# data[].attributes.body
Si dovrebbe creare un gruppo di lavoro dedicato :)

# data[].attributes.body
Attenzione al termine "cittadino", che ha un chiaro connotato giuridico

# data[].attributes.body
Educare al metodo scientifico anche per promuovere la professione dello scienziato, del ricercatore

# data[].attributes.body
In una rete non bastano le connessioni, ci vogliono i nodi e questi nodi devono essere di luoghi reali.
Creare dei veri luoghi di aggregazione, dei centri reali sul territorio.

# data[].attributes.body
Da applicare ai progetti e alle risorse di CS (possiamo prendere spunto da quelli già elaborati da eu-citizen.science)

# data[].attributes.headline
Responsabilità civica dei risultati raccolti dalla CS

# data[].attributes.subject
Responsabilità civica dei risultati raccolti dalla CS

# data[].attributes.body
Come dialogare con le istituzioni che poi vengono ritenute responsabili di danni ambientali? Il problema è complesso e da discutere attentamente: molto spesso la responsabilità non è chiara, a volte è solo frutto di ignoranza a volte è abuso di potere. Riteniamo molto interessante la possibilità di un supporto legale per gli scienziati che poi si occupano dell'analisi dei dati.

# data[].attributes.headline
Progetto dal basso di scienza partecipata sul fiume Elsa

# data[].attributes.subject
Progetto dal basso di scienza partecipata sul fiume Elsa

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
SCIENZA ED ATTIVISMO PER SALVARE IL FIUME ELSA DAL "TUBONE"

# data[].attributes.headline
Link al repository dei progetti di CSI :)

# data[].attributes.subject
Link al repository dei progetti di CSI :)

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.museonaturalemaremma.it/csi/

Vuoi aggiungere il tuo progetto al nostro repository? Segnalacelo qui oppure scrivici sulla pagina Fb di CSI https://www.facebook.com/citizenscienceitalia

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Citizen Science Italia - Museo di Storia Naturale

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Negli ultimi anni anche in Italia si è sviluppato un crescente interesse per questo modo di fare scienza. Un gruppo di scienziati e sostenitori della citizen science, ha deciso di fondare una associazione nazionale. Il 17 Febbraio 2023 ha finalmente iniziato a muovere i primi passi Citizen Science Italia ETS, con sede presso il Museo di Storia Naturale della Maremma.

# data[].attributes.headline
La raccolta di dati distributivi e il monitoraggio di specie protette attraverso la Citizen Science

# data[].attributes.subject
La raccolta di dati distributivi e il monitoraggio di specie protette attraverso la Citizen Science

# data[].attributes.body
Fornire indicazione nella fase di costruzione della piattaforma (in tempi brevi-novembre) LifeWatch Italia
Piattaforma al servizio elle communità

# data[].attributes.body
https://zenodo.org/communities/museonaturalemaremma/?page=1&size=20

# data[].attributes.headline
Riconoscimento automatico quali sono le controindicazioni?

# data[].attributes.subject
Riconoscimento automatico quali sono le controindicazioni?

# data[].attributes.body
In questi giorni è spesso emerso come aspetto tecnologico problematico il riconoscimento automatico delle specie. Come effettivamente usufruire di queste tecnologie evitando che si perda l'azione educativa del riconoscimento attivo?

# data[].attributes.body
Massimo Scandura - scandura@uniss.it
Stefania Zanet - stefania.zanet@unito.it

# data[].attributes.body
Lascio qui una ipotesi di discussione per poter discutere sull'opportunità di identificare i biobliz come modalità di coinvolgimento della cittadinanza nei progetti di CS

# data[].attributes.body
https://mammalnet.com/

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Mammalnet​ Can we apply Citizen Science in monitoring wild mammals at European scale? How can we do it? THE PROJECT​ MammalNet is a partnership between different scientific and academic institutions in Europe and local science fans like yourself, working together on wildlife research, management, and conservation. We want to promote teamwork between researchers and everyday ... Read more

# data[].attributes.body
Sviluppo di programmi di formazione, sfruttando le potenzialità della rete e le buone pratiche dei progetti

