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Iran-Persia: Mohammad Rezā Shāh Pahlavi, Shah of Iran, Shah of Persia (اOctober 1919 – 27 July 1980). Photograph. Britannica ImageQuest, Encyclopædia Britannica, Jun 02 2022. quest.eb.com/images/325_4383342. Accessed 21 Aug 2024.

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To understand the contents of this presentation theres a couple of things that need to be defined

Shah - Another word of king or ruler historically used by Iran.

Coup- A coup is a sudden violent and unlawful seizure of a government.

Exile- To exile someone is the act of banishing or removing them from the country either forcefully or peacefully.

Fundamentalism- Fundamentalism is a form of religion that strictly follows literal interpretation of scripture. This especially applies to religions like Islam.

Ayatollah- This is a religious leader in Iran.

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When and how Mohammed Reza Pahlavi come to power? What was the US's role in him becoming Shah?

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When and how Mohammed Reza Pahlavi come to power? What was the US's role in him becoming Shah?

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In 1941 the Soviet Union and Great Britain, fearing that the shah would cooperate with Nazi Germany to rid himself of their tutelage, occupied Iran and forced Reza Shah into exile. Mohammad Reza then replaced his father on the throne (September 16, 1941).

The U.S. supported Mohammad Reza Pahlavi in becoming Shah of Iran and backed his rule through military and economic aid, including orchestrating the 1953 coup that removed Prime Minister Mossadegh, to ensure Iran remained a key ally during the Cold War.

“Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, inc., 23 July 2024, www.britannica.com/biography/Mohammad-Reza-Shah-Pahlavi#/media/1/387594/72029. Accessed 22 Aug. 2024.

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Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi (born October 26, 1919, Tehrān, Iran-died July 27, 1980, Cairo, Egypt) was the shah of Iran from 1941 to 1979, who maintained a pro-Western foreign policy and fostered economic development in Iran.

Mohammad Reza was the eldest son of Reza Shah Pahlavi, an army officer who became the ruler of Iran and founder of the Pahlavi dynasty in 1925. Mohammad Reza was educated in Switzerland and returned to Iran in 1935. In 1941 the Soviet Union and Great Britain, fearing that the shah would cooperate with Nazi Germany to rid himself of their tutelage, occupied Iran and forced Reza Shah into exile. Mohammad Reza then replaced his father on the throne (September 16, 1941).

Policies

In the early 1950s a struggle for control of the Iranian government developed between the shah and Mohammad Mosaddegh, a zealous Iranian nationalist. In March 1951 Mosaddegh secured passage of a bill in the Majles (parliament) to nationalize the vast British petroleum interests in Iran. Mosaddegh's power grew rapidly, and by the end of April Mohammad Reza had been forced to appoint Mosaddegh premier. A two-year period of tension and conflict followed. In August 1953 the shah tried and failed to dismiss Mosaddegh and, after riots broke out, fled the country. Several days later, however, Mosaddegh's opponents, with the covert support and assistance of the United States and the United Kingdom, restored Mohammad Reza to power.

Under Mohammad Reza, the nationalization of the oil industry was nominally maintained, although in 1954 Iran entered into an agreement to split revenues with a newly formed international consortium that was responsible for managing production. With U.S. assistance, Mohammad Reza then proceeded to carry out a national development program, called the White Revolution, that included construction of an expanded road, rail, and air network, a number of dam and irrigation projects, the eradication of diseases such as malaria, the encouragement and support of industrial growth, and land reform. He also established a literacy corps and a health corps for the large but isolated rural population. In the 1960s and '70s the shah sought to develop a more independent foreign policy and established working relationships with the Soviet Union and eastern European nations.

Overthrow and exile

The White Revolution solidified domestic support for the shah, but he faced continuing political criticism from those who felt that the reforms did not move far or fast enough and religious criticism from those who believed Westernization to be antithetical to Islam. Opposition to the shah himself was based upon his autocratic rule, corruption in his government, the unequal distribution of oil wealth, forced Westernization, and the activities of SAVAK (the secret police) in suppressing dissent and opposition to his rule. These negative aspects of the shah's rule became markedly accentuated after Iran began to reap greater revenues from its petroleum exports beginning in 1973.

