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A black hole is a region of spacetime where gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light and other electromagnetic waves, are capable of escaping.

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You Can't Directly See a Black Hole

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When the pressure drops low enough in a massive star, gravity suddenly takes over and the star collapses in just seconds

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Supernovas are the biggest explosions in the universe, and can be brighter than an entire galaxy.

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A strong, rapid increase in the brightness of a star

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Stars that become novas are nearly always too faint before eruption to be seen with the unaided eye.

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Very large, bright stars that are more luminous and have shorter lifespans than dwarf stars

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They lie above the main sequence on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram

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The largest, most luminous, and most massive stars in the universe

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Lifetimes are probably only a few million years, extremely short on the scale of stellar evolution

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What stars like the Sun become after they have exhausted their nuclear fuel

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Have extremely high temperatures but low luminosity, high mass, and small size.

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Any star that has a hot, dense core which fuses hydrogen into helium to produce energy

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Represents the stable, "normal" phase of a star's life

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A scatter plot of stars showing the relationship between the stars' absolute magnitudes or luminosities and their stellar classifications or effective temperatures.

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It can be used to chart the life cycle of a star.

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Diffuse nebula are the clouds of material formed from the explosions of population three, population two stars, and the left over hydrogen and helium from the Big Bang

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Diffuse nebulae are often associated with star formation regions

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The structure resulting from the explosion of a star in a supernova

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They are the source of much of the energy that heats up the interstellar medium

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A region of cosmic gas and dust formed from the cast-off outer layers of a dying star

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Planetary nebulae are short-lived, lasting only about 20,000 years

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A cloud of gas and dust in space that can be the birthplace of stars, the site of their demise, or both. 

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Nebulae are made of dust and gases—mostly hydrogen and helium