# data[].attributes.headline
Il sito ufficiale del progetto SCHOOL OF ANTS 

# data[].attributes.subject
Il sito ufficiale del progetto SCHOOL OF ANTS 

# data[].attributes.body
Contatti
Cristina Castracani UNIPR
cristina.castracani@unipr.it

Fiorenza Spotti UNIPR
fiorenzaaugusta.spotti@unipr.it

Maria Vittoria Zucchelli MUSE
mariavittoria.zucchelli@muse.it

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
E' un progetto di ricerca scientifica in cui cerchiamo la collaborazione di volontari per raccogliere dati sulla presenza e distribuzione delle varie specie di formiche che vivono nelle nostre città. Il nostro è quindi un progetto di Citizen Science, ovvero di Scienza fatta dai Cittadini.

Le città sono ambienti costruiti dall'uomo in cui conviviamo anche con molte altre specie di animali e piante. Le città possono quindi essere considerate degli ecosistemi in cui l'uomo ha un forte impatto a vari livelli. Il nostro progetto ha come obiettivo lo studio delle formiche che vivono in città, in particolare nei cortili delle nostre case, delle nostre scuole o dei nostri luoghi di lavoro. Le formiche sono animali molto diffusi in vari ambienti: le possiamo incontrare facilmente nella vita di tutti i giorni. Nonostante ciò, c'è ancora molto da scoprire sulla loro diversità e distribuzione, soprattutto negli ecosistemi urbani. Raccogliere queste informazioni può servirci a capire come l'uomo possa influenzare la biodiversità urbana in relazione a fenomeni come i cambiamenti climatici o l'avanzata di specie invasive.

L'OBIETTIVO DIDATTICO

Il progetto ha una forte componente didattica e si propone come strumento per avvicinare gli interessati agli obiettivi ed ai metodi della ricerca scientifica attraverso una esperienza diretta su campo. I primi destinatari sono sicuramente i docenti e gli alunni delle scuole di ogni ordine e grado che potranno trovare nel progetto un utile strumento per l'insegnamento delle materie scientifiche. Tuttavia il progetto è aperto a qualsiasi tipo di volontario che sia appassionato di scienza, che voglia collaborare attivamente a un progetto di ricerca scientifica e che voglia essere ricercatore almeno per un giorno!

Perchè è importante partecipare?

Il progetto si basa sul coinvolgimento attivo dei volontari nella raccolta dei dati. Maggiore sarà il numero di persone che offrono il proprio contributo a questo progetto, sempre più grande sarà la quantità di dati che riusciremo a raccogliere. Il nostro obiettivo è quello di arrivare a censire il maggior numero di città italiane!

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
E' un progetto di ricerca scientifica in cui cerchiamo la collaborazione di volontari per raccogliere dati sulla presenza e distribuzione delle varie specie di formiche che vivono nelle nostre città. Il nostro è quindi un progetto di Citizen Science, ovvero di Scienza fatta dai Cittadini.

# data[].attributes.body
Per affrontare tematiche diverse e favorire l'interdisciplinarità :)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Mission

COESO aims to develop and sustain citizen science research in the social sciences and humanities. COESO's mission is to enable strong growth of citizen science projects in the social sciences and humanities and to support participatory research through a service-first approach. The COESO project is an endeavour to bridge collaboration between the European social sciences and humanities community, the citizen science community, as well as the open scholarly communication community.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
COESO aims to develop and sustain citizen science research in the social sciences and humanities. COESO's mission is to enable strong growth of citizen science projects in the social sciences and humanities and to support participatory research through a service-first approach.

# data[].attributes.headline
Brochure CLIC! Chiocciole Lumache In Città

# data[].attributes.subject
Brochure CLIC! Chiocciole Lumache In Città

# data[].attributes.body
Spero possa essere uno strumento utile per tutti gli aspiranti malacologi!

# data[].attributes.body
Quali sono i modelli internazionali da utilizzare come esempio per strutturare un modello italiano?
Possiamo avvantaggiarci di esperienze  che hanno già prodotto soluzioni a problematiche che stiamo o dovremo affrontare

# data[].attributes.body
https://sites.google.com/view/camminandosulletraccedelmare/home

# data[].attributes.headline
Un 'sindacato' per i cittadinx sentinella

# data[].attributes.subject
Un 'sindacato' per i cittadinx sentinella

# data[].attributes.body
Il progetto SensJus promuove il riconoscimento a livello giuridico o almeno politico di forme di citizen science più ‘reattive’ che faticano a ottenere finanziamenti e visibilità (verso un sindacato dex cittadinx sentinella?)

