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"though they dance for their food," implies that the ballroom dancers dance for money so that they can buy food. Although that is their reason for dancing, another reason is also implied- The metaphor "move as if it is only them and the drums, talking." portrays the dancers as dancing passionately, being lost in the music. They embrace their African heritage, as drums are a tribal instrument. Thus, they are not only dancing for money, but they are enjoying the dance as it allows them to express themselves.

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"The feather in your hat from an ostrich" is a visual imagery. And "the swagger in your hat" is also a visual imagery to show that the person dances and walks confidently. And, "from the ochre dust of a West African village" is a metaphor that portrays the dancer as an African descent. The word "dust" implies that the dancer came from nothing - from being poor to being rich. So, these lines show how the African-American tap-dancer earned a lot of money from dancing.

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the 19th line, “on the face of a boy too young to understand” tells us that the boy spoken about shows signs of innocence and naive-ness. How he is not extremely sure of his surroundings or what is going on. The 20th line, “why he hated but only that he must” shows that the boy is confused on to hate or to not thought he feels that he is obligated to hate. How the boy’s feelings isn’t self-derived instead imposed upon him to follow, almost like its an obligation and the only right thing to do.

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Lines 1-2: Brandon, Christopher, Natasha 

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Lines 1-2: Brandon, Christopher, Natasha 

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'For the screwfaced in good shoes that paper
the walls of dance halls. I have little patience.'

In the first sentence, Chingonyi references the famous dancers whose photos are hung in dance halls. Chingonyi describes them as "screwfaced", implying that the pictures on the wall are that of aggression and anger.

Chingonyi suggests that the dancers displayed on the wall are only good because of their "good shoes." He expresses that he has "no patience" for those people, as he believes that dance should be a way of relieving one's burdens.

Furthermore, Chingonyi uses dance as a representation of one's life. Throughout the poem, he references different struggles that colored men go through and explains that one should dance to express those hardships. The "screwfaced in good shoes" represents the more fortunate, as they dance through life, not with freedom and expression, but with aggression and anger.

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"the swagger in your step" It shows that the person walks with confidence.

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The phase “throw yourself into the thick, emeging pure” suggests to us to completely immerse in the experience, where the dancer becomes lost in movement. The word “thick” could imply on the intensity of the dance, or even the struggles of life itself. Yet, through dance, a person can be “emerging pure” as in becoming free and leaving behind burdens.

“You folded flesh and bone, nerve and sinew” emphasizes on the effort required. By listening parts of the body, he tells us that the dance is deeper than external movements, portraying the dance as something that requires physical strength and emotional feelings. The mention of the word ‘sinew’ (meaning: the tendon that connects muscles to the bone) is used to suggest strength and resilience, being determined.

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"to the delight of a crowd that wasn't lynching"

Lynching: Public killing of an individual who has not received any due process.

This phrase symbolizes that white people have more authority than black people at this time. In this phrase it says "that wasn't lynching" This means that during this day the white people didn't feel like lynching them, but instead to mock them. In this case the person they Bill "Bojanges", they did not want to kill him since they found a source of enertainment in watching little kids tap dance. This shows that they can ruin the lives of these black people with a touch of a finger.

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In my opinion, this line is about an old person who is reminiscing about when they were younger. This is shown in these lines through the word "imagine" and the phrase "your zoot-suited Twenties self" because it tells us about an old person looking back at their memories and imagining they were young again. This is backed up by the line "your folded arms understand the music" because it shows us, not someone who doesn't want to dance, but someone who is too old to do so even though they really "understand" the music. These lines also hold cultural significance because of the phrases "zoot-suited" and "Savoy Ballroom".

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“dance for sammy, dead and penniless,” refers to how they honor sammy davis jr, who is an american jazz singer and dancer known for his revolutionary music. “dead and penniless” refers to when sammy davis was in $15 million debt when he passed away.

“and for the thousands still scraping a buck as street-corner hoofers” refers to the many people who are struggling financially to make minimum wage. the term “street-corner hoofers” refers to people who are working in unskilled jobs or labor-intensive.

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"tapping a living out of Richmond beer gardens"

In our opinion, "tapping a living" symbolizes the young Bill "Bojangles," who does tap dance to earn a large sum of money to last a lifetime. Richmond is the capital city of the Commonwealth of Virginia, and many gardens are located in this area. Meanwhile, beer gardens are areas where food and beer are grown. This shows that he often performs here to earn money.

"today but laughing at the quickness of the kid."

In my opinion, "today" means that the "lynching" has not been done yet, but it can happen anytime. Although they didn't do so, they laughed and made fun of him, and found it amusing that he was very fast. This shows that Bojangles was talented in tap dancing.

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"I say dance, not to be seen but free, your feet are made for better things." The literal meaning of this line is that the speaker is telling you to dance not for others to see you dance, but for your own freedom and self-expression because doing it for others is a waste. The next line says, "Feel the bitterness in you lift as it did for a six-year-old Bojangles," This shows how when you dance for yourself, not for the enjoyment of others, you feel happy, as the speaker compares this to how Bojangles felt when he started dancing. This shows themes of self-expression and freedom. Figuratively, the speaker uses metaphor in the lines "I say dance, not to be seen but free" and wants to see dance, not only as dance but as a form of artistic expression and self-expression through movement. The next line, "Feel the bitterness in you lift as it did for a six-year-old Bojangles." Bojangles' parents died when he was around 6 or 7 years old, and this line is using that fact to show how Bojangles uses dance as a way to grieve and forget about his hardships, showing how you should dance for your happiness.

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Group 3 (Ziva, Ruan Jingyao, Achi, George) 

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Group 3 (Ziva, Ruan Jingyao, Achi, George) 

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"Dance for the times you've been stalked by store detectives for a lady on a bus, for the look of disgust"

Kayo Chingonyi is attempting to show the harmful stereotype now and in the past of the black community. A "store detective", is a person whose sole job is to detect and prevent shoplifting, an action that was usually attributed to the black community in the past. The quote "Dance for the times" show that Chingonyi is telling us to rejoice as this stereotype is now decreased in society and the black community is starting to be appreciated more despite the fact that racism is still prevalent in some areas.