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Fatmanur S /Dilek Topaloğlu
Legend has it that Zeus offered a competition between Athena and Poseidon for the ownership of Athens. Poseidon raised his trident, crashed into the hard rocks of the Acropolis, and a salt fountain was thrown. Athena produced an olive tree with rich fruits hanging from its branches in abundance. This dramatic showdown between the two powerful Olympians was immortalized by the stone depicted in the Parthenon's Western pediment sculptures.

The Athenians chose Athena's gift, and the olive tree has remained a central part of Greek life for all its profound qualities ever since. The leaves were used to crown the heads of victorious athletes, generals, and kings, the wood used to build houses and boats, the oil used to fuel lamps, was rubbed into the toned, muscular bodies of the agile athletes, added to all food. The food and the olive itself - a staple of the Mediterranean diet and a valuable export throughout antiquity and today. Even on iconic Athenian tetradrachm coins, the leaves of the olive branch stared to the left of Athena's owl.

On top of the Athenian Acropolis stands an olive tree, a symbol of centuries of devotion and respect.
However, the olive tree in the Athenian Acropolis was more important than others due to its divine origin. A Temple of Athena Polias ('the city') was built, housing an xoanon cult statue made of olive wood inside and a site created for Athena's sacred olive tree. When the Great King Xerxes' Persian armies swept Greece and plundered Athens in 525 BC, the buildings on the Acropolis were set on fire and destroyed. Still, Herodotus sprouted to us the olive tree 'two cubits (3 ft) high on the same day. The seeds from the remains of this tree have been replanted all over Attica, and thus all the olive groves surrounding Athens have a touch of Athena's original tree.

İ.Ö. When the Highland Oath, which was sworn to leave the remains of the Persian destruction as a war memorial in 421, ended in 479 BC, the Erechtheion was built in the holiest areas of the Acropolis. Here were not only the tombs of the legendary kings Kekrops and Erechtheus, but also the point where the three forks of Poseidon hit the ground and of course Athena's sacred olive tree. The olive tree has once again regained and continued to be honored the great monuments around it, and has remained a central part of Athens' religious and cultural landscape for centuries.

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Fatmanur S /Dilek Topaloğlu
https://thepresenttree.com/blogs/tree-meanings/olive-tree-meaning

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Teacher: Dilek TOPALOĞLU

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In ancient Greece, the moriai (plural of moria) were olive trees considered to be the property of the state because of their religious significance.

From Attic Orators, vol. I. p. 289:

Throughout Attica, besides the olives which were private property (ἴδιαι ἐλαῖαι, Lys. or. 7 § 10) there were others which, whether on public or on private lands, were considered as the property of the State. They were called moriae (μορίαι)--the legend being that they had been propagated (μεμορημέναι) from the original olive which Athena herself had caused to spring up on the Acropolis. This theory was convenient for their conservation as State property, since, by giving them a sacred character, it placed them directly under the care of the Areiopagus, which caused them to be visited once a month by Inspectors (ἐπιμεληταί, Lys. or. 7 § 29), and once a year by special Commissioners (γνώμονες, ib. § 25). To uproot a moria was an offence punishable by banishment and confiscation of goods (ib. § 41).[1]

From Moriai: Sacred Arboriculture in Athens:

Athena's gift to her protégés was the olive she planted on the sacred rock of the Acropolis. From this primordial olive twelve new trees were transplanted in the sanctuary of the hero Akademos and comprised a sacred grove. These trees, we are told by our ancient sources, were called moriai. The etymology remains obscure, but the most compelling explanation is the connection of the word moria with the stem μερ, which bears the meaning 'to be part of': the moriai were part of Athena's property.[2]

Contest for Attica (Athens) Edit

According to Greek mythology, upon his establishment of the newly founded city ( polis) of Attica, king Cecrops desired to appoint a patron deity and protector over his new city. Poseidon (Olympic god of the sea, earthquakes, and horses) and Athena (Olympic goddess of wisdom, craft, and war) both desired to lay claim to the ancient Greek city. Appearing before king Cecrops and a gathering of the people of Attica on the Acropolis, it was decided that a contest between the two powerful Olympians would be held. Whomever could bestow the more useful gift to the people of Attica would be declared patron deity and have the city named in his/her honor. Poseidon was the first to present his gift; striking a rock with a powerful blow of his trident, a spring of salt water burst through. Athena came next; as she thrust her spear into the ground of the Acropolis, she knelt down and planted an olive branch in the hole, which quickly grew into Greece's very first moria ( olive) tree. King Cecrops and the people of Attica deliberated the usefulness of the gifts. Poseidon's spring made of salt water was not suitable for drinking or much else, yet Athena's precious gift proved to be suitable for an abundance of purposes. Athena was hailed winner of the competition and was crowned patron goddess and protector of the city (polis) of Attica, whose people adopted the name Athens in her honor.