Widespread dissatisfaction among the lower classes, Shiʿi clergy, bazaar merchants, and students led in 1978 to the growth of support for Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini, a Shiʿi religious leader living in exile in Paris. Rioting and turmoil in Iran's major cities brought down four successive governments as the Iranian Revolution gained momentum. On January 16, 1979, the shah left the country, and Khomeini assumed control. Although the shah did not abdicate, a referendum resulted in the declaration on April 1, 1979, of an Islamic republic in Iran. The shah traveled to Egypt, Morocco, The Bahamas, and Mexico before entering the United States on October 22, 1979, for medical treatment of lymphatic cancer. Two weeks later Iranian militants seized the U.S. embassy in Tehrān and took hostage more than 50 Americans, demanding the extradition of the shah in return for the hostages' release ( see Iran hostage crisis). Extradition was refused, but the shah later left for Panama and then Cairo, where he was granted asylum by Pres. Anwar Sadat.

The shah had two marriages that ended in divorce when they failed to produce a male heir to the throne. In October 1960 a third wife, Farah Diba, gave birth to the crown prince, Reza.
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Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi | Biography, History, & White Revolution

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Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, shah of Iran (1941-79). A power struggle between him and Mohammad Mosaddegh led to the latter's ouster in 1953, with help from the United States and the United Kingdom. The shah's White Revolution fostered development but harmed many Iranians. He was ousted in the 1979 Iranian Revolution.

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Shah Of Iran. VERTICAL. Britannica ImageQuest, Encyclopædia Britannica, 25 May 2016. quest.eb.com/images/115_862224. Accessed 22 Aug 2024.

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What kind of government did the shah lead?

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What kind of government did the shah lead?

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The Government that the shah lead was designed to be more western promoting freedom and capitalism. During this reign of the shah freedom and capitalism was abundant and thus its benefits. Women were allowed to vote, there was religious freedom. Although there was these benefits there was also some downsides. Some of these downsides included people questioning his rule, and him not being able to share power very well leading to more of a monarchy then a democracy.

Iran Chamber Society. “Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi.” Historic Personalities of Iran: Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, www.iranchamber.com/history/mohammad_rezashah/mohammad_rezashah.php. Accessed 22 Aug. 2024.

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“U.S. Relations with Iran, 1953–2023.” Council on Foreign Relations, Council on Foreign Relations, www.cfr.org/timeline/us-relations-iran-1953-2023. Accessed 22 Aug. 2024.

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The Shah lost power due to consistent uprisings in 1978 -1979.

Islamic fundamentalist had an important role by calling an overthrow of the Shah.

An Islamic Public took over after he lost power.

Historic Personalities of Iran: Mohammad Reza Shah Pahlavi, www.iranchamber.com/history/mohammad_rezashah/mohammad_rezashah.php. Accessed 22 Aug. 2024.

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“Iran Hostage Crisis: Facts & Related Content.” Encyclopedia Britannica, Encyclopedia Britannica, inc., www.britannica.com/facts/Iran-hostage-crisis. Accessed 22 Aug. 2024. 

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What relation did his exile have to do with the Iranian hostage crisis?

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What relation did his exile have to do with the Iranian hostage crisis?

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Mohammad Reza Pahlavi was shah at the time, and a group of hardline Islamic fundamentalist rioted, and they took over 52 American hostages for 444 days because at the time the U.S were hated from the Islamic people of Iran who thought that the U.S represented the ''Great Satan.'' Mohammad exile correlates with the Iranian Hostage Crisis because Mohammad was friends with the United States. Mohammad decided to flee the country before they could try to assassinate him and went to the Egypt because the Islamic fundamentalist was taking over.
Ruhollah Khomeini after elected claimed he was exiled from Iran. Mohammad then looked for aid in his exile and found help in Egypt. He then suddenly passed in 1980.

‘’Iran hostage crisis, United States history.’’ Encyclopedia Britannica,

Encyclopedia Britannica, inc., 22 May 2023

Iran hostage crisis | Definition, Summary, Causes, Significance, & Facts | Britannica