# data[].attributes.headline
Visualizzare e narrare il monitoraggio civico

# data[].attributes.subject
Visualizzare e narrare il monitoraggio civico

# data[].attributes.body
Il progetto SensJus propone la ricerca di nuove forme comunicative che avvicinino un pubblico più ampio al monitoraggio civico, e.g. disegni e story-telling, sull'onda del fumetto che abbiamo realizzato (disponibile in tre lingue) https://sensingforjustice.webnode.it/l/storia-di-una-cittadina-sentinella/

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
L’istituzione di cliniche legali presso università o musei o biblioteche per supporto socio-legale a iniziative di citizen science meno strutturate

# data[].attributes.headline
Proposte per supportate forme di citizen science più ‘reattive’ che faticano a ottenere finanziamenti e visibilità 

# data[].attributes.subject
Proposte per supportate forme di citizen science più ‘reattive’ che faticano a ottenere finanziamenti e visibilità 

# data[].attributes.body
La pagina del progetto Sensing for Justice  che mira a ricercare il potenziale del monitoraggio civico come fonte di prova nei processi per dani ambientali
https://sensingforjustice.webnode.it/

# data[].attributes.body
Nella pratica quali strumenti e servizi sono disponibili per coinvolgere i cittadini ancor prima che il progetto inizi, nelle fasi di pianificazione e scrittura del progetto.

# data[].attributes.headline
Piattaforme informatiche per la raccolta dati

# data[].attributes.subject
Piattaforme informatiche per la raccolta dati

# data[].attributes.body
iNaturalist o o no iNaturalist questo è il problema

# data[].attributes.headline
Quale è il ruolo della Associazione CSI?

# data[].attributes.subject
Quale è il ruolo della Associazione CSI?

# data[].attributes.body
Inizio qui ad elencare, pensando che possa stimolare una discussione rispetto al ruolo che deve avere CSI:
- fornire una cassa di risonanza a progetti di CS
- aumentare il coinvolgimento in attività di CS

# data[].attributes.body
Faccio qui emergere un aspetto che credo debba essere discusso: il coinvolgimento nelle attività di CS. Infatti, come emerso durante le presentazioni, sia il coinvolgimento dei cittadini sia la percezione della CS nel mondo della ricerca siano ancora un lontano obiettivo da raggiungere. Quindi come CSI può scardinare questo trend?

# data[].attributes.attachment_caption
Alla ricerca della cittadinanza scientifica - 11/11/2021,  09:30-13:00

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.title
Alla ricerca della cittadinanza scientifica - 11/11/2021,  09:30-13:00

# data[].attributes.headline
progetto sulla qualità della terra Open Soil Atlas

# data[].attributes.subject
progetto sulla qualità della terra Open Soil Atlas

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
This pilot will create an open-source co-learning centre for the local community of Berlin. It will consist of a website presenting guidelines in a textual and infographic form to educate the public and raise awareness about soil quality and fertility and the correlation between healthy soil and healthy communities. The online material will be combined with a series of free workshops, where citizens will be taught how to make observations, test the soil, interpret results and draw conclusions. We will upload soil quality data and GPS locations to a digital entry form. Citizens' observations will generate a high-resolution soil quality map.

Our findings will furthermore provide policymakers and urban ecology initiatives with indicators as to which areas are best suited for agricultural purposes and which require remediation activities.

The entire research and data collection process will then be replicated and expanded worldwide, in order to engage different communities and spread the analysis to new and different sites all over the world. The project builds on the Feld Food Forest project and is promoted by its community.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
This pilot will create an open-source co-learning centre for the local community of Berlin. It will consist of a website presenting guidelines in a textual and infographic form to educate the public and raise awareness about soil quality and fertility and the correlation between healthy soil and healthy communities.