From Olive Oil Times, Laura Aitken-Burt writes:

The Athenians chose Athena's gift and the olive tree has remained a central part of Greek life ever since for all of its profound qualities. The leaves have been used to crown the heads of victorious athletes, generals and kings, the wood used to construct houses and boats, the oil used to give fuel to lamps, rubbed into the toned, muscled bodies of lithe athletes, added to all food dishes and the olives themselves-a staple in the Mediterranean diet and a valuable export throughout antiquity and today. Even the iconic Athenian tetradrachm coins had the leaves of the olive branch peeping to the left of Athena's owl.[3]

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In ancient Greece, the moriai (plural of moria) were olive trees considered to be the property of the state because of their religious significance. From Attic Orators, vol. I. p. 289: Throughout Attica, besides the olives which were private property (ἴδιαι ἐλαῖαι, Lys. or.

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Teacher: Dilek TOPALOĞLU
Athena's olive tree and Poseidon.

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1.According to mythology, Hercules planted an olive tree at the temple of Hera (or Heraion/Heraeum), after completing his 12 deeds. It was known as "Kallistefanos" (meaning nice wreath) olive tree. From this tree, they used to make "kotinos", which was considered the ultimate distinction for every athlete. Kotinos was a wreath from wild olive, awarded to the athletes when they won a race. Moreover, winners were given olive oil in Panathenaic amphora.
Hercules' bat was also made from wild olive tree.

2.Herodotus describes the following story which is relevant to the olive wreath. Xerxes was interrogating some Arcadians after the Battle of Thermopylae. He inquired why there were so few Greek men defending the Thermopylae. The answer was "All other men are participating in the Olympic Games". And when asked "What is the prize for the winner?", "An olive-wreath" came the answer. Then ,one of his generals uttered: "Good heavens! Mardonius, what kind of men are these against whom you have brought us to fight? Men who do not compete for possessions, but for vrtue."'

3.Aristophanes in Plutus makes a humorous comment on victorious athletes who are crowned with wreath made of wild olive instead of gold:

Why, Zeus is poor, and I will clearly prove it to you. In the Olympic games, which he founded, and to which he convokes the whole of Greece every four years, why does he only crown the victorious athletes with wild olive? If he were rich he would give them gold.

4.The Athenians depicted Goddess Athena  with an olive wreath on her helmet and an amphora filled with olive oil  or an olive branch in her hand. Moreover, the Statue of Zeus at Olympia, one of the seven Wonders ,made by the Greek sculptor Phidias was also crowned with olive wreath.
5. Homer mentions olive tree, particularly in Odyssey. In the
Phaeacians' land, there were a lot of olive trees in the gardens of King Alcinous Palace. Homer describes them with beautiful adjectives, depecting in this way the distinguished status of olive trees in the daily life of Ancient Greeks. When Odysseus arrives at the Phaeacians' land, naked and wrecked, he finds shelter in an olive grove. Later on, the Phaeacians lay their presents at the root of an olive tree. When Odysseus arrives at Ithaca, Athena shows him an olive tree by the port of Forkynos, to persuade him that he has finally arrived home. Finally, Athena and Telemachus plan the slaying of the Suitors under the shade of an olive tree, sitting by its root.

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Olive branch is an image of an olive twig, symbolizing peace and goodwill in Western European culture. This tradition originated in ancient Greece.

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�In Aistian mythology, oaks are the most important trees grown in many sacred places. The ancient Aistians (and Lithuanians) believed that spirits lived in the oak groves, and especially the old and thick oaks were the habitats of the gods. The historian and ethnographer of Lithuania Minor Motiejus Pretorijus, who lived in 1635–1707, wrote that people prayed to old, powerful, sacred oaks from very distant places because they believed that God was building an angel next to them, which is good for good people and bad for bad ones. - blog. The Prussians believed that the gods lived in oaks and in their ooze they even heard the answers of the gods. Late folk folklore also mentions that a person who has returned from the journey back to God wakes up under an oak tree or in an oak grove. In mythology, the cult associates oak with Thunder.

