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Abraham Lincoln is elected president of the United States

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South Carolina secedes from the Union.

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There was 1 killed and 1 wounded during the battle of Fort Sumter.

The Confederates won the battle of Fort Sumter. This battle was important because it became the site for beginning of the Civil War. Another example of the importance of this battle is it killed Private Daniel Hough.

Heidler, David S., and Jeanne T. Heidler. "Battle of Fort Sumter." American History, ABC-CLIO, 2025, americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1300626. Accessed 29 Jan. 2025.

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Altogether, nearly 900 men had been killed and over 2,700 wounded

Confederates won the First battle of Bull Run. This battle was important because it would persuade the North to abandon the effort to restore the Union. Also, it made President Lincoln clear that he would continue to fight in the second battle of Bull Run.

Heidler, David S. and Jeanne T. Heidler. "First Battle of Bull Run." American History, ABC-CLIO, 2025, americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/276438. Accessed 28 Jan. 2025.

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Jefferson Davis becomes President of the Confederate States of America

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Jefferson Davis becomes president of the confederate states of america

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There was about 23,000 casualties in the battle of Shiloh.

The Unions won this battle. This battle was important because it was considered to be the biggest battle of U.S history at the time. Also, this battle was important because the Confederates lost their commander, Johnson, and it opened the way to the splitting of the Confederacy along the Mississippi.

Heidler, David S. and Jeanne T. Heidler. "Battle of Shiloh." American History, ABC-CLIO, 2025, americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/276435. Accessed 29 Jan. 2025.

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The Union Army had 16,054 casualties and the Confederates had 9,197 casualties.

Confederates won this battle which followed the Union's defeat during the First Battle of Bull Run the year before. This battle was important because it resulted in heavy casualties before Union commander withdrew his division. Also, the battle continued well after dark lasting 2 days.

Heidler, David S. and Jeanne T. Heidler. "Second Battle of Bull Run." American History, ABC-CLIO, 2025, americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/290157. Accessed 29 Jan. 2025.

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Losses more than 50%.

The Union Troops won the battle. The importance of this battle is it was considered the bloodiest battle of the entire Civil War. Also, it had a blow on the Confederates Moral.

"Battle of Antietam." American History, ABC-CLIO, 2025, americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/253190. Accessed 28 Jan. 2025.

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Lee's army suffered 28,000 casualties, while Meade's army suffered 22,807 casualties.

The Unions won the battle of Gettysburg. The importance of this battle is it was considered to be the turning point of the Civil War. Also, Meade's army defeated Confederate General Lee's army, which ended Lee's plans to infiltrate the North.

Heidler, David S. and Jeanne T. Heidler. "Battle of Gettysburg." American History, ABC-CLIO, 2025, americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/252843. Accessed 29 Jan. 2025.

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The Unions had 7,000 casualties, while the Confederates suffered a 1,500 casualties.

The Confederates won the battle of Cold Harbor. This battle was important because it was the principal element of the Overland Campaign. Also, the toll was staggering and sobered the most battle - hardened veterans.

Loosbrock, Richard D. "Battle of Cold Harbor." American History, ABC-CLIO, 2025, americanhistory.abc-clio.com/Search/Display/1878798. Accessed 29 Jan. 2025.

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Robert E. Lee surrenders to Union General Ulysses S. Grant

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Robert E. Lee surrenders to Union General Ulysses S. Grant 