Christianity (After 1054) - Ricardo Otake

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After the Great Schism, there were many different teachings of what was once known as Christianity. In the beginning, there was only, Roman Catholic and Eastern Orthodox. But soon there were more variants to branch off of what was already separated.

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The concept of the EU was created after the Second World War. Countries in the Union can become economically interdependent and lessens tension between the countries. It affected Europe by introducing them to one currency, the euro. This is the main currency that is used in the Union and now 340 million EU citizens and 19 countries use it as their currency.

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The Age of Exploration(Early 15th century - Late 17th century)

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The Age of Exploration(Early 15th century - Late 17th century)

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European ships traveled around the world to search for new trading routes and land expansion for Europe. In the process, Europeans encountered groups of people and landmarks that were unknown to them at the time. Among the most famous explorers of the period were Christopher Columbus, Vasco da Gama, Pedro Álvares Cabral, John Cabot, Juan Ponce de León, and Ferdinand Magellan.

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The Crusades (1096-1291) - Ricardo Otake

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The Crusades (1096-1291) - Ricardo Otake

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Crusades are the series of invasions led by the Roman Catholic Church on the holy land, Jerusalem. The Roman Catholic Church was at war with the Muslims since they viewed their belief as an offense to Catholicism. The Roman Church was able to have available warriors since they were promising them their "ticket to heaven".

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The Black Death was an epidemic of bubonic plague, a disease caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis that circulates among wild rodents where they live in great numbers and density. In Europe, infected areas may have lost up to 80 percent of the population. Europe losing most of its doctors caused villages to be abandoned. It affected all classes but it hit the lower class the hardest due to them living in poor conditions together.

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The Rise of Nationalism - Brennan Costello

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The Rise of Nationalism - Brennan Costello

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The concept of nationalism, which had been cultivated in France during and after the French Revolution, was spread further when Napoleon began to invade other nations. Rulers of other nations, in retaliation, called on their own people to unite against the threat. Nations that Napoleon had already conquered began to unite around their hatred of the dictator. Nations all around Europe began to create rallying points for their people at home, and in this manner the idea of nationalism was spread.

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The French Revolution (1789-1799) - Brennan Costello

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The French Revolution (1789-1799) - Brennan Costello

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A period sparked by the economic depression France was in, and also characterized by the beheading of King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette. This was an act performed by the people out of a desire to have an identity as a nation, but it sent France into a state of political turmoil. This ended when Napoleon Bonaparte came into power after throwing a coup to overthrow the government in 1799.

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Enlightenment (1685-1815) - Brennan Costello

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Enlightenment (1685-1815) - Brennan Costello

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Known as "The Age of Reason," this period emphasized rational thinking, equality, secularism, and the concepts of natural rights and separation of powers. This was also when the concept of the "Social Contract Theory" first came about.

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The Renaissance (1300s-1600s) - Brennan Costello

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The Renaissance (1300s-1600s) - Brennan Costello

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This was the time period that followed the Dark Ages.  There was more focus on personal growth and responsibility, more interest in science and medical knowledge, and less dependence on the Catholic Church.

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This was mainly due to the consistent invasion by barbarians. After the loss of Western Rome their was  a decrease in Christianity over and and a loss of traditional values. The miles of Roman streets were no longer in use, maintained and goods were not being transported which lead to the fall of the Romans.

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Monarchies (Limited & Absolute) -Eric Yau

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Monarchies (Limited & Absolute) -Eric Yau

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Monarchies are in which a king or queen rule an empire or kingdom. There are two types of monarchy: the Constitutional monarchy and absolute monarchy, the monarch's power is limited by a constitution. Yet in an absolute monarchy, the monarch has limitless power. Monarchies first had a large rise in popularity during the middle ages due to the prosperity and peace.

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This age was also known as the Medieval period, was during the 5th to the 15 century. During this time Church would start suppressing upstart religious and punish heterodox Practices.

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Charlemagne was the king of the Franks and emperor of the West ruling from 768 to 814. He was crowned the first emperor of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope Leo 800CE. This was largely because Charlemagne supported Christian churches by providing the popes with money, land and protection. Therefore, as recognition to his power and relationship to the Church he crowned the first king of the Roman empire.

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The Founding of the Christianity (Ad 30-34) - Ricardo Otake

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The Founding of the Christianity (Ad 30-34) - Ricardo Otake

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There was a moment in time where a man believed to be the messiah sent by God and this man was the reason for the creation of Christianity as well as many other beliefs. After the death of Jesus, the messiah, everyone viewed him as their savior and are preparing for his return. To honor him, his disciples spread his teachings for example Saint Peter shared his writings with many people to influence their beliefs.

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The Great Schism Of 1054 - Ricardo Otake

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The Great Schism Of 1054 - Ricardo Otake

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During these times there was much controversy on where the belief should go at the point that it was at the time. One of the disagreements was to be used in the communion. The catalyst for the separation of the church was the corruption which also created the Protestant branch.