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When: The Byzantine Empire was established by Roman empire Constantine I in 330 AD, falling 1,000 years after the abolishment of the Roman Empire in 1453; which involved the Ottoman army storming the capital city of Constantinople under the reign of Constantine XI. Where: The Byzantine Empire was located on the European side of the Bosporus strait that links the Black Sea to the Mediterranean. Summary: The Bosporus strait in which the Byzantine empire is located served as a mass trading hub between Europe and Asia, defined as “New Rome'' by the emperor Constantine I. The Eastern Roman empire of Byzantine would primarily consist of Greek-speaking Christians, a region heavily protected by eastern emperors who exerted their political control over general economic functions and the activities of the armed forces. Without strong leadership and strategic placement away from European land debates, the empire of Byzantine would have been unable to flourish and prosper as a scholarly center for information and goods. 

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When: The Byzantine Empire was established by Roman empire Constantine I in 330 AD, falling 1,000 years after the abolishment of the Roman Empire in 1453; which involved the Ottoman army storming the capital city of Constantinople under the reign of Constantine XI. Where: The Byzantine Empire was located on the European side of the Bosporus strait that links the Black Sea to the Mediterranean. Summary: The Bosporus strait in which the Byzantine empire is located served as a mass trading hub between Europe and Asia, defined as “New Rome'' by the emperor Constantine I. The Eastern Roman empire of Byzantine would primarily consist of Greek-speaking Christians, a region heavily protected by eastern emperors who exerted their political control over general economic functions and the activities of the armed forces. Without strong leadership and strategic placement away from European land debates, the empire of Byzantine would have been unable to flourish and prosper as a scholarly center for information and goods. 

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Bethany Cherry

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When: Crusade expeditions occurred between 1096 t0 1291. Where: The Crusades primarily transpired in the Eastern Mediterranean. Summary: During the 11th century, two-thirds of Christian holy lands had been captured by Islamic forces, including the nations of Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and Anatolia. The primary objective of religious military orders of Western Europe (Knights Templar) at the time of the crusades was to reclaim holy lands (Eastern Mediterranean) that had been captured during Muslim territory conflicts and check the expansion of Islam. Christian motivated knights involved in the Crusades viewed their endeavors as personal redeeming factors, ones that would revoke any sin and provide them with a sure place in heaven, potentially converting pagans in the process.

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When: Crusade expeditions occurred between 1096 t0 1291. Where: The Crusades primarily transpired in the Eastern Mediterranean. Summary: During the 11th century, two-thirds of Christian holy lands had been captured by Islamic forces, including the nations of Syria, Palestine, Egypt, and Anatolia. The primary objective of religious military orders of Western Europe (Knights Templar) at the time of the crusades was to reclaim holy lands (Eastern Mediterranean) that had been captured during Muslim territory conflicts and check the expansion of Islam. Christian motivated knights involved in the Crusades viewed their endeavors as personal redeeming factors, ones that would revoke any sin and provide them with a sure place in heaven, potentially converting pagans in the process.

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Bethany Cherry

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Ottoman Empire.          When: 1500.                  Where: middle east. Summary: This empire was created by the turkish tribes. Was alive for 600 years. Replaced by this turkish republic.   

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Ottoman Empire.          When: 1500.                  Where: middle east. Summary: This empire was created by the turkish tribes. Was alive for 600 years. Replaced by this turkish republic.   

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-bailey needham

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When: 1492

Where: It was an exchange so it was in multiple places including the Americas, Europe, and Africa.

Summary: The Colombian Exchange named after Christopher Colombus was an exchange between Europe, Africa, and the Americas of goods. They exchanged plants, animals, culture, technology, disease, and ideas. Colombian Exchange was also apart of the trading of humans and is when slavery began to become a thing.

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When: 500 CE - 1500 CE

Where: Western Europe after the fall of the roman empire

Summary:  The dark and middle ages were a period in time where the lack of any leadership caused an abundance of warfare and a lack of technological advancements and records.

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When: roughly around 1550 to 1800.

Where: Europe

Summary:

When Europe was ruled by monarchs that are all-powerful. Basically, this refers to the age where European countries were ruled by kings who controlled the government. There is no specific event that defines this age.

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When: 1368 CE- 1644 CE

Where: China

Summary: The Ming Dynasty was the last imperial dynasty of china. The Dynasty was especially known for its trade expansion, The relations with other empires at the time, and the literature and porcelain that came from this culture.

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When: 1600-1868

Where: All of Japan

Summary: Japanese Shogunates or Edo Shogunate was the feudal military government of Japan during the Edo period (1600-1868). The Shogunate was established by Tokugawa Leyasu after the battle of Sekigahara marking the end of the civil wars of the Sengoku period. Leyasu became the Shogun and ruled from Edo Castle in Edo or modern day Tokyo.