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TEACHER:Dilek Topaloğlu

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There is a lot of information about olive oil in mythology, let's listen to these;

In ancient Greek mythology, It is stated that the name of Athens, which was founded in B.C.17, was determined by an olive branch. Accordingly, Zeus gathers the council of gods to name the city to be established. He says that the god or goddess who gave the city the most precious gift will give the city its name and be its protector. Poseidon, the god of the sea, creates a horse that will be very useful in battles from the sea and brings it to the attention of the assembly. The gift of Athena, the goddess of mind, science and art, is an olive branch. This tree will live for hundreds of years, people will feed on its fruit. In addition, a liquid will be obtained from the fruit of the tree. This liquid will heal wounds and brighten at night. Athena is the winner of the competition. The olive tree is planted in the Acropolis. It is said that still all olive trees have grown from this first olive tree created by Athena.

İIn the Iliad, Homer sits under an olive tree, and the olive tree tells him: "I belong to everyone, I don't belong to anyone, I was here before you came, I will be here after you leave."

According to Greek mythology, Zeus will protect the city to the one who gives him the most precious gift and opens a competition for it.

Poseidon, the god of the seas, presents Zeus with a horse that can fly to distant lands and will not be defeated in battle. Athena is the olive tree. The competition is tough because they both want to give Zeus the most beautiful gift in the world. An invincible warrior horse that could undoubtedly travel to the farthest lands of the world is the perfect gift, but the olive tree is more perfect. In the face of the magnificence of the olive tree, all Gods and Goddesses, especially Zeus, were fascinated and stunned by the flawlessness of the tree. Despite all his ambition and desire to win, even Poseidon was so impressed by the olive tree that he accepts the superiority of the olive tree despite the conflict between them. Thereupon, Athena breaks a branch from the olive tree and gives it to Poseidon, and thus the enmity between them disappears in the face of the unrivaled beauty of the olive tree.

After that day, Athena's name is given to the city of Athens. The phrase of extending an olive branch to the enemy has come from this myth in almost all languages. Because the olive tree is of beauty and holiness that even your enemy cannot break. The two main trees forbidden to cut in the world are olive and mastic trees. Unless chemicals are spilled on their bottom, or a group that hates the world, nature, and the good future of our children, they will live forever without mercy and greed. Olive is eternity.

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In ancient Greek mythology, It is stated that the name of Athens, which was founded in B.C.17, was determined by an olive branch. Accordingly, Zeus gathers the council of gods to name the city to be established. He says that the god or goddess who gave the city the most precious gift will give the city its name and be its protector.

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1-Not to reduce the diversty of animals
2-For the reduction of natural disasters
Teacher: Simru PAMUK

Betül Can Anatolian High School

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It is the gift of the goddess Athena, who represents fertility and peace. " According to Greek mythology, the olive tree is formed as a result of a competition between Athena, the goddess of wisdom, and Poseidon, the sea god. According to the story, Poseidon and Athena want the city founded by Kekrops to be named after them.

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8Mythology, which means "repetition of what was said in the past" in Greek, is used for the use of myths to explain the creation and nature of the universe with humanity in a particular religion, belief or culture (Meadow 2020). In the dictionary of the Turkish Language Association, mythology is “science, science, interpretation of myths, births and meanings; It is defined as the whole of myths and legends belonging to a nation, a religion, especially Greek, Latin civilization ”(Anonymous 2020a).

Plants can be seen in many mythological stories conveyed until today. Plants considered as the most precious gift of the gods; It has been identified with ongoing events and different stories and meanings have been attributed to plants. Mythological stories have an important place in the research and analysis of these events.

In the first of our series of articles, we examined the mythological story of the olive tree, sometimes as the championship crown of a successful athlete in mythology, a symbol of peace between the two countries, a tool for illuminating temples, and sometimes as an elixir put on the face of the goddess Aphrodite to become more beautiful. Enjoyable readings.

Let the olive tree whisper in your ear ...
source:https://youtu.be/BRrkUDEx8uo

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It is the gift of the goddess Athena.  According to Greek mythology, the olive tree is formed as a result of a competition between Athena, the goddess of wisdom, and Poseidon, the sea god.
Even Poseidon was so impressed by the olive tree that he acknowledges the superiority of the olive tree despite the conflict between them. Upon this, Athena breaks a branch from the olive tree and gives it to Poseidon, and thus the enmity between them disappears in the face of the unrivaled beauty of the olive tree.

