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Buzkashi is Afghanistan's traditional sports game. This game is usually played in the Nowruz. The first day of the Spring is called Nowruz. At Nowruz, people came together to watch and play this game.

Play method: there is no limit for players like other sports. This sport is played individually. There are no group works everyone plays on their own, and there will be only one winner.

There will be a goat in the field the payers have to grab the goat and finish the race. Players can steal the goat during the race from other players. Who ever finish the race with the goat will be the winner.

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Health to me means having a healthy diet, exercising, and caring for my body and mind.  Anything that makes me sick, I avoid it and try my best to have a healthy lifestyle. I also believe that Health is more about emotional and mental well being.

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Social Determinants that refugees have in Australia.

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Social Determinants that refugees have in Australia.

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Refugees in Australia are not fully utilising. This could have an overall negative status impact on individual health. According to the Australian Health database database, refugees in Australia have less participation in community activity than other people.

The second health determinant I would like to consider is income. Refugees and migrants who recently moved to Australia are struggling financially. When I moved to Australia with my family, I faced many struggles. Here are some examples that make Income a social determinant for refugees in Australia. When refugees come to Australia, they need to pay rent, and bills and buy new stuff for homes like furniture and many more. Many refugees have low incomes because being new in Australia is challenging.

Thirdly, refugees are challenging to find a job. Some refugees and migrants have good positions or qualifications in their previous country. Some of the refugee's qualifications are not recognised in Australia.

(Taylor & Lamaro, 2018)

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Bamyan is a province in the centre of Afghanistan. The Bamyan is one of the oldest cities in Afghanistan. In terms of culture and history, Bamyan is rich. The Buddha in the picture is called Shammama. Shammama is one of the most giant Buddha statues in Afghanistan. Every year thousand of tourists come to Bamyan to see Shammama.

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Naan is the most famous and popular bread in Afghanistan. The ingredient of this delicious bread is flour, yeast, and warm water. People in Afghanistan have a particular type of oven. The oven is made of mud and uses wood to bake naan. Afghan people use naan for all time; they eat naan for breakfast, lunch and dinner. Naan roughly cost around 20 Afghani (0.40C).

Method:
Prepare all the equipment and the staff, like flour, yeast, warm water and mixer. If you do not have a mixer, you can use your hand to mix it.

Mix the flour with warm water and add yeast; wait 4 hours until the dough is ready, then start weighing every dough because they needs to be the same weight (suggested 400 grams).

Please make sure the oven is at the right temperature. Once everything is ready, you can put the naan dough in the oven.

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A principal health issue that refugees face. 

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A principal health issue that refugees face. 

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Country focus: Pakistan
Pakistan is the 5th populated country, with 231.4 million people. Pakistan is one of the countries that host refugees. Pakistan currently has 1.7 million refugees, most of whom are from Afghanistan. I chose Pakistan because I grew up in Pakistan as a refugee and will share some health issues the Afghan people are facing in Pakistan. Pakistan is a developing country. Pakistan cannot currently support refugees. Refugees in Pakistan do not have access to healthcare facilities. Where I grew up, refugees were not allowed to use public hospitals, one of the most concerning problems refugees face in Pakistan.

Vitamin D: Vitamin D refers to both D3 (cholecalciferol) and D2 (ergocalciferol). D3 is produced in the skin by the help of sunlight. Refugees from Southeast Asian countries are more at risk of lower Vitamin D

(Australian refugees health guide, 2023)

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Cumin Seed is a popular bush medicine in Afghanistan. According to my grandparents, cumin seeds are beneficial for general health. On the other hand, experts from the Indonesian Department of Food and Agriculture say cumin seeds are a good antioxidant source.

Afghan people use cumin seeds in their daily food and sometimes they use them in tea as medicine

(Rusmarilin, Lubis, Barutu et al).

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For me, the most essential aspect of Standard 30 was how to behave, interact and manage situations with interpreters. I Have improved my knowledge about interacting with interpreters, like talking with interpreters in plain English and speaking clearly so they can understand me easily. After reading and learned Domain 7 about Cultural practice, I feel confident to help and apply the new things that I have learned.

(COMPETENCY STANDARDS FRAMEWORK FOR CLINICIANS ,2019)

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Rusmarilin, H., Lubis, Z., Lubis, L. M., & Barutu, Y. A. P. (2019). Potential of natural antioxidants of black cumin seed (Nigella sativa) and sesame seed (Sesamum indicum) extract by microencapsulation methods. IOP Conference Series.Earth and Environmental Science, 260(1)https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/260/1/012097

Taylor J, Lamaro Haintz G. Influence of the social determinants of health on access to healthcare services among refugees in Australia. Aust J Prim Health. 2018 Mar;24(1):14-28. doi: 10.1071/PY16147. PMID: 29232545.