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Definition of Specific Learning Disability (SLD)

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Definition of Specific Learning Disability (SLD)

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"a disorder in one or more zof the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, that may manifest itself in the imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or to do mathematical calculations." - IDEA 2004

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the primary result of visual, hearing or motor disability, intellectual disability, emotional disturbance, cultural factors, economic disadvantage and limited English proficiency.

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Severe discrepancy is present between a child’s actual levels of achievements and their potential for achievement in one or more of the following areas:

Oral expression

Listening comprehension

Written expression

Basic reading skills

Reading comprehension

Mathematics calculation

Mathematic reasoning

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Students are not responding to all 3 tiers of the Response to Intervention (RTI) model, and will be eligible for special education services. In this process, ruling out that student's learning struggles is due to lack of inadequate instruction.

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- Concrete-Representational Abstract strategy

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https://iris.peabody.vanderbilt.edu/module/rti01/#content
Introduce cons of IQ-achievement discrepancy model and pros of RTI

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This module outlines the differences between the IQ-achievement discrepancy model and the response-to-intervention (RTI) approach. It also offers a brief overview of each tier in the RTI model and explains its benefits (est. completion time: 1 hour).
This module was developed in collaboration with the Tennessee State Improvement Grant and the Tennessee Department of Education.
Work through the sections of this module in the order presented in the STAR graphic above.

Related to this module

Copyright 2022 Vanderbilt University. All rights reserved.

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This module outlines the differences between the IQ-achievement discrepancy model and the response-to-intervention (RTI) approach. It also offers a brief overview of each tier in the RTI model and explains its benefits (est. completion time: 1 hour). This module was developed in collaboration with the Tennessee State Improvement Grant and the Tennessee Department of Education.

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Schema-Based strategy
- F: find problem
-O: Organize using a visual diagram or equation
-P: Plan to solve the problem
-S: solve the problem
CUBE method

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Unique Learning System
Software designed to help students with    learning disabilities gain access to general education curriculum and assignments.
Specifically designed for the special education classroom
It has levelled content for all learners on alternate standards.
https://www.n2y.com/unique-learning-system/

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First 5 California: offers resources to meet the needs of your family and community
https://www.first5california.com/en-us/
*Seeking mental health support for yourself
*Early Headstart - for children at risks

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Assistive Technology

Assist the students in reading and writing
-Free Text to Speech
A software installed on your computer to read out aloud everything on your monitor and highlights text.

Read&Write is useful for students with learning difficulties, those students who have English as an Additional Languages or those with a mild visual impairment.

Prizmo - A phone application that lets you take a picture of what you want to read and reads it loud for you.
Proloquo application-  communication app for people who cannot speak
Braille,  Gotalk 9or 20, clicker and cloze pro

https://ldaamerica.org/category/assistive-technology-at/?audience=Educators

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With all the free & cheap assistive technology available for reading and writing these days, you can provide your own accommodations at home - without any formal evaluation - and sometimes at work, depending on the accommodation needed. Here are a couple of ideas you might want to look into:

Natural Readers software is a free text-to-speech software program you can download on your computer. With this program installed on your computer, your computer will read out loud everything on your monitor after you highlight the text. This includes internet sites, email, and word processing documents. Actually, it can read anything you see written on your computer.

Prizmo is an app for your phone that lets you take a picture of what you want to read and then it reads it out loud to you. This works great for books, magazines, menus, or whatever else you need to read that's not on a computer. You can check it out at about It costs $9.99 at the App Store. You can even create files that have multiple pages if you take multiple pictures.

For other ideas about assistive technology that may be helpful, click here and check out Georgia Tech's TOOLS FOR LIFE APP FINDER.

Just click on the picture that looks like the one here, and it will give you information about free & cheap apps.

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With all the free & cheap assistive technology available for reading and writing these days, you can provide your own accommodations at home - without any formal evaluation - and sometimes at work, depending on the accommodation needed.

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Free support a variety of mathematical ideas, including fractions, algebra, geometry, and patterns. 

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Free support a variety of mathematical ideas, including fractions, algebra, geometry, and patterns. 

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1) The Math Learning Center Apps: https://www.mathlearningcenter.org/apps
2) National Council of Teachers of Mathematics Illuminations
https://illuminations.nctm.org/?gclid=CjwKCAjwpqCZBhAbEiwAa7pXecYoYC39u0JnEtF3jNGHW6coW0fqswVK6ZtCuceYfPKOCtW0deeOGxoCpHkQAvD_BwE

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Parents Helping Parents (PHP): supports, educates and inspires families to build a bright future for youth and adults with disabilities
https://www.php.com/
*Contact: by phone/email
*Language: English, Spanish, Vietnamese
*E-Learning: videos (range from a few minutes to an hour), provide information on special needs topics
Ex: Dyslexia - what it is and how to support your child