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 Şeyma Karadeniz 😊
 Teacher: Setenay Güngör

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 Şeyma Karadeniz 😊
 Teacher: Setenay Güngör

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Olive legends do not end with telling. According to another legend, this tree, protected by warriors, was burned together with the Acropolis during the Persian occupation in 480 BC. The olive tree, which remained among the ruins of the Acropolis after the occupation, sprouts, comes to life, and its exiles are planted all over Greece.😊

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BETÜL CAN ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL -ANKARA- TURKEY 

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BETÜL CAN ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL -ANKARA- TURKEY 

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TEACHER: SİMRU PAMUK

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BETÜL CAN ANATOLİAN HİGH SCHOOL-ANKARA-TURKEY

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BETÜL CAN ANATOLİAN HİGH SCHOOL-ANKARA-TURKEY

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TÜLAY KAYA
Teacher : SİMRU PAMUK

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THE PLACE OF THE OLİVE TREE İN MYTHOLOGY

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Prepared by Betül Can Anatolian High School Team students TECHER: SİMRU PAMUK

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Prepared by Betül Can Anatolian High School Team students TECHER: SİMRU PAMUK

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Mount Ağrı and  Noah's Ark mythology information
TEACHER: SİMRU PAMUK

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190 yıldır izi sürülen Nuh'un Gemisi'yle ilgili araştırma yapan isimlerden Yeni Zelandalı bilim insanı John Larson, 2014'te yeraltında 3 katlı bir yapı olduğunu ileri sürdü. Bir başka araştırmacı ise deniz seviyesinin 2 bin metre üzerinde fosilleşmiş deniz kabukları olduğunu belirtiyor.

Kimine göre gerçek, kimine göre efsane... MÖ 3000-3500'lü yıllarda yaşandığı düşünülen Nuh Tufanı, 3 semavi dinin kutsal kitaplarında, Sümer tabletlerinde ve Gılgamış Destanı'nda da anlatılır. Yoldan sapan insanlığa ceza olarak gönderilen Büyük Tufan'dan sadece Nuh Peygamber ve gemisine binen inananlar ile soyunun devamını getirmek için gemiye alınan her türden bir çift hayvan kurtulur. Tufan biter, kutsal gemi Ağrı Dağı'na oturur ve hayat yeniden başlar... Bilim insanları, bu efsaneden hareketle Nuh'un Gemisi'ni Ağrı'da aramaya koyulur. 1829'de Alman bilim insanı Frederic Parrot tarafından yapılan keşif gezisi, araştırmaların yolunu açar. Gemi, Ağrı Dağı'nın zirvesinde de eteklerinde de aranır. Bilim dünyası, Nuh'un Gemisi'nin bulunduğuna inananlar ve inanmayanlar olarak ikiye ayrılır. Yankı uyandıran gelişme Çinli araştırmacıların 2010 yılında Ağrı Dağı'nın içinde yaptığını iddia ettiği çalışmalar olur ancak sonu gelmez. Son olarak belgeselci Cem Sertesen ile Ağrı Kültür ve Müdür Yardımcısı Erkan Kösedağ'ın hazırladığı "Nuh'un Gemisi Asrın Keşfi" kitabıyla konu yeniden gündeme geldi. Habertürk ekibi, efsanenin peşinden Doğubayazıt'a gitti. Nuh'un Gemisi'ni araştıranlarla görüştü, fotoğrafladı.