# data[].attributes.headline
progetto su qualità dell'acqua che coinvolge pescatori potenzilamente interessante, promosso da Ocean Alive in portogallo 

# data[].attributes.subject
progetto su qualità dell'acqua che coinvolge pescatori potenzilamente interessante, promosso da Ocean Alive in portogallo 

# data[].attributes.body
https://www.ocean-alive.org

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
"Water sentinels" is a community project that empowers people from coastal communities to play a role as citizen scientists for water quality. This project is rooted in a wider aim: the conservation and restoration of seagrass meadows in the Sado Estuary area (Portugal).

The pilot engages 20 citizens from the fishing community to detect pollution events (historical and current) that may have been failing to be detected with the current water monitoring networks. Through dedicated training, participants will collect data on water quality in the Sado estuary. These data will be available to the public through the OceanAlive website and the COASTNET geoportal. Two scientific partners are involved in this pilot: Centre for Energy and Research (CINEA, Polytechnic Institute of Setúbal) and MARE Marine and Environmental Research Centre (University of Lisbon).

Together with historical information obtained from questionnaires, "Water sentinels" will provide valuable information to researchers, managers and decision-makers.

The project will also engage relevant stakeholders in a water quality workshop. A community guide for water quality assessment, a layman's report and a video will be produced as tools to enhance engagement and participation of other community members on water quality assessment.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
"Water sentinels" is a community project that empowers people from coastal communities to play a role as citizen scientists for water quality. This project is rooted in a wider aim: the conservation and restoration of seagrass meadows in the Sado Estuary area (Portugal).

# data[].attributes.headline
Dobbiamo comunicare la complessità: non dobbiamo avere paura di usare approcci complessi, anche "fricchettoni" XD

# data[].attributes.subject
Dobbiamo comunicare la complessità: non dobbiamo avere paura di usare approcci complessi, anche "fricchettoni" XD

# data[].attributes.body
Buongiorno. Sto seguendo in remoto. Chiedo scusa, nel caso stia utilizzando impropriamente lo strumento.
Come ARPA Lombardia saremmo interessati ad avere un contatto con Laura Criscuolo, che ha appena presentato. Grazie

# data[].attributes.body
Vorrei portare esplicitamente ip tema dell'apertura (licenze standard open) e dei principi FAIR per i dati derivati da progetti di Citizen Science. I vantaggi sono ovviamente molteplici (al netto delle varie considerazioni sulla privacy) e credo sarebbe un criterio di valore positivo da ricercare e stimolare sia a livello europeo sia italiano. C'è uniformità ed è un obiettivo condiviso? Quali potrebbero essere le iniziative da attivare per raggiungerlo?

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
DESCRIPTION

Hush City is a free, citizen science mobile app, which empowers people to identify and assess quiet areas in cities as to create an open access, web-based map of quiet areas, with the potential of orientating plans and policies for healthier living, in response to issues framed by European environmental policies (e.g. the EC END 49/2002).

Our cities are becoming noisier by the hour. Only in Europe, over 125 million people are affected by noise pollution from traffic every year (EEA 2014), and apparently, quietness is becoming a luxury available only to a few of us. By using this free mobile app, you will contribute to making quietness available to all those who appreciate it and you will generate open data, which can be exploited by policy makers and planners to monitor and protect the quiet areas crowdsourced.

Hush City app will help you to identify, access and evaluate everyday quiet areas in your neighbourhoods. You can find places such as small, quiet spots where you can go to escape the city's chaos, relax, read a book, play with your kids, and have a pleasant conversation.

Launched in 2017 within the context of a pilot study in Berlin, Hush City is now used internationally and available in 5 languages: English, German, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese.

Hush City is adopted by the City Councils of Berlin (2018) and Limerick (2020-2021) for the creation of the Quiet Areas Plans.
Join the Hush City community. It is simple!

Download the free Hush City app and install it on your smartphone

Go to one of your favourite quiet places

Launch the Hush City app and click on the button "Map the quietness around you"

Record the sound of the quiet place where you are and measure its sound levels*

Take a picture of the place where you recorded the sound

Answer the questions addressing the environmental quality of this quiet place

Share this information with the Hush City community.

Or, use the app to find a quiet spot near to you. Go to it and enjoy spending some time there.

* Please be aware that noise levels measured by the mobile app, may not be entirely accurate, depending on which smartphones are used, weather conditions and other factors.

SEE WHAT HUSH CITY CAN DO!