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When: 1715-1789

Where: Europe

Summary: Enlightenment was an intellectual movement that was influenced by philosophers like John Locke, Charles Montesquieu, and Jean-Jacques Rousseau. The goal of the philosophers was to share their ideas on how to embrace individualism over tradition.

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1800

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When: 1543, late 1800’s

Where: Europe

Summary: The Scientific revolution was the series of events that led to advancement in all scientific fields. The beginning is marked by the release of  Nicolaus Copernicus’ book “On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres” but the revolution took off in the late 1800’s century.

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The European colonization of Africa begins. 

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The European colonization of Africa begins. 

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When: 1880-1975
Where: Africa
Summary: England, France, Germany and other European countries began to invade the much weaker African nations. This colonization lasted until 1914 when decolonization began but many of the colonies were not released until the late 1970s.

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When: 1789 - 1799

Where: Paris, France

Summary: The French Revolution was a period of upheaval that sought to completely change and redefine the nature of political power. This led to the FIrst French Republic and the execution of Louis XVI.

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When: 1850-1970

Where: primarily in the United Kingdom, Germany and the United States, but also in France, the Low Countries, Italy and Japan.

Summary: The second industrial revolution was a period when advances in steel production electricity  and petroleum caused a series of innovations that changed society. With the production of cost effective steel, railroads were expanded and more industrial machines were built.

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When:1868-1912

Where: Japan

Summary : the Meiji Restoration was a coup d'état that resulted in the dissolution of Japan's feudal system of government and the restoration of the imperial system. They wanted to unite the country under a new centralized government in order to strengthen their army to defend against foreign influence

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When: July, 28, 1914 - Nov. 11, 1918
Where: Europe, Middle East, Asia, Pacific Ocean
Summary: It started because of an assassination Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria, with times changing and new technology being introduced, 16 million people were left dead at the end.

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When: 1929-1933

Where: Mostly the United States and Europe and a little bit in Japan and Latin America.

Summary: The Great Depression was the worst economic downturn in the history of the industrialized world, lasting from 1929 to 1939. ... By 1933, when the Great Depression reached its lowest point, some 15 million Americans were unemployed and nearly half the country's banks had failed.

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When: 1939 - 1945

Where: The Whole World

Summary: After Germany had Invaded Poland, Great Britain and France Declared war on Germany which eventually led to more countries jumping in. This caused more death and destruction in any previous war around the world. It ended with Germany and Japan surrendering in 1945.

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When: 1948-early 1990's
Where: South/Southwest Africa
Summary: This was a system of institutionalized racial segregation. It is characterized by an authoritarian political culture based on white supremacy. It made sure that South Africa was dominated by the nation’s minority white population

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When: 1945-1950

Where: China

Summary: The revolution was led by Mao Zedong and the Communist Party of China. It led to a civil war against the Chinese Nationalist Party. Mao’s party won and the People’s Republic of China was proclaimed.

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when- 1949

where- eastern Europe

summary - the definition of an arms race is when two or more countries increase the size and quality of military resources. It is said that the cold war was the largest and most expensive in world history.

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When: Nov. 1, 1955 - Apr. 30, 1975
Where: Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia
Summary:  It was a fight over communism in Vietnam, north was commy supported by china, and south was anti supported by Americans and others.

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when - 1953-1959

where - Cuba

summary - started because of the assault on the moncada barracks

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When: 1990-1991

Where: Kuwait, Iraq, saudi-arabia

Summary: Iraq invaded Kuwait for the country's oil. The UN ordered iraq to retreat, and imposed a trade ban with iraq. There was a potential threat to saudi arabia, the united states’s best oil provider. Egypt and several other Arab nations teamed together to protect saudi arabia.

The UN athorized movement against Iraq, with the US having over 500,000 troops involved. This resulted with many casualties for Iraq

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When: Berlin Wall demolition completed in 1991 End of USSR: 12/26/1991
Where: The Berlin wall divided Germany into east and west. The USSR consisted of Russia and 14 other surrounding countries
Summary: The Berlin wall was put in place to divide Germany. When the wall came down it paved the way for German reunification. A failed coup attempt in 1991 sealed the fate of the USSR and caused it to end

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When: 1990-1991

Where: Kuwait, Iraq, saudi-arabia

Summary: Iraq invaded Kuwait for the contries oil.. The UN ordered iraq to retreat, and imposed a trade ban with iraq. There was a potential threat to saudi arabia, the united states’s best oil provider. Egypt and several other srab nations teamed together to protect saudi arabia.

The UN athorized movement against IRAQ, with the US having over 500,000 troops involved. 

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Another wave of settlements began into what today is northern Israel.