Nuh'un Gemisi'ni bulmak için ilk yola çıkan araştırmacı kişi, Alman bilim insanı Friedrich Parrot'du. Dini kaynakları referans alarak 1829'da Ağrı Dağı'nın zirvesine çıkan Parrot'nun zorlu tırmanışı sonuçsuz kaldı. 1916 yılında Rus pilot Vladimir Roskovski de aynı nedenle Ağrı'ya geldi. Bir uçuş sırasında fark ettiği gemi kalıntısını arayan Rus pilotun gezisi de bilimsel bir çalışmaya evrilemedi. Aradan 40 yıl geçti. 1952'de Ortadoğu'da çalışan Amerikalı mühendis George Jefferson Green, helikopterle keşif uçuşu yaparken Nuh'un Gemisi'ni gördüğünü iddia etti. Green çok geçmeden başka bir göreve atandı. Yıllar sonra maden işinde çalışırken öldürülen Green'in eşyaları ve Nuh'un Gemisi'ne ait olduğunu söylediği fotoğraflar da kayboldu. Bu esrarengiz olayı takiben Ağrı Dağı'na çıkanlardan biri de Ay'a ilk ayak basan astronotlardan James Irwin'di. Ancak Irwin de sonuç elde edemeden geri döndü.
ARA GÜLER TANITTI
Ağrı'nın Doğubayazıt İlçesi'ndeki Telçeker Köyü'nde bulunan ize ilk ulaşan, Yüzbaşı İlhan Durupınar'dı. Harita Müdürlüğü'nde görev yapan Durupınar, 11 Eylül 1959'da, Ağrı Dağı'nın 4 bin-4 bin 500 metre yükseklikten çekilen hava fotoğrafları üzerinden harita çizimi yapmakla görevliydi. Önüne getirilen fotoğraftaki şekli tanımlamakta zorlanmıştı. Bu meteor çukuru ya da yer şekli değildi. Gemiye benziyordu. Yüzbaşı, izin Nuh'un Gemisi olabileceğini düşündü. Bu haber kurum içinde hemen duyuldu ve çalışanlardan biri tarafından basına sızdırıldı. Kısa süre sonra harita görüntüsü "Türk ordusunun Hayat Mecmuası'na hediyesidir, bunun Nuh'un Gemisi olduğunu zannediyoruz" notuyla ünlü foto muhabiri Ara Güler'e ulaştırıldı. Soluğu Ağrı'da alan Ara Güler, maceralı bir yolculuk sonunda izi buldu. O fotoğraflar Amerikan Life Dergisi'nde "Bu Nuh'un Gemisi mi?" başlığıyla yayımlandığında dünyanın gözü Ağrı'ya çevrildi. Fotoğraflar; Time ve Stern gibi dünyaca ünlü diğer dergilerde de yer aldı.
MİLLİ PARK İLAN EDİLDİ
20 Haziran 1987'de hükümet, Telçeker Köyü'ndeki 'Nuh'un Gemisi' kalıntısı ve çevresini milli park ilan etti. Türkiye adına ise bölgedeki en kapsamlı bilimsel araştırmayı California Üniversitesi Los Alamos Ulusal Labarotuvarı'ndan John Baumgardner ile Erzurum Atatürk Üniversitesi'nden Salih Bayraktutan yürüttü. Bayraktutan refakatindeki keşif çalışmalarına, Nuh'un Gemisi'ni dünyaya tanıtan Ron Wyatt ve David Fassolt gibi araştırmacılar da katıldı. Bu çalışmaların tamamı zamanın teknolojisinin yetersizliği sebebiyle sonuçsuz kaldı.
3 KATLI GEMİ KALINTISI
Gelinen noktada izin gemi kalıntısına ait olduğu iddiasını güçlendiren tek bulgu ise Yeni Zelandalı araştırmacı John Larson'ın yaptığı yeraltı radar taramalarında görünen 3 katlı gemi kalıntısına benzeyen yapı oldu. Bugün Nuh'un Gemisi sit alanında ve Ağrı Dağı'nda arkeolojik kazı yapmaksa yasak. Bu nedenle efsanede geçen geminin gerçekten Telçeker Köyü'nde olup olmadığına dair yüzde 100 bilimsel bir kanıt yok.
BELGESELİ ÇEKİLDİ
Ancak belgeselci Cem Sertesen, efsaneyi tekrar gündeme geldi. Nuh'un Gemisi olduğu iddia edilen kalıntıyı 1995'te Ağrı'ya yaptığı ziyarette gören Sertesen, Nuh'un Gemisi ismiyle bir belgesel hazırladı. 27 Mayıs 2017'de bir TV kanalında yayınlanan belgesel, 9. TRT Ödülleri'nde finalist oldu. Sertesen, 22 yıl önce başlayan serüvenini şu sözlerle anlattı: "Gördüğümde çok etkilendim. Araştırmaya başladım. Burayı ilk keşfeden Yüzbaşı İlhan Durupınar'ı bulmam 10 yıl sürdü. Yaşananları sadece aile bireyleri biliyordu. İlhan Bey 23 Nisan 2017'de vefat etti. Ölmeden önce ondan bütün hikâyeyi dinleme şansını yakaladım."