Watch the Hush City Teaser here. This video was made by Limerick City & County Council, with the support of the EPA.

DOWNLOAD HUSH CITY

Hush City app is available on iTunes & Google Play Stores.

MAIN FEATURES OF THE HUSH CITY APP

Using the Hush City app, you can:

Crowdsource your favourite quiet areas and share them with the Hush City community;

Identify and access quiet areas in your city or in other cities worldwide, shared by the Hush City users;

Filter the quiet areas according to their sound levels, descriptors used to tag them, quietness, visual quality and accessibility, as perceived by the users who crowdsourced the quiet areas;

Share the quiet areas via social media;

Review your personal surveys and delete them anytime without justification;

Become a Hush City Ambassador;

Give feedback on the Hush City project.

HUSH CITY MAP

The quiet areas crowdsourced with the Hush City app are open access and available on line via the Hush City Map.

IMPACT

Hush City is included in the EC Joint Research Centre Technical Report (Ponti & Craglia 2020) among the European citizen-generated data projects impacting public policy; and in the European Commission staff working document (2020). Best Practices in Citizen Science for Environmental Monitoring.

As a citizen science analytical tool, Hush City is featured in the WHO/UN-Habitat Sourcebook (Grant et al. 2020) Integrating health in urban and territorial planning.

Hush City is adopted by the City Councils of Berlin (2018) and Limerick (2020-2021) within the context of creation of the Quiet Areas Plans. See also: Berlin Senate (2020). Lärmaktionsplan Berlin 2019-2023. Senatsverwaltung für Umwelt, Verkehr und Klimaschutz Öffentlichkeitsarbeit, Berlin.

Full list of Press Coverage is available here.

AWARDS

2021 John Connell Soundscape Award

2019 Prix BLOXHUB Interactive, Category: Excellence, Honorary mention. Theme: "Making Urban Space More Liveable Using Digital Technology".

2016 Falling Walls Young Innovator of the Year Award, Finalist.

YEAR

April 2017, 1st version; May 2018, 2nd version

CREDITS & ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Hush City has been invented by Dr. Arch. Antonella Radicchi.
The Hush City's idea originates from the concept of the Hush Expo app envisioned by Dr. Arch. Antonella Radicchi for the EXPO Milan in 2015, whose mock-up was designed by Dr. Arch. Antonella Radicchi in collaboration with Roberto Lombardo.
Hush City has subsequently been developed and implemented by Dr. Arch. Antonella Radicchi at the Technical University of Berlin, in her role as the Principal Investigator of the following projects:

"Beyond the Noise: Open Source Soundscapes" (2016-2018) funded by the IPODI-Marie Curie Fellowship - People Program (TU Berlin/IPODI grant agreement no. 600209)

"Hush City Mobile Lab" (2018-2020) funded by the HEAD-Genuit Foundation [research grant P-17/08-W].

Project Supervisors: Prof. Dr. Dietrich Henckel (Technical University of Berlin), Diol. Ing. Jörg Kaptain (Berlin Senate, Senate Department for the Environment, Transport and Climate Protection).
Soundscape Advisor: Prof. Dr. Brigitte Schulte-Fortkamp (Technical University of Berlin).
Acoustic Advisors: Dipl. Ing. Michael Jäcker-Cüppers (ALD, Technical University of Berlin), M.A. Manuel Frost (Berlin Senate, Senate Department for the Environment, Transport and Climate Protection), Dipl. Ing. Mattia Cobianchi (Bowers & Wilkins, UK).
The implementation of the Portuguese language in the mobile and web-based version of the app was funded by the Brazilian Association for Acoustical Quality - ProAcustica.

