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Relationship of Arsenic and Lead in Soil with Fruit and Leaves ofApple Trees at Selected Orchards in Michigan

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Relationship of Arsenic and Lead in Soil with Fruit and Leaves ofApple Trees at Selected Orchards in Michigan

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"Results of this
research indicate that lead and total arsenic concentrations in apples and apple products from these selected orchards in Michigan are unlikely to be impacted by the contamination of these metals in orchard soil.
HIGHLIGHTS
Lead concentration was higher in topsoil than subsoil in orchard soil tested in Michigan.
Lead concentration in topsoil was positively correlated with apple leaves but not apples or juice.
Arsenic showed less potential than Pb for uptake and translocation to apples in orchards."

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A Grassroots Guide to Healing Toxic & Damaged Landscapes

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Case studies and evidence-based approaches to addressing urban soil lead contamination

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Case studies and evidence-based approaches to addressing urban soil lead contamination

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"This paper reviews the literature regarding the effectiveness of soil Pb remediation for reducing Pb exposure and BLL in children, and suggests best practices for addressing the
epidemics of low-level Pb poisoning occurring in many inner city areas."

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The Og-woi People’s Orchard and Garden project Expert Advisory Board (AB).

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The Og-woi People’s Orchard and Garden project Expert Advisory Board (AB).

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The AB provides experienced and educated guidance, instruction and support for the volunteer fueled effort to safely and sensibly remediate the contamination of the project area.
The AB consists of:
● Dr. Sally L. Brown - a Research Associate Professor at University of Washington, Soil Amendments,In situ Remediation,Carbon Sequestration.
● Dr. Christy Clay - a Professor of Biology/Ecology at Westminster College Utah, ecologist, soil and agroecology scientist, urban farmer, climate advocate.
● Dr. Leah Joyner - Assistant Professor at California State University, Sacramento. Her research focuses on community engagement, food sovereignty, sustainable agriculture, environmental justice, and the political economy of food apartheid.

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Not just for research and data nerds! Seriously, there is good evidence here to substantiate gardening in contaminated soil.

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Not just for research and data nerds! Seriously, there is good evidence here to substantiate gardening in contaminated soil.

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Lead in Urban Soils: A Real or Perceived Concern for Urban Agriculture?

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Lead in Urban Soils: A Real or Perceived Concern for Urban Agriculture?

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"It is highly unlikely that urban agriculture will increase incidences of elevated blood Pb for children in urban areas. This is due to the high likelihood that agriculture will improve soils in urban areas, resulting in reduced
bioavailability of soil Pb and reduced fugitive dust. Plant uptake of Pb is also typically very low. The exceptions are low-growing leafy crops where soil-splash particle contamination is more likely and expanded hypocotyl root vegetables (e.g., carrot). ....Best management practices to assure minimal potential for exposure are also common practices in urban gardens."

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"Lead naturally occurs in soil at low levels. Hundreds of years of human activities have contributed to increased levels
of lead in soil, especially in and around urban areas and near older homes. Lead does not breakdown over time, so
lead deposited in the past can still be a problem today."

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"This fact sheet provides communities and individuals with general
urban gardening information about:
• Common contaminants that can be found in urban soil.
• Ways to identify contaminants and reduce exposure.
• Improving soils and growing plants in mildly contaminated soil.
• Additional resources and technical assistance."