"YILDA 25-30 BİN ZİYARETÇİ GELİYOR" HABERTÜRK olarak Nuh'un Gemisi'nin izine sürmek için Ağrı Doğubayazıt'a bağlı Telçeker Köyü'ne gittik. Köyün birkaç kilometre ötesinde Türkiye-İran sınırı var. Görkemli Ağrı Dağı'nın tam karşısındaki köyün virajlı yolları 'Nuh'un Gemisi Gözlemevi'ne çıkıyor. Gözlemevinde tanıştığımız turizmci Zafer Önay, "Buraya 25 yıldır turist gelir. Avrupa'nın bütün ülkelerinden Amerika'dan, Asya'dan gelenler yılda yaklaşık 25-30 bini bulur. Türkiye genelinde buraya turist getiren 5-6 tane acente var. 5 kişilik bir grubun 3 günlük tur için ödediği ücret bin ile 1500 TL arasında. Milli park olduğu için giriş ücretsiz" dedi.
"KANITLARI GÖRÜYORUM"
Bu yıl mart ayında Ağrı Kültür ve Turizm Müdür Yardımcısı ile 'Nuh'un Gemisi Asrın Keşfi' kitabını yazan Cem Sertesen, daha önce verdiği bir demeçte, "Nuh'un Gemisi'nin kalıntıları Ağrı'nın Doğubayazıt İlçesi'nde. Yeraltı radar görüntülerinde gemi gövdesinin görüldüğü bütün çıplaklığıyla kanıtlandı" ifadesini kullanmıştı. Bu konuda bir düzeltme yapan Sertesen, bize şunları söyledi: "Kesin burada diyemeyiz ama ben 'Buradadır' demeseydim, bu kadar ilgi çekmezdi. 'Belirlendi' diyecektim. Ağzımdan 'Kanıtlandı' çıktı. Bu raporlar 22 yıldır çantamda, ben kanıtları görüyorum. Ortada bir gerçek var, o da bilimsel raporlar. Tek amacım, çıplak gözle görülebilen, aynı zamanda ölçüleri kutsal kitaplarda verilmiş ölçülerle uyum sağlayan bu yerin keşif hikâyesini anlatmak."
ABD'Lİ JONES: 21 YILDIR ARAŞTIRIYORUM
Gemi şeklindeki izin tam ortasında bir grupla karşılaşıyoruz. 4 ziyaretçinin, ABD'nin California Eyaleti'nden gelen bağımsız bir araştırma grubu olduğunu öğreniyoruz. Grubun başında Andrew Jones var. 42 yaşındaki Jones, Nuh'un Gemisi'ne olan ilgisinin İncil'den kaynaklandığını söylüyor. 1997'de arkeoloji okurken Türkiye'ye gelmiş. İlk kez 21 yaşındayken gördüğü Nuh'un gemisinin izini hiç unutmamış. ABD ve dünyanın çeşitli yerlerinden aynı konuya ilgi duyan insanlarla tanışmış. Geminin Telçeker'de olduğuna inandığını söyleyen Jones, geminin Ağrı'da bulunduğu inancını şu sözlerle anlatıyor:

"21 yıl önce gördüklerim beni çok heyecanlandırmıştı. Yıllarca kitaplardan ve internetten okuduğum şeyi gözlerimle gördüm. Bence burada. Yapılan çalışmalar bunu kanıtlıyor. Ancak 'Kesin' demek için fazlasına ihtiyacımız var. Hâlâ araştırıyoruz."
"YERALTINDA GEMİ VAR"
2014 yılında Telçeker Köyü'nde yeraltı radar görüntülemelerini yapan Yeni Zelandalı araştırmacı John Larson'ın ekibinde olan Andrew Jones, araştırma süreçlerini ve bulgularını şöyle aktardı:

"1 yıl izin bekledik. Sonunda Larson'a kazı için olmasa da radar görüntüsü için izin çıktı. Biz de geldik. Nuh'un Gemisi olabilir de olmayabilir de. Ama İncil'in anlattığıyla tamamen eşleşiyor. Radar görüntülemeleri yerin altında 3 katlı bir yapı olduğunu gösteriyor. Taşlaşan yapının doğal bir oluşum olmadığından eminiz. Çünkü geminin ucu, yani kıç kısmı yukarı doğru bakıyor. Aşağı doğru inen bir yer şekli üzerinde biriken eğer çamur olsaydı tepe kısmında toplanması gerekirdi. Ancak şekil tam tersini gösteriyordu. Ayrıca yerin altındaki gemi yapısını andıran 3 katlı şekil var."
"İNSANLIĞIN ORTAK TARİHİ BURADA"
Bölgenin arkeolojik kazılara açılmasının önemini vurgulayan Jones'a göre insanlığın ortak tarihi burada yatıyor:

"Biz sonuç belgelerini Türk hükümetine ilettik. Kazı yapmak isteyebilecek üniversitelerle iletişime geçtik. Bakış açılarının olumlu olduğunu gördük. Ama Türkiye'de gündem her zaman çok doluydu. Profesyonel bir kazı çalışması yapılabilirse öyle ya da böyle buranın ne olduğunu anlayacağız. Araştırma sonucunda Türkiye topraklarının insanlığın başladığı yer olduğu ortaya çıkabilir. Hangi dinden ya da hangi ülkeden olduğunuz fark etmeksizin tüm insanlığın ortak tarihi burada yatıyor."