# data[].attributes.headline
Convegno europeo CS.promosso dai progetti ACTION e EU.Citizen-science.

# data[].attributes.subject
Convegno europeo CS.promosso dai progetti ACTION e EU.Citizen-science.

# data[].attributes.body
Per vederel'agenda e registrarsi: https://hopin.com/events/the-future-of-citizen-science-sharing-experiences-from-the-european-community

# data[].attributes.body
Portiamoci avanti col lavoro e inseriamo le nostre presentazioni così da farcene una idea da prima e poter intervenire in modo più efficace sull'argomento

# data[].attributes.headline
Come riuscire a raggiungere cittadini di diversa estrazione sociale?

# data[].attributes.subject
Come riuscire a raggiungere cittadini di diversa estrazione sociale?

# data[].attributes.headline
ACTION toolkit con case studies e strumenti per i vari step di un progetto di CS

# data[].attributes.subject
ACTION toolkit con case studies e strumenti per i vari step di un progetto di CS

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Following the participatory science lifecycle, the toolkit offers guidance and resources for a wide range of citizen science elements:

online and offline activities conducted in the planning and execution of CS projects, both by project organisers and citizen scientists;

various and evolving goals and scopes of CS projects, which develop over the course of a project, and shift with new insights;

different stages of project development, from early ideas to initiatives that have resulted in scientific publications and other forms of impacts.

We hope it will help citizen scientists plan, create, improve, and maximize the impact of their projects.

The toolkit cannot and does not want to be exhaustive. It is based on the collective experience and expertise in the ACTION accelerator, as well as the wider citizen science community. It includes tools and resources developed by ACTION, as well as others that we have found useful in practice. We will keep adding to it for the lifetime of the ACTION project, and beyond.

Who is the toolkit for?

The toolkit is meant for pollution-focused citizen science projects of all kinds, and everyone who wishes to apply citizen science methods. While some of the aspects we discuss in it may be less relevant for non-pollution focused projects, such projects may still benefit from the insights and tools provided. The toolkit is written for citizen volunteers, local communities interested in starting a citizen science project, researchers wishing to engage with citizens in their work, public authorities interacting with citizens or working on policies where citizen science insights are relevant.

Different types of projects will need different types of resources to enable them. For this toolkit, we will distinguish five types of citizen science projects, broadly following the typology by Wiggins & Crowston (2011):

Action projects: These projects support local activism with environmental and/or policy goals. They are often formed bottom-up and conducted locally. They may be hard to scale to larger areas or participant numbers, but rarely need to scale at all; they may be replicated in other localities instead. For example, ACTION pilot WOWNature plants trees and sensors to assess how these improve the local air quality.

Conservation projects: These projects support the long-term management of natural resources, and may have an additional educational purpose. They are often run by public institutions, with data used to make or support policy decisions. They are place-bound, but the region they cover can be very large. For example, ACTION pilot De Vlinderstichting counts butterflies and dragonflies in the whole of the Netherlands, to monitor populations and inform environmental and other policy decisions.

Investigation projects: These projects support scientific research, and often include a strong educational purpose. They are often run across a wide geographical spread with large numbers of volunteers, supported by technology. For example, ACTION pilot Street Spectra collects data on street lighting that participants can collect and submit using their mobile phone. The data is made available in a public database, and will allow scientists to study the effects of LED streetlights on light pollution.

Education projects: These projects' primary goal is to educate, and provide formal or informal learning while engaging in research tasks. They do often but not exclusively address young audiences. For example, ACTION pilot Students, air pollution and DIY sensing works with students who run their own research projects using air quality sensors, educating them about scientific methods and air pollution.

Virtual projects: These are large-scale projects that function totally independent of physicality; they may share characteristics and goals with any of the other categories. Participants engage on online platforms, where task and platform design are selected to maintain interest and engagement., e.g. through gamification. For example, ACTION pilot Restart data workbench ​uses an online platform to analyse data collected by their repair workshops, to draw conclusions about their environmental impact.

While many different frameworks for citizen science exist (Schrögel & Kolleck, 2019), distinguishing projects by how they engage citizens, or how they are organised, we felt that a structure based on the goals and practical activities the projects conduct is most suitable to ACTIONs goal of inclusivity in CS. However, as no typology can be a perfect fit for all possible types of projects, we will deviate from the structure and add to it where necessary. We will use this typology to structure the toolkit, and help readers position themselves in the context of the tools and case studies we discuss. We will come back to the categories as we guide you through the participatory life cycle, and point out which types of resources may be more or less useful for different types of projects.

Users of the toolkit should consider which of the aspects they share with these categories, and note that this may be multiple. Case studies provided throughout the toolkit will be more or less relevant based on these characteristics. The ACTION pilots can broadly be categorised like this:

How to use the toolkit?

