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HIV is a retrovirus that weakens the immune system by destroying CD4+ T cells.

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HIV can be passed from mother to child during pregnancy, birth, or breastfeeding, though ART can reduce this risk to below 1%.

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Early symptoms of HIV include fever, rash, swollen lymph nodes, sore throat, fatigue, and muscle aches, often mistaken for the flu.

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HIV Progression – CD4 Decline & Viral Load

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If untreated, HIV progresses to AIDS, where the immune system is too weak to fight off infections and certain cancers like Kaposi's sarcoma.

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HIV can be prevented through condom use, regular testing, taking PrEP, using clean needles, and receiving proper education.

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Antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses the virus and prevents transmission. Though there is no cure, ART allows people with HIV to live full lives.