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Bilim dünyası, Nuh'un Gemisi'nin bulunduğuna inananlar ve inanmayanlar olarak ikiye ayrılır. Yankı uyandıran gelişme Çinli araştırmacıların 2010 yılında Ağrı Dağı'nın içinde yaptığını iddia ettiği çalışmalar olur ancak sonu gelmez. Son olarak belgeselci Cem Sertesen ile Ağrı Kültür ve Müdür Yardımcı

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BETÜL CAN ANATOLIAN HIGH SCHOOL TEAM
TEACHER: SİMRU PAMUK

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The olive tree is mentioned in all holy books, legends of creation and foundation. One of the legends in the Old Testament mentions Noah and the flood. When the flood stopped, Noah sends a white dove out of the window of the ship to see if the waters have withdrawn. The dove returns to the ship since the waters have not withdrawn. After seven days, Noah lets the dove free again. This time, the dove returns with a newly plucked olive leave. That's when Noah realizes that waters have withdrawn from the land. The dove that holds an olive leaf in its beak becomes a symbol of hope and peace from that day on. The olive tree, which resists the destructive power of the flood, becomes the symbol of immortality. The Hittites reflected in their prayers how important olive is for their country. In the heart of the olive is oil, they pray to mother goddess for her to keep the king, queen and princes and the people of Hatti in her heart and soul amicably.

Where Is The Homeland Of The Olive?
It is observed in the researches that the olive has an important place in the cultures of civilizations established in the Mediterranean. For example, olive and olive oil had an important place in the food culture of the ancient, Greek and Roman civilizations. Although there are different opinions about where the original homeland of the olive tree is, it is generally accepted that its homeland is South Asia Minor. This region is described as Southeast Anatolia, Eastern Mediterranean and Mardin, Hatay, Gaziantep and Kahramanmaraş districts within the borders of our country. It is believed that it spread to Greece, the Aegean Islands, and Spain via sea trade from Anatolia to the world later on. Today, 97% of this miracle fruit production takes place in the Mediterranean countries. Spain, Italy, Greece, Turkey, and Tunisia are the top five countries regarding the production of table olives and olives which are used for olive oil production.

How To Extract Oil From Olives?
Olive oil is a kind of oil obtained from olive fruits. 1500-2000 years after the earliest known date of its existence, olive oil was extracted and its use became widespread. The first method used to extract the oil from olives was to crush the olives with feet first and remove the oil with hot water. Nowadays, stainless steel cylinders are used for the extraction of olive oil. The olives are crushed till they become dough-like and then water is added slowly during the kneading process so that the oil cluster with the help of water. The dough is kneaded for a maximum of 20 to 40 minutes, the oil obtained must be stored at approximately 18 degrees in stainless steel tanks to avoid deterioration until the bottling process.

Areas Of Use And Health Benefits Of Olive Oil
The reason why olive has an important place in human history stems from the diversity of its field of use. In ancient times, olive and olive oil were used in oil lamps to lighten, to make medicine in medicine, to beautify in cosmetics, and also to be consumed frequently as a basic food product. Hippocrates, who is the founder of Greek medical science according to mythological sources, suggested that those who cannot bathe should rub their bodies with olive oil for cleansing and that the athletes should use olive oil for their muscles to shine, relax and soften. Just as Goddess Hera rubbed her body with olive oil to seduce God Zeus, it is also anecdotal in the myths that rich women and men apply olive oil after baths to soften their bodies.

In ancient civilizations established in Anatolia, it is seen that olive and olive oil are used in religious ceremonies, for protection from the evil eye, for the treatment of some diseases and lighting. In short, olive oil is a highly appreciated gastronomic value that has been a source of healing for human beings for thousands of years due to its nutritious properties and being an extremely valuable nutrient in terms of its protein, vitamin, and mineral richness.