The toolkit follows the participatory science lifecycle. The lifecycle helps to orient your project through four stages: problem framing, research implementation, impact and sustainability, and policy impact, which each include a number of steps that projects can take. The framework aims to provide guidance on what a CS project could do, and a potential order of things; it helps to break down the steps, and provides a structure that is broadly applicable to all participatory science endeavours. Both the stages and the individual steps will look different for each project, and the persons and groups involved in each of the phases may differ.

While the layout of the lifecycle may suggest a neat sequence, in practice projects will find that there are feedback loops and iterations, and that some steps will have to be taken multiple times, while others can be skipped altogether. Looking at the lifecycle as a tool in its own right will help projects understand what they will have to do and consider in the future, thus supporting their awareness and planning in earlier stages. For example, considering routes to impact and sustainability while framing the problem will help projects achieve their goals and plan for success.

The objective of the first stage, problem framing, is to define and gather background information on the problem at hand, as well as engage relevant stakeholders. This will be most relevant for local communities, citizen scientists or others looking to start a citizen science project, such as civil servants or scientists looking for ways to engage citizens. In this phase, the whole project lifecycle should be considered, to set appropriate goals for the project, such as what impact it aims to achieve, how it is going to be maintained and financed, etc. At the end of this phase, projects should have a clear plan for the research that will be carried out.

In the second stage, research implementation, the citizen science project is implemented. This encompasses three phases:

During the design phase, projects create their research question, define their methodology, and select or develop appropriate data gathering instruments. For example, Citicomplastic decided about the types of composters they would test to try and compost bioplastics.

In the data phase, projects acquire, curate, process, analyse and interpret their data. For example, ACTION pilot Noise Maps placed audio sensors in different parts of Barcelona, and refined the locations after finding that they had to be installed at ground floor level to yield usable data.

In the results phase, projects summarise, publish and disseminate their findings for different stakeholder groups, and assess their impact on both the issues they are trying to address, and society, including their own participants. For example, several ACTION pilots presented their findings at Ars Electronica in September 2020.

Citizen engagement, while often focused in the research implementation phase, should ideally happen throughout the phases of the lifecycle.

In the third stage, impact and sustainability, projects find and use routes for policy agenda setting, and achieve sustainability of their community and data, as well as finances.

In the last stage, policy impact, projects use their work to help formulate policies, influence decision-making, and the implementation of policies.

The toolkit offers an introductory overview and guidance, a selection of tools, guidelines and recommendations, activities and case studies for each phase, to help CS projects understand and replicate best practice.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Following the participatory science lifecycle, the toolkit offers guidance and resources for a wide range of citizen science elements: online and offline activities conducted in the planning and execution of CS projects, both by project organisers and citizen scientists; various and evolving goals and scopes of CS projects, which develop over the course of a project, and shift with new insights; different stages of project development, from early ideas to initiatives that have resulted in scientific publications and other forms of impacts.

# data[].attributes.headline
Eu.citizen-science repository di progetti e risorse per la fomazione (MOOC)

# data[].attributes.subject
Eu.citizen-science repository di progetti e risorse per la fomazione (MOOC)

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.readable_text
Citizen science is any activity that involves the public in scientific research and thus has the potential to bring together science, policy makers, and society as a whole in an impactful way. Through citizen science, all people can participate in many stages of the scientific process, from the design of the research question, to data collection and volunteer mapping, data interpretation and analysis, and to publication and dissemination of results. Citizen science is also an approach of scientific work that may be used as a part of a broader scientific activity.

# data[].attributes.attachment_link.description
Citizen Science in Europe, projects, resources, events

# data[].attributes.headline
Verso l'associazione nazionale CS italia: idee, proposte, dubbi, esperienze da mettere a fattor comune

# data[].attributes.subject
Verso l'associazione nazionale CS italia: idee, proposte, dubbi, esperienze da mettere a fattor comune

# data[].attributes.headline
Spunti, suggerimenti, link utili: condividiamo qui quello che può essere utile a relatori e partecipanti

# data[].attributes.subject
Spunti, suggerimenti, link utili: condividiamo qui quello che può essere utile a relatori e partecipanti

# data[].attributes.headline
Domande e temi da affrontare durante l'incontro

# data[].attributes.subject
Domande e temi da affrontare durante l'incontro