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Ancient Civilizations BC-1200 A.D. (Kris Nguyen)

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Ancient Civilizations BC-1200 A.D. (Kris Nguyen)

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1.  How much air pollution was there?  Where did it come from?

Ancient Civilizations had a moderate amount of air pollution compared to today’s time with machinery and factory work. Many cases demonstrated human’s heavy reliance on wood for structure and stability through buildings and monuments. Unfortunately, it conflicted with the environment as there weren’t any trees to manage the carbon dioxide humans were producing. However, their efforts were not comparable to modern time today’s times with the lack of technology that demanded an abundance of natural resources.

2. How much water pollution was there?  Where did it come from?

Ancient Civilization did not have much impact on water pollution. Water had significant importance in terms of agriculture, and the scarcity of clean water led to ancient civilizations adapting sustainably to maintain clean water. Henceforth, there were not many instances of water pollution other than using it for private matters, creating water-borne diseases within the streams.

3. How did humans get most of the energy they needed to survive?

Humans adapted their environment to get the most energy they needed to survive in prehistoric times through agriculture and cheese-mongering. They learned how to take advantage of land and water to grow crops, leading to the technology of irrigation that allowed them to control amounts of water to grow plants and crops. However, the use of agriculture became abundant which led to a crisis, demanding the need for goats and sheep to maintain their crops, which eventually led to their invention of cheese by having their milk spoiled until they became cheese.

4. Was conservation being practiced anywhere in the world?  How?

The practice of conservation was used around the world during ancient times with legal protection of the natural resources the environment provided. Mesopotamia passed one of the legalizations to protect the remaining forest, and it was some of the first to enact such a law, becoming evident that this practice was used around the world. It allowed the resources to be maintained rather than being depleted and gave the reassurance to grow and flourish.

5. Why was lead poisoning a problem?

Lead presents itself as a chemical element that is found to be lethal to humans with its ability to disrupt a person’s internal organ system. However, lead was heavily used in ancient times as pigment for its high absorption and durability. Unfortunately, lead became prevalent in everyday life in Crete, as every appliance, furniture, etc contained lead, constantly being exposed to its lethal substance, causing a population decrease with its causation of diseases.

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1.  How much water pollution was there?

The Middle Ages faced a grueling event with the bubonic plague, known as the Black Death. It was a contagious infection that led many to die from such diseases from traveling rodents that possessed such infected fleas. Unfortunately, it meant the water population took a toll with this spreading infection, as the water was not safe to consume with being contaminated with waste from living beings and harmful bacteria. Fortunately, the Renaissance took a great turn in minimizing water pollution by adding regulations regarding littering and creating a system that differentiates waste from clean form, meaning water pollution took a great turn in having less pollution than before.

2. How much wood was being harvested?  What effects was this having?

Both the Middle Ages and the Renaissance harvested too much wood to the point where they took what they granted, slowly substituting the need for wood for coal instead. They heavily depended on wood for agriculture, industrialization, etc led to extreme deforestation that forced people to substitute the amount of wood they needed, hence they started to use coal.

3. In what ways was a disease affecting the world?

Diseases had an extreme impact on the environment with the Black Death, a bubonic plague that left many to die from contagious infection. It left the civilization in shambles with its sanitary, sick-ridden medieval towns, having animal waste, garbage, and lack of hygiene everywhere. The lack of sanitization in the Middle Ages severely impacted the environment because of how prone it was to be contaminated with such harmful bacteria, people’s towns were plagued with diseases and germs due to how nobody kept themselves clean.

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The roaring 1920's-1930's (Ari Matthews)

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The roaring 1920's-1930's (Ari Matthews)

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1.  What was the purpose of the National Coast Anti-Pollution League? The purpose of it was to stop oil dumping

2. What type of gasoline was used for the first autos? the first was leaded gasoline

3. What was the chemurgy movement fighting for?  the chemurgy movement was fighting for industrial use for renewable agricultural resources

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WWII & PostWar 1940's-1950's (Ari Matthews)

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WWII & PostWar 1940's-1950's (Ari Matthews)

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1. What lead people to believe there was a air pollution crisis? thousands of people were sick from the smoke from the steel and zinc when they were all trapped in a 4 day inversion and there were doctors that would go from every house to give people adrenaline and oxygen which made people think there was a crisis

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1.  What was the “burning river?” The burning river was the Cuyahoga in ohio.

2. What is the name of Rachel Carson’s book that started modern environmentalism? The book was called “ the sense of wonder “

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1. What government agency is founded? The Lake Michigan Federation was founded

2. How was air pollution reduced? EPA announced that all gasoline stations are required to carry nonleaded gasoline.

3. How was water pollution reduced? The federal water pollution control act was created.

4. What two new sources of pollution begin causing concern? Two pollutants of the greatest concern are fine particulate and ozone.

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1.  What causes did people begin to take up to improve the world?

People at the time started to advocate for democracy, individual liberty, the sc scientific revolution, and freedom of expression.

2. What did Thomas Malthus predict?

Thomas Malthus predicted that as the population would increase faster than the food supply. He argued that this would lead to overall famine and poverty.

3. Give examples of new pollution affecting the world.

Due to the world worrying about social progress, the foundation for scientific revolution was made.

4.  Why did sanitation become so important?

Sanitation became so important because it was obviously starting to affect health, urban living conditions, scientific understanding of disease, economic stability, and environmental protection.

5. How was the air pollution at this time?

With coal burning and overall urbanization, air pollution turned into a growing problem.

6. How was the water pollution at this time?

Like air pollution, water pollution seemed to become a problem with the growth of urbanization.

7. What happened when the “Mother of the Forest” was cut down?

When the “Mother of the Forest” was cut down, it started an example of the conservative vs commercial agenda.

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Progressive Era

1.  What types of reforms were occurring?

New reforms concerning food safety, politics, economics, environmental, social, female dominated, and education reforms were happening. These reforms were a result of rapids urbanization in America.

2. What did Theodore Roosevelt fight for?

Theodore Roosesevelt successfully fought for forest and water conservation and reclamation. He later on proved to be successful by creating the first National Bird reservoir, the FDA, and holding a conference on the conservation policy.

3. What new organizations were formed?

New organizations that formed during the progressive era consisting of the NAACP and The Sierra club were found. These organizations were notable because the NAACP is still very relevant to this day. It was founded for the purpose of fighting discrimination and racism in America. The Sierra club was founded by John Muir who was dedicated to protecting and preserving the natural environment. This organization is what led to having national parks and preserved nature areas.

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1. What major disasters occurred during this time?

There was a volcanic eruption in Mount St Helens. Another one is the Manjil-Rudbar Earthquake.

2. What two major issues involving the Earth’s atmosphere arise?

Two major issues are burning fossil fuels and farming live stock and cutting down of trees.

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1. How did the Gulf War create pollution?

There were oil wells lit on fire that produced dense clouds of soot and liquid, gases and aerosols.

2. What does China construct that causes much controversy?

They cause contrversy because of how they handle pollution.

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1.  What final act did President Clinton sign into law?

He signed the antiterrorism and effective death penalty act.

2. How does the Bush presidency handle global warming and climate change?

He planned to emphasize oil exploration and new construction of coal and power plants. He also went on tour for his stand on the Kyoto global warming treaty.

1. How does the world react to leaded gasoline?

They ban it as a public health hazard.