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The Marco Polo Bridge Incident marked the beginning of Japan's full-scale invasion of China, effectively starting the Second Sino-Japanese War. This conflict would later merge into World War II in the Pacific Theater.

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September 1, 1939: Nazi Germany Invades Poland

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September 1, 1939: Nazi Germany Invades Poland

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Hitler's Germany launches a surprise invasion of Poland, marking the official beginning of World War II in Europe. Britain and France declare war on Germany two days later, honoring their alliance with Poland.

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German forces launch their blitzkrieg through Western Europe, defeating France in just six weeks. The Nazi occupation of France begins, while British forces evacuate at Dunkirk.

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The first major military campaign fought entirely by air forces, as Nazi Germany's Luftwaffe attempts to gain air superiority over the British Royal Air Force. Britain's successful defense prevented a German invasion.

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Hitler's planned invasion of the Soviet Union. Germany breaks the Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact. German military equipment could not stand up to the Russian winter, and the Germans were twice forced to retreat, despite early victories. This military campaign, though a failure for the Germans, served as a major turning point in World War II, because it caused the Soviet Union to enter the war on the side of the Allies.

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Japan launches a surprise attack on the U.S. naval base at Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, destroying or damaging 18 ships and killing over 2,400 Americans. The next day, the United States declares war on Japan.

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A decisive naval battle in the Pacific Theater where the U.S. Navy defeats the Imperial Japanese Navy, destroying four aircraft carriers and shifting the balance of power in the Pacific.

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February 2, 1943: German Surrender at Stalingrad

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February 2, 1943: German Surrender at Stalingrad

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After months of brutal fighting and severe winter conditions, German forces surrender at Stalingrad, marking a major turning point in the war on the Eastern Front. Over 2 million casualties occurred during the battle.

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Allied forces launch the largest amphibious invasion in history on the beaches of Normandy, France. Operation Overlord begins the liberation of Western Europe from Nazi control.

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Nazi Germany signs an unconditional surrender at Reims, France, marking the end of World War II in Europe (V-E Day). Hitler had committed suicide in his Berlin bunker on April 30.

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The United States drops atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, leading to Japan's surrender. These remain the only uses of nuclear weapons in warfare.

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Japan formally surrenders aboard the USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay, officially ending World War II. The surrender documents were signed by representatives from Japan and Allied powers.