In today's scientific studies conducted by experts, the benefits of olive and olive oil to human health have been re-proven by modern means. For example, it is remarkable that cardiovascular diseases are less common in Mediterranean countries where olive is consumed a lot. Due to its high nutritional value, it meets most of the daily nutritional needs. Olive oil consists of high amounts of fatty acids (oleic acid), phenolic compounds, vitamin E, vitamin K. It helps with aging healthily, staying shape and keeping the bad cholesterol under control.

Tips For Buying Olive Oil
Olive oil has multiple production methods. Its aroma, taste, and smell vary according to the region where it is grown and its production method. These oils are put on the shelves of the markets are labelled as natural, extra virgin, organic natural, Riviera, refined and stone print. When buying olive oil, you should determine what you need by considering the acidity level (the lower, the better), taste, production specifications and usage. Of these, the ones with the lowest acidity are natural extra virgin, stone print, and organic natural olive oils. Another hint is to keep the olive oil in dark glass bottles away from high temperatures and light to extend its shelf life and to preserve its vitamins.

The Must Of Turkish Tables: "Olive"
Olive, whose habitat is the Mediterranean basin, has a huge production area with commercial value along the arch that covers the whole northern and southern Aegean Region, the southern part of the Marmara coast, parts of Mediterranean coasts and even some parts of South eastern Anatolia. When the demand balance of the domestic market is taken into consideration, olive cultivation in our country covers almost fifty percent of all cities (41 out of 81 provinces produce olives in nearly 300 districts).

Besides its gastronomic value, the historical journey of olive, which has a mythological and cultural side, has turned olive into a sacred fruit in all cultures. According to the Mediterranean Culture, the ancient lands of civilizations, it also has a special meaning which involves holy values such as plentifulness, peace, mind, longevity, and maturity. The commercial production rate of olive by cities, which is the a of our tables and part of our culture is as follows: İzmir (13%), Manisa (12,5%), Balıkesir (12,5%), Aydın (12%), Muğla (10%), Çanakkale (%7) and Bursa (%5).
NOTES
Liquid Gold Olive Oil
It is accepted that the existence of the olive tree is as old as the history of mankind and it is said in the researches that "Olive is the first of all trees." The etymological origin of Olive, which belongs to the Oleaceae family, comes from the Greek word "elaia" or Latin word "olea" The trees, whose height varies between 2-10 meters have primarily green fruits, which turn to purple as they ripen. Olive trees have a long life span and usually live for 300-400 years, some genera are known to live for 2000 years.

Olive Tree
The fruit of the olive oil which has a ramulose form, is green at first, turns purple and then black during the ripening process. Olive trees, which are highly resistant to decay, yield abundant crops for one year in the routine period, while relatively fewer crops for the other year depending on geographical location and agricultural practices. Since it has a variable ripening rate, it is difficult to talk about an average harvest period.

A Mythos Symbol "Olive"
In Paganism, an ancient form of belief that dates back to nature religions, the olive fruit, which was presented to the gods on the altars, turns into a form that used olive oil as lighteners in Ancient Egypt and Greek religious rituals. It is rumoured that Achilles, one of the Trojan heroes of the Iliad, put olive oil into the mane of his horses. In Greek mythology, goddesses give birth to their children in the shadow of an olive tree. The birth of a boy is announced by hanging olive branches at the entrance of the house. In the Roman Empire, a commander who won the war was crowned with olive branches and this ritual was also applied to gladiators who defeated their opponents.

Olive Production In Turkey
Aegean Region, which meets 53% of the annual olive demand in Turkey, has turned the gastronomic value in a trade and is followed by Mediterranean Region (23%), Marmara Region (18 %) and Southeast Anatolia Region (6 %). Since the gastronomic content and acidic values of Aegean and Marmara olives are different from each other, their usage areas also varied. While 55% of the olives produced in the Aegean Region are used in olive oil production, it is known that olives grown in the Marmara Region are mostly used for table consumption.

Mediterranean and Olive Culture
Olive and olive oil is the symbol of Mediterranean history and civilizations. ll archaeological studies and mythological stories reveal that the regional culture is integrated with olives. Throughout history, it has been a subject of art, religions, myths, and legends while preserving its importance as a food and trade product. It is the epitome of health, cleanliness, beauty, and blessing.
*This article was published in the November-December issue of Marmara Life.

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OLIVE: SYMBOL OF CIVILISATION, ICON OF IMMORTALITY

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The olive tree is mentioned in all holy books, legends of creation and foundation. One of the legends in the Old Testament mentions Noah and the flood. When the flood stopped, Noah sends a white dove out of the window of the ship to see if the waters